TW201934793A - 用於半導體製造部件之高純度金屬頂塗層 - Google Patents
用於半導體製造部件之高純度金屬頂塗層 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201934793A TW201934793A TW108111605A TW108111605A TW201934793A TW 201934793 A TW201934793 A TW 201934793A TW 108111605 A TW108111605 A TW 108111605A TW 108111605 A TW108111605 A TW 108111605A TW 201934793 A TW201934793 A TW 201934793A
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- Prior art keywords
- coating
- layer
- article
- anodized
- alloy
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 112
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 65
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 Al 6061 Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017150 AlTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
- C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/02227—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process
- H01L21/02252—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by plasma treatment, e.g. plasma oxidation of the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/12743—Next to refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12757—Fe
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract
一種用於對在半導體製造腔室中用於電漿蝕刻之部件進行塗佈之方法,該方法包括提供用於半導體製造腔室中之部件,將部件載入沉積腔室,將金屬粉末冷噴塗佈在部件上以在部件上形成塗層,及陽極化該塗層以形成陽極化層。
Description
本揭示案之實施例一般而言係關於半導體製造部件上之金屬塗層,及關於用於將金屬塗層塗覆至基板之製程。
在半導體工業中,裝置藉由數個製程製造而成,該等製程產生大小日益減小之結構。諸如電漿蝕刻及電漿清潔製程之一些製程將基板曝露於高速電漿流以蝕刻或清潔基板。電漿可具有很強腐蝕性,及可腐蝕處理腔室及暴露於電漿之其他表面。此腐蝕可產生粒子,粒子常常污染正經處理之基板,從而導致裝置缺陷(亦即晶圓上缺陷,如粒子及金屬污染)。
隨著裝置幾何尺寸縮小,對缺陷之靈敏度增大,及對粒子污染之容許等級可降低。為將由於電漿蝕刻及/或電漿清潔製程而引入之粒子污染降至最低,已開發具有耐電漿性之腔室材料。不同材料提供不同的材料性質,如電漿耐受性、剛性、撓曲強度、抗熱衝擊性,等等。而且,不同的材料具有不同的材料成本。由此,一些材料具有優良的電漿耐受性,其他材料具有較低的成本,及又一些其他材料具有優良的撓曲強度及/或抗熱衝擊性。
一種方法包括:提供用於半導體製造腔室中之部件;將部件載入沉積腔室中;將金屬粉末冷噴塗佈在部件上以在部件上形成塗層;及陽極化該塗層以形成陽極化層。
一種製品包括:在半導體製造腔室中用於進行電漿蝕刻之部件;部件上之金屬粉末冷噴塗層;及由塗層形成之陽極化層。
一種製品包括用於半導體製造腔室中之部件、塗層,及陽極化層,該製品已藉由一製程製造而成,該製程包括:提供部件;將該部件載入沉積腔室;將金屬粉末冷噴塗佈至該部件上以在該部件上形成塗層;及陽極化該塗層以形成陽極化層。
本揭示案之實施例係針對用於將塗層塗覆至基板(如用於半導體製造腔室內之部件)上之製程。用於半導體製造腔室中之部件可利用金屬粉末經冷噴塗覆以在該部件上形成塗層,且該塗層可經陽極化以形成陽極化層。金屬粉末之冷噴塗佈可提供密集及保形的塗層,該塗層對腐蝕性電漿化學品具有提高的耐受性。塗層可由高純度材料形成以降低腔室內部之金屬污染水平。具有陽極化層之塗層可增長部件使用壽命及減少在半導體製造期間的晶圓上缺陷,因為該塗層是耐腐蝕的。因此,可降低粒子污染水平。
經冷噴塗佈之部件可由鋁、鋁合金、不銹鋼、鈦、鈦合金、鎂或鎂合金形成。部件可為噴淋頭、陰極套管、套管襯墊門、陰極基座、腔室內襯、靜電卡盤基座,或處理腔室之另一部件。而且,部件可經研磨以在使塗層陽極化之前降低平均表面糙度。此外,在塗層之冷噴塗佈之後,可加熱部件以在部件與塗層之間形成阻障層。
經冷噴塗佈至部件上之金屬粉末可具有處於約100米/秒至約1500米/秒範圍中之速度,及可經由氮氣或氬氣之載氣而經噴塗。塗層可具有處於約0.1毫米至約40毫米範圍中之厚度。金屬粉末可為鋁、鋁合金、鈦、鈦合金、鈮、鈮合金、鋯、鋯合金、銅,或銅合金。約1%至50%之塗層可經陽極化以形成陽極化層。
當本文中使用術語「約」及「大約」時,該等術語意欲意謂著所展示之標稱值的精度在±10%內。亦應注意,在本文中,藉由參考用於半導體製造中之電漿蝕刻器中之部件而描述一些實施例。然而,應理解,此種電漿蝕刻器亦可用以製造微機電系統(micro-electro-mechanical system; MEMS)裝置。
第 1 圖
圖示根據一個實施例之具有塗層之部件100。部件100包括具有冷噴塗層104及陽極化層108之基板102。在一個實施例中,基板102可為用於半導體製造腔室中之部件,如噴淋頭、陰極套管、套管襯墊門、陰極基座、腔室內襯、靜電卡盤基座,等等。例如,基板102可由鋁、鋁合金(例如Al 6061、Al 5058,等等)、不銹鋼、鈦、鈦合金、鎂及鎂合金形成。圖示之腔室部件100僅為代表性目的,並非一定按比例繪製。
在一個實施例中,在冷噴塗層104的形成之前,調整基板102之平均表面糙度。例如,基板102之平均表面糙度可能處於自約15微吋至約300微吋之範圍中。在一個實施例中,基板具有始於或經調整至約120微吋的平均表面糙度。可增大平均表面糙度(例如藉由珠粒噴擊或打磨),或可降低平均表面糙度(例如藉由噴砂或研磨)。然而,製品之平均表面糙度可能已適合用於冷噴塗佈。由此,平均表面糙度調整可為可選的。
冷噴塗層104可經由冷噴塗製程形成。在一個實施例中,冷噴塗層可由金屬粉末形成,如鋁(例如,高純度鋁)、鋁合金、鈦、鈦合金、鈮、鈮合金、鋯、鋯合金、銅或銅合金。例如,冷噴塗層104可具有處於約0.1毫米至約40毫米範圍中之厚度。在一個實例中,冷噴塗層的厚度約為1毫米。將在下文中更詳細地描述冷噴塗製程。
在一個實施例中,在塗覆冷噴塗層104之後,可熱處理部件100。熱處理可藉由在冷噴塗層104與基板102之間形成反應區106來改良冷噴塗層104對基板102之黏合強度,從而使冷噴塗層最佳化。
隨後,陽極化層108可經由陽極化製程而由冷噴塗層104形成以密封及保護冷噴塗層104。在冷噴塗層104由鋁形成之實例中,陽極化層108可由Al2
O3
形成。陽極化層108可具有處於自約2密耳至約10密耳範圍中之厚度。在一個實施例中,陽極化製程是草酸(oxalic)或硬陽極化製程。在一個實例中,陽極化製程對約20%與約100%之間的冷噴塗層104進行陽極化以形成陽極化層108。在一個實施例中,陽極化約50%之冷噴塗層104。將在下文中更詳細地描述陽極化製程。
此外,冷噴塗層104在形成之後可具有相對較高的平均表面糙度(例如具有約200微吋之平均表面糙度)。在一個實施例中,在陽極化之前,改變冷噴塗層104之平均表面糙度。例如,可藉由化學機械研磨(chemical mechanical polishing; CMP)或機械研磨或其他適合方法使冷噴塗層104之表面光滑。在一個實例中,改變冷噴塗層104之平均表面糙度以具有處於自約2微吋至約20微吋範圍中之糙度。
第 2 圖
圖示用於製造腔室部件(例如第 1 圖
之部件100)之製造系統200之示例性架構。製造系統200可為用於製造用於半導體製造中之製品之系統,該製品如噴淋頭、陰極套管、套管襯墊門、陰極基座、腔室內襯,或靜電卡盤基座。在一個實施例中,製造系統200包括連接至設備自動化層215之處理設備201。處理設備201可包括冷噴塗佈機203、加熱器204,及/或陽極化器205。製造系統200可進一步包括連接至設備自動化層215之一或更多個計算裝置220。在替代性實施例中,製造系統200可包括更多或更少部件。例如,製造系統200可包括人工操作的(例如離線)處理設備201而無設備自動化層215或計算裝置220。
在一個實施例中,濕式清潔機藉由使用濕式清潔製程清潔製品,在該濕式清潔製程中,將製品浸沒在濕槽中(例如在進行平均表面糙度調整之後或在形成塗層或層之前)。在其他實施例中,替代性類型之清潔機(如乾式清潔機)可用以清潔製品。乾式清潔機可藉由施加熱、藉由施加氣體、藉由施加電漿等等來清潔製品。
冷噴塗佈機203是經配置以將金屬塗層塗覆至製品表面之系統。例如,金屬塗層可由金屬之金屬粉末形成,該金屬如鋁、鋁合金、鈦、鈦合金、鈮、鈮合金、鋯、鋯合金、銅或銅合金。在一個實施例中,冷噴塗佈機203藉由冷噴塗製程在製品上形成鋁塗層,在該製程中,自噴嘴以高速將鋁粉推至製品上,在下文中將更詳細地描述此製程。在此,製品表面可經均勻塗佈,因為製品及/或冷噴塗佈機203之噴嘴可經操縱以獲得均勻的塗層。在一個實施例中,冷噴塗佈機203可具有夾具,該夾具具有卡盤以在塗佈期間固持製品。將在下文中更詳細地描述冷噴塗層之形成。
在一個實施例中,在冷噴塗層形成之後,可在加熱器204中烘焙(或熱處理)製品達某一時段之久。加熱器204可為燃氣爐或電爐。例如,依據塗層與基板材料而定,製品可在約60℃至約1500℃之間的溫度下經熱處理達0.5小時至12小時。此熱處理可在冷噴塗層與製品之間形成反應區或阻障層,此舉可促進冷噴塗層與製品之間的黏合。
在一個實施例中,陽極化器205是經配置以由冷噴塗層形成陽極化層之系統。陽極化器205可包括電流供應器、陽極化槽,及陰極主體。例如,將製品(該製品可為導電製品)浸沒在陽極化槽中。陽極化槽可包括硫酸或草酸。向製品施加電流,以使得製品充當陽極,及陰極主體充當陰極。然後,陽極化層形成於該製品上之冷噴塗層上,此舉將在下文中進行更詳細地描述。
設備自動化層215可使一些或全部製造機器201與計算裝置220、與其他製造機器、與計量工具及/或其他裝置互連。設備自動化層215可包括網路(例如區域網路(location area network; LAN))、路由器、閘道、伺服器、資料儲存器,等等。製造機械201可經由SEMI設備通信標準/通用設備模型(SEMI Equipment Communications Standard/Generic Equipment Model; SECS/GEM)介面、經由乙太網路介面,及/或經由其他介面連接至設備自動化層215。在一個實施例中,設備自動化層215使製程資料(例如,由製造機器201在製程執行期間收集之資料)能夠被儲存在資料儲存器(未圖示)中。在一替代性實施例中,計算裝置220直接連接至製造機器201中之一或更多者。
在一個實施例中,一些或全部製造機器201包括可載入、儲存及執行製程配方之可程式化控制器。可程式化控制器可控制製造機器201之溫度設定、氣體及/或真空設定、時間設定,等等。可程式化控制器可包括主記憶體(例如唯讀記憶體(read-only memory; ROM)、快閃記憶體、動態隨機存取記憶體(dynamic random access memory; DRAM)、靜態隨機存取記憶體(static random access memory; SRAM),等等),及/或次級記憶體(例如資料儲存裝置,如磁碟驅動器)。主記憶體及/或次級記憶體可儲存用於執行本文所述之熱處理製程的指令。
可程式化控制器亦可包括(例如經由匯流排)耦接至主記憶體及/或次級記憶體之處理裝置以執行指令。處理裝置可為通用處理裝置,如微處理器、中央處理單元,或類似物。處理裝置亦可為專用處理裝置,如特殊應用積體電路(application specific integrated circuit; ASIC)、現場可程式化閘極陣列(field programmable gate array; FPGA)、數位信號處理器(digital signal processor; DSP)、網路處理器,等等。在一個實施例中,可程式化控制器是可程式化邏輯控制器(programmable logic controller; PLC)。
第 3 圖
圖示冷噴塗製程製造系統300之示例性架構,該系統用於在製品或基板上形成冷噴塗層。製造系統300包括沉積腔室302,該沉積腔室可包括平臺304(或夾具)以用於安裝基板306。在一個實施例中,基板306可為第 1 圖
之基板102。沉積腔室302中之氣壓可經由真空系統308而降低以避免氧化。包含金屬粉末316(如鋁、鋁合金、鈦、鈦合金、鈮、鈮合金、鋯、鋯合金、銅或銅合金)之粉末腔室310耦接至氣體容器312,該氣體容器包含載氣318以用於推動金屬粉末316。用於將金屬粉末316導引至基板306上以形成冷噴塗層之噴嘴314耦接至粉末腔室310。
基板306可為用於半導體製造之部件。部件可為半導體處理腔室之蝕刻反應器或熱反應器之部件,等等。部件之實例包括噴淋頭、陰極套管、套管襯墊門、陰極基座、腔室襯墊、靜電卡盤基座,等等。基板306可部分或完全由鋁、鋁合金(例如Al 6061、Al 5058,等等)、不銹鋼、鈦、鈦合金、鎂及鎂合金,或用於半導體製造腔室部件中之任何其他導電性材料形成。
在一個實施例中,在冷噴塗層之形成之前可將基板306的表面粗糙化以達到小於約100微吋之平均表面糙度,以改良塗層之附著力。
在塗層之沉積期間,基板306可安裝在沉積腔室302中之平臺304上。平臺304可為可移動平臺(例如電動平臺),該平臺可在一維、二維,或三維中移動,及/或約在一或更多個方向上旋轉/傾斜。由此,平臺304可移動至不同位置以促進利用金屬粉末316對基板306之塗佈,該金屬粉末316在載氣中自噴嘴314被推動。例如,由於經由冷噴塗進行之塗層塗覆是視線製程,因此平臺304可移動以塗佈基板306之不同部分或側面。如若基板306具有需經塗佈之不同側面或具有複雜的幾何尺寸,則平臺304可調整基板306相對於噴嘴314之位置,以便可塗佈整個組件。換言之,噴嘴314可從多個角度及定向選擇性地瞄準基板306之某些部分。在一個實施例中,平臺304亦可具有冷卻或加熱通道以在塗層形成期間調整製品溫度。
在一個實施例中,可藉由使用真空系統308抽空製造系統300之沉積腔室302,以使得沉積腔室302中存在真空。例如,沉積腔室302內之壓力可降低至低於約0.1毫托。在沉積腔室302中提供真空可促進塗層之塗覆。例如,自噴嘴中被推動之金屬粉末316遭遇更少耐受性,因為在沉積腔室302處於真空下時,金屬粉末316行進至基板306。因此,金屬粉末316可以更高速率衝擊基板306,此舉促進基板306之黏附及塗層之形成,及幫助降低諸如鋁之高純度材料之氧化水平。
氣體容器312裝盛增壓載氣318,如氮氣或氬氣。增壓載氣318在壓力下自氣體容器312行進至粉末腔室310。當增壓載氣318從粉末腔室310行進至噴嘴314時,載氣318將一些金屬粉末316推向噴嘴314。在一個實例中,氣壓可處於自約50 Psi至約1000 Psi之範圍中。在一個實例中,鋁粉之氣壓為約500 Psi。在另一實例中,錫粉及鋅粉之氣壓低於約100 Psi。
在一個實施例中,氣體溫度處於自約100℃至約1000℃之範圍中。在另一實例中,氣體溫度處於自約325℃至約500℃之範圍中。在一個實施例中,噴嘴處之氣體溫度處於自約120℃至約200℃之範圍中。衝擊基板306之金屬粉末之溫度可取決於氣體溫度、行進速度及基板306之尺寸。
在一個實施例中,塗層粉末316具有某種流動性。在一個實例中,粒子可具有一直徑,該直徑處於自約1微米至約200微米之範圍中。在一個實例中,粒子可具有一直徑,該直徑處於自約1微米至約50微米之範圍中。
當推動金屬粉末316懸浮物之載氣318從噴嘴314中之開口進入沉積腔室302中時,金屬粉末316被推向基板306。在一個實施例中,載氣318經增壓以使得塗層粉末316以約100 米/秒至約1500 米/秒之速度被推向基板306。例如,塗層粉末可以約300米/秒至約800米/秒之速率被推向基板。
在一個實施例中,噴嘴314經形成為具有耐磨性。由於塗層粉末316以高速度運動穿過噴嘴314,因此噴嘴314可快速磨損及降級。然而,噴嘴314可被形成為一形狀且由一材料形成噴嘴314,以使得磨損被降至最小或減少,及/或噴嘴可被製作為消耗品部件。在一個實施例中,噴嘴直徑可處於自約1毫米至約15毫米之範圍中。在一個實例中,噴嘴直徑可處於自約3毫米至約12毫米之範圍中。例如,用於鋁粉之噴嘴直徑可為約6.3毫米。在一個實施例中,噴嘴間距(亦即自噴嘴314至基板306之距離)可處於自約5毫米至約200毫米之範圍中。例如,噴嘴間距可處於自約10毫米至約50毫米之範圍中。
在衝擊基板306之後,金屬粉末316之粒子由於動能而破裂及變形以產生附著於基板306之錨層。當繼續進行金屬粉末316之塗覆時,粒子藉由與自身黏合而成為冷噴塗層或薄膜。基板306上之冷噴塗層藉由塗層粉末316之粒子在基板306上之連續碰撞而繼續生長。換言之,粒子以高速與彼此及基板機械碰撞,以裂解為更小塊以形成密集層。較為顯著地是,利用冷噴塗,粒子可不熔化及重熔。
在一個實施例中,在對基板306進行塗覆之後,金屬粉末316之粒子保持粒子晶體結構。在一個實施例中,當動能由於粒子在衝擊基板306之後裂解為更小塊而轉化至熱能時,可能發生部分熔化。該等粒子可能變得密集黏合。如文中所提及,金屬粉末在基板306上之溫度可依據氣體溫度、移動速度,及基板306之尺寸(例如熱質量)而定。
在一個實施例中,塗層沉積速率可處於自約1公克/分鐘至約50公克/分鐘之範圍中。例如,鋁粉之塗層沉積速率可處於自約1公克/分鐘至約20公克/分鐘之範圍中。可藉由更慢的饋料及更快的光柵(亦即行進速度)而獲得更密集之塗層。在一個實施例中,效率處於自約10%至約90%之範圍中。例如,效率可處於自約30%至約70%之範圍中。更高溫度及更高氣壓可導致更高的效率。
在一個實施例中,塗層之平均表面糙度可增大(例如藉由珠粒噴擊或打磨)或可降低(例如藉由噴砂或研磨)以獲得處於自約2微吋至約300微吋範圍中之平均表面糙度,在一特定實施例中表面糙度為約120微吋。例如,可利用直徑處於自約20微米至約300微米範圍中之Al2
O3
粒子對塗層進行珠粒噴擊。在一個實例中,粒子可具有一直徑,該直徑處於自約100微米至約150微米之範圍中。在一個實施例中,在平均表面糙度之調整期間,可移除約10%與約50%之間之塗層。然而,製品之平均表面糙度可能已是適合的,因此平均表面糙度調整可是可選的。
不同於經由電漿噴塗之塗層塗覆(該電漿噴塗是在高溫下執行之熱技術),經由一個實施例之冷噴塗層之塗覆可在室溫或近似室溫下執行。例如,依據氣體溫度、移動速度及部件大小而定,冷噴塗層之塗覆可在約15℃至約100℃下執行。在冷噴塗沉積之情況下,基板可能不經加熱,及塗覆製程不顯著提高被塗佈之基板之溫度。
此外,根據實施例之塗層由於凝固收縮而可具有極少或沒有氧化物夾雜及較低孔隙度。
在一個實施例中,冷噴塗層可為非常密集的,例如,大於約99%密度。此外,冷噴塗層在沒有夾層的情況下對於基板可具有優良的附著力,例如鋁塗層之附著力為約4500 Psi。
通常,在粉末與冷噴塗層之間幾乎沒有或沒有熱誘發差異。換言之,粉末中之熱誘發差異等於塗層中熱誘發差異。而且,在冷噴塗佈期間通常對基板或元件之微結構幾乎沒有或沒有損害。此外,冷噴塗佈一般展現高硬度及冷加工微結構。延性塗層材料之重度塑性形變導致較高冷加工量,從而產生對於塗層的機械特性及抗腐蝕特性有益處之極細晶粒結構。
冷噴塗層一般處於壓縮模式中,此模式有助於減少塗層分層,或塗層中之大裂紋或細微裂紋。
在一個實施例中,梯度沉積可用以獲得具有所需機械特性及抗腐蝕特性之複合層。例如,首先沉積鋁層,且銅層沉積在鋁層頂部上。
在一個實施例中,經塗佈基板306可經受後塗佈製程。後清潔製程可為熱處理,此製程可進一步控制塗層與基板之間的塗層介面以改良附著力及/或產生阻障層或反應區。在一個實施例中,塗佈基板可經加熱至一溫度達約30分鐘以上之久,該溫度處於自約200℃至約1450℃之範圍中。例如,Y層可經加熱至約750℃以將Y層表面氧化成Y2
O3
,由此改良耐腐蝕性。
在一個實施例中,塗層與基板之間的阻障層或反應區之形成阻止滲透塗層之製程化學品與該塗層下基板之反應。此舉可將分層之發生率降至最少。反應區可增大陶瓷塗層之附著強度,及可將剝落情況降至最低。例如,阻障層可為在兩種材料之間形成的金屬間化合物或固溶體區域,如鋁層與鈦層之間的AlTi金屬間化合物或固溶體。
反應區以一速率生長,該速率依據溫度及時間而定。隨著溫度增高及熱處理歷時增長,反應區之厚度亦增加。由此,應選擇用以對部件進行熱處理之一或更多個溫度及歷時以形成厚度不超過約5微米之反應區。在一個實施例中,溫度及歷時經選定以使約0.1微米至約5微米之反應區形成。在一個實施例中,反應區具有足以在處理期間防止氣體與陶瓷基板發生反應之最小厚度(例如約0.1微米)。在一個實施例中,阻障層具有1至2微米之目標厚度。
第 4 圖
圖示根據一個實施例用於陽極化製品403以由冷噴塗層409形成陽極化層411之製程400。例如,製品403可為第 1 圖
之基板102。陽極化變更製品403之表面之微觀紋理。由此,第 4 圖
僅以說明為目的,及可能並非按比例繪製。在陽極化製程之前,可在硝酸槽中清潔製品403。在陽極化之前,可執行清潔以脫氧。
將具有冷噴塗層409之製品403連同陰極主體405一起浸沒至陽極化槽401中。陽極化槽可包括酸性溶液。用於陽極化鋁塗層之陰極主體之實例包括諸如Al6061及Al3003之鋁合金,及碳主體。陽極化層411藉由以下方式在製品403上由冷噴塗層409生長:經由電流供應器407使電流經過電解溶液或酸性溶液,其中製品403為陽極(正電極)。電流供應器407可為電池或其他供應器。電流在陰極主體405(負電極)處釋放氫氣及在冷噴塗層409表面處釋放氧氣以在冷噴塗層409上方形成陽極化層411。在鋁冷噴塗層409之情況下,陽極化層是氧化鋁。在一個實施例中,使用多種溶液賦能陽極化之電壓可處於自1伏特至300伏特之範圍中。在一個實施例中,電壓範圍為自15伏特至21伏特。陽極化電流隨經陽極化之鋁主體405之面積而改變,及陽極化電流之範圍可自30安培/平方米至300安培/平方米(2.8安培/平方呎至28安培/平方呎)。
酸性溶液溶解(亦即消耗或轉化)冷噴塗層409之表面以形成小孔層(例如圓柱形奈米孔)。陽極化層411繼續由此奈米孔層生長。奈米孔可具有一直徑,該直徑處於自約10奈米至約50奈米之範圍中。在一個實施例中,奈米孔具有約30奈米之平均直徑。
酸性溶液可為草酸、硫酸、草酸及硫酸之組合。對於草酸而言,製品消耗與陽極化層生長之比率為約1:1。電解液濃度、酸度、溶液溫度及電流經控制以由冷噴塗層409形成一致的氧化鋁陽極化層411。在一個實施例中,陽極化層411可生長以具有一厚度,該厚度處於自約300奈米至約200微米之範圍中。在一個實施例中,陽極化層之形成消耗冷噴塗層之一百分比,該百分比處於自約5%至約100%之範圍中。在一個實例中,陽極化層的形成消耗約50%之冷噴塗層。
在一個實施例中,電流密度初始較高(大於99%)以生長陽極化層之極為密集(大於99%)之阻障層部分,然後,降低電流密度以在陽極化層中生長多孔的柱狀層部分。在草酸用以形成陽極化層之一個實施例中,孔隙率處於自約40%至約50%之範圍中,及小孔具有一直徑,該直徑處於自約10奈米至約50奈米之範圍中。
在一個實施例中,陽極化層之平均表面糙度(Ra)處於自約15微吋至約300微吋之範圍中,此平均表面糙度可類似於製品之初始糙度。在一個實施例中,平均表面糙度為約120微吋。
表A顯示用以偵測Al6061製品中及Al6061製品上之陽極化冷噴塗高純度鋁塗層中之金屬雜質之感應耦合電漿質譜分析(Induction Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy; ICP - MS)之結果。在此實例中,Al6061製品上之陽極化冷噴塗高純度鋁塗層顯示與無塗層之6061鋁部件相比顯著減少之微量金屬污染。
第 5 圖
是一流程圖,該圖圖示依據本揭示案之實施例用於製造塗佈部件之方法500。方法500可藉由使用第 2 圖
之製造系統200執行。
在方塊502中,提供用於半導體製造環境中之部件。例如,部件可為基板,如上所述,如噴淋頭、陰極套管、套管襯墊門、陰極基座、腔室襯墊、靜電卡盤基座,等等。例如,基板可由鋁、鋁合金(例如鋁6061、鋁5058,等等)、不銹鋼、鈦、鈦合金、鎂,及鎂合金形成。
在方塊504中,將部件載入沉積腔室中。沉積腔室可為上述沉積腔室302。
在方塊506中,藉由將奈米粒子金屬粉末噴塗在部件上來將冷噴塗層塗佈在部件上,其中冷噴塗層可具有一厚度,該厚度處於自約0.5毫米至約2毫米之範圍中。例如,金屬粉末可包括鋁(例如,高純度鋁)、鋁合金、鈦、鈦合金、鈮、鈮合金、鋯、鋯合金、銅或銅合金。金屬粉末可懸浮在如氮氣或氬氣之氣體中。
在方塊508中,該方法進一步包括根據一個實施例對經塗佈部件進行熱處理以在部件與塗層之間形成反應區或阻障層。例如,經塗佈部件可經加熱至1450℃達30分鐘以上之久。
在方塊510中,該方法進一步包括根據一個實施例製備部件表面。例如,冷噴塗層可具有不理想的平均表面糙度。由此,可使冷噴塗層之平均表面糙度光滑以降低平均表面糙度(例如藉由研磨)或經粗糙化以增大平均表面糙度(例如藉由珠粒噴擊或打磨)。
在方塊512中,冷噴塗層經陽極化以形成陽極化層。在冷噴塗層是鋁之實例中,陽極化層可為氧化鋁,且陽極化層之形成可消耗冷噴塗層之一百分數,該百分數處於自約5%至約100%之範圍中。
先前描述介紹諸如具體系統、部件、方法等等之實例之多個特定細節,以便提供對本揭示案之數個實施例之良好理解。然而,熟習該項技術者將顯而易見,本揭示案之至少一些實施例可在沒有該等特定細節之情況下得以實施。在其他實例中,眾所熟知之部件或方法不進行詳細描述或,在僅以簡單的方塊圖格式展示,以避免不必要地使本揭示案模糊不清。由此,所介紹之特定細節僅具有示例性。特定實施方式可與該等示例性細節有所不同,及仍被視為在本揭示案之範疇內。
本說明書全文中對「一個實施例」或「一實施例」之引用意謂結合該實施例描述之特定特徵、結構或特性被包括在至少一個實施例中。由此,詞組「在一個實施例中」或「在一實施例中」在本說明書全文中多處出現並非必定全部指示同一實施例。此外,術語「或」旨在意謂包含性「或」而非排他性「或」。
儘管以特定次序圖示及描述本文中之方法之操作,但每一方法之操作次序可經改變以使得某些操作可以倒序方式執行,或使得某些操作可至少部分地與其他操作同時執行。在另一實施例中,不同操作之指令或次操作可以間歇性及/或交替方式執行。
將理解,上述描述旨在說明,而非限制。熟習該項技術者在閱讀及理解上述描述之後將對許多其他實施例顯而易見。因此,將藉由參考所附之申請專利範圍及該等申請專利範圍具有權利之同等內容之完全範疇而決定本揭示案之範疇。
100‧‧‧部件
102‧‧‧基板
104‧‧‧冷噴塗層
106‧‧‧反應區
108‧‧‧陽極化層
200‧‧‧製造系統
201‧‧‧處理設備
203‧‧‧冷噴塗佈機
204‧‧‧加熱器
205‧‧‧陽極化器
215‧‧‧設備自動化層
220‧‧‧計算裝置
300‧‧‧冷噴塗製程製造系統
302‧‧‧沉積腔室
304‧‧‧平臺
306‧‧‧基板
308‧‧‧真空系統
310‧‧‧粉末腔室
312‧‧‧氣體容器
314‧‧‧噴嘴
316‧‧‧金屬粉末
318‧‧‧載氣
400‧‧‧製程
401‧‧‧陽極化槽
403‧‧‧製品
405‧‧‧陰極主體
407‧‧‧電流供應器
409‧‧‧冷噴塗層
411‧‧‧陽極化層
500‧‧‧方法
502~512‧‧‧步驟
本揭示案藉由實例而非限制之方式在附圖之圖式中進行說明,在該等附圖中,類似元件符號指示類似元件。應注意,本揭示案中對「一」或「一個」實施例之不同引用並非必定為同一實施例,及此引用意謂至少一個實施例。
第 1 圖
圖示依據本發明之一個實施例之基板上之塗層;
第 2 圖
是依據本發明之一個實施例之製造系統的示例性架構;
第 3 圖
圖示依據本發明之一個實施例之將塗層塗覆至基板之製程;
第 4 圖
圖圖示依據本發明之一個實施例使基板上之塗層陽極化之製程;及
第 5 圖
圖示依據本發明之一個實施例在基板上形成塗層之方法。
國內寄存資訊 (請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記) 無
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Claims (20)
- 一種方法,該方法包括以下步驟: 形成一塗層於一製品上;以及陽極化該塗層以形成一陽極化層,該陽極化層包含複數個圓柱形奈米孔,該等圓柱形奈米孔具有約10至50奈米的一直徑,其中陽極化該塗層包含: 在開始該陽極化期間,形成該陽極化層的一低孔隙率層部分;以及 在剩餘的該陽極化期間,形成該陽極化層的一多孔的柱狀層部分,該多孔的柱狀層部分包含具有約10至50奈米的該直徑的該等複數個圓柱形奈米孔。
- 如請求項1所述之方法,其中該低孔隙率層部分具有大於約99%的一密度。
- 如請求項1所述之方法,其中該低孔隙率層部分具有小於約40至50%的一孔隙率,且其中該多孔的柱狀層部分包含該等複數個圓柱形奈米孔且具有約40至50%的一孔隙率。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之方法,其中形成該塗層包含:冷噴塗佈一金屬粉末至該製品上。
- 如請求項4所述之方法,其中該陽極化層具有約2至10密耳的一厚度。
- 如請求項5所述之方法,其中形成該陽極化層的該低孔隙率層部分包含施加一第一電流密度,以及其中形成該陽極化層的該多孔的柱狀層部分包含施加一第二電流密度,該第二電流密度低於該第一電流密度。
- 如請求項4所述之方法,其中在具有低於約0.1mTorr的一壓力的一真空中執行該冷噴塗佈,且其中該金屬粉末顆粒具有約1至50微米的一直徑。
- 如請求項4所述之方法,其中該金屬粉末包含一第一金屬與一第二金屬的一混合物,且其中執行該冷噴塗佈包含調整該第一金屬與該第二金屬的一百分比,以使該塗層具有該第一金屬與該第二金屬的一梯度。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之方法,進一步包含執行該塗層的化學機械研磨(CMP),以在陽極化該塗層之前,使該塗層具有小於約20微吋之一平均表面糙度,其中該塗層具有約0.1毫米至約4毫米的一範圍中的一厚度。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之方法,進一步包含: 藉由加熱該製品與該塗層至約200℃至約1450℃的一範圍中的一溫度達約30分鐘以上,而在該製品與該塗層之間形成一阻障層,其中該阻障層具有約0.5至5.0微米的一厚度。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之方法,其中: 該製品包含以下各者中之至少一者:鋁、一鋁合 金、不銹鋼、鈦、一鈦合金、鎂或一鎂合金;以及 該塗層包含以下各者中之至少一者:鋁、一鋁合金、銅、一銅合金、鈦、一鈦合金、鈮、一鈮合金、鋯或一鋯合金。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之方法,其中該等複數個圓柱形奈米孔的該厚度與該直徑的一深寬比為約1000:1至約25000:1,且其中消耗約1至50%的該塗層以形成該陽極化層。
- 一種製品,包括用於一製造腔室中的一部件、在該部件的一表面上的一塗層以及在該塗層上的 一陽極化層,該製品由包含以下步驟的一製程所製造: 冷噴塗佈一金屬粉末至該部件的該表面上;以及 陽極化該塗層以形成該陽極化層,該陽極化層具有約2至10密耳的一厚度,其中該陽極化層包含複數個圓柱形奈米孔,該複數個圓柱形奈米孔具有約10至50奈米的一直徑,其中該陽極化層的至少一部分具有約40至50%的一孔隙率,且其中陽極化該塗層包含: 在開始該陽極化期間施加一第一電流密度,以形成該陽極化層的一低孔隙率層部分,該低孔隙率層部分具有小於約40至50%的一孔隙率;以及 在剩餘的該陽極化期間施加一第二電流密度,以形成該陽極化層的一多孔的柱狀層部分,該第二電流密度低於該第一電流密度,該多孔的柱狀層部分包含該等複數個圓柱形奈米孔且具有約40至50%的一孔隙率。
- 一種製品,包含: 一部件,用於一製造腔室中; 一塗層,在該部件上;以及 一陽極化層,形成在該塗層上,其中該陽極化層包含一低孔隙率層部分與一多孔的柱狀層部分,該多孔的柱狀層部分具有比該低孔隙率層部分高的一孔隙率且包含複數個圓柱形奈米孔,該複數個圓柱形奈米孔具有約10至50奈米的一直徑。
- 如請求項14所述之製品,其中該低孔隙率層部分具有大於99%的一密度。
- 如請求項14所述之製品,其中該多孔的柱狀層部分具有約40至50%的一孔隙率。
- 如請求項14至16中任一項所述之製品,其中該塗層具有小於約20微吋之一平均表面糙度,且該塗層具有約0.2至5.0毫米的一厚度,且該塗層沒有氧化物夾雜。
- 如請求項14至16中任一項所述之製品,其中該製品進一步包含在該部件與該塗層之間的一阻障層,其中該阻障層具有約0.1至5.0微米的一範圍中的一厚度。
- 如請求項14至16中任一項所述之製品,其中: 該部件包含以下各者中之至少一者:鋁、一鋁合金、 不銹鋼、鈦、一鈦合金、鎂或一鎂合金;以及 該塗層包含:鋁、一鋁合金、鈦、一鈦合金、鈮、一鈮合金、鋯、一鋯合金、銅或一銅合金。
- 如請求項14至16中任一項所述之製品,其中該塗層為冷噴塗佈,且其中該陽極化層具有約2密耳至約10密耳的一厚度。
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WO2015073456A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
KR20160084386A (ko) | 2016-07-13 |
CN109989057A (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
CN109989058A (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
US20190194817A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
US20180105938A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
CN105723503B (zh) | 2019-05-10 |
US20150132602A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
TWI659127B (zh) | 2019-05-11 |
US20170247795A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
US9879348B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
JP2020007643A (ja) | 2020-01-16 |
CN105723503A (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
US9663870B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
JP2016537506A (ja) | 2016-12-01 |
TW201837244A (zh) | 2018-10-16 |
TWI714045B (zh) | 2020-12-21 |
TW201522717A (zh) | 2015-06-16 |
JP6581978B2 (ja) | 2019-09-25 |
US10260160B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 |
TWI633209B (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
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