TWI393802B - 能夠控制反應腔室中排放流體之流徑的化學氣相沉積設備 - Google Patents
能夠控制反應腔室中排放流體之流徑的化學氣相沉積設備 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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Description
本申請案主張受益於2009年7月28日向韓國智慧財產局提出申請之10-2009-0068831號的韓國專利申請案,其全文在此併入本文作為參考。
本發明大體上關於用於形成薄層的半導體製造設備,更特定言之,是關於化學氣相沉積設備。
金屬有機化學氣相沉積(MOCVD)是一種用於沉積薄層至基材上的技術,其藉由將例如三族氣體及五族氣體與基材在加熱的反應器中反應而完成。使用MOCVD,藉由準確控制每一薄層之厚度或化學組成的能力,其能夠建立許多薄層。因此,MOCVD廣泛地在半導體製造製程中使用。
在反應器的處理腔室中形成薄層之後,處理腔室中殘餘的氣體從處理腔室排放。當大氣溫度降至殘餘氣體排放的蒸發溫度之下,此會誘導非期望的粒子形成於處理腔室中。非期望的粒子會落至處理腔室中的基材上,且其會難以獲得具有均勻之層品質或均勻之層厚分佈的薄層。亦然,該等非期望粒子會附著至氣體排放路徑上,引發保溫效應。此保溫效應是指在處理腔室之預設溫度及真實溫度之間生成的溫度差,且此溫度差會負面影響薄層品質。
再者,當未達到處理氣體之均勻氣流分佈時,例如會由於在氣體排放路徑中產生漩渦而產生更多非期望的粒子。一項在漩渦產生之肇因背後的原由是,介於感受器及處理腔室之鄰近之壁之間的氣體排放路徑的不適當寬度。
在習知MOCVD設備中,介於感受器及處理腔室壁之間的氣體排放路徑的寬度是固定的,以此設計,不可能控制氣體排放路徑之寬度。因此,當腔室中處理氣體之流體流動分佈不適當時,需要再度設計及製造設備。
本發明提供一種化學氣相沉積設備,其具有一構造,該構造能夠控制介於感受器與處理腔室壁之間的氣體排放路徑的寬度,而無須採取再度設計及製造該化學氣相沉積設備。
根據本發明之態樣,一種化學氣相沉積設備包括:一腔室;一感受器,其定位在該腔室內,且一基材加載於其上;一噴頭,其將一處理氣體朝該基材注入;以及一導引單元,其以可拆卸式安裝於該腔室內以導引該處理氣體,以致從該噴頭注入的該處理氣體透過形成於該腔室中的一腔室孔洞排放。
根據本發明之另一態樣,有一種導引單元用於一化學氣相沉積設備,該設備包括一腔室;一感受器,其定位在該腔室內,且一基材加載於其上;一噴頭,其將一處理氣體朝該基材注入;而該導引單元以可拆卸式安裝於該腔室內以導引從該噴頭注入的該處理氣體至形成於該腔室中的一腔室孔洞。
根據本發明之另一態樣,有一種方法用於控制一化學氣相沉積設備的一排放路徑,該設備包括一腔室;一感受器,其定位在該腔室內,且一基材能加載於其上;一噴頭,其將一處理氣體朝該基材注入;該方法包括:安裝一導引單元,該導引單元將該處理氣體導引至形成於該腔室中的一腔室孔洞,以控制該處理氣體通過的該排放路徑的寬度。
現在,藉參考顯示本發明之示範性實施例的伴隨之圖式,將可更全面地描繪本發明。然而,本發明可以不同形式實施,不應詮釋成其欲限制在此提出的實施例。而是,提供該等實施例以致本發明所揭露者將可更透徹且完整,且將全面傳達本發明之範疇予以熟習此技藝者。在該等圖式中,區域及層的尺寸為了清晰說明起見可誇張化。該等圖式中類似的元件符號係指類似元件。
第1圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示位在化學氣相沉積設備(其包含第一腔室100與第二腔室200)內的導引單元610(其可置換,將於下文針對第5至7圖更詳細解釋)。本實施例可應用至其他各種化學氣相沉積設備以及一般的MOCVD設備。
如第1圖所示,第一腔室100與第二腔室200彼此耦接以形成化學氣相沉積設備。化學氣相沉積設備供以進入第二腔室200的主要處理氣體G1,該氣體可為任何預定數目之處理氣體的組合物,而第1圖被指定為供給由兩種處理氣體所製成的主要處理氣體G1。第一腔室100中形成第一氣體入口101以供給第一處理氣體,以及形成第二氣體出口(在第1圖之剖面視圖中未示)以供給第二處理氣體。第一及第二氣體入口形成於穿過第一腔室100的上表面,如第1圖所示之具有第一入口101的實例。
惰氣入口102可形成為穿過第一腔室100的側表面以將惰氣G2供給進入第二腔室200。
在於基材S上形成薄層之後,如第1圖所示,複數個穿過第二腔室200側表面的腔室孔洞201排出殘存的主要處理氣體G1以及惰氣G2。
噴頭300朝基材S供給主要處理氣體G1以在第二腔室200中形成薄層。根據本發明之實施例的主要處理氣體G1包含第一處理氣體及第二處理氣體,而由第一及第二處理氣體之間的反應所得的產物沉積於基材S上以形成薄層。根據本發明之實施例,第一處理氣體可為包括三族元素的氣體,而第二處理氣體可為包括五族元素的氣體。
第一氣體分配空間310接收受穿過第一氣體入口導入的第一處理氣體,並且將之分配至複數個第一氣體供給管330進入第二腔室200。第二氣體分配空間320接收受穿過第二氣體入口(在第1圖中未示)導入的第二處理氣體,並且將之分配至複數個第二氣體供給管340進入第二腔室200。第一及第二分配空間310、320可形成於噴頭300內。透過第一氣體供給管330供給的第一處理氣體以及透過第二氣體供給管340供給的第二處理氣體經混合以形成處理氣體G1。
惰氣注入單元400將惰氣G2注入至第二腔室200,以加速排放處理氣體G1。惰氣注入單元400可形成為環或甜甜圈形狀,在噴頭300外周邊、更靠近第一腔室100之側壁處圍繞噴頭300。惰氣注入單元400具有複數個在其下表面上形成的滲透孔洞。惰氣G2透過惰氣入口102導至惰氣室401,而惰氣G2可透過複數個滲透孔洞向下注入至第二腔室200。
基材S加載於感受器500之上表面上,以致薄層可形成於基材之上表面上。加熱器(圖中未示)可設於感受器500內側。
為了形成均勻厚度的薄層,能夠旋轉感受器500的旋轉元件501設於感受器500下方。在如第1圖所示之本發明之實施例中,基材S及感受器500以單一主體旋轉。
導引單元610安置在第二腔室200內,以在薄層形成之後將剩餘的處理氣體G1與惰氣G2導引進入腔室孔洞201,透過該腔室孔洞201,殘餘的氣體G1、G2從第二腔室排放。導引單元610的部份包括:第一壁部份611(其形成為具有第一壁部份孔洞615)、彎曲部份612以及第二壁部份613。
如第1圖所示,第一壁部份611較靠近第二腔室200之側壁,而第二壁部份613透過彎曲部份612連接至第一壁部份611。第二壁部份613與第一壁部份611以一距離d1隔開。導引單元610可由石英製成,且可類似桶狀。第二壁部份613與感受器500以一預定距離隔開,以避免因感受器500旋轉而引發的摩擦。然而,介於第二壁部份613及感受器500之間的距離較佳為維持得盡可能彼此接近,以致應當排出第二腔室200的殘餘氣體不會導入介於第二壁部份613及感受器500之間的間隙。
第一壁部份611的第一壁部份孔洞615可對準第二腔室200的腔室孔洞201以容置排放的殘餘氣體之連續路徑。
當第二壁部份613及第一壁部份611之間的間距d1非常大(見第1圖)時,在薄層形成於基材S上之後,由於在第二腔室200內形成的不規則流體流動(漩渦)之故,由剩餘的處理氣體G1及惰氣G2構成的殘餘氣體不會平滑地從第二腔室200排放。由於此不規則流體流動,從處理氣體析出的粒子會過量附著至排放路徑,而附著至排放路徑上的粒子是保溫效應的肇因。其將可能導致反應空間800的溫度高於預設溫度且將會負面影響所形成的薄層之品質。
第2圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,該設備具有導引單元620,其適於實質上消除第二腔室200內不規則的空氣流動。
如第2圖所示,導引單元620安裝成使第二壁部份623與第一壁部份621以一距離d2(d1>d2)隔開,而因此不規則的流體流動不會產生於處理空間800內。第一壁部份621可以圓柱狀配置以致與感受器500形成同心圓。
漩渦是否形成於第二腔室200內可由以下情況確定:觀察化學氣相沉積設備之特定部份上的劇烈粒子堆積之面積,或者基於第二腔室200內之反應空間800的形狀執行電腦模擬,或者使用感測器偵測反應空間800內的流體流動。
導引單元620導引薄層形成後剩餘的主要處理氣體G1以及惰氣G2進入複數個第一壁部份孔洞625。已經通過第一壁部份孔洞625的流動氣體G1及G2隨後藉由延伸部份624穿過複數個腔室孔洞201從第二腔室200排放。
第3圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,該設備具有放置於其中的附屬板700,其為了實質上消除第二腔室200內的不規則空氣流動。
藉由放置附屬板700於第二腔室200內,流體排放路徑之寬度(即,介於第二壁613與附屬板700之間的寬度)進一步窄化為d3(d1>d2>d3)。附屬板孔洞703行成為穿過附屬板主體701之部份。附屬板孔洞703可形成於面向第一壁部份孔洞615的位置。連接附屬板孔洞703以及第一壁部份孔洞615的連接部份702可設於附屬板主體701的側表面中。
第4至5圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示第一腔室100與第二腔室分離,以置換導引單元610。
現在,參考第4至5圖,當不規則的流體流動在反應空間800內偵測到時,可藉由手動或者或藉由機器人或以其他自動化程序之方法開啟第一腔室100以從第二腔室移除導引單元610,其為了將導引單元610置換成其他種類的導引單元(如第2圖所示之620),或者為了插入附屬板(諸如第3圖所示之700),以使從第二腔室排放的殘餘處理氣體的排放路徑之寬度變窄。
第6圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示具有與第4及5圖所示之導引單元610不同尺寸之導引單元620,該導引單元620可藉由手動或藉由機器人或以其他自動化程序之方法安裝於第二反應腔室200中。
如第6圖所示,具有以d2隔開之第一壁部份621以及第二壁部份623的導引單元620安裝在第二腔室200中介於感受器500及第二腔室200之側壁之間。已經分離的第一腔室100隨後能與第二腔室200重新組裝在一起。
第7圖是根據本發明之實施例用於控制化學氣相沉積設備之氣體排放路徑的方法流程圖。
在操作化學氣相沉積設備之後,藉由上述各種方法於步驟S10檢查漩渦是否形成於第二腔室200中。舉例而言,漩渦是否形成於第二腔室內可由以下情況確定:分離第一及第二腔室100、200並且觀察化學氣相沉積設備之一個以上的特定部份上的劇烈粒子堆積之面積,或者基於反應空間的形狀執行電腦模擬,或者使用感測器偵測反應空間的流體流動。
當於步驟S10產生確定漩渦時,於步驟S11將第一腔室100從第二腔室200分離。
接著,於步驟S12,第二腔室200中的導引單元以另一更小尺寸的導引單元置換,或者以具窄化的排放路徑(殘餘處理氣體流穿過之而從第二腔室200排出)之寬度的導引單元置換。或者,於步驟S12可插入附屬板,以實現比殘餘處理氣體流從第二腔室200排出所穿過的現存導引單元所設之寬度還窄的排放路徑寬度。執行步驟S12是由於確定處理氣體排放路徑之寬度大得足以產生漩渦。
在步驟S13,第一及第二腔室重新組裝。
接著,在步驟S14,回復化學氣相沉積設備之操作。
在步驟S10之後,第二腔室200再度受到檢查以確定是否漩渦在第二腔室200內產生。當偵測到漩渦,則重複步驟S11-S14。當漩渦沒有被偵測到,於步驟20針對設定值再度檢查排放的處理氣體之壓力或者處理氣體之排放速率,以確定排放壓力或排放速率是否處於高值。排放壓力或排放速率可由使用壓力感測器等偵測而得。
當於步驟S20確定排放壓力或排放速率較預設值高時,在步驟S21將第一腔室100從第二腔室200分離。
接著,在步驟S22中,第二腔室200中的導引單元以另一更大尺寸的導引單元置換,或者以具變寬的排放路徑(殘餘處理氣體流穿過之而由第二腔室200排出)寬度之導引單元置換。執行步驟S22是由於較預設值高的排放壓力或高排放速率是由小於最佳寬度的排放路徑之寬度而引發。
接著,在步驟S23,第一和第二腔室重新組裝,並且於步驟S24回復操作化學氣相沉積設備。在步驟S20之後,第二腔室200再度受到檢查以確定是否排放壓力或排放速率高於設定值。當於步驟S20確定排放壓力或排放速率相較預設值高時,則重複步驟S21-S24。當於步驟S20確定排放壓力或排放速率相較預設值不至於非常高或充分最佳化時,能確定操作期間排放路徑適當地形成於第二腔室中而無引發其中的流體流動之漩渦。因此,可繼續操作化學氣相沉積設備。
當然,相關於偵測是否排放壓力或排放速率較預設值高的步驟S20至S24可在偵測是否產生漩渦的步驟S10至S14之前執行。
根據本發明之實施例,即使離開第二腔室200的殘餘氣體之排放路徑設計得不適當,排放路徑仍可藉由僅置換導引單元或插入用於導引單元的額外部件(例如,第3圖中的附屬板700)而適當地控制,無須重新設計及/或重新裝配化學氣相沉積設備。
參考本發明之示範性實施例,在此已詳盡顯示及描述本發明,熟習此技藝者將瞭解各種形式上及細節上的改變可不背離本發明之精神與範疇而在此製做,而本發明之範疇與精神由隨後的申請專利範圍所界定。因此,本發明實施例之未來的修改形式不能背離本發明之技術範疇。
100...第一腔室
101...第一入口
102...惰氣入口
200...第二腔室
201...孔洞
300...噴頭
310、320...氣體分配空間
330、340...氣體供給管
400...惰氣注入單元
401...惰氣室
500...感受器
501...旋轉元件
610...導引單元
611、613...壁部份
612...彎曲部份
615...第一壁部份孔洞
620...導引單元
621、623...壁部份
624...延伸部份
625...第一壁部份孔洞
700...附屬板
701...附屬板主體
702...連接部份
703...附屬板孔洞
800...反應空間
S...基材
G1...主要處理氣體
G2...惰氣
d1、d2、d3...距離
S10-S20...步驟
藉由參考附加的圖式而描述本發明之詳細示範性實施例,本發明之上述及其他特徵與優點將會更明顯易懂。該等圖式中,
第1圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示安裝在腔室內的可置換的導引單元;
第2圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,該設備具有導引單元,其適於實質上消除腔室內不規則的空氣流動;
第3圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,該設備具有放置於其中的附屬板,其為了實質上消除腔室內不規則的空氣流動;
第4至5圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示開啟腔室以置換其中的導引單元。
第6圖是根據本發明之實施例之化學氣相沉積設備之剖面視圖,其顯示在腔室中置換的不同尺寸之導引單元,該導引單元可藉由手動或藉由機器人或以其他自動化程序之方法置換。
第7圖是根據本發明之實施例用於控制化學氣相沉積設備之氣體排放路徑的方法流程圖。
100...第一腔室
101...第一入口
102...惰氣入口
200...第二腔室
201...孔洞
300...噴頭
310、320...氣體分配空間
330、340...氣體供給管
400...惰氣注入單元
401...惰氣室
500...感受器
501...旋轉元件
620...導引單元
621、623...壁部份
624...延伸部份
625...第一壁部份孔洞
800...反應空間
S...基材
G1...主要處理氣體
G2...惰氣
d2...距離
Claims (20)
- 一種化學氣相沉積設備,其包括:一腔室,其具有用於將一處理氣體導入該腔室之一氣體入口,以及用於將一氣體排出該腔室之一氣體出口;一感受器,具有能夠加載一基材於其上的一表面,其定位在該腔室內側,其中該處理氣體朝該感受器之該表面提供;以及一可置換的導引單元,其以可拆卸式安裝於該腔室內以導引該腔室中的該處理氣體至該氣體出口。
- 如請求項第1項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其進一步包含:一噴頭,其朝能夠加載一基材於其上的該感受器之該表面提供該處理氣體。
- 如請求項第1項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元配置在腔室中以圍繞該感受器。
- 如請求項第1項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元包含一第一壁部份,該第一壁部份與該感受器相距一距離定位於腔室內。
- 如請求項第4項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該第一壁部份在形狀上為圓柱狀,且該感受器定位於該圓柱狀第一壁部份之內側。
- 如請求項第4項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元進一步包含一彎曲部份,該彎曲部份從該第一壁部份之一下端朝該感受器延伸。
- 如請求項第4項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元進一步包含連接至該第一壁部份的一第二壁部份,其中該第二壁部份環繞其中的該感受器,且其中該第一壁部份以介於該第一及第二壁部份之間的一預定距離環繞該第二壁部份。
- 如請求項第7項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該第一及第二壁部份在形狀上為圓柱狀,而該第一壁部份的直徑大於該第二壁部份之直徑,且其中該第二壁部份定位於緊靠該感受器而不致於引發二者之間的摩擦。
- 如請求項第8項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元的該第一及第二壁部份之該等下端藉由一彎曲部份連接。
- 如請求項第8項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該第一壁部份形成為具有一第一壁部份孔洞以產生通往該氣體出口的一排放路徑。
- 如請求項第7項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元進一步包含一附屬板,該附屬板耦接於該第一壁部份及該第二壁部份之間。
- 如請求項第11項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中耦接於該第一壁部份及該第二壁部份之間的該附屬板在形狀上為圓柱形。
- 如請求項第11項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該附屬板形成為具有一附屬板孔洞以產生通往該第一壁部份孔洞的一排放路徑。
- 如請求項第1項所述之化學氣相沉積設備,其中該導引單元由石英製成。
- 一種用於一化學氣相沉積設備的可置換之導引單元,該設備包含:一腔室;一感受器,其具有一表面用以使一基材加載於其上,且其定位在該腔室內;以及,一噴頭,其將一處理氣體朝該感受器之該表面注入;其中該可置換之導引單元以可拆卸式安裝於該腔室內以將從該噴頭注入的該處理氣體導至形成於該腔室中的一腔室孔洞。
- 一種用於控制一化學氣相沉積設備中一氣體之一排放路徑之方法,該設備具有:一腔室;一感受器,其具有一表面用以使一基材加載於其上,且其定位在該腔室內;以及一噴頭,其將一處理氣體朝該基材之該表面注入;該方法包含以下步驟:安裝具有一第一側壁的一第一導引單元,該第一導引單元將該氣體導引至形成於該腔室中的一腔室孔洞,以控制該處理氣體通過的該排放路徑之寬度。
- 如請求項第16項所述之方法,其進一步包含以下步驟:於該感受器及該第一導引單元之該第一側壁之間插入一附屬板以控制該處理氣體之一排放路徑之該寬度。
- 如請求項第16項所述之方法,其進一步包含以下步驟:以具有一第二側壁的一第二導引單元置換該第一導引單元,其中介於該第一壁及第二壁至該感受器之間的距離不同,以控制該處理氣體之一排放路徑之該寬度。
- 如請求項第18項所述之方法,其中該第一及第二側壁在形狀上為圓柱狀,以致該第二導引單元表現為減少該處理氣體之一排放路徑之該寬度,其中該第二導引單元之一半徑小於該第一導引單元之一半徑。
- 如請求項第18項所述之方法,其中該第一及第二側壁在形狀上為圓柱狀,以致該第二導引單元表現為增加該處理氣體之一排放路徑之該寬度,其中該第二導引單元之一半徑大於該第一導引單元之一半徑。
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TW201114943A (en) | 2011-05-01 |
KR101245769B1 (ko) | 2013-03-20 |
US20110027480A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
KR20110011268A (ko) | 2011-02-08 |
US8876974B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
CN101985746A (zh) | 2011-03-16 |
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