TWI343138B - Composite polymer electrolyte compositions - Google Patents
Composite polymer electrolyte compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI343138B TWI343138B TW093107838A TW93107838A TWI343138B TW I343138 B TWI343138 B TW I343138B TW 093107838 A TW093107838 A TW 093107838A TW 93107838 A TW93107838 A TW 93107838A TW I343138 B TWI343138 B TW I343138B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- cation
- group
- anion
- electrolyte composition
- polymer electrolyte
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- -1 4-ethenylpyridinium cation Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- KAKQVSNHTBLJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethanesulfonimidic acid Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F KAKQVSNHTBLJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Substances C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- QDUKVMNUAQTMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethanesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QDUKVMNUAQTMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- USPTVMVRNZEXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound NS(F)(=O)=O USPTVMVRNZEXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 2
- HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanide Chemical compound [NH2-] HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 5
- KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [K+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRZHXNCATOYMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 ZRZHXNCATOYMJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940006487 lithium cation Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012719 thermal polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dimethyl-3-phenylbutan-2-yl)benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HGTUJZTUQFXBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoroethene Chemical group FC=CF WFLOTYSKFUPZQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAXSYFSJUKUMRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-ethylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C=C)=C1 MAXSYFSJUKUMRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWVMHGUBIOZASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-prop-2-enylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CN1C=C[N+](CC=C)=C1 WWVMHGUBIOZASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDIIGWSSTNUWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazol-3-ium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[NH2+]1C=CN=C1 JDIIGWSSTNUWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VXVUDUCBEZFQGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCC#N VXVUDUCBEZFQGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZHBGRMCOBHSKSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2C(C=CC2=C1)C(C3C=CC4=CC=CC=C34)C(C5C=CC6=CC=CC=C56)(C7C=CC8=CC=CC=C78)C(=O)O Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=CC2=C1)C(C3C=CC4=CC=CC=C34)C(C5C=CC6=CC=CC=C56)(C7C=CC8=CC=CC=C78)C(=O)O ZHBGRMCOBHSKSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQWNITDLBUKMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCN1CN(C=C1)S Chemical compound CCCN1CN(C=C1)S MQWNITDLBUKMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-pyrrolidinone Natural products CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020042 NbS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPFYXYFORQJZEC-FOCLMDBBSA-N Phenazopyridine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1 QPFYXYFORQJZEC-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O Piperidinium(1+) Chemical compound C1CC[NH2+]CC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001216 Samarium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003092 TiS2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium peroxydisulfate Substances [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)OOS([O-])=O VAZSKTXWXKYQJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoquinolinylidene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXFMGHKDHMRHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide (4-ethenylphenyl)methyl-triethylazanium Chemical compound FC(S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)(F)F.C(C)[N+](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C=C)(CC)CC AXFMGHKDHMRHSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWKHJADKQVHTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethanesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C(F)F CWKHJADKQVHTAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113088 dimethylacetamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHWFURWDUGYUMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinonyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)OCCCCCCCCC FHWFURWDUGYUMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical group FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical group C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyramide Chemical compound CC(C)C(N)=O WFKAJVHLWXSISD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRFCOTAPCXTTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decyl-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F DRFCOTAPCXTTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004010 onium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229940070891 pyridium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSECCTDWEGTEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylperoxycyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1CCCCC1 GSECCTDWEGTEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
- H01G9/2009—Solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0289—Means for holding the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1058—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties
- H01M8/106—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties characterised by the chemical composition of the porous support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
1343138 六、發明說明: ‘ 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種複合高分子電解質組成物,例 如,在鋰離子電池、燃料電池、色素增感太陽電池、電解 電容器等電化學性裝置中配置於電極之間的複合高分子電 解質組成物。 【先前技術】 裡一次電池,一般係使用含有經鹽之非水電解液。此 溶液係在碳酸乙稀醋(ethylene carbonate)、碳酸丙稀酯、碳 酸二曱酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸甲乙酯等碳酸醋類、r -丁内 酯(7 -butyrolactone)等内酯類、以及四氫吱喊 (tetrahydrofuran)等醚類之類的非質子性極性溶媒中溶解 經鹽而成。但是,此等有機溶媒有容易揮發、具引火性、 過量充電、過量放電、以及短路時之安全性等問題。又, 液體電解液在對電池進行液體密封時,處理上有困難。即 便使用凝膠化之非水電解液’有機溶媒之揮發及引火性問 題仍然未消除,凝膠化所產生之相分離電解液之洩漏問題 仍然存在。 取近提出一種鋰二次電池,其使用了在含有4級銨陽 離子(amm〇nium cation)之常溫熔融鹽中溶解鋰鹽而成的非 水電解質。例如參照曰本專利特開平1〇_92467、特開平 10-265674、特開平 U_92467、特開 2〇〇2_1123〇。常溫熔融 1343138 鹽因為在常溫為液狀,並且是不揮發性且不燃性所以安 全,但是即便藉由基質聚合體(matrix,p〇bmer)而作成凝 膠,仍會由於含有液體以致力學性質不充分,而且液體會 發生相分離,所以仍然存在著處理上的問題以及電池設計 上的問題。 亦有一種提案,其係在形成離子傳導性熔融鹽之咪唑 鏽鹽(imidazolium sah)中導入乙烯基,經由聚合此單體來 製造全固體高分子電解質。參照日本專利特開平ι〇 8382ι 及特開平2_)-1 1753。但是,此高子電解質亦未具有充分 的力學強度。 因而,對具有高離子傳導度和滿足力學性質、且安全 的高分子電解質之要求仍然存在。 【發明内容】 本發明係、經由提供一種複合高分子電解質組成物來滿 足上述要求,該複合高分子電解質組成物係在非電化學活 性之高分子補強材料的存在下,將單體組成物加以聚合而 製造,該單體組成物包含一熔融鹽單體及一電荷移動離子 源,該炼融鹽單體具有:由4發陽離子和含氟陰離子所 構成之4級銨鹽構造、以及聚合性官能基。 本發明之高分子電解質組成物被使用在鋰電池時,上 述電荷移動離子源係鋰陽離子與含氟陰離子之鹽,被使用 在燃料電池時’則上述電荷移動離子源係質子化之含氣陰 1343138 離子。被使用在色素增感太陽電池時’則·上述電荷移動離 子源係以厂仏-對(pair)為代表之氧·化還原系統(red〇x system)。 本發明之原理’亦可以應用在電解電容器之電解質。 此情況下’係在前述高分子補強材料的存在下,聚合未含 電%移動離子源之前述單體組成物而得到。 使以聚偏二氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride)為代表之 非電化學活性高分子補強材料與熔融鹽單體之聚合體進行 複合化的方法有數種。第1種方法係將含有離子源之溶融 鹽單體和高分子補強材料溶解在適當的溶媒中,將此溶液 流延至呈薄膜狀後進行聚合之方法。第2種方法基本上與 第1種方法大致相同,但是在使用預先導入能形成如碳碳 間雙鍵之類的交聯點之官能基的高分子補強材料方面上, 則與第1種方法不同。帛3種方法係使用高分子補強材料 之多孔質片材或是薄膜。使料融鹽單體溶液含浸此片 材,使片材中所含有的單體進行聚合而複合化。任何一種 情況中,都可以經由熱、光(紫外線)或是電子射線照射來 進行聚合。 可以使含有聚合前之熔融鹽單體的溶液,在玻璃、聚 酿等非接著基材上流延至呈薄膜狀,聚合後剝離作為獨^ 膜來使用,亦可以塗布在電極的活性物質面上,在此狀態 下進行聚:,來形成與電極-體化而成之薄膜。 ’主由圮樣所形成的本發明之高分子電解質薄膜,因為 有高分子補強材料存在’所以相較於沒有高分子補強材料
複合高分子電解質組成物, 貝。補強之後,使用本發明之 將能夠組裝小巧且能量密度高 的高性能電池等。 【實施方式】 3有4級銨鹽構造(由4級銨陽離子與含有氟原子之陰 離子所構成)及聚合性官能基之單體的鹽構造,係由脂肪 族、脂環族、芳香族或是雜環之4級銨陽離子與含有氟原 子之陰離子所構成的鹽構造。此處所稱「4級銨陽離子」, 係思札「氮之鑌陽離子(onium cati〇n)」,包含如咪吐鑌 (lmidazohum)、-比啶(pyridium)之類的雜環鏘離子 (heterocylic ring onium ion)。可以舉出由選自下述銨陽離 子群中之至少一種銨離子與選自下述陰離子群中之至少一 種陰離子所構成的鹽構造。 (知陽離子群):nb洛鑌陽離子(pyrr〇l’lum cation)、α比咬 鑌陽離子(pyridinium cation)、咪唑钂陽離子(imidazolium cation)、》比。坐鏽陽離子(pyrazo丨iurn cation)、苯並味β坐鑌陽 離子(benzimidazolium cation)、吲哚鑌陽離子(indolium cation)、叶·嗤鑛陽離子(carbazolium cation)、啥琳錄陽離子 (quinolium cation)、吡咯炫钂陽離子(pyrrolidinium cation)、氣己環鑌陽離子(piperidinium cation)、對二氣己 1343138 環鑌陽離子(piperaziniurn cation)、烧基,敍陽離子(alkyl ammonium cation)(其中,亦包含使用石发數1〜30之烴基、 沒基炫•基(hydroxyalkyl group)、烧氧基炫基(alkoxyalkyl group)來取代之物),任一者均包含了在n及/或環上,結合 有碳數1〜10之烴基、羥基烷基、烷氧基烷基之物。 (陰離子群)·· BF4 ' PF6、CnF2n + lC02 (但η係1〜4之整 數)、CnF2n+iS03 (但 η 係 1〜4 之整數)、(FS〇2)2N、 (cf3so2)2n、(c2f5so2)2n、(cf3so2)3c、cf3so2-n-cocf3、 R-S02-N-S02CF3 (R 係脂肪族基)、Ars〇2-N-S02CF3 (Ar 係 芳香族基) 上述銨陽離子及陰離子種之耐熱性、耐還原性或是耐 氧化性優良’可得到較廣的電位窗(electrocheniical window) ’適合使用於電池、電容器。 單體中之聚合性官能基,可以例示的有乙烯基、丙烯 基、曱基丙烯基(methacrylic group)、稀丙基(allyl group) 等石厌-¾不飽和基、環氧基、氧雜環丁院基(〇xetane gr〇Up) 等環狀烧氡基(alkoxide group)和異氰酸酯基(isocyanate group)、羥基、羧基等。 特佳之銨陽離子種,可以例示的有:卜乙烯基_3_烷基 味唾鏽陽離子U-viny卜3_alky丨丨midaz〇lium cat丨〇n)、4-乙烯 基-1-貌基吼啶鑌陽離子(4-vinyl-1-aiky lpyridinium cation)、1-烷基_3-烯丙基咪唑鑌陽離子(1_&丨]<^1_3-allylimidazolium cation)、1-(4-乙烯基苄基)_3-烷基-味唑鑌 % 離子(1-(4-vinylbenzyl)-3-alkylimidazolium cation)、1-(乙 1343138 稀基經乙基)-3 -坑基-°米°坐鳎陽離子(〗-(〃丨|^1〇)^61;11}^丨)-;3· alkylimidazolium cation)、1-乙烤咪。全鏽陽離子 (1 - vinylimidazolium cation)、1 -烯丙基味。圭鏽陽離子 (l-allylimidazolium cation)、N-烯丙基苯并咪唑鑌陽離子 (N-allylbenzimidazolium cation)、二烯丙基二烷基銨陽離子 (diallyldi alkyl ammonium cation)等。其中,烷基是碳數為 J 〜1 〇的院基。 特佳之陰離子種,可以例示的有··雙{(三氟甲基)項 酿}酿胺陰離子(bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide anion)、2,2,2-三氟-N-(三氟甲基磺醯)乙醯胺陰離子 (2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)acetamide anion)、雙{(五氟乙基)磺醯}醯胺陰離子(bis { (pentafluoroethyl)sulfonyl } amide anion)、雙{(氟)項醯} 醯胺陰離子(bis { (fluoro)sulfonyl} amide anion)、四氟硕 酸鹽陰離子(tetrafluoroborate anion) '三氧甲績酸鹽陰離子 (trifluoromethanesulfonate anion)等 ° 特佳之單體,可以例示的有:1 -乙烯基-3-烷基咪唑鏽 雙{(三氟甲基)項酿}酿胺(l-vinyl-3-alkylimidazoliumbis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide)(其中烧基為 C1 〜 CIO)、1-乙烯基-3-烷基咪唑錯四氟硼酸鹽(1-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)(其中炫基為 Cl 〜 CIO)、4-乙烯基-1-烷基吼啶鏽雙{(三氟甲基)磺醯}醯胺 (4-viny 1-1-alky 1 pyridinium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfony 1 } amide (其中烷基為Cl〜CIO)、4-乙烯基-1-烷基吡啶鑌雙四 1343138 氟硼酸鹽(4-vinyl-l-alkylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate)(其 中烧基為Cl〜CIO)、1-(4-乙稀基节基)-3 -院基喘β坐錯雙 {(三敗甲基)石夤醯}醯胺(1-(4-乂111;/156112>^1)-3- alkylimidazolium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl } amide)(其 中炫基為Cl〜CIO)、1-(4 -乙稀基节基)-3-炫基°米。坐錯四氟 棚酸鹽(l-(4-vinylbenzyl)-3-alkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate)(其中烷基為Cl〜CIO)、1-環氧丙基-3烷 基-咪唑銪雙{(三氟曱基)磺醯}醯胺 (l-glycidyl-3-alkylimidazolium bis { (trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl } amide)(其中烷基為Cl〜CIO)、1-環氧丙基烷 基-咪唑鑌四氟硼酸鹽(l-glycidyl-3-alkyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate)(其中烷基為C1〜CIO)、N-乙烯基咔唑鏽 四氟硼酸鹽(N-vinylcarbazolium tetrafluoroborate)等。 鐘離子電池之電荷移動離子源係鋰鹽,本發明較佳為 使用下述由鋰陽離子與含有氟原子之陰離子所構成的鋰 鹽。
LiBF4、LiPF6、CnF2n + iC〇2Li(其中 η 係 1〜4 之整數)、 CnF2n + 1S03Li(其中 η 係 1〜4 之整數)、(FS〇2)2NLi、 (CF3S〇2)2NLi ' (C2F5S02)2NLi ' (CF3S〇2)3CU、 Li(CF3S02-N-C0CF3)、Li(R-S02-N-S02CF3)(R 係脂肪族 基)、Li(ArS02-N-S02CF3)(Ar 係芳香族基)。 又,燃料電池之電荷移動離子源(質子源),係與上述 榕融鹽單體之4級銨鹽構造之陰離子種相當的質子供給 體。 1343138 色素增感太陽電池之電荷移動離子源,,典型而言有j -/13氧化還原對(pair),其他亦有Br-/Br3—對醌(quin〇ne)/ 氬S昆(hydroquinone)對等。 南分子補強材料,係具有優良的耐氧化性、耐還原性、 耐溶劑性、低吸水性、難燃性等之電化學/化學安定性、耐 熱性、耐寒性專之溫度特性、以及力學特性(強伸度、柔軟 性),而且加工性優良的聚合體。可以舉出的有:聚四氟乙 烯(polytetrafluoroethylene)、聚偏二氟乙烯(p〇lyvinylidene fluoride)等氟系聚合體、聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚烯煙 (polyolefin)、聚丙烯腈、聚笨乙烯等乙烯系聚合體、聚颯 (polysulfone)、聚醚砜等聚砜系聚合體、聚醚酮(p〇lyether ketone)、聚醚醚酮(p〇iyether etherket〇ne)等聚醚酮系聚合 體、聚醚醯亞胺(polyether imide)、聚醯胺醯亞胺(p〇丨yamide imide)、聚醯亞胺等聚醯亞胺系聚合體(任一者都包含共聚 合體)。 高分子補強材料以氟系聚合體為佳,以聚偏二氟乙烯 及其共聚合體、改質聚合體為特佳。其分子量(數量平均分 子篁)為 2000〜2000000,以 3000〜100000 為佳,以 5〇〇〇 〜50000為特佳。 以下以使用在鋰二次電池之電解質組成物為例,說明 其製備方法。本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者應可 明白,藉由將鋰鹽變更為其他的電荷移動離子源,則本發 明亦可以應用在燃料電池或是色素增感太陽電池用之電解 質組成物。 10 1343138 將高分子補強材料加以複合化的方法.已經包含有使 用含有鋰鹽之熔融鹽單體來含浸該材料之多礼質片材或是 薄膜,並使其在該狀態下進行聚合反應之方法,和將高= 子補強材料纖維分散在含有鋰鹽之熔融鹽單體中,並使其 進行聚合反應之方法。 ' 此時,高分子補強材料,具體上係織物、不織布、多 孔質薄膜、片材類等,厚度為5〜1〇〇μπι,以ι〇〜5〇_: 佳。不織布之透氣度(依照JIS_1〇96)為5〜4〇cc/m2 · 多孔:薄膜孔徑為0,05μιη〜1μιη,以〇 〇5μιη〜〇 5:為 佳’氣孔率為20%〜8〇%,以is。/〜 以35/〇〜60%為佳。此等補強材 料可以使用既有的製法、設備來製造,亦可以❹市售^ 一進而,將炫融鹽單體、㈣及高分子補強材料溶解在 如甲基乙酿胺(dlmethyl aceUmide)之類的適當 將此溶液流延口戈珍;^ Λ ^ $中 布在如玻璃、聚自旨薄膜之類的基材上, 聚合後加以制離可以彳專ξ丨递人 ㈣.. 以仔到複合化之南分子電解質組成物之 /專膜。依補強材料之高.分早.錄槪;s 门刀子種類而異,亦可以不使用溶劑 而經由熔融來與單體複合化。 當電解質組成物是由熔融蜂 合體所形成的聚合體換人^早體4合體與補強材料聚 由使力4生耕 0。物時’南分子補強材料之比率係 力^ 生貝及離子導電度能夠得到最適當平衡來決定。 相對於溶融鹽單@ 〜um 料之重量比,一般為ο.1 特定古子、㈣〜〇’65之間為特佳。關於特定熔融鹽單體和 特疋同子補強材料 办平έ &,力學性質與離子傳導度之最適 田千衡可以經由實驗來決定。 、 1343138 使用熔融鹽單體來含浸補強 咁成 5至材枓之多孔質片材或是薄 膜時’因為含有鋰鹽的高分子 古、,^ 解質會形成連續相,所以 有必要將力學性質與離子傳導 又心十衡加以最適化。 同樣地,在摻合型電解皙έ 解貝組成物的情形中,鋰鹽與力 學性質之最適當平衡,係依昭相故上 …、鐘鹽相對於熔融鹽單體之比 率來決定。以重量而言,此比率一 卞 力又係0.0 5〜0.8,以〇 1 〜〇·7為佳,以0.15〜0.5之蘇 乾圍為特佳。特定熔融鹽單體 與特定鐘鹽之最適當組合比,可以容易地經由實驗來決 定。使用多孔質片材或是薄膜時,因上述理由,鋰鹽相對 於熔融鹽單體之比#,只要是能使離子傳導度達到最大之 充足量即可。 熔融鹽單體可以單獨聚合,或是與能與其共聚合之單 體進行共聚合。 較佳態樣之一,係使用熔融鹽單體與具有反應官能基 之南分子補強材料來形成接枝交聯聚合體^共聚合單體可 以使用2種以上之熔融鹽單體,亦可以是不含鹽構造之單 體、或是進而具有複數聚合性官能基之多官能單體。 本聚合反應,是添加單體熱聚合引發劑和硬化劑,且 通常在40°C〜200°C進行加熱。聚合性官能基為碳_碳不飽 和基時’作為熱聚合引發劑可以舉出的有:過氧化苯曱醯 (benzoyl peroxide)、過氧化二異丙苯(dicumyl per〇xide)、 二-二級丁 基過氧化物(di-tert-butyl peroxide)、1,1-雙(三級 丁基過氧化)環己院(l,l-bis(tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane)、異丙苯化過氧氫(cuinene hydroperoxide)等過 12 1343138 氧化物類、2,2’-偶氮雙異丁腈 , (2,2’-az〇bisis〇biUyr〇nitrile)、2,2’-偶氣雙(2,心二甲基戊腈 (2’4-dimethylvaleronitrile)等偶氮化合物、過硫酸銨等無機 引發劑。 聚合引發劑之使用量,通常是相對於聚合性單體為〇」 〜10°/❶,以1〜5%為佳。 聚合官能團為環氧基時’硬化劑可以使用胺類、酸酐、 叛酸等’反應催化劑可以使用烷基咪唑(alkyl imidaz〇le;^f 生物》 為了使其聚合’亦可以照射紫外線(使用光聚合引發 劑)、電子射線等放射線。電子射線聚合,亦可以期待高分 子補強材料自身之交聯反應、和對於單趙補強材料之接枝 反應’此乃是較佳的態樣。照射量為0丨〜50 Mrad,以1 〜20 Mrad為佳。 含有2個以上能夠與熔融鹽共聚合之聚合性官能基的 多官能單體,其例子有:二乙烯苯、鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙基 S旨(diallyl phathalate)、乙二醇二(間)丙稀酸 g旨(ethylene glycol-di(meta)acrylate)、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙稀酸酯 (diethylene glycol-di(metha)acrylate)、三乙二醇二(甲基) 丙稀酸 S旨(triethylene glycol-di(metha)acrylate)、三經甲基 丙烧三(曱基)丙烯酸醋(trimethylolpropane tri(metha) acrylate) '季戊四醇四(曱基)丙稀酸g旨(pentaerythritol tetra(metha)acrylate)、三烯丙基三聚異氰酸酯(triallyl isocyanurate)、三烯丙基三聚氰酸酯(triallyl cyanurate)、二 13 1343138 稀丙基-二曱基銨雙-{(三氟甲基)磺醯丨醯胺 dimethylammonium bis- { (trifluoromethy 1) sulfonyl } anude) '二烯丙基’二甲基銨四氟硼酸鹽丨lyl dimethyi ammonium tetrafluoroborate)、2,2-雙(環氧丙基羥基)笨基丙 烷(2’2-bis(glycidylhyoxy) phenylpropane)等。此等多官能 聚合體,可以使用之量為熔融鹽單體之〇 5〜1〇 m〇1〇/〇。 本發明之複合高分子電解質組成物為聚合體摻合物的 情况下’可以認為:補強材料聚合體與含有電荷移動離子 源之熔融鹽單體之間產生微細相分離,而達成了對於各自 離子傳導性賦予力學性質的功能。包含補強材料之多孔質 片材或是薄膜時,含有電荷移動離子源之單體連續相,會 擔任離子傳導性任務。 本發明之複合高分子電解質組成物,是例如被失在鋰 離子電池、燃料電池、色素増感太陽電池、電解電容器等 電化學裝置的對向電極之間。各裝置所使用的電極,已為 此等技術領域所熟知。 例如,鋰離子電池,典型而言係使用:具備由能吸收 釋放鋰離子之碳材料、也就是由石墨所構成的活性物質層 之負極;與具有由含有經之複合金属氡化物⑼uc〇〇2、
LiPeO UNlnCo^、LiMnzO4等為代表,能吸收釋放鋰離 子)所構成的活性物質層之正極。負極活性物質若是使用金 屬鋰或是其合金時,正極活性物質可以使用如二氧化錳、
TiS2 MoS2、NbS2、Mo〇3以及v2〇5等不含Li的金層氧化 物或硫化物》 14 1343138 燃料電池,一般係使用添加有以Pt為代表之催化劑的 多孔質電極。色素增感太陽電池之作用電極,係使用在具 有導電性表面之基板上形成Τι〇2、Zno等氧化物半導體膜 並使其吸附色素而成之半導體電極。對極係以白金蒸鍍玻 璃基板為代表之導電性電極。電容器之電極對,可以使用 以往之液型電解電容器所使用的電極對之相同物。 (實施例) 以下舉出實施例來證明本發明,其並非用以限定。此 等實施例雖是以鋰離子電池之電解質為目標,但是為了應 用於其他電化學裝置,本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知 識者可經由上述那樣變更電荷移動離子源,而容易地修飾 此等貫施例。 實施例中所有的「部」及「%」,若沒有特別記載,則 都是以重量為基準。實施例中之測定係依照下述的方法進 行。 離子傳導度:在電極面積0.95cm2之白金電極間夾住 試料’在室溫、65%RH下,使用交流阻抗法(ο.ιν,頻率 1Hz〜10MHz)測定膜電阻、算出離子傳導率。 拉伸強度:使用A&D社製之拉伸試驗機TENSILON RT1 350,以 23 °C ' 5cm/min.進行測定。 又,在實施例中所合成之化合物,係使用IR光譜、NMR 光譜來加以鑑定。 (貫施例1) 合成1-曱基-3-(4-乙烯基苄基)咪唑鑌雙{(三氟甲基) 15 1343138 % 8¾ }酿胺(l_methyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazolium bis i (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide)[簡稱為 MVBI · TFSI] 在200ml之1,1,1-三氟乙烷中溶解37,0g(0.45mol)之1-甲基咪唾(1 -methylimidazole),在室溫下搜拌,同時以1小 時之時間滴加在l〇〇ml之1,1,1-三氟乙院(ι,ι,ι trifluoroethane)中溶解68.7g(0.45mol)之對-氣甲基苯乙烯 (p-chloromethylstyrene)所成之溶液’進而以65°C連續攪拌 1 〇小時,使進行反應。分離生成物,每次以1 00ml之丨,丨,i _ 三氣乙烷(1,1,1七丨〇111〇1'06讣31^),洗淨生成物二次後,在 65°C、0.1mm下乾燥2小時,得到52.8g(50%)之淡黃色固 体1-曱基-3-(4-乙烯基苄基)咪唑鑌氣化物(^methy 1-3-(4- vinylbenzyl) imidazolium chloride)[簡稱 MVBI . Cl]。 接著,在100ml的水中以70°C溶解31.9g(0.1 mol)之雙 {(二氟曱基)項醯}酿胺卸(Potassium bis { (trifluoro- methyl)sulfonyl 丨 amide)(簡稱 KTFSI),在 50°C 下攪拌,同 時以15分鐘之時間,滴加將23.4g(0.1 mol)之上述得到之 MVBI . C1溶解在50ml水中所得到之溶液,並混合。在5〇 t下激烈攪拌2小時,同時進一步地進行複分解反應後, 刀離生成之油層。各以50ml的水洗淨生成物二次後,在 6〇°C ' O.lmmHg下乾燥2小時,得到4〇 8g(收率85%)之 1-甲基-3-(4-乙烯基苄基)咪唑鑌雙丨(三氟甲基)磺醯}醯胺 (l-methyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)imidazolium bis { (tnfIuoromethyl)suifonyl } amide)(簡稱為 mvbi. TFSI) 〇 (實施例2) 1343138 合成含有碳-碳間雙鍵之聚偏=氟乙稀(ρ〇ι_η__ fluoride)改質聚合體[簡稱為DBF] 在附有攪拌器之300ml二口悻站由4 —口燒瓶令加入! 5g之曰本 ATOFINA么司製聚偏二氟乙稀(κ^46ι)與^之n甲基 吡咯烷酮-2 (N-methyi_2_pyrr〇Ud〇ne)[NMp],在 9〇。〇下溶 解。以同溫度攪拌’同時以約1〇分鐘的時間滴加2心 之三乙胺(triethylamine)。進而在同溫纟下㈣3〇分鐘使 反應。冷卻後,在攪拌下加入至3〇〇ml的水中,使再沈澱。 以各500ml的水,將沈澱所得到之聚合體浸潰洗淨並過濾 二次’在60°c下真空乾燥1 0小時。 使用NMR光譜分析,可知回收得到之聚合體約導入 8mol%之雙鍵。 (實施例3 ) 製備在80g之二曱基乙酿胺(dimethyl acetoamide)中溶 解8.4g之實施例丨所得到之丨_甲基_3·(4_乙烯基苄基)咪唑 鏽雙{(三氟甲基)項醯}醯胺[簡稱為MVBI . TFSI]及10.g 之實施例2所得到之聚偏二氟乙烯改質聚合體[Dbf]、〇. 1 7g 之過氧化苯甲醯等而成的溶液。在此溶液中溶解4.〇g之雙 {(三氟甲基)續醯}醯胺裡(lithium bis { (trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl } amide)[簡稱LiTFSI],而製備成電解質前驅溶液 (precursor solution)。在 ΙΟΟμπι 之聚酯薄膜(日本 TORAY 公 司製’ Τ型)上,塗布本溶液,以熱風乾燥機在130 °C加熱 30分鐘,並在乾燥的同時進行聚合反應。將塗布膜自聚酯 薄膜剝離,得到膜厚25 μπι之透明薄膜。此薄膜之離子傳 17 1343138 導度在20°C下為2.1xl(T3S/cm,拉伸強度為llMPa。 (實施例4) 和實施例1同樣地,由三乙基胺(triethyl amine)與對-氣曱基笨乙烯(p-chloromethylstyrene)合成三乙基-(4 -乙稀 基 > 基)敍氣化物(triethyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium chloride),進而將此與KTFSI反應,合成三乙基-(4-乙烯基 苄基)按雙{(三I甲基)續酿}酿胺(triethyl-(4-vinyl benzyl)ammonium bis{ (trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl }amide)[簡 稱 TEVBA · TFSI]。 接者’在之一曱基乙酿胺(dimethy 1 acetoamide)中 溶解7.0g之上述所得到之TEVBA . TFSI、13g之聚偏二氣 乙稀樹脂(曰本ATOFINA公司製,Kynar461) ' 〇. 14g之過 氧化苯甲醢、7.0g之LiTFSI,來製備電解質前驅溶液。在 3mm之玻璃板上,塗布本溶液,與玻璃板一起在13〇它加 熱30分鐘,在乾燥的同時進行聚合反應。將塗布膜自玻璃 板剝離’得到膜厚3 0 μιη之薄膜。本薄膜之離子傳導度為 3.0xl(T4S/cm,拉伸強度為 6MPa。 (實施例5) 多孔質聚偏二氟乙烯薄膜 製造在450g之二甲基乙醯胺(dimethyl acet〇amide)中 溶解50g之聚偏二氟乙烯樹脂(日本吳羽化學社製,# 及50g之聚乙二醇(分子量1〇〇〇)而成之溶液’在厚度為3爪爪 之玻璃板上塗布本溶液。與玻璃板一起放入熱風乾燥相 中,以150°C加熱乾燥1〇分鐘後,冷卻至室溫,接著在隻 1343138 溫、大量的水中浸潰3 0分鐘,再抽出、去除聚乙二醇。更 換為新鮮的水,進而浸潰30分鐘,水丨先後,以1 〇〇°C乾燥 30分鐘,得到聚偏二氟乙烯之孔洞薄膜。本薄膜厚度為25 以m、空孔率為59%,平均孔徑為5 a m(用掃描型電子顯微 鏡照片來評估)。 (實施例6) 和貫施例1同樣地,由1-乙稀基咪〇坐(i_vinyiimidazole) 與溴乙烷(ethyl bromide)合成1-乙烯基-3-乙基咪唑鑌溴化 物(l-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium bromide)[簡稱 EVI . Br]。由 EVI · Br與雙{(三氟甲基)項醯}醯胺钟(p〇tassiurn bis {(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide)(簡稱 KTFSI),合成 1- 乙烯基-3 -乙基咪唑銪雙{(三氟甲基)磺醯丨醯胺(bvinyn ethylimidazolium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl } amide)[簡 稱 EVI · TFSI]。 接著’在42g之本EVI· TFSI中溶解I5g之LiTFSI、 0.8g之過氧化笨曱醯成為溶液,用此溶液真空含浸上述所 製成之孔洞薄膜。含浸率為57%。其中,含浸率是藉由下 式而求得:含浸率%={(含浸後之重量—含浸前之孔洞薄膜 之重量)/含/丈後之重量} χ 1 00。又,經由氣孔率和含浸液 之比重計算得到的理論含浸率為5 5 %。 以130 c加熱聚合本含浸薄膜30分鐘,而製造複合薄 膜。 本複合薄膜之離子傳導度為6.5xl(T4S/cm、拉伸強度 為 12MPa。 19 1343138 (實施例7) · 鋰離子電池 製備高分子複合電解質前驅溶液:和實施例1同樣 地,由稀丙基漠(allyl bromide)與1-甲基^米《坐 (1 -methylimidazole),合成1 -稀丙基-3-曱基0米嗤鑌漠化物 (l-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide),將其與雙{(三氟 曱基)續酿}酿胺鉀(Potassium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide)(簡稱 KTFSI)合成 1-稀 丙基-3-曱基咪唑鏽雙{(三氟甲基)磺醯}醯胺 (1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl } amide)[簡稱 AMI . TFSI]。同 樣地’將二稀丙基-二曱基録氣化物(diaiiyi-dimethyl ammonium chi or ide)與KTF SI合成二烯丙基·二曱基銨雙 {(二氟甲基)項酿}酿胺(diallyl-dimethylammonium bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl} amide)[簡稱 DAA . TFSI]。 在 95g 之 N-甲基 n比洛院 __2(N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) 中溶解 2.4g 之上述 AMI · TFSI、2.4g 之 DAA . TFSI、2.0g 之LiTFSI、〇.24g之過氧化苯曱醯、5〇g之聚偏二氟乙烯 樹脂(日本ATOFINA公司製,Kynar#461)。 正極之製造: 在上述高分子複合電解質前驅溶液中,混合:正極活 性物質也就是LiCo〇2、和導電劑也就是乙炔炭黑,而製成 正極合劑洛液’將其塗布在集電體也就是鋁箔上,以13 〇 C加熱10分鐘,使其乾燥後,將其壓製以使正極合劑之厚 20 1343138 度為90 /z m。 負極之製造: 在上述高分子複合電解質前驅溶液中,混合:負極活 性物質也就是天然石墨、和導電劑也就是KETJEN碳黑, 而製成負極合劑溶液’將其塗布在集電體也就是銅箔上, 以130°C加熱10分鐘,使其乾燥後,將其壓製以使負極合 劑之厚度為90 A m。 電極間電解質膜: φ 在ΙΟΟμιη之聚酯薄膜(曰本t〇raY製,τ型)上,塗布 上述尚分子複合電解質前驅溶液,以13(rc加熱3〇分鐘使 乾燥並同時聚合,在聚酯薄膜上形成膜厚3〇μηι之高分子 複合電解質膜。 在上述之正極塗布面上,重疊上述複合電解質膜面, 在130 C之輥輪間進行層壓後,將聚酯薄膜剝離、製成正 極/電解質膜層壓片材。在此層壓片材之電解質膜面上,重 且it負極之塗布面’同樣地在13〇〇c之觀輪間進行層壓 _ 後,製成正極/電解質膜/負極層壓體。以i5〇(;Cxi〇kg/em2 將此層壓體加熱壓貼30分鐘,同時使其聚合。 以直徑15mm打穿本層壓體,放入鋁製容器中,重疊 同材料之彈奮和蓋子’加以壓製後製成錢幣型電池。 “使用本錢幣型電池,在2〇°c下進行充放電循環試 驗。 循環式驗條件:充電為在電流1 m A、终止電壓 為4.0V下谁仁八& 、、 仃疋電流充電。放電為在電流1 m A、終止電壓 21 1343138 為2.5V下進行定電流放電。 ‘ 將與電池設計容量之比率作為放電容量(%),則充放電 初期之放電容量為95%,在第20循環時仍可以保持85%之 放電容量。 【圖式簡單說明】 無 【主要元件符號說明】 無 22
Claims (1)
- J343138 七、申請專利範圍: . -1」-種複合高分子電解質組成物,其係在非電化學活性之 高分子,強材料的存在下’將單體組成物加以聚合而製 造’該單體组成物包含—㈣鹽單體及—電荷移動離子 源,該炫融鹽單體具有:由4級敍陽離子和含氣陰離子所 構成之4級敍鹽構造、以及聚合性官能基,該電荷移動離 子源包含由鋰離子與含氟陰離子所構成之鋰鹽,非電化學 活性之該高分子補強材料係選自由聚偏二氟乙烯及其共聚 合體所構成之群組。 2. 如申請專利範圍帛丨項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物其中該單體組成物,係含有可以與該熔融鹽單體進行 共聚合之多官能單體。 3. 如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物,其中s亥4級銨陽離子係選自由:丨_乙烯基_3烷基咪唑 鑌陽離子(1 - viny 1-3-alkylimidazolium cation)、4-乙稀基 烷基吡啶鑌陽離子(4_vinyM _alkylpyridinium cati〇n)、1 _ 烧基-3-稀丙基咪峻鏽陽離子(1_ancyl_3_allynmidaz〇Hum cation)、1-(4-乙烯基苄基)_3_烷基_咪唑鏽陽離子 (l-(4-vinylbenzyl)-3-alkylimidazol ium cation)、1-(乙缔基 羥乙基)-3-烷基-咪唑鑌陽離子(1(vinyl〇xyethyi) 3_ alkylimidazolium cation)、1-乙烯咪唑鏽陽離子 23 1343138 (l-vinylimidazolium cation)、1-稀丙基咪+1°坐鎖陽離子 (1-allylimidazolium cation)、N-稀丙基笨并味η坐钂陽離子 (N-allylbenzimidazolium cation) ' 以及二烯丙基二悅基 4 級敍陽離子(quaternary diallyldialkyl ammonium cation)等 所構成之群組,該含氟陰離子係選自由:雙{(三氟曱基) 確醢}酿胺陰離子(bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulf〇nyl} amide anion)、2,2,2-三氟-N-(三氟甲基磺醯)乙醯胺陰離子 (2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)acetamide anion)、雙{(五氟乙基)磺醯}醯胺陰離子(bis { (pentafluoroethyl)sulfonyl } amide anion) ' 雙{(氟)項酿} 酿胺陰離子(bis { (fluoro)sulfonyl} amide anion)、四氟棚 酸鹽陰離子(tetrafluoroborate anion)、以及三氟曱項酸鹽陰 離子(trifluoromethanesulfonate anion)等所構成之群組。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該高分子補強材料,係聚偏二氟乙稀 (polyvinylidene fluoride)或是含有複數個碳-碳間不飽和雙 鍵之改質聚偏二氟乙烯。 5.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該高分子補強材料,係含有連續細孔之多孔質薄 膜或是片材’該熔融鹽單體之聚合體係在該些細孔形成連 續相。 24 1343138 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高.分子電解質組成 物,其中該單體組成物係藉由熱而聚合。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該單體組成物係藉由紫外線照射而聚合。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該單體組成物係藉由電子射線照射而聚合。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該電荷移動離子源係選自由:LiBF4、LiPF6、 CnF2n + 〗C02Li(其中 n 係 i〜4 之整數)、cnF2n + 1S〇3Li(其中 η 係 1〜4 之整數)、(FS〇2)2NLi、(CF3S〇2)2NLi、 (C2F5S〇2)2NLi、(CF3S〇2)3CLi、(CF3-S〇2-N-COCF3)Li、以 及(R-S〇2_N-S〇2CF3)Li (R係烷基或是芳基)所構成之群組。 10· —種鋰離子電池,其中具備如申請專利範圍第9項所 述之複合高分子電解質組成物,且該複合高分子電解質組 成物係配置在負極與正極之間。 11. 一種複合高分子電解質組成物,其中包含一聚合體摻 合物及一電荷移動離子源,該聚合體摻合物中包含:單體 之聚合產物、以及非電化學活性之高分子,該=具有聚 合性官能基、以及由4級銨陽離子和含氣陰離子所構成之 25 1343138 4級銨鹽構造,該非電化學活性之高分子.係選自由聚偏二 氟乙烯及其共聚合體所構成之群組,該電荷移動離子源則 包含由鋰離子與含氟陰離子所構成之锂鹽。 12.如申請專利範圍第丨丨項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物,其中該4級銨陽離子係選自由:丨_乙烯基_3烷基咪唑 鎢 % 離子(l-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium cation)、4-乙烯基 _1_ 炫1基|1比咬鑌陽離子(44丨11;/1-1-311^1卩>^丨(1丨11丨11111〇31丨〇11)、1-燒基-3-稀丙基°米》坐鑌陽離子(i_aikyi-3-allylimidazolium cation)、1-(4-乙稀基苄基)_3_烧基-咪唾鑌陽離子 (l-(4-vinylbenzyl)-3-allcylimidazoliuni cation)、1-(乙稀基 •乙基)-3-烧基-〇米唾鐵陽離子(i_(vjjnyi〇Xyethyi)_3_ alkylimidazolium cation)、1-乙烯咪唑鑌陽離子 (1-vinylimidazolium cation)、1-烯丙基咪唑鏽陽離子 (1-allylimidazolium cation)、N-烯丙基苯并咪唑鏽陽離子 (N-allylbenzimidazolium cation)、以及二烯丙基二烧基 4 級銨陽離子(quaternary diallyldialkyl ammonium cation)等 所構成之群組,該含氟陰離子係選自由:雙{(三氟曱基) 確酿丨酿胺陰離子(bis { (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl } amide anion)、2,2,2-三氟-N-(三氟曱基磺醯)乙醯胺陰離子 (2,2,2-trifluoro-N-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)acetamide anion)、雙{(五氟乙基)磺醯}醯胺陰離子(bis { (pentafluoroethyl)sulfonyl } amide anion)、雙{(氣)石黃酿} 醢胺陰離子(bis { (fluoro)sulfonyl} amide anion)、四氟棚 26 1343138 酸鹽陰離子(tetrafluoroborate anion)、以及,三氟甲石黃酸鹽陰 離子(trifluoromethanesulfonate anion)等所構成之群組。 Π.如申請專利範圍第丨丨項所述之複合高分子電解質組成 物’其中該電荷移動離子源係選自由:LiBF4、LiPF6、 CnF2n+丨C02Li(其中n係1〜4之整數)、CnF2n +丨S03Li(其中n 係 1〜4 之整數)、(FS02)2NLi、(CF3S02)2NLi、 (C2F5S02)2NLi、(CF3S02)3CLi、(CF3-S02-N-C0CF3)Li、以 及(R-S02-N-S02CF3)Li (R係烷基)所構成之群組。 μ. —種鋰離子電池,其中具備如申請專利範圍第i3項所 述之複合高分子電解質組成物,且該複合高分子電解質組 成物係配置在負極與正極之間。 27
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003129589 | 2003-03-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW200503304A TW200503304A (en) | 2005-01-16 |
TWI343138B true TWI343138B (en) | 2011-06-01 |
Family
ID=33128174
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW093107838A TWI343138B (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-03-23 | Composite polymer electrolyte compositions |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7732099B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1612809B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4674660B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101211455B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1934657B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2507438C (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI343138B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004088671A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4300954B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-26 | 2009-07-22 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 高分子固体電解質 |
JP2005149796A (ja) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-06-09 | Canon Inc | 固体高分子電解質膜および固体高分子型燃料電池 |
JP4820535B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-24 | 2011-11-24 | 弘幸 大野 | 新規イミダゾリウム化合物 |
JP4653425B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-24 | 2011-03-16 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電池用正極/反応性ポリマー担持多孔質フィルム/負極積層体 |
DE102005013790B4 (de) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-03-29 | Polymaterials Ag | Polymerelektrolyt, Verwendung des Polymerelektrolyten und elektrochemische Vorrichtung, die den Polymerelektrolyten umfasst |
JP4883263B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-13 | 2012-02-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | イオン伝導体及びエネルギーデバイス |
GB0606016D0 (en) * | 2006-03-25 | 2006-05-03 | Ionic Polymer Solutions Ltd | Quaternary ammonium compounds and their uses |
KR100741531B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-31 | 2007-07-20 | 서울향료(주) | 고분자 전해질 복합체를 포함하는 전달체의 제조방법 |
WO2008031199A1 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-20 | Transfert Plus, S.E.C. | Ionic compounds having bronsted acidity and uses thereof |
US20080199749A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Conocophillilps Company | Organic anodes for hydrocarbon fuel cells |
MY165426A (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2018-03-22 | Mimos Berhad | Reference electrode with immobilized internal electrolyte |
US8669034B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2014-03-11 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Treated fluoropolymer particles, methods of making treated fluoropolymer particles, toner compositions, and methods of making toner compositions |
US9562126B2 (en) | 2009-03-30 | 2017-02-07 | Piotrek Co., Ltd. | Process for producing fluorine containing polymer |
JP5439009B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2014-03-12 | 大塚化学株式会社 | イミダゾリウム塩、電解液並びに電気化学デバイス |
WO2012166200A1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-12-06 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | Tsh immunoassays employing scavenging reagents for cross-reacting endocrine glycoprotein hormone analogues |
US9199234B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2015-12-01 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | TSH antibodies for point-of-care immunoassay formats |
CN103649755B (zh) | 2011-05-27 | 2016-03-02 | 雅培医护站股份有限公司 | Tsh免疫测定以及用于在存在内源性污染物的情况下以有限洗涤形式进行tsh免疫测定的方法 |
CN102286158B (zh) * | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-12 | 中南大学 | 一种气相挥发制备多孔性复合聚合物电解质膜的方法 |
KR101405588B1 (ko) | 2011-11-15 | 2014-06-20 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 다공성 박막 필름 고체 전해질 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조한 염료감응 태양전지 |
JP5959046B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-07 | 2016-08-02 | 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | アニオン伝導電解質膜およびその製造方法 |
TWI528612B (zh) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-04-01 | China Petrochemical Dev Corp Taipei Taiwan | A lithium salt and an electrolyte solution having the lithium salt and a lithium battery |
US9488663B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-11-08 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | Electrochemical methods and devices for amending urine samples for immunosensor detection |
US9651547B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2017-05-16 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | Electrochemical methods and devices for amending urine samples for immunosensor detection |
CN103223303A (zh) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-31 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | 聚偏氟乙烯/聚烯类季铵盐阴离子交换合金膜的制备方法 |
KR101406969B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-06-20 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 고체 전해질 염료감응형 태양전지의 제조 방법 및 이에 이용되는 전해질 충진 장치 |
CN103839688B (zh) * | 2014-03-05 | 2016-06-01 | 宁波大学 | 聚合物电解质、制备方法及应用 |
JP6654310B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-22 | 2020-02-26 | パイオトレック株式会社 | 導電素材および積層体 |
FR3040172B1 (fr) * | 2015-08-20 | 2020-01-24 | Ecole Superieure De Physique Et De Chimie Industrielles De La Ville De Paris | Compositions de polymere comprenant des polymeres reticules comprenant des fonctions ester boronique, permettant des reactions d'echange, procede de preparation et utilisation |
WO2017126701A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | パイオトレック株式会社 | 高効率イオン電導型リチウムイオン電池またはリチウムイオンキャパシタ |
US11530306B2 (en) | 2016-06-20 | 2022-12-20 | Solvay Sa | Fluoropolymer film |
WO2018043760A2 (ja) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-08 | パイオトレック株式会社 | 導電素材およびその用途 |
CN106785030B (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-08-25 | 深圳市星源材质科技股份有限公司 | 一种全固态聚合物电解质的制备方法 |
EP3614469A4 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2021-01-13 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | ELECTRODE OF ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR IT, ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE, AND POLYMER ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION |
US10147974B2 (en) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-12-04 | Dioxide Materials, Inc | Battery separator membrane and battery employing same |
US20190190065A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | Nano And Advanced Materials Institute Limited | Printable Solid Electrolyte for Flexible Lithium Ion Batteries |
EP3745517A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2021-07-14 | Piotrek Co., Ltd. | SEPARATORLESS CONDUCTIVE POLYMER SOLID ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY |
KR20210049114A (ko) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-05-04 | 브라이트볼트, 인크. | 재충전가능 리튬 배터리들용 고체 중합체 매트릭스 전해질 (pme), 및 그를 사용하여 제조된 배터리들 |
CN109585919B (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-08-28 | 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池及其电解液 |
CN111952662B (zh) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-05-10 | 深圳大学 | 深度冷冻聚氧化乙烯基固态电解质及制备方法与锂离子电池 |
KR102505092B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-02-28 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 겔 고분자 전해질용 조성물, 겔 고분자 전해질 및 그 제조 방법, 그리고 이를 포함하는 이차전지. |
CN113745656A (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种聚异氰尿酸酯基阻燃凝胶聚合物电解质及其制备方法 |
CN114479136A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 中南大学 | 一种固态电解质的制备方法 |
CN115433307B (zh) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-11-10 | 福州大学 | 一种具有强弱离子簇的固态离子弹性体及其制备方法 |
CN115677930B (zh) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-07-18 | 华南理工大学 | 一种咪唑-季铵盐类共聚聚离子液体抗静电剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1044484C (zh) * | 1994-07-22 | 1999-08-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 一种凝胶电解质薄膜及其制备方法 |
JP4318324B2 (ja) * | 1996-07-17 | 2009-08-19 | 四国化成工業株式会社 | 溶融塩型高分子電解質用溶融塩ポリマーの調製方法及び溶融塩型高分子電解質 |
GB9619133D0 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1996-10-23 | Secr Defence | An electrolyte |
JP3817045B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-12 | 2006-08-30 | 四国化成工業株式会社 | 溶融塩型高分子電解質 |
US6759170B2 (en) * | 1998-10-22 | 2004-07-06 | Wilson Greatbatch Technologies, Inc. | Organic carbonate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable electrochemical cells |
WO2000054351A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-14 | Center For Advanced Science And Technology Incubation, Ltd. | Membrane electrolytique pour pile a combustible et son procede de fabrication, et pile a combustible et son procede de fabrication |
CN1157817C (zh) * | 1999-08-14 | 2004-07-14 | 惠州Tcl金能电池有限公司 | 复合聚合物电解质膜及用此膜制造的锂电池 |
US6426863B1 (en) * | 1999-11-25 | 2002-07-30 | Lithium Power Technologies, Inc. | Electrochemical capacitor |
JP4636644B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-17 | 2011-02-23 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 電解質組成物、電気化学電池およびイオン性液晶モノマー |
JP4830182B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-17 | 2011-12-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | リチウムポリマー二次電池 |
CN1142610C (zh) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-03-17 | 华中科技大学 | 磺酰亚胺类锂盐的复合固体电解质材料及其制备方法 |
JP4981220B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-21 | 2012-07-18 | 帝人株式会社 | 非水系二次電池用セパレータ及び非水系二次電池 |
JP4827331B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-09 | 2011-11-30 | 日東電工株式会社 | プロトン伝導性膜又はフィルムとそれらを用いてなる燃料電池 |
JP2003077539A (ja) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-14 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | ゲル状ポリマー電解質及びそれを用いたリチウムポリマー電池 |
JP4127989B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-12 | 2008-07-30 | 帝人株式会社 | 非水系二次電池用セパレータ及び非水系二次電池 |
US6878475B2 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2005-04-12 | T/J Technologies, Inc. | Membrane for fuel cell, and fuel cell incorporating that membrane |
-
2004
- 2004-03-15 KR KR1020057012790A patent/KR101211455B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-15 CN CN2004800020565A patent/CN1934657B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-15 WO PCT/JP2004/003447 patent/WO2004088671A1/ja active Search and Examination
- 2004-03-15 CA CA2507438A patent/CA2507438C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-15 US US10/551,330 patent/US7732099B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-15 JP JP2005504154A patent/JP4674660B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-15 EP EP04720736.0A patent/EP1612809B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-23 TW TW093107838A patent/TWI343138B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1612809B1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
JP4674660B2 (ja) | 2011-04-20 |
CN1934657A (zh) | 2007-03-21 |
EP1612809A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
CN1934657B (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
KR101211455B1 (ko) | 2012-12-12 |
US7732099B2 (en) | 2010-06-08 |
US20060057465A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
CA2507438A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
JPWO2004088671A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1612809A4 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
CA2507438C (en) | 2013-08-06 |
KR20050114607A (ko) | 2005-12-06 |
WO2004088671A1 (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
TW200503304A (en) | 2005-01-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI343138B (en) | Composite polymer electrolyte compositions | |
Jeong et al. | Revisiting polymeric single lithium-ion conductors as an organic route for all-solid-state lithium ion and metal batteries | |
KR101747865B1 (ko) | 전해질, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 | |
US6100324A (en) | Ionomers and ionically conductive compositions | |
CN1783543B (zh) | 多孔膜及其制备方法,电池制备方法和电极/多孔膜组合体 | |
Li et al. | Polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium metal batteries | |
JP2016219411A (ja) | リチウム金属電池 | |
WO2010113971A1 (ja) | フッ素系重合体の製法 | |
CA2662423C (en) | Polymer electrolyte comprising a ketonic carbonyl group and electrochemical device comprising said electrolyte | |
WO2003083971A1 (en) | Solid polymer electrolyte and method of preparation | |
JP2008288210A (ja) | 電解質組成物 | |
CN109599593A (zh) | 多层复合电解质的固态电池的制备方法 | |
Yu et al. | Lithium salt-induced in situ living radical polymerizations enable polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries | |
JP2003123791A (ja) | プロトン伝導体及びこれを用いた燃料電池 | |
JP2000082330A (ja) | 電解質用組成物ならびに電解質およびその製造方法およびそれを用いた電池 | |
CN110444808A (zh) | 一种长支链单离子聚合物电解质、其制备和应用 | |
Ghahramani et al. | Novel Single-ion conducting gel polymer electrolyte with honeycomb-like morphology prepared using brush copolymer for lithium-ion battery application | |
JP2007226974A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP4164005B2 (ja) | 電解質組成物 | |
CN103515654B (zh) | 一种聚合物固体电解质的制造方法 | |
CN109286040A (zh) | 四臂支化聚合离子液体凝胶电解质隔膜及其制备方法 | |
JP3843505B2 (ja) | 高分子電解質及び電池 | |
JP2004035869A (ja) | イオン性樹脂組成物及びその硬化物 | |
Paste et al. | A‐LLTO Nanoparticles Embedded Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Room Temperature Operational Li‐metal Batteries | |
JP2006049157A (ja) | リチウムイオン電池用複合高分子電解質 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |