TWI632651B - 具有中介件之無凸塊增層式封裝體設計 - Google Patents
具有中介件之無凸塊增層式封裝體設計 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI632651B TWI632651B TW100123125A TW100123125A TWI632651B TW I632651 B TWI632651 B TW I632651B TW 100123125 A TW100123125 A TW 100123125A TW 100123125 A TW100123125 A TW 100123125A TW I632651 B TWI632651 B TW I632651B
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- H01L24/96—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being encapsulated in a common layer, e.g. neo-wafer or pseudo-wafer, said common layer being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
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Abstract
本揭示係有關於積體電路封裝體設計領域,及更明確言之係有關於使用無凸塊增層式(BBUL)設計技術之封裝體。本文說明之實施例係有關於製造微電子封裝體領域,其中一中介件諸如貫穿矽式通孔中介件可用在無凸塊增層式封裝體來協助堆疊微電子組件。
Description
本發明係有關於一種具有中介件之無凸塊增層式封裝體設計。
本文說明之實施例係有關於微電子裝置封裝體設計領域,及更明確言之係有關於使用無凸塊增層式(BBUL)設計技術之封裝體。隨著微電子裝置尺寸的微縮化,微電子裝置封裝體須占據更小空間,此項目的可藉堆疊微電子組件而予達成。
依據本發明之一實施例,係特地提出一種微電子封裝體包含一微電子晶粒其係具有一作用表面、一相對背側表面、及在該微電子晶粒作用表面與該微電子晶粒背側表面間延伸之至少兩相對側面;靠近該至少一個微電子晶粒側面之一中介件;相鄰該至少一個微電子晶粒側面之一封裝材料;及附接至該中介件之一堆疊微電子晶粒。
本文揭示之主旨係在說明書結論部分特別地指出及分開請求專利。前述及其它本揭示之特徵從後文詳細說明部分及隨附之申請專利範圍結合附圖將變得更完整彰顯。須瞭解附圖只顯示依據本文揭示之若干實施例,因此不可視為囿限其範圍。本文揭示將透過附圖而以額外特異性及細節描述,使得更容易確定本揭示文之優點,附圖中:
第1及2圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有一中介件之一微電子封裝體實施例之側視剖面圖。
第3及4圖顯示沿第1圖線A-A之頂視平面圖,顯示中介件之一實施例。
第5圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有一中介件之一微電子封裝體另一實施例之側視剖面圖。
第6圖顯示沿第5圖線B-B之頂視平面圖,顯示中介件之一實施例。
第7及8圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有整合一微電子晶粒之一中介件之一微電子封裝體實施例之側視剖面圖。
第9及10圖顯示沿第7圖線C-C之頂視平面圖,顯示結合入微電子晶粒內之中介件之一實施例。
第11圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有整合一微電子晶粒之一中介件之一微電子封裝體另一實施例之側視剖面圖。
第12圖顯示沿第11圖線D-D之頂視平面圖,顯示與微電子晶粒整合之中介件之一實施例。
第13圖為將一中介件結合入一微電子封裝體之方法之一個實施例之流程圖。
於後文詳細說明部分中參考附圖,附圖顯示其中可實施本案所請主旨之特定實施例供舉例說明。此等實施例係以足夠細節描述來使得熟諳技藝人士可實施本主旨。須瞭解多個實施例雖然彼此相異但非必然互斥。舉例言之,此處關聯一個實施例所述之特定特徵、結構、或特性可未悖離本案所請主旨之精髓及範圍而在其它實施例具體實現。此外,須瞭解可未悖離本案所請主旨之精髓及範圍,在各個揭示實施例內部之個別元件所在位置或配置可經修改。因此,後文詳細說明部分不應解譯為限制性意義,本案主旨之範圍僅由隨附之申請專利範圍所界定,連同隨附之申請專利範圍之相當例的完整範圍適當地解譯。附圖中,類似的元件符號係指數幅圖間相同的或相似的元件或功能,圖中詳盡闡釋之元件並非必要彼此照比例繪製,反而個別元件可放大或縮小來更容易瞭解本文說明脈絡之元件。
本文說明之實施例係有關於製造微電子封裝體領域,其中一中介件諸如貫穿矽式通孔中介件可用在無凸塊增層式封裝體來協助堆疊微電子組件。
第1及2圖例示說明依據本發明之一個實施例,具有一中介件之無凸塊增層式-無核心基體技術(BBUL-C)微電子封裝體之剖面圖。如圖所示,微電子封裝體100可包括至少一個微電子晶粒102,此處微電子晶粒102包括一作用表面104、實質上平行於微電子晶粒作用表面104之一背側表面106、及從微電子晶粒作用表面104延伸至微電子晶粒背側表面106之至少兩相對側面108。
參考第2圖,微電子晶粒102可進一步包括在微電子晶粒作用表面104上的至少一個接點陸塊112,其中各個微電子晶粒接點陸塊112可連結至微電子晶粒102內部之積體電路(圖中未顯示)。微電子晶粒102可以是任一種適當積體電路元件,包括但非限於處理器或微處理器(單核心或多核心)、記憶體裝置、晶片組、繪圖裝置、特定應用積體電路(ASIC)等。微電子晶粒接點陸塊112可為任何適當傳導材料包括但非限於銅、鋁、銀、金、或其合金。
微電子封裝體100可進一步包括位置靠近至少一個微電子晶粒側面108之一中介件120,如第2圖所示,此處該中介件120包括一前側表面124、實質上平行於該中介件前側表面124之一相對背側表面126、及從該中介件前側表面124延伸至中介件背側表面126之至少一個側面128。中介件120可具有從中介件前側表面124至中介件背側表面126延伸貫穿其中之至少一個傳導通孔132。各個中介件傳導通孔132可具有在中介件前側表面124上之一接點陸塊134及在中介件背側表面126上之一接點陸塊136。中介件傳導通孔132、中介件前側表面接點陸塊134、中介件背側表面接點陸塊136可藉技藝界已知之任一種技術製造,且可由任何適當傳導材料包括但非限於銅、鋁、銀、金、或其合金製成。
於一個實施例中,中介件120可以是含矽材料,諸如非晶形矽或矽-鍺、或陶瓷材料。於另一個實施例中,如熟諳技藝人士瞭解,中介件120可以是與微電子晶粒102中作為主要材料之相同矽材來減少熱膨脹之不匹配。
中介件120可設計成中介件背側表面126相對於微電子晶粒背側表面106為實質上平坦,且可設計使得中介件前側表面124相對於微電子晶粒作用表面104為實質上平坦。封裝材料142可設置相鄰於微電子晶粒側面108及中介件側面128,藉此形成一基體148。封裝材料142之背側表面144可形成為使中介件背側表面126為實質上平坦及使微電子晶粒背側表面106為實質上平坦。封裝材料142可以是任一種適當介電材料包括但非限於經二氧化矽填充之環氧樹脂類,諸如得自味之素精密技術公司(Ajinomoto Fine-Techno Co.,Inc.),1-2 Suzaki-cho,Kawasaki-ku,Kawasaki-shi,210-0801日本(味之素GX13、味之素GX92等)。
增層150可形成於封裝材料前側表面146上。增層150可包含多個介電層,有傳導線跡形成在各介電層上,有傳導通孔延伸貫穿各介電層而連結在不同層上的傳導線跡及/或其它微電子組件。參考第2圖,增層150可包含分別地經由形成貫穿該封裝材料142之一線跡至微電子晶粒傳導通孔153及一線跡至中介件傳導通孔155而連結至至少一個微電子晶粒接點陸塊112及/或至少一個中介件前側表面接點陸塊134之至少一個第一層傳導線跡152。一介電層154可相鄰於至少一個第一層傳導線跡152及封裝材料前側表面146形成。至少一個傳導通孔156可延伸貫穿介電層154來連結至少一個第一層傳導線跡152至至少一個第二層傳導線跡158。增層150可用來連結微電子晶粒102至中介件120,或連結微電子晶粒102至外部互連體162(顯示於第1圖)。此等連結係如第1圖之虛線164顯示。外部互連體162可以是焊珠(如第1圖所示)或接腳(圖中未顯示),且可用來連結微電子封裝體100至外部裝置(圖中未顯示)。
須瞭解雖然只顯示一個介電層及兩個傳導線跡層,但增層150可以是任何適當數目之介電層及傳導線跡層。介電層諸如介電層154可藉技藝界已知之任一項技術形成,且可從任一種適當介電材料製成。傳導線跡層諸如第一層傳導線跡152及第二層傳導線跡158、及傳導通孔156可藉技藝界已知之任一項技術製造,且可由任何適當傳導材料包括但非限於銅、鋁、銀、金、或其合金製成。
如第1圖所示,堆疊微電子晶粒170可透過多個互連體172(顯示為焊珠)而附接至中介件120。堆疊微電子晶粒170可於微電子晶粒背側表面106上方延伸且係附接至微電子晶粒102相對側上的中介件120。堆疊微電子晶粒170可以是任一種適當積體電路元件包括但非限於處理器或微處理器(單核心或多核心)、記憶體裝置、晶片組、繪圖裝置、特定應用積體電路等。於一個實施例中,微電子晶粒102為微處理器,而堆疊微電子晶粒170為記憶體裝置。
如第3圖所示,中介件120可環繞微電子晶粒102,且可具有互連體172散布在中介件120之全部側面上。如第4圖所示,中介件120可以是在微電子晶粒102之相對側面上之兩個分開區段(顯示為元件1201及1202)。
須瞭解如第1圖所示堆疊微電子晶粒170無需橫跨微電子晶粒102。第5及6圖例示說明本發明之一實施例,其中一中介件180可以如就第1至4圖之實施例所述方式而配置在微電子晶粒102之一側面108上。參考第5圖,堆疊微電子晶粒170可透過多個互連體172(顯示為焊珠)而附接至中介件180。
第7及8圖例示說明依據本文描述之另一個實施例,具有中介件整合微電子晶粒之無凸塊增層式-無核心基體技術(BBUL-C)微電子封裝體之剖面圖。如第7圖所示,微電子封裝體200可包括至少一個微電子晶粒202,此處微電子晶粒202包括一作用表面204、實質上平行於微電子晶粒作用表面204之一背側表面206、及從微電子晶粒作用表面204延伸至微電子晶粒背側表面206之至少兩相對側面208。微電子晶粒202可具有在微電子晶粒202中部之一作用區210,如熟諳技藝人士瞭解,於此處形成積體電路。微電子晶粒202可進一步包括在微電子晶粒作用區210與至少一個微電子晶粒側面208間之一中介件區230,及可以是形成任何積體電路(圖中未顯示)之一區。如熟諳技藝人士瞭解,中介件區230可以是微電子晶圓之空白渠道區(street area),或可藉放大微電子晶粒202的大小容納。
參考第8圖,微電子晶粒202可進一步包括在微電子晶粒作用區210內部之微電子晶粒作用表面204上的至少一個接點陸塊212,其中該微電子晶粒接點陸塊212可連結至微電子晶粒202內部之積體電路(圖中未顯示)。微電子晶粒202可以是任一種適當積體電路元件包括但非限於處理器或微處理器(單核心或多核心)、記憶體裝置、晶片組、繪圖裝置、特定應用積體電路等。微電子晶粒接點陸塊212可以是任一種適當傳導材料包括但非限於銅、鋁、銀、金、或其合金。
中介件220可形成在中介件區230內部。中介件220可具有從微電子晶粒作用表面204延伸至微電子晶粒背側表面206之至少一個傳導通孔232。各個中介件傳導通孔232可具有在204上之一接點陸塊234及在微電子晶粒背側表面206上之一接點陸塊236。中介件傳導通孔232、微電子晶粒作用表面接點陸塊234、及微電子晶粒背側表面接點陸塊236可藉技藝界已知之任一項技術製造,且可由任何適當傳導材料,包括但非限於銅、鋁、銀、金、或其合金製成。
封裝材料242可設置相鄰於微電子晶粒202之側面208,藉此形成一基體248。封裝材料242之背側表面244可形成為使微電子晶粒背側表面206為實質上平坦。如前文就第1至6圖之封裝材料142所述,封裝材料242可以是任一種適當介電材料包括但非限於經二氧化矽填充之環氧樹脂類,諸如得自味之素精密技術公司,1-2 Suzaki-cho,Kawasaki-ku,Kawasaki-shi,210-0801日本(味之素GX13、味之素GX92等)。
增層150可以如第1及2圖所示方式形成在封裝材料前側表面246上。參考第6圖,增層150可用來將微電子晶粒接點陸塊212連結至中介件前側表面接點陸塊234或將微電子晶粒202連結至外部互連體162(參考第5圖)。此等連結係如第7圖之虛線164顯示。外部互連體162可為焊珠(如第5圖所示)或接腳(圖中未顯示),且可用來連結微電子封裝體200至外部裝置(圖中未顯示)。
如第7圖所示,堆疊微電子晶粒270可經由多個互連體272(顯示為焊珠)而附接至中介件220。堆疊微電子晶粒270可延伸於微電子晶粒背側表面206上方,及可附接至在微電子晶粒202對側上的中介件220。於一個實施例中,微電子晶粒202為微處理器,及堆疊微電子晶粒270為記憶體裝置。
如第9圖所示,中介件220可環繞微電子晶粒202,及可具有散布在中介件220之全部側面上之多個互連體272。如第10圖所示,中介件220可以是在微電子晶粒202之相對側面上的兩個分開區段(顯示為元件2201及2202)。
須瞭解堆疊微電子晶粒270無需橫跨微電子晶粒102。第11及12圖例示說明本文描述之一個實施例,其中中介件280可以就第7至10圖之實施例所述方式形成在微電子晶粒202之一個側面208上。參考第11圖,堆疊微電子晶粒270可經由多個互連體272(顯示為焊珠)而附接至中介件280。
須瞭解本文描述之中介件可導致微電子晶粒102及202與堆疊微電子晶粒170及270間之高互連體密度(例如大於約每平方毫米約30互連體),同時減少對矽層設計規則及方法之影響。此外,雖然堆疊微電子晶粒170及270係顯示為單晶粒,但如熟諳技藝人士瞭解,其可以是預堆疊晶粒。
本文描述之方法300之一實施例係例示說明於第13圖。如方塊310界定,可提供微電子晶粒。如方塊320界定,中介件可設置靠近微電子晶粒之至少一個側面。如方塊330界定,封裝材料可配置相鄰微電子晶粒之至少一個側面。如方塊340界定,堆疊微電子晶粒可附接至該中介件。
也須瞭解本文描述之主旨並非必要限於第1至13圖例示說明之特定應用。該主旨可應用至任何其它堆疊晶粒應用。此外,該主旨也可用在該微電子裝置製造領域以外之任何適當應用。
詳細說明部分已經透過例示說明、方塊圖、流程圖、及/或實例之使用而描述該等裝置及/或方法之多個實施例。儘管此等例示說明、方塊圖、流程圖、及/或實例含有一或多個功能及/或操作,但熟諳技藝人士須瞭解在各個例示說明、方塊圖、流程圖、及/或實例內部之各個功能及/或操作可個別地及/或集合地藉寬廣範圍之硬體、軟體、韌體、或實質上其任一種組合而予具體實現。
本文描述主旨偶爾含在不同的其它組件內部或連結其它組件之不同組件。須瞭解此等例示說明僅供舉例說明,可具體實現多個其它結構來達成相同功能。就構思意義而言,達成相同功能之組件之任一種配置係有效地「關聯」,因而可達成期望的功能。如此,組合來達成特定功能之此處所述任二組件可視為彼此「關聯」,因而達成期望的功能,而與結構或中間組件無關。同理,如此關聯的任二組件也可視為彼此「操作式連結」或「操作式耦合」而達成期望的功能,及可如此關聯的任二組件也可視為彼此「可操作式耦合」而達成期望的功能。可操作式耦合之特例包括但非限於實體上可匹配及/或實體上互動組件、及/或可無線互動及/或無線互動組件、及/或邏輯互動及/或可邏輯互動組件。
熟諳技藝人士須瞭解此處使用之術語及特別於隨附之申請專利範圍使用者通常意圖為「開放式」術語。通常術語「包括」須解譯為「包括但非限於」。此外,術語「具有」須解譯為「具有至少」。
當針對上下文及/或應用為適宜時,詳細說明部分之複數及/或單數術語的使用可從多數轉成單數及/或從單數轉成多數。
熟諳技藝人士進一步須瞭解若元件數目之指示係用在申請專利範圍時,申請專利範圍如此受限制之意圖將明確地引述在申請專利範圍,而於不存在有此種引述之情況下即不存在有此種意圖。此外,若係明確地引述所導入之申請專利範圍引述的特定數目,則熟諳技藝人士將瞭解此種引述典型地須解譯為表示「至少」所引用的數目。
在說明書中「一實施例」、「一個實施例」、「若干實施例」、「另一實施例」、或「其它實施例」等詞之使用表示關聯一或多個實施例而描述之特定特徵、結構或特性可含括在至少數個實施例,但非必要含括在全部實施例。於詳細說明部分中「一實施例」、「一個實施例」、「另一實施例」、或「其它實施例」等詞之使用並非必要全部皆係指相同的實施例。
雖然此處已經使用多個方法及系統描述及顯示某些實例技術,但熟諳技藝人士須瞭解未悖離本案所請主旨或其精髓而做出多項其它修改且可以相當例取代。此外,未悖離此處所述中心構思,可做出多項修改來讓特定情況適應本案所請主旨之教示。因此意圖本案所請主旨並非囿限於所揭示之特定實例,反而此等本案所請主旨也包括落入於隨附之申請專利範圍之範圍內之全部具體實現及其相當物。
100、200...微電子封裝體
102、202...微電子晶粒
104、204...微電子晶粒作用表面
106、206...微電子晶粒背側表面
108、208...微電子晶粒側面
112、134、136、234、236...接點陸塊
120、180、220、280...中介件
1201-2、2201-2...元件
124...中介件前側表面
126...中介件背側表面
128...中介件側面
132、156...傳導通孔
142、242...封裝材料
144、244...封裝材料背側表面
146、246...封裝材料前側表面
148、248...基體
150...增層
152...第一層傳導線跡
153...線跡至微電子晶粒傳導通孔
154...介電層
155...線跡至中介件傳導通孔
158...第二層傳導線跡
162...外部互連體
164...連結、虛線
170、270...堆疊微電子晶粒
172、272...互連體
210...作用區
212...微電子晶粒接點陸塊
230...中介件區
232...中介件傳導通孔
300...方法
310-340...動作方塊
第1及2圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有一中介件之一微電子封裝體實施例之側視剖面圖。
第3及4圖顯示沿第1圖線A-A之頂視平面圖,顯示中介件之一實施例。
第5圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有一中介件之一微電子封裝體另一實施例之側視剖面圖。
第6圖顯示沿第5圖線B-B之頂視平面圖,顯示中介件之一實施例。
第7及8圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有整合一微電子晶粒之一中介件之一微電子封裝體實施例之側視剖面圖。
第9及10圖顯示沿第7圖線C-C之頂視平面圖,顯示結合入微電子晶粒內之中介件之一實施例。
第11圖顯示在無凸塊增層式設計中具有整合一微電子晶粒之一中介件之一微電子封裝體另一實施例之側視剖面圖。
第12圖顯示沿第11圖線D-D之頂視平面圖,顯示與微電子晶粒整合之中介件之一實施例。
第13圖為將一中介件結合入一微電子封裝體之方法之一個實施例之流程圖。
Claims (12)
- 一種微電子封裝體,其包含:一微電子晶粒,其具有一作用表面、一相對背側表面、及在該微電子晶粒作用表面與該微電子晶粒背側表面間延伸之至少兩相對側面,其中該微電子晶粒包含由包括一作用區和一中介件區的一單一材料所形成之一單一結構,其中包括於該微電子晶粒之中部的該作用區進一步包括形成於其中之積體電路,且其中該中介件區沒有積體電路形成於其中;形成於該微電子晶粒的該中介件區內之一中介件,其靠近至少一個微電子晶粒側面,其中該中介件包括一前側表面及一背側表面,及自該中介件前側表面延伸至該中介件背側表面之至少一個傳導通孔;相鄰該至少一個微電子晶粒側面之一封裝材料,其中該封裝材料形成一背側表面,該背側表面實質地對於該中介件背側表面為平面的且實質地對於該微電子晶粒背側表面為平面的,且其中該封裝材料之至少一部份係相鄰至該至少一個微電子晶粒作用表面及該中介件前側表面;至少一個互連體,其延伸通過相鄰該中介件前側表面之該封裝材料且電氣地連接至該至少一個中介件傳導通孔;及附接至該中介件之一堆疊微電子晶粒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之微電子封裝體,其中該堆疊微電子晶粒實質上係橫跨該微電子晶粒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之微電子封裝體,其中該中介件係靠近至少二個相對微電子晶粒側面。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之微電子封裝體,其中該中介件實質上環繞該微電子晶粒之該作用區。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之微電子封裝體,其係進一步包括形成靠近於該微電子晶粒作用表面之一增層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之微電子封裝體,其中該微電子晶粒包含一微處理器,及其中該堆疊微電子晶粒包含一記憶體裝置。
- 一種形成一微電子封裝體之方法,其包含:形成一微電子晶粒,其具有一作用表面、一相對背側表面、及在該微電子晶粒作用表面與該微電子晶粒背側表面間延伸之至少兩相對側面,其中該微電子晶粒包含由包括一作用區和一中介件區的一單一材料所形成之一單一結構,其中包括於該微電子晶粒之中部的該作用區進一步包括形成於其中之積體電路,且其中該中介件區沒有積體電路形成於其中;形成在該微電子晶粒的該中介件區內之一中介件,其靠近至少一個微電子晶粒側面,其中該中介件包括一前側表面及一背側表面,及自該中介件前側表面延伸至該中介件背側表面之至少一個傳導通孔;設置相鄰該微電子晶粒之至少一側面且相鄰該至少一個中介件側面的一封裝材料,其中該封裝材料形成一背側表面,該背側表面實質地對於該中介件背側表面為平面的且實質地對於該微電子晶粒背側表面為平面的,且其中該封裝材料之至少一部份係相鄰至該至少一個微電子晶粒作用表面及該中介件前側表面;形成至少一個互連體,其延伸通過相鄰該中介件前側表面之該封裝材料且電氣地連接至該至少一個中介件傳導通孔;及附接一堆疊微電子晶粒至該中介件。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中附接該堆疊微電子晶粒的步驟包含附接一堆疊微電子晶粒至該中介件來橫跨該微電子晶粒之一作用區。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中形成該中介件包含提供靠近至少二個相對微電子晶粒側面之該中介件。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中形成該中介件包含提供實質上環繞該微電子晶粒之該作用區之該中介件。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其係進一步包含形成靠近於該微電子晶粒前側表面之一增層。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中該微電子晶粒包含一微處理器及該堆疊微電子晶粒包含一記憶體裝置。
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2010
- 2010-06-30 US US12/827,323 patent/US20120001339A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2011
- 2011-06-30 TW TW100123125A patent/TWI632651B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-06-30 CN CN201180027611.XA patent/CN102934223B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-30 SG SG2012079844A patent/SG185077A1/en unknown
- 2011-06-30 EP EP11801390.3A patent/EP2589076B1/en active Active
- 2011-06-30 WO PCT/US2011/042534 patent/WO2012003280A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-06-30 KR KR1020127031945A patent/KR101451495B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2013
- 2013-08-21 US US13/972,048 patent/US9818719B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
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CN102934223A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
EP2589076A2 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
EP2589076A4 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
US20120001339A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
US9818719B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
CN102934223B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
WO2012003280A3 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
WO2012003280A2 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
TW201205751A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
EP2589076B1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
KR101451495B1 (ko) | 2014-10-15 |
SG185077A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 |
KR20130033375A (ko) | 2013-04-03 |
US20130334696A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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