US20080083566A1 - Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material - Google Patents
Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080083566A1 US20080083566A1 US11/543,301 US54330106A US2008083566A1 US 20080083566 A1 US20080083566 A1 US 20080083566A1 US 54330106 A US54330106 A US 54330106A US 2008083566 A1 US2008083566 A1 US 2008083566A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cuttings
- dry
- dryer
- drilling fluid
- cuttings material
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
- E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to systems and methods for reclaiming components of wellbore drilling cuttings mixtures; and in one aspect, to transferring dried lean phase cuttings materials to other systems.
- Drilling fluids typically called “muds”—used in hydrocarbon well drilling, as well known in the prior art, pick up solid cuttings and debris which must be removed if the fluid is to be re-used. These fluids are typically water based or oil-based. Often a mud with various additives is pumped down through a hollow drill string (pipe, drill collar, bit, etc.) into a wellbore and exits through holes in a drillbit. The mud picks up cuttings, rock, other solids, and various contaminants, such as, but not limited to, crude oil, water influx, salt and heavy metals from the well and carries them upwardly away from the bit and out of the well in a space between the well walls and the drill string.
- the mud is pumped up the wellbore and at the top of the well the contaminated solids-laden mud is discharged, e.g., to a shale shaker which has a screen or a series of screens that catch and remove solids from the mud as the mud passes through them. If drilled solids are not removed from the mud used during the drilling operation, recirculation of the drilled solids can create weight, viscosity, and gel problems in the mud, as well as increasing wear on mud pumps and other mechanical equipment used for drilling.
- the prior art discloses a variety of drill cuttings treatment methods and systems, and methods for reinjecting processed drilling fluid back into a well, including, but not limited to, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,942,929; 5,129,469; 5,109,933; 4,595,422; 5,129,468; 5,190,645; 5,361,998; 5,303,786; 5,431,236; 6,640,912; 6,106,733; 4,242,146 and 4,209,381—all of these patents incorporated fully herein for all purposes.
- land-based or offshore e.g. as shown in U.S. Pat. No.
- a well is drilled by a bit carried on a string of drill pipe as drilling mud is pumped by a pump into the drill pipe and out through nozzles in the bit.
- the mud cools and cleans the cutters of the bit and then passes up through the well annulus flushing cuttings out with it.
- the mud enters a shale shaker where the relatively large cuttings are removed.
- the mud then enters a degasser where gas can be removed if necessary.
- the degasser may be automatically turned on and off, as needed, in response to an electric or other suitable signal produced by a computer and communicated to degasser.
- the computer produces the signal as a function of data from a sensor assembly associated with shale shaker.
- the mud then passes to a desander and (or a desilter), for removal of smaller solids picked up in the well.
- the mud next passes to a treating station where, if necessary conditioning media, such as barite, may be added.
- Suitable flow controls e.g. a valve, control the flow of media.
- the valve may be automatically operated by an electric or other suitable signal produced by the computer as a function of the data from sensor assembly.
- the mud is directed to a tank from which a pump takes suction, to be re-cycled through the well.
- the system shown is exemplary; additional components of the same types (e.g. additional treatment stations) or other types (e.g. centrifuges) are be included.
- wet cuttings produced, e.g., by shale shakers, are mixed with sea water to form a mixture with a desired mud weight and viscosity which, in some aspects, results in a pumpable slurry.
- the resulting drilling fluid is then fed to a known cuttings reinjection system or to storage.
- Wet material generally weighs more and can occupy more volume than dry material.
- wet drilling material “wet” being defined as the fluid content of material taken directly from shale shakers.
- Cohesive bridging and arching of wet material are problems associated with attempts to process wet material to recover reusable drilling fluid.
- the present invention teaches methods for reclaiming component materials from a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material, the methods in certain aspects including: flowing a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material to a dryer; producing with the dryer dry cuttings material; and conveying with a conveyor system the dry cuttings material to a secondary system, the conveyor system including a positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus for conveying the dry cuttings material to the secondary system.
- the present invention teaches systems for separating drilling mixture components and for reinjecting cuttings material into a wellbore, the systems in certain aspects including: a dryer for producing dry cuttings material from a cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material, the dryer in certain aspects for reducing in size pieces of material fed to it and, in one aspect, reducing material to powder; and a conveying system for conveying the dry cuttings material to a secondary system, e.g. a thermal treatment system or a reinjection apparatus, the conveying system including positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus.
- a secondary system e.g. a thermal treatment system or a reinjection apparatus
- the present invention discloses, in certain embodiments, a wellbore cuttings component reclamation system that processes cuttings material from a wellbore drilling mixture and treats the cuttings material to produce acceptably disposable material (in certain aspects for transfer to a thermal treatment facility and subsequent landfill disposal; or for reinjection, e.g. into a dedicated reinjection well or through an open annulus of a previous well into a fracture, e.g. a fracture created at a casing shoe set in a suitable formation.) and, in certain aspects, recyclable drilling fluid.
- Such systems may be land-based or configured for offshore use.
- a system according to the present invention has cuttings material processed by a dryer, e.g. a vortex dryer, that produces relatively dry material containing primarily drill cuttings material and some drilling fluid.
- dry material is material that is a powder-like substance able to be transferred or conveyed in lean (or “dilute”) phase (i.e. substantially all particulates contained in an air stream are airborne), facilitating transfer by a positive pressure pneumatic conveyor.
- a dryer that produces both dried cuttings material and drilling fluid can, according to the present invention, optimize or maximize the reclamation of drilling fluid (“mud”) and minimize the volume of cuttings material to be transported and/or treated prior to disposal.
- a Vortex dryer by passing the cuttings material through a Vortex dryer or similar apparatus, the size of pieces of cuttings material is reduced and the transfer of such material is thereby facilitated; i none aspect, a Vortex dryer produces a powder from input cuttings material.
- additional grinding of the material by an appropriate grinder apparatus facilitates treatment of the material by a shaker. Broken down material is slurrified more easily than relatively larger material; e.g., when, for reinjection, the material is mixed with seawater.
- a dryer that reduces size of material, wear and tear on downstream grinders is reduced.
- dried cuttings material can be dosed into a treatment facility in a controlled manner.
- the present invention includes features and advantages which are believed to enable it to advance drill cuttings conveyance technology. Characteristics and advantages of the present invention described above and additional features and benefits will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and referring to the accompanying drawings.
- Such systems and methods that provide for further treatment and/or processing of relatively dry cuttings material, including, but not limited to reinjection and thermal treatment;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side view in cross-section of part of the system of FIG. 1 showing a mixer.
- FIG. 3 is a side view in cross-section of part of the mixer in FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a system according to the present invention.
- a system 10 has a system 12 with a dryer 13 for producing dry cuttings material and then feeding the dry cuttings material in a line A to a system 14 , a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system that selectively conveys the dry material into the line B (for eventual reinjection).
- the system 14 is a system as disclosed in co-owned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,936,092 and 6,988,567 and U.S. application Ser. No. 10/875,083 filed Jun. 22, 2004, all incorporated fully herein for all purposes.
- the dryer produces dried cuttings material in a powder-like form.
- a sensor SR on the line A senses moisture content of the material in the line and conveys this information to a control system CS (e.g., but not limited to a control system as disclosed in the co-owned patents and U.S. patent applications listed above) which can shut down flow from the system 12 .
- the control system CS controls the various items, devices and apparatuses in the system 10 and, in one aspect, communicates with a control system CM of a cuttings reinjection system CRI.
- the control system CS can adjust the flow rate of dried material to a blender 24 using a standard PID algorithm with a setpoint based on acceptable density, feedback for which is obtained from a meter of the CRI system.
- Material in a line B is conveyed to the blender 24 .
- Water (or sea water) from a tank 22 is circulated in lines D and C to the blender 24 by a pump 23 .
- the pump 23 pumps liquid from the tank 22 which mixes with the inflowing air flow from the line B in the blender 24 .
- a viscosity/density meter 28 provides the control system CS with information regarding the viscosity and density of the material flowing from the tank 22 .
- the cuttings material and water mix together and are pumped by the pump 23 through a screen 21 into the tank 22 of a first stage 20 of the system 10 .
- Water (or sea water) as needed is fed into the tank 22 by a pumping system 25 .
- An agitator 26 helps maintain solids in suspension in the tank 22 .
- Density (and weight) and viscosity of the mixture in the tank 22 are sensed by sensors (e.g. meter 28 , sensor ST) which convey sensed levels of density, weight, and viscosity to the control system CS, and, as needed, are adjusted by changing the feed from the system 14 using a control system CS 2 for the system 14 with the control system CS in communication with the control system CS 2 .
- a resulting slurry of the material is pumped by a pump 27 in a line E to a line G to a tank 32 or, optionally, first to a shaker system 34 .
- a control valve 29 selectively controls flow in the line G.
- the valve 29 When the tank's contents are at an acceptable density and/or viscosity, the valve 29 is opened, flow in Line B ceases, and the tank is emptied into the line G sending a batch of material to the tank 32 .
- the shaker system 34 removes oversize solids returned in a line F back to the tank 22 ; and drilling fluid with particles of material of an acceptable size (which pass through the shaker's screens) is fed in a line H to the tank 32 of a second stage 30 .
- Sensors SS sense levels of density, weight and viscosity of the material in the tank 32 and convey this information to the control system CS. As needed, weight and viscosity are adjusted.
- An agitator 36 agitates the contents of the tank 32 .
- a discharge rate of the system 14 is adjustable via adjusting a variable speed metering screw 14 a of the system 14 .
- Drilling fluid is pumped in lines I, J and K by a pump 33 for injection into a wellbore W e.g., for drilling operations employing pumped drilling fluid with valves VA and VB closed and valve VC open.
- the pump 33 pumps material to the cuttings reinjection (“CRI”) system which may include a or several first stage booster pump(s) for a or several triplex pump(s) or similar pump(s) useful in cuttings reinjection.
- CRI cuttings reinjection
- valves VA and VC closed the material from the tank 32 is pumped by the pump 33 in the line I, J, L to a storage facility T.
- the pump 33 pumps material from the tank 32 in the lines I, J, M back into the tank 32 for storage and/or further processing.
- the blender 24 has an inlet 31 in an upper body 38 into which dry material flows from the system 14 , e.g. in a continuously flowing air-conveyed stream. Liquid recirculated from the tank 22 flows into an inlet 32 , sucking material from the inlet 32 .
- a mixer 41 e.g. an in-line static ribbon mixer, mixes the various flows. The material flows down a pipe 36 to a diffuser 39 which has a screen (or screens) 21 through which the material flows into the tank 22 .
- Numeral 34 indicates a typical level of material in the tank 22 and numeral 35 indicates a low level of the material.
- Dried material from the dryer 13 is reduced in size by the dryer. This lightens the load on downstream grinders and increases the efficiency of the blender 24 and results in a focused high energy interaction between the relatively smaller solids (in powder form) and water (e.g. seawater), optimizing or maximizing resultant homogeneity of the mixture fed to the tank 22 .
- Wear, tear and downtime of downstream grinders, e.g. grinder pumps of a CRI system are reduced due to the flow of the size-reduced material from the dryer.
- the body 38 includes an interior flow member 37 through which the dry material flows and exits from an outlet 37 a to mix with the incoming liquid flowing in from the inlet 32 .
- FIG. 4 illustrates a system 100 according to the present invention in which a feed conveyor 110 conveys drill cuttings material processed by shakers 120 (e.g. on a land rig or offshore rig) either to a dryer 130 or to a cuttings container 140 .
- Recovered well drilling fluid (with some solids) from the dryer 130 is, optionally, fed in a line 215 to a holding tank 150 and then to a centrifuge 160 for centrifugal processing.
- Dried cuttings material from the dryer 130 is fed by a compressor system 220 to a feeder system 170 (a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system), with a feeder 172 and an outlet 174 , to a tank system 180 from which it is fed to a cuttings reinjection system 190 .
- a feeder system 170 a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system
- cuttings material from the tank system 180 is fed to a storage system 192 on a vessel 194 from which it is subsequently introduced to a cuttings reinjection system 196 at another site or rig.
- the system 170 can does the material to the tank system 180 and/or the tank system 180 can does the material to the system 190 .
- the system 100 may have a control system like the system CS, FIG. 1 .
- the dryer 130 is a vortex dryer, e.g. a commercially available National Oilwell Varco Brandt Vortex Dryer which, optionally, can be flushed with liquid material from the holding tank 150 via lines 201 , 202 , 203 . Via lines 201 , 202 and 204 material from the tank 150 is fed to the centrifuge 160 . Solids output by the centrifuge 160 flow in a line 205 to a conveyor 206 which transfers the solids in a line 207 to the container 140 .
- the holding tank 150 is a weir tank with a middle weir dividing the tank into two sides 151 , 152 .
- the feed conveyor 110 feeds material in a line 208 to the container 140 and in a line 209 to the dryer 130 .
- Recovered material flows from the dryer 130 to the tank 150 in a line 215 .
- Drilling fluid from the centrifuge 160 flows in a line 211 back to the tank 150 .
- Reusable drilling fluid flows from the tank 150 in a line 212 to a rig mud system 210 .
- this fluid flows through a filtration system FL prior to introduction to the system 210 .
- Material in a line 214 from a side 151 of the tank 150 is fed back to the centrifuge in a line 201 .
- Material flows in a line 213 to the line 212 .
- a pump 218 pumps material in the line 201 .
- the system 170 which receives dry material from the dryer 130 , including a positive pressure pneumatic conveying system, including, e.g., those disclosed in the two U.S. patents and the pending U.S. patent application referred to above. Dry material from the dryer 130 is fed by the reversible conveyor 220 to the system 170 in lines 223 , 224 .
- a moisture meter 230 measures the moisture level of material from the dryer 230 and, if the material's moisture content exceeds a pre-set level (e.g. 10% by weight)—a level at which conveyance by the positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus would be impeded or prevented—the reversible conveyor 220 reverses and the material is fed in the lines 221 , 222 to the container 140 .
- the dryer is a vortex dryer that produces the dry cuttings material as dry powder in lean phase.
- Suitable valves, check valves, filters, flow controllers and controls for them are used on the lines of the system 100 .
- Dry material from the system 170 is moved, in one aspect, to a suitable storage and processing system, e.g. a tank system 180 which may be any tank or vessel (or tanks or vessels) disclosed in the two U.S. patents and the U.S. patent application referred to above, including a vessel (land-based; on a rig; on a ship) which doses material to an apparatus or system (e.g. to the system 190 or to the system 196 ).
- the reinjection systems 190 and 196 may be like that of FIG. 1 or they may be any suitable known cuttings reinjection system for reinjecting material into a wellbore.
- material from the dryer 130 is directed in the line 222 to the container 140 .
- material from the system 170 is fed to a thermal treatment system 197 (from which it can then be transferred to the system 190 or to a transport for transfer to the system 196 .
- material can be sent directly from the system 170 to the system 197 , or to the system 180 and then to the system 197 .
- the present invention therefore, provides in some, but not necessarily all, embodiments a method for reclaiming component materials from a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material, the method including: flowing a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material to a dryer; producing with the dryer dry cuttings material; and conveying with a conveyor system the dry cuttings material to a secondary system, the conveyor system including a positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus for conveying the dry cuttings material to the secondary system.
- Such a method may include one or some, in any possible combination, of the following: wherein the secondary system is a cuttings reinjection system, the method further including reinjecting the dry cuttings material into a wellbore using the cuttings reinjection system; sensing moisture content of the dry cuttings material; if the moisture content indicates that the dry cuttings material will impede conveyance by the conveyor system, diverting the dry cuttings material away from the positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus; producing with the dryer a drilling fluid mixture with some solids from the drill cuttings mixture, and flowing the produced drilling fluid mixture from the dryer with some solids to a holding system; flowing the drilling fluid mixture from the holding system to a rig mud system; flowing drilling fluid mixture from the holding system to a centrifuge for processing by the centrifuge to produce centrifuged solids and centrifuged drilling fluid; flowing the centrifuged drilling fluid to the holding system; the conveyor system including a reversible conveyor, the method further including reversing the reversible conveyor to prevent dry drill solids from the dryer from
- the present invention therefore, provides in some, but not necessarily all, embodiments a method for reclaiming component materials from a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material, the method including: flowing a drill cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material to a dryer; producing with the dryer dry cuttings material; conveying with a conveyor system the dry cuttings material to a reinjection system, the conveyor system including a positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus for conveying the dry cuttings material; reinjecting the dry cuttings material into a wellbore using the reinjection system; sensing moisture content of the dry cuttings material; the conveyor system having a reversible conveyor, the method further including if the moisture content of the dry cuttings material is of such a level that conveyance by the conveyor system would be impeded, reversing the reversible conveyor to prevent dry cuttings material from the dryer from flowing to the positive pressure conveying apparatus.
- the present invention therefore, provides in some, but not necessarily all, embodiments a system for separating drilling mixture components and for reinjecting cuttings material into a wellbore, the system including: a dryer for producing dry cuttings material from a cuttings mixture of drilling fluid and cuttings material; a conveying system for conveying the dry cuttings material to a reinjection apparatus, the conveying system having positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus; and a thermal treatment apparatus or a reinjection apparatus for reinjecting the dry cuttings material into a wellbore.
- Such a method may include one or some, in any possible combination, of the following: a moisture sensor for sensing moisture content of the dry cuttings material, and the conveyor system further having a reversible conveyor, the reversible conveyor for feeding the dry cuttings material to the positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus and for reversing, if the moisture content of the dry cuttings material is such that conveyance by the positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus would be impeded, so that the dry cuttings material do not flow to the positive pressure pneumatic conveying apparatus; a centrifuge for receiving a drilling fluid stream from the dryer, the drilling fluid stream containing reclaimable drilling fluid, and the centrifuge for processing the drilling fluid stream from the dryer producing reusable drilling fluid; and/or wherein the dryer is for reducing in size the size of pieces of cuttings material, in one aspect, to powder.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/543,301 US20080083566A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2006-10-04 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
CNA2007800307728A CN101506464A (zh) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | 用于制备回注到钻井中的钻屑的方法和设备 |
BRPI0714133-5A BRPI0714133A2 (pt) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | mÉtodo e mecanismo para preparar material de aparas de perfuraÇço para injeÇço em um poÇo |
EP07804469A EP2052127A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | Method and apparatus for preparing drill cuttings for reinjection into a well |
PCT/GB2007/050566 WO2008041020A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | Method and apparatus for preparing drill cuttings for reinjection into a well |
AU2007304010A AU2007304010A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | Method and apparatus for preparing drill cuttings for reinjection into a well |
CA002657525A CA2657525A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2007-09-21 | Method and apparatus for preparing drill cuttings for reinjection into a well |
NO20090065A NO20090065L (no) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-01-06 | Method and apparatus for preparing drill cuttings for reinjection into a well |
US12/469,851 US8316557B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-05-21 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
US13/658,269 US8533974B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2012-10-23 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/543,301 US20080083566A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2006-10-04 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
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US12/469,851 Division US8316557B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-05-21 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
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US12/469,851 Active US8316557B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-05-21 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
US13/658,269 Active US8533974B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2012-10-23 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
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US12/469,851 Active US8316557B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-05-21 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
US13/658,269 Active US8533974B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2012-10-23 | Reclamation of components of wellbore cuttings material |
Country Status (8)
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US (3) | US20080083566A1 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP2052127A1 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN101506464A (pt) |
AU (1) | AU2007304010A1 (pt) |
BR (1) | BRPI0714133A2 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2657525A1 (pt) |
NO (1) | NO20090065L (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2008041020A1 (pt) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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Also Published As
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US20130067762A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
WO2008041020A1 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
NO20090065L (no) | 2009-06-26 |
EP2052127A1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
US8316557B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
BRPI0714133A2 (pt) | 2012-12-25 |
US20090227477A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
US8533974B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 |
CA2657525A1 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
AU2007304010A1 (en) | 2008-04-10 |
CN101506464A (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
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