NO325696B1 - Tyrosinkinaseinhibitorer, farmasoytisk preparat inneholdende disse forbindelser, og anvendelse derav. - Google Patents
Tyrosinkinaseinhibitorer, farmasoytisk preparat inneholdende disse forbindelser, og anvendelse derav. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO325696B1 NO325696B1 NO20021820A NO20021820A NO325696B1 NO 325696 B1 NO325696 B1 NO 325696B1 NO 20021820 A NO20021820 A NO 20021820A NO 20021820 A NO20021820 A NO 20021820A NO 325696 B1 NO325696 B1 NO 325696B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- indol
- quinolinyl
- quinolinone
- mmol
- oxo
- Prior art date
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Description
BAKGRUNN FOR OPPFINNELSEN
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår forbindelser som inhiberer, regulerer og/eller modulerer tyrosinkinase-signaltransduksjon, preparater som inneholder disse forbindelser og anvendelse av disse for fremstilling av et medikament for behandling av tyrosinkinase-avhengige sykdommer og tilstander, som angiogenese, kreft, tumorvekst, aterosklerose, aldersrelatert, makular degenerering, diabetisk retinopati, inflammatoriske sykdommer og lignende hos pattedyr.
Tyrosinkinaser er en klasse enzymer som katalyserer overføringen av det terminale fosfat av adenosintrifosfat til tyrosinrester i proteinsubstrater. Tyrosinkinaser er antatt, ved hjelp av substratfosforylering, å spille kritiske roller ved signaltransduksjon for en rekke cellefunksjoner. Selv om den eksakte mekanisme for signaltransduksjon fortsatt er uklar, er tyrosinkinaser blitt vist å være viktige bidragsfaktorer ved celleproliferering, karsinogenese og celledifferensiering.
Tyrosinkinaser kan kategoriseres som reseptortype eller ikke-reseptortype. Tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen har en ekstracellulær, en transmembran- og en intracellulær del, mens tyrosinkinaser av ikke-reseptortypen er fullt ut intracellulære.
Tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen er sammensatt av et stort antall transmembranreseptorer med forskjellig biologisk aktivitet. Faktisk er det blitt identifisert omtrent tyve forskjellige underfamilier av tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen. Én underfamilie av tyrosinkinase, betegnet HER-underfamilien, omfatter EGFR, HER2, HER3 og HER4. Ligander av denne underfamilie av reseptorer innbefatter epitelvekstfaktor, TGF-a, amfiregulin, HB-EGF, betacellulin og heregulin. En annen underfamilie av disse tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen er insulinunderfamilien, som innbefatter INS-R, IGF-IR og IR-R. PDGF-underfamilien innbefatter PDGF-a- og p-reseptorene, CSFIR, c-kit og FLK-II. Deretter foreligger FLK-familien som er omfattet av kinase-innskudds-domenereseptor (KDR), føtal leverkinase-1 (FLK-1), føtal leverkinase-4 (FLK-4) og den fms-lignende tyrosinkinase-1 (flt-1). PDGF- og FLK-familiene ses vanligvis sammen på grunn av likhetene mellom de to grupper. For en detaljert diskusjon av tyrosinkinasene av reseptortypen, se Plowman et al., DN&P 7(6):334-339, 1994, som herved er inkorporert ved referanse.
Tyrosinkinasene av ikke-reseptortypen omfatter også utallige underfamilier, innbefattende Src, Frk, Btk, Csk, Abl, Zap70, Fes/Fps, Fak, Jak, Ack og LIMK. Hver av disse underfamilier er ytterligere inndelt i forskjellige reseptorer. Eksempelvis er Src-underfamilien én av de største og innbefatter Src, Yes, Fyn, Lyn, Lek, Blk, Hek, Fgr og Yrk. Src-underfamilien av enzymer er blitt forbundet med onkogenese. For en mer detaljert diskusjon av tyrosinkinasene av ikke-reseptortypen, se Bolen, Oncogene, 8:2025-2031 (1993), som herved er inkorporert ved referanse.
Både tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen og ikke-reseptortypen er involvert i cellulære signalbaner som fører til utallige patogene tilstander, innbefattende kreft, psoriasis og hyper-immunresponser.
Flere tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen, og vekstfak-torene som binder seg til disse, er blitt antydet å spille en rolle ved angiogenese, skjønt enkelte kan aktivere angiogenese indirekte (Mustonen og Alitalo, J. Cell. Biol. 129:895-898, 1995). Én slik tyrosinkinase av reseptortypen er føtal leverkinase 1 eller FLK-1. Den humane analog av FLK-1 er den kinase-innskuddsdomeneholdige reseptor KDR, som også er kjent som vaskulær endotelialcellevekstfaktorreseptor 2 eller VEGFR-2, fordi den binder VEGF med høy affinitet. Sluttelig er den murine versjon av denne reseptor også blitt kalt NYK (Oelrichs et al., Oncogene 8(1):11-15, 1993). VEGF og KDR er et ligand-reseptorpar som spiller en viktig rolle ved proliferering av vaskulære endotelialceller, og dannelsen og veksten av blodkar, betegnet henholdsvis vaskulogenese og angiogenese.
Angiogenese kjennetegnes ved overdreven aktivitet av vaskulær endotelialvekstfaktor (VEGF). VEGF er omfattet av en familie av ligander (Klagsburn og D'Amore, Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 7:259-270, 1996). VEGF binder den omspennende høyaffinitets-tyrosinkinasereseptor KDR og den beslektede fms-lignende tyrosinkinase-1, også kjent som Flt-1 eller vaskulær endotelialcellevekstfaktorreseptor 1 (VEGFR-1). Cellekultur- og genutslagningsforsøk viser at hver reseptor bidrar til forskjellige aspekter av angiogenese. KDR formidler den mitogene funksjon av VEGF, mens Flt-1 synes å modulere ikke-mitogene funksjoner som dem forbundet med cellulær adhesjon. Inhibering av KDR modulerer således nivået av mitogen VEGF-aktivitet. Faktisk har tumorvekst vist seg å være ømfintlig overfor de antiangiogene virkninger av VEGF-reseptorantagonister (Kim et al., Nature 362, s. 841-844, 1993).
Faste tumorer kan derfor behandles med tyrosinkinaseinhibitorer, fordi disse tumorer avhenger av angiogenese for dannelsen av de blodkar som er nødvendige for å understøtte veksten av disse. Disse faste tumorer innbefatter histiocytisk lymfom, kreft i hjernen, genitourinartraktus, lymfesystemet, magen, strupen og lungene, innbefattende adenokarsinom i lungene og kreft i lungenes små celler. Ytterligere eksempler innbefatter kreft hvor overekspresjon eller aktivering av Raf-aktiverende onkogener (f.eks. K-ras, erb-B) iakttas. Slike krefttyper innbefatter pankreatisk og brystkarsinom. Følgelig er inhibitorer av disse tyrosinkinaser nyttige for å hindre og behandle proliferative sykdommer som er avhengige av disse enzymer.
Den angiogene aktivitet av VEGF er ikke begrenset til tumorer. VEGF står for mesteparten av den angiogene aktivitet som oppstår i eller nær retina ved diabetisk retinopati. Denne vaskulære vekst i retina fører til visuell degenerering som kulminerer i blindhet. Okulart VEGF mRNA og protein er forhøyet ved tilstander som retinal veneokklusjon hos primater og nedsatte pC>2-nivåer hos mus, som fører til neovaskularisering. Intra-okulare injeksjoner av anti-VEGF-monoklonale antistoffer eller VEGF-reseptor-immunofusjoner inhiberer okular neovaskularisering i både primat- og gnager-modeller. Uansett årsaken til frem-kallelse av VEGF ved diabetisk retinopati hos mennesker er inhibering av okulart VEGF nyttig ved behandling av sykdommen.
Ekspresjon av VEGF er også signifikant forøkt i hypoksiske regioner av animalske og humane tumorer tilstøtende områder med nekrose. VEGF oppreguleres også ved ekspresjon av onkogenene ras, raf, src og mutant p53 (som alle er relevante med hensyn til å rettes mot kreft). Monoklonale anti-VEGF-antistoffer inhiberer veksten av humane tumorer hos nakne mus. Skjønt disse samme tumorceller fortsetter å uttrykke VEGF i kultur, nedsetter ikke antistoffene deres mitotiske grad. Således virker ikke tumoravledet VEGF som en autokrin, mitogen faktor. Derfor bidrar VEGF til tumorvekst in vivo ved aktivering av angiogenese gjennom-dets parakrine, vaskulære endotelialcelle-kjemotaktiske og -mitogene aktiviteter. Disse monoklonale antistoffer inhiberer også veksten av typisk mindre godt vaskulariserte, humane tykk-tarmskrefttyper hos atymiske mus og nedsetter antallet tumorer som oppstår fra inokulerte celler.
Viral ekspresjon av et VEGF-bindende konstrukt av Flk-1, Flt-1, homologen til KDR-reseptoren hos mus, avskåret for å eliminere de cytoplasmiske tyrosinkinasedomener, men med bibe-holdelse av et membrananker, ødelegger virkelig veksten av en transplanterbar glioblastom hos mus, sannsynligvis ved den dominerende negative mekanisme av heterodimerdannelse med membranomspennende endotelialcelle-VEGF-reseptorer. Embryoniske stamceller, som normalt vokser som faste tumorer hos nakne mus, danner ikke påvisbare tumorer dersom begge VEGF-alleler er slått ut. Sammenfatningsvis indikerer disse data rollen til VEGF i forbindelse med vekst av faste tumorer. Inhibering av KDR eller Flt-1 er involvert i patologisk angiogenese, og disse reseptorer er nyttige ved behandling av sykdommer hvori angiogenese utgjør en. del av den totale patologi, f.eks., inflammasjon, diabetisk retinal vaskularisering, så vel som■forskjellige kreftformer, fordi tumorvekst er kjent for å være avhengig av angiogenese (Weidner et al., N. Engl. J. Med., 324, s. 1-8, 1991).
Følgelig er identifisering av små forbindelser som spesifikt inhiberer, regulerer og/eller modulerer tyrosinkinasers signaloverføring, ønskelig og er et mål med foreliggende oppfinnelse.
SAMMENDRAG AV OPPFINNELSEN
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår forbindelser som er i stand til å inhibere, modulere og/eller regulere signaltransduk-sjonen fra både tyrosinkinaser av reseptortypen og tyrosinkinaser av ikke-reseptortypen. Én utførelsesform av foreliggende oppfinnelse er illustrert ved en forbindelse av formel I og de farmasøytisk akseptable salter og stereoisomerer derav:
DETALJERT BESKRIVELSE AV OPPFINNELSEN
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen er kjennetegnet ved formel I
eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt eller stereoisomer derav, hvori Z er en usubstituert lH-2-kinolon-3-yl-gruppe av formel
R<4>er valgt fra en gruppe
1. (0) b-Ci-io-alkyl-heterosyklyl; 2. (0)b-Ci-io-alkyl-NR<7>R8; 3. C(0)-heterosyklyl; 4 . 0-Ci_io-alkyl-C (0) -heterosyklyl; 5 . Ci-io-alkyl-NH-C (0) -heterosyklyl ; 6. NH-C(0)-heterosyklyl;
der
b er et helt tall 0 eller 1;
heterosyklyl er valgt fra piperazino, piperidino,
pyrrolidino, morfolino eller 1,1-dioksotiomorfo-lino som eventuelt er substituert med Ci-io-alkyl, karboksy, Ci-io-alkylsulfonyl, Ci_i0-alkylkarbonyl eller amino, eller heterosyklyl kan være en pyrrolidinylgruppe substituert med to substituenter uavhengig valgt fra Ci_i0-alkoksy og 2-metyl-pyrimidinyl-5-ylmetyl ;
R<7>er valgt fra H, C3_8-sykloalkyl eller 2-metoksy-pyrimidin-4-ylmetyl;
R<8>er valgt fra Ci_io-alkoksyCi-i0-alkyl;
R<3>og R<5>er H; t er 1.
En foretrukket utførelsesform er en forbindelse valgt fra 3-{5-[3-(4-metylpiperazin-l-yl)propoksy]-lH-indol-2-yl}-lH-kinolin-2-on;
3-(5-{2-[(2-metoksyetyl)amino]etoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H) - kinolinon;
3-[5-(2-{(2-metoksyetyl)[(2-metoksy-5-pyrimidinyl)metyl]amino}-etoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon;
3- [5- ({ (2S, 4R) -4-metoksy-l-r [ (2-metyl-5-pyrimidinyl) metyl] pyrro-lidinyljmetoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon; 1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyreetylester;
1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyre;
3-[5-(4-metansulfonylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-1H-kinolin-2-on;
3-[5-(4-metansulfonyl-l-oksypiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-lH-kinolin-2-on;
3-[5-(4-acetylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-lH-kinolin-2-on;
3-[5-(1-piperazinylkarbonyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[(4-metyl-l-piperazinyl)karbonyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H) - kinolinon; l-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]karbonyl}-4-piperidinaminiumtrifluoracetat;
1-({[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-acetyl)piperazin-4-iumtrifluoracetat;
3—{5—[2-(1,l-dioksido-4-tiomorfolinyl)-2-oksoetoksy]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon;
N-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]metyl}-4-piperidinkarboksamid;
3-{5-[l-(4-morfolinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[1-(4-acetyl-l-piperazinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H) - kinolinon;
3- (5-{1-[4-(metylsulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]etyl}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon;
4- amino-N-[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]-1-piperidinkarboksamid og
4-amino-N-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]metyl}-l-piperidinkarboksamid, eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt eller stereoisomer derav.
Også innbefattet innen rammen av foreliggende oppfinnelse er et farmasøytisk preparat som er omfattet av en forbindelse av formel I som beskrevet ovenfor og en farmasøytisk akseptabel bærer. En metode for å behandle eller forhindre kreft hos et pattedyr som har behov for slik behandling, omfatter administrering til angitte pattedyr av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I. Foretrukne kreftformer for behandling er valgt fra kreft i hjernen, genitourintrakten, lymfesystemet, magen, strupen og lungene. Et annet sett av foretrukne kreftformer er histiocytisk lymfom, lungeadenokarsinom, kreft i lungenes små celler, kreft i bukspyttkjertelen, glioblastomer og brystkarsinom.
Innbefattet er også en metode for å behandle eller forhindre en sykdom som impliserer angiogenese, som omfatter administrering til et pattedyr som trenger slik behandling, av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I. Slike sykdommer som impliserer angiogenese, er okulare sykdommer som f.eks. retinal vaskularisering, diabetisk retinopati, aldersrelatert makular degenerering og lignende.
Også innbefattet er en metode for å behandle eller forhindre inflammasjonssykdommer, som omfatter administrering til et pattedyr som trenger slik behandling, av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I. Eksempler, på slike inflammasjonssykdommer er reumatoid artritt, psoriasis, kontaktdermatitt, forsinkede hypersensitivitetsreaksjoner og lignende.
Også innbefattet er en metode for å behandle eller forhindre en tyrosinkinase-avhengig sykdom eller tilstand hos et pattedyr, som omfatter administrering til en pattedyrpasient som trenger slik behandling, av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I. Den terapeutiske mengde varierer etter den spesifikke sykdom og hører til fagmannens kunnskap uten unødig eksperimentering.
En metode for å behandle eller forhindre retinal vaskularisering omfatter administrering til et pattedyr som trenger slik behandling, av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I. Metoder for å behandle eller forhindre okulare sykdommer, slik som diabetisk retinopati og aldersrelatert makular degenerering, er også anvendbare. Også innbefattet er en metode for å behandle eller forhindre inflammasjonssykdommer, slik som reumatoid artritt, psoriasis, kontaktdermatitt og forsinkede hypersensitivitetsreaksjoner, samt for å behandle eller forhindre benassosierte patologier valgt fra osteosarkom, osteoartritt og rakitt.
Forbindelsene kan også anvendes i kombinasjon med en andre forbindelse valgt fra:
1) en østrogenreseptormodulator,
2) en androgenreseptormodulator,
3) retinoidreseptormodulator,
4) et cytotoksisk middel,
5) et antiproliferativt middel,
6) en prenyl-proteintransferaseinhibitor,
7) en HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitor,
8) en HIV-proteaseinhibitor,
9) en revers transkriptaseinhibitor, og
10) en annen angiogeneseinhibitor.
Foretrukne angiogeneseinhibitorer er valgt fra gruppen bestående av en tyrosinkinaseinhibitor, en inhibitor av epidermalavledet vekstfaktor, en inhibitor av fibroblastavledet vekstfaktor, en inhibitor av blodplateavledet vekstfaktor, en- MMP- (matriks-metalloprotease) inhibitor, en integrinblokker, interferon-a, interleukin-12, pentosanpolysulfat, en syklooksygenaseinhibitor, karboksyamidotriazol, kombretastatin A-4, skvalamin, 6-0-klor- acetylkarbonyl-fumagillol, thalidomid, angiostatin, troponin-1, og et antistoff for VEGF. Foretrukne østrogenreseptormodulatorer er tamoxifen og raloxifen.
En utførelsesform er en metode for behandling av kreft, omfattende administrering av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av en forbindelse av formel I i kombinasjon med paclitaxel eller trastuzumab.
"Tyrosinkinase-avhengige sykdommer eller tilstander" refererer til patologiske tilstander som avhenger av aktiviteten av én eller flere tyrosinkinaser. Tyrosinkinaser deltar enten direkte eller indirekte i signaltransduksjonsveiene i mange forskjellige celleaktiviteter, innbefattende proliferering, adhesjon og migrering, og differensiering. Sykdommer forbundet med tyrosinkinaseaktiviteter, innbefatter proliferering av tumorceller, den patologiske neovaskularisering som understøtter vekst av faste tumorer, okular neovaskularisering (diabetisk retinopati, aldersrelatert makular degenerering og lignende) og inflammasjon (psoriasis, reumatoid artritt og lignende).
Forbindelsene ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse kan ha asymmetriske sentre, kirale akser og kirale plan (som beskrevet i: E.L. Eliel og S.H. Wilen, Stereo.chemistry of Carbon Compounds, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1994, sider 1119-1190), og forekommer som racemater, racemiske blandinger og som individuelle diastereomerer, med alle mulige isomerer og blandinger derav, innbefattende optiske isomerer, som er innbefattet innen rammen av oppfinnelsen. I tillegg kan de her beskrevne forbindelser foreligge som tautomerer, og begge tautomere former er beregnet på å være omfattet innenfor rammen av oppfinnelsen, skjønt bare én tautomer struktur er vist. Eksempelvis skal ethvert krav på forbindelse A nedenfor anses å innbefatte tautomer struktur B, og vice versa, så vel som blandinger derav.
Når enhver variabel (f.eks. R<4>, R<6>, R6a,etc.) forekommer mer enn én gang i enhver bestanddel, er dens definisjon ved hver forekomst uavhengig ved hver annen forekomst. Også kombinasjoner av substituenter og variabler er kun tillatelige dersom slike kombinasjoner resulterer i stabile forbindelser. Linjer som er trukket inn i ringsystemene fra substituenter, angir at den viste binding kan være festet til ethvert av de substituerbare ringatomer. Dersom ringsystemet er polysyklisk, er det beregnet at bindingen er festet til ethvert av de egnede karbonatomer på bare den proksimale ring.
De farmasøytisk akseptable salter av forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen innbefatter de konvensjonelle ikke-toksiske salter av forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen som dannet med uorganiske eller organiske syrer. Eksempelvis innbefatter konvensjonelle, ikke-toksiske salter de som er avledet fra uorganiske syrer slik som saltsyre, hydrobromsyre, svovelsyre, sulfaminsyre, fosforsyre, salpetersyre, og lignende, så vel som salter fremstilt fra organiske syrer som eddiksyre, propionsyre, ravsyre, glykolsyre, stearinsyre, melkesyre, eplesyre, vinsyre, sitronsyre, askorbinsyre, pamoinsyre, maleinsyre, hydroksy-maleinsyre, fenyleddiksyre, glutaminsyre, benzosyre, salisylsyre, sulfanilsyre, 2-acetoksybenzosyre, fumarsyre, tpluensulfonsyre, metansulfonsyre, etandisulfonsyre, oksalsyre, isetionsyre, trifluoreddiksyre og lignende.
De farmasøytisk akseptable salter av forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan syntetiseres fra de forbindelser ifølge oppfinnelsen som inneholder en basisk eller sur gruppe ved konvensjonelle kjemiske metoder. Generelt fremstilles saltene av de basiske forbindelser enten ved ionebytterkromatografi eller ved omsetning av den frie base med støkiometriske mengder eller med et overskudd av den ønskede saltdannende uorganiske eller organiske syre i et egnet løsningsmiddel eller i forskjellige kombinasjoner av løsningsmidler. På lignende måte dannes saltene av de sure forbindelser ved omsetning med den! egnede uorganiske eller organiske base.
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan fremstilles ved anvendelse av reaksjoner vist i de etterfølgende skjemaer, i tillegg til andre standardmanipuleringer som er kjent i litteraturen, eller som er eksemplifisert i de eksperimentelle prose dyrer. Disse skjemaer er derfor ikke begrenset av de angitte forbindelser eller av noen spesiell substituent anvendt for illustrative formål. Substituentnummereringen som er vist i skjemaene, overensstemmer ikke nødvendigvis med den anvendt i kravene.
Reaksjonsskjemaer
Som vist i reaksjonsskjema A, kan kinolinreagens A-2 syntetiseres ved de generelle prosedyrer som er beskrevet i Marsais, F.; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G.J., Heterocyclic Chem. 1989, 26, 1589-1594. Derivater med varierende substitusjon kan fremstilles ved modifisering av denne prosedyre og ved anvendelse av standard synteseprotokoller kjent innen faget. Også vist i reaksjonsskjema 1, er fremstillingen av indolmellomprodukt A-6.
Reaksjonsskjema B illustrerer en mulig protokoll for kobling av indol- og kinolonmellomproduktene for å gi de ønskede forbindelser. Reaksjonsskjema C illustrerer en mulig synteserute for syntese av en representativ forbindelse ifølge oppfinnelsen, 3- (5-metoksy-lH-pyrrolo [2, 3-c]pyridin-2-yl) -l:H-kinolin-2-on, C-6.
Reaksjonsskjema D viser syntese av jod-naftyridiner og og jod-pyridopyridiner. De resulterende jodforbindelser kan kobles med den egnede indolborsyre som angitt i de andre reaksjonsskjemaer for å nå det ønskede produkt. Klor-utgangsforbind-elsene kan fremstilles i henhold til metoden beskrevet av D.J. Pokorny og W.W. Paudler i J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 3101.
ANVENDELIGHET
De foreliggende forbindelser er anvendbare som farma-søytiske midler for pattedyr, spesielt for mennesker, ved behandling av tyrosinkinaseavhengige sykdommer. Slike sykdommer innbefatter proliferering av tumorceller, den patologiske neovaskularisering (eller angiogenese) som understøtter vekst av faste tumorer, okular neovaskularisering (diabetisk retinopati, aldersrelatert makular degenerering og lignende) og inflammasjon (psoriasis, reumatoid artritt og lignende)..
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan administreres til pasienter for bruk ved behandling av kreft. Foreliggende forbindelser inhiberer tumorangiogenese og påvirker derved veksten av tumorer (J. Rak et al., Cancer Research, 55:4575-4580, 1995). De foreliggende forbindelsers antiangiogeneseegenskaper er også anvendbare ved behandling av visse former for blindhet i forbindelse med retinal vaskularisering.
Foreliggende forbindelser er også anvendelige ved behandling av visse benrelaterte patologier, slik som osteosarkom, osteoartritt og rakitt, også kjent som onkogen osteo-malasi. (Hasegawa et al., Skeletal Radiol., 28, s. 41-45, 1999, Gerber et al., Nature Medicine, vol. 5, nr. 6, s. 623-628, juni 1999) . Da VEGF direkte fremmer osteoklastisk benresorpsjon gjennom KDR/Flk-1 uttrykt i modne osteoklastere (FEBS Let. 473:161-164 (2000); Endocrinology, 141:1667 (2000)), er de foreliggende forbindelser også anvendelige for behandling og hemming av tilstander relatert til benresorpsjon, slik som osteoporose og Pagets sykdom.
De krevde forbindelser kan også anvendes for å redusere eller forhindre vevsskade som oppstår etter cerebrale iskemiske hendelser, slik som slag, ved at de reduserer cerebralt ødem, vevsskade og reperfusjonsskader etter iskemi. (Drug News Perspect 11:265-270 (1998), J. Clin. Invest. 104:1613-1620 (1999)).
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan administreres til pattedyr, fortrinnsvis til mennesker, enten alene eller - fortrinnsvis - i kombinasjon med farmasøytisk akseptable bærere eller fortynningsmidler, eventuelt sammen med kjente adjuvanser slik som alum, i et farmasøytisk preparat i henhold til standard farmasøytisk praksis. Forbindelsene kan administreres oralt eller parenteralt, deriblant ved bruk av intravenøse, intramuskulære, intraperitoneale, subkutane, rektale og topiske
administreringsmetoder.
For oral anvendelse av en kjemoterapeutisk forbindelse kan forbindelsen administreres f.eks. i form av tabletter eller kapsler, eller som en vandig løsning eller suspensjon. I det tilfellet hvor det benyttes tabletter for oral anvendelse, vil bærere som det er vanlig å benytte, innbefatte laktose og maisstivelse, og smøremidler slik som magnesiumstearat, tilsettes vanligvis. For oral administrering i kapselform innbefatter anvendelige fortynningsmidler laktose og tørket maisstivelse. Når vandige suspensjoner kreves for oral anvendelse, kombineres den aktive bestanddel med emulgerings- og suspensjonsmidler. Om ønsket, kan visse søtnings- og/eller smaksstoffer tilsettes. For intramuskulær, intraperitoneal, subkutan og intravenøs anvendelse fremstilles vanligvis sterile løsninger av den aktive bestanddel, og løsningenes pH-verdi bør innstilles og bufres på hensikts- messig måte. For intravenøs bruk bør den totale konsentrasjon av oppløste stoffer kontrolleres for å gjøre preparatet isotonisk.
Forbindelsene kan også ko-administreres med andre velkjente terapeutiske midler som velges med hensyn til deres spesielle anvendelighet mot tilstanden som behandles. Når det f.eks. gjelder benrelaterte sykdommer, vil kombinasjoner som vil kunne være anvendbare, innbefatte de med antiresorptive bisfosfonater slik som alendronat og risedronat; integrinblokkere (definert ytterligere nedenfor) , slik somOvPa-antagonister; konjugerte østrogener anvendt ved hormonerstatningsterapi, slik som "PREMPRO", "PREMARIN" og "ENDOMETRION"; selektive østrogenreseptormodulatorer (SERM), slik som raloxifen, droloxifen, CP-336 156 (Pfizer) og lasofoxifen; kathepsin K-inhibitorer; og ATP-protonpumpeinhibitorer.
Forbindelsene er også anvendelige i kombinasjon med kjente antikreftmidler. Slike kjente antikreftmidler innbefatter de følgende: østrogenreseptormodulatorer, androgenreseptormodulatorer, retinoidreseptormodulatorer, cytotoksiske midler, antiproliferasjonsmidler, prenyl-proteintransferaseinhibitorer, HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer, HIV-proteaseinhibitorer, revers-transkriptaseinhibitorer og andre angiogeneseinhibitorer.
"Østrogenreseptormodulatorer" refererer seg til forbindelser som interfererer eller inhiberer bindingen av østrogen til reseptoren, uansett mekanisme. Eksempler på østrogenreseptormodulatorer innbefatter, men er ikke,begrenset til, tamoxifen, raloxifen, idoxifen, LY353381, LY117081, toremifen, fulvestrant, 4-[7-(2,2-dimetyl-l-oksopropoksy-4-metyl-2-[4-[2-(1-piperidinyl)etoksy]fenyl]-2H-l-benzopyran-3-yl]fenyl-2,2-dimetylpropanoat, 4,4'-dihydroksybenzofenon-2,4-dinitrofenyl-hydrazon og SH64 6.
"Androgenreseptormodulatorer" refererer seg til forbindelser som interfererer eller inhiberer bindingen av andro-gener til reseptoren, uansett mekanisme. Eksempler på androgenreseptormodulatorer innbefatter finasterid og andre 5a-reduktaseinhibitorer, nilutamid, flutamid, bicalutamid, liarozol og abirateronacetat.
"Retinoidreseptormodulatorer" refererer seg til forbindelser som interfererer eller inhiberer bindingen .av retinoider til reseptoren, uansett mekanisme. Eksempler på slike
retinoidreseptormodulatorer innbefatter bexaroten, tretinoin, 13-cis-retinonsyre, 9-cis-retinonsyre, a-difluormetylornitin, ILX23-7553, trans-N-(4'-hydrpksyfenyl)-retinamid, N-4-karboksy-fenylretinamid.
"Cytotoksiske midler" refererer seg til forbindelser som forårsaker cellédød primært ved å interférere direkte med cellens funksjon, eller inhiberer eller interfererer med celle-myose, innbefattende alkyleringsmidler, tumornekrosefaktorer, interkalatorer, mikrotubulininhibitorer, og topoisomeraseinhibitorer. ..Eksempler på cytotoksiske midler innbefatter: tirapaz-imin, sertenef, cachectin, ifosfamid, tasonermin, lonidamin, karboplatin, altretamin, prednimustin, dibromdulcitol, rani-mustin, fotemustin, nedaplatin, oksaliplatin, temozolomid, heptaplatin, estramustin, improsulfantosilat; trofosfamid, nimustin, dibrospidiumklorid, pumitepa, lobaplatin, satraplatin, profiromycin, cisplatiri, irofulven, dexifosfamid, cis-amin-diklor(2-metylpyridin)-platina, benzylguanin, glufosfamid, GPX100, (trans,trans,trans)-bis-mu-(heksan-1;6-diamin)-mu-[diamin-platina(II)]bis[diamin(klor)platina(II)]-tetraklorid, diarizidinylspermin, arsentrioksid, 1-(ll-dodecylamino-10-hydroksyundecyl)-3,7-dimetylxantin, zorubucin, idarubicin, bisantren, mitoxantron, pirarubicin, pinafid, valrubicin, amrubi-cin, antineoplaston, 3'-deamino-3<1->morfolino-13-deokso-10-hydroksycarminomycin, annamycin, galarubicin, elinafid, MEN10755 og 4-demetoksy-3-deamino-3-aziridinyl-4-metyisulfonyldaunorubi-cin.
Eksempler på mikrotubulininhibitorer innbefatter paclitaxel, vindesinsulfat, 3',4'-didehydro-4<1->deoksy-8'-norvincaleukoblastin, docetaxol, rhizoxin, dolastatin, mivo-bulinisetionat, auristatin, cemadotin, RPR108881, BMS184476, vinflunin, kryptofycin, 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluor-N-(3-fluor-4-metoksyfenyl)-benzensulfonamid, anhydrovinblastin, N,N-dimetyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-N-metyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-prolin-t-butylamid, TDX258 og BMS188797.
Noen eksempler på topoisomeraseinhibitorer er topo-tecan, hycaptamin, irinotecan, rubitecan, 6-etoksypropionyl-3',4<1->O-ekso-benzyliden-chartreusin, 9-metoksy-N,N-dimetyl-5-nitropyrazolo[3,4,5-kl]akridin-2-(6H)-propanamin, l-amino-9-etyl- 5-fluor-2,3-dihydro-9-hydroksy-4-metyl-lH,12H-benzo[de]-pyrano[3',4':b,7]indolizino[1,2b]kinolin-10,13(9H,15H)dion, lurtotecan, 7- [2- (N-isopropylamino) etyl] - (20S.) -camptotecin, BNP1350, BNPI1100, BN80915, BN80942, etoposidfosfat, teniposid, sobuzoxan, 2'-dimetylamino-2'-deoksyetoposid,' GL331, N-[2-(dimetylamino)etyl]-9-hydroksy-5,6-dimetyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]-karbazol-l-karboksamid, asulacrin, (5a,5aB, Baa,9b)-9-[2-[N-[ 2-(dimetylamino)etyl]-N-metylamino]etyl]-5-[4-hydroksy-3,5-dimetoksyfenyl]-5,5a,6,8,8a-9-heksahydrofuro(3<1>,4':6,7)nafto(2,3-d)-1,3-dioksol-6-on, 2,3-(metylendioksy)-5-metyl-7-hydroksy-8-metoksybenzo[c]fenantridinium, 6,9-bis[(2-aminoetyl)-amino]-benzo[g]isokinolin-5,10-dion, 5-(3-aminopropylamino)-7,10-dihydroksy-2-(2-hydroksyetylaminometyl)-6H-pyrazolo[4,5,1-de]-akridin-6-on, N-[1-[2-(dietylamino)etylamino]-7-metoksy-9-okso-9H-tioxanten-4-ylmetyl]formamid, N-(2-(dimetylamino)etyl)akridin-4-karboksamid, 6-[[2-(dimetylamino)etyl]amino]-3-hydroksy-7H-indeno[2,1-c]kinolin-7-on og dimesna.
"Antiproliferative midler" innbefatter antisense-RNA og DNA-oligonukleotider slik som G3139, ODN698, RVASKRAS, GEM231 og INX3001 og antimetabolitter som f.eks. énocitabin, carmofur, tegafur, pentostatin, doxifluridin,•trimetrexat, fludarabin, capecitabin, galocitabin, cytarabinocfosfat, fosteabinnatrium-hydrat, raltitrexed, paltitrexid, emitefur, tiazofurin, decitabin, nolatrexed, pemetrexed, nelzarabin, 2'-deoksy-2<1->metylidencytidin, 2<1->fluormetylen-2'-deoksycytidin, N-[5-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl)sulfonyl]-N'-(3,4-diklorfenyl)urea, N6-[4-deoksy-4-[N2-[2(E),4(E)-tetradekadienoyl]glysylamino]-L-glysero-B-L-mannoheptopyranosyl]adenin, aplidin, ecteinascidin, troxa-citabin, 4-[2-amino-4-okso-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrimidino[5,4-b][1,4]tiazin-6-yl-(S)-etyl]-2,5-tienoyl-L-glutaminsyre, amino-pterin, 5-fluoruracil, alanosin, ll-acetyl-87(karbamoyloksy-metyl)-4-formyl-6-metoksy-14-oksa-l,11-diazatetrasyklo-(7.4.1.0.0)tetradeka-2,4,6-trien-9-yl-eddiksyreester, swainsonin, lometrexol, dexrazoxan, metioninase, 2<1->cyan-2<1->deoksy-N4-palmitoyl-l-B-D-arabinofuranosylcytosin og 3-aminopyridin-2-karboksaldehyd-tiosemikarbazon. "Antiproliferative midler" innbefatter også monoklonale antistoffer mot vekstfaktorer forskjellige fra de som er oppført under "angiogeneseinhibitorer", slik som trastuzumab, og tumorsuppressorgener, slik som
p53, som kan avleveres via rekombinant-virus-mediert genover-føring (se f.eks. US patentskrift nr. 6 069 134).
"HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer" refererer seg til inhibitorer av 3-hydroksy-3-metylglutaryl-CoA-reduktase. Forbindelser som har inhiberende aktivitet over HMG-CoA-reduktase, kan lett identifiseres ved hjelp av tester som er velkjente i faget. Se f.eks. de tester som er beskrevet eller henvist til i US patentskrift nr. 4 231 938, spalte 6, og WO 84/02131, sider 30-33. Uttrykkene "HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitor" og "inhibitor av HMG-CoA-reduktase" har samme betydning når de anvendes her.
Eksempler på HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer som kan anvendes, innbefatter lovastatin ("MEVACOR", se US patentskrifter nr. 4 231 938, 4 294 926, 4 319 039), simvastatin ("ZOCOR", se US patentskrifter nr. 4 444 784, 4 820 850, 4 916 239), pravastatin ("PRAVACHOL", se US patentskrifter nr. 4 346 227, 4 537 859,
4 410 629, 5 030 447 og 5 180 589), fluvastatin ("LESCOL", se US patentskrifter nr. 5 354 772, 4 911 165, 4 929 437, 5 189 164, 5 118 853, 5 290 946, 5 356 896), atorvastatin ("LIPITOR", se US patentskrifter nr. 5 273 995, 4 681 893, 5 489 691, 5 342 952) og cerivastatin (også kjent som rivastatin og "BAYCHOL", se US patentskrift nr. 5 177 080). Strukturformlene for disse og ytterligere HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer som kan anvendes, er beskrevet på side 87 i M. Yalpani, "Cholesterol Lowering Drugs", Chemistry&Industry, s. 85-89 (5. februar-. 1996) og i US patentskrifter nr. 4 782 084 og 4 885 314. Uttrykket HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitor som anvendt her, innbefatter alle farmasøytisk akseptable laktonformer og åpne syreformer (dvs. former hvor lakton-ringen er åpnet for dannelse av den frie syre) så vel som salt-og esterformer av forbindelser som har HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitor-aktivitet, og derfor er anvendelse av slike salter, estere, åpne syrer og laktonformer innbefattet innenfor rammen av oppfinnelsen. En illustrasjon av laktondelen og dens tilsvarende åpne syreform er vist nedenfor som strukturer I og II.
I HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer hvor en form med åpen syre kan foreligge, kan salt- og esterformer fortrinnsvis dannes fra den åpne syre, og alle slike former er innbefattet innen betydningen av uttrykket "HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitor", som anvendt her. Fortrinnsvis er HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitoren valgt fra lovastatin og simvastatin, og mest fordelaktig simvastatin. Her skal uttrykket "farmasøytisk akseptable salter" med hensyn til HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitoren bety ikke-toksiske salter av forbindelsene som anvendes, hvilke generelt fremstilles ved omsetning av den frie syre med en egnet organisk eller uorganisk base, fortrinnsvis de som dannes fra kationer som natrium, kalium, alumin-ium, kalsium, litium, magnesium, sink og tetrametylammonium, samt de salter som dannes fra aminer som f.eks. ammoniakk, etylen-diamin, N-metylglukamin, lysin, arginin, orriitin, kolin, N,N1 - dibenzyletylendiamin, klorprokain, dietanolamin, prokain, N-benzylfenetylamin, l-p-klorbenzyl-2-pyrrolidin-l<1->yl-metylbenz-imidazol, dietylamin, piperazin og tris(hydroksymetyl)aminometan. Ytterligere eksempler på saltformer av HMG-CoA-reduktaseinhibitorer kan innbefatte acetat, benzensulfonat, benzoat, bikarbonat, bisulfat, bitartrat, borat, bromid, kalsiumedetat, kamsylat, karbonat, klorid, klavulanat, sitrat, dihydroklorid, edetat, edisylat, estolat, esylat, fumarat, glukeptat, glukonat, gluta-mat, glykollylarsanilat, heksylresorcinat, hydrabamin, hydro-bromid, hydroklorid, hydroksynaftoat, jodid, isotionat, laktat, laktobionat, laurat, malat, maleat, mandelat, mesylat, metyl-sulfat, mucat, napsylat, nitrat, oleat, oksalat, pamoat, palmi-tat, pantotenat, fosfat/difosfat, polygalakturonat, salisylat, stearat, subacetat, succinat, tannat, tartrat, teoclat, tosylat, trietjodid og valerat.
Esterderivater av de beskrevne HMG-CoA-reduktase-inhibitorforbindelser kan virke som prolegemidler, som - når de absorberes i blodstrømmen hios et varmblodig dyr - kan spaltes på en slik måte at de frigjør legemiddelformen og sørger for at legemidlet gir en forbedret terapeutisk virkning.
"Prenyl-proteintransferaseinhibitor" refererer seg til en forbindelse som inhiberer én eller enhver kombinasjon av prenyl-proteintransferaseenzymene, innbefattende farnesyl-proteintransferase (FPTase), geranylgeranyl-proteintransferase type I (GGPTase-I) og geranylgeranyl-proteintransferase type-II (GGPTase-II, også betegnet Rab-GGPTase). Eksempler på prenyl-proteintransf eraseinhiberende forbindelser innbefatter (±)-6-[amino(4-klorfenyl)(l-metyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)metyl]-4-(3-klorfenyl)-l-metyl-2(1H)-kinolinon, (-)-6-[amino(4-klorfenyl)(1-metyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)metyl]-4-(3-klorfenyl)-l-metyl-2(1H)-kinolinon, (+)-6-[amino(4-klorfenyl)(l-metyl-lH-imidazol-5-yl)-metyl]-4-(3-klorfenyl)-l-metyl-2(1H)-kinolinon, 5(S)-n-butyl-1-(2,3-dimetylfenyl)-4-[1-(4-cyanbenzyl)-5-imidazolylmetyl]-2-piperazinon, (S)-1-(3-klorfenyl)-4-[1-(4-cyanbenzyl)-5-imida-zolylmetyl] -5-[2-(etansulfonyl)metyl)-2-piperazinon, 5(S)-n-butyl-1-(2-metylfenyl)-4-[1-(4-cyanbenzyl)-5-imidazolylmetyl]-2-piperazinon, 1-(3-klorfenyl)-4-[1-(4-cyanbenzyl)-2-metyl-5-imidazolylmetyl]-2-piperazinon, 1-(2,2-difenyletyl)-3-[N-(1-(4-cyanbenzyl)-lH-imidazol-5-yletyl)karbamoyl]piperidin, 4-{5-[4-hydroksymetyl-4-(4-klorpyridin-2-ylmetyl)piperidin-l-ylmetyl]-2-metylimidazol-l-ylmetyl}bénzonitril, 4-{5-[4-hydroksymetyl-4-(3-klorbenzyl)piperidin-l-ylmetyl]-2-metylimidazol-l-ylmetyl}-benzonitril, 4-{3-[4-(2-okso-2H-pyridin-l-yl)benzyl]-3H-imidazol-4-ylmetyl}benzonitril, 4-{3-[4-(5-klor-2-okso-2H-[1,2']bipyridin-5'-ylmetyl]-3H-imidazol-4-ylmetyl}benzonitril, 4-{3-[4-(2-okso-2H-[1,2']bipyridin-5<1->ylmetyl]-3H-imidazol-4-ylmetyl}benzonitril, 4-[3-(2-okso-l-fenyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-4-ylmetyl)-3H-imidazol-4-ylmetyl}benzonitril, 18,19-dihydro-19-okso-5H,17H-6,10:12,16-dimeteno-lH-imidazol[4,3-c][1,11,4]dioksaazasyklo-nonadecin-9-karbonitril, (±)-19,20-dihydro-19-okso-5H-18,21-etano-12,14-eteno-6,10-meteno-22H-benzo[d]imidazo[4,3-k] [1,6,9,12]oksatriaza-syklooktadecin-9-karbonitril, 19,20-dihydro-19-okso-5H,17H-18,21-etano-6,10:12,16-dimeteno-22H-imidazo[3,4-h] [1, 8,11,14]oksatri-azasykloeikosin-9-karbonitril og (±)-19,20-dihydro-3-metyl-19-
okso-5H-18,21-etano-12,14-eteno-6,10-meteno-22H-benzo[d]imidazo-[4,3-k] [1, 6,9,12]oksa-triazasyklooktadecin-9-karbonitril.
Andre eksempler på prenyl-proteintransferaseinhibitorer kan finnes i de følgende publikasjoner og patentskrifter: WO 96/30343, WO 97/18813, WO 97/21701, WO 97/23478, WO 97/38665, WO 98/28980, WO 98/29119, WO 95/32987, US pat. nr. 5 420 245, US pat. nr. 5 523 430, US pat. nr. 5 532 359, US pat. nr. 5 510 510, US pat. nr. 5 589 485, US pat. nr. 5 602 098, EP pat. nr. 0 618 221, EP pat. nr. 0 675 112, EP pat. nr. 0 604 181, EP pat. nr. 0 696 593, WO 94/19357, WO 95/08542, WO 95/11917, WO 95/12612, WO 95/12572, WO 95/10514, US pat. nr. 5 661 152, WO 95/10515, WO
95/10516, WO 95/24612, WO 95/34535, WO 95/25086, WO 96/05529, WO 96/06138, WO 96/06193, WO 96/16443, WO 96/21701, WO 96/21456, WO 96/22278, WO 96/24611, WO 96/24612, WO 96/05168, WO 96/05169, WO 96/00736, US pat. nr. 5 571 792, WO 96/17861, WO 96/33159, WO
96/34850, WO 96/34851, WO 96/30017, WO 96/30018, WO 96/30362, WO 96/30363, WO 96/31111, WO 96/31477, WO 96/31478, WO 96/31501, WO 97/00252, WO 97/03047, WO 97/03050, WO 97/04785, WO 97/02920, WO 97/17070, WO 97/23478, WO 97/26246, WO 97/30053, WO 97/44350, WO 98/02436 og US pat. nr. 5 532 359. For et eksempel på en prenyl-proteintransf eraseinhibitors rolle på angiogenese, se European J. of Cancer, vol. 35, nr. 9, s. 1394-1401 (1999).
Eksempler på HIV-proteaseinhibitorer innbefatter amprenavir, abacavir, CGP-73547, CGP-61755, DMP-450, indinavir, nelfinavir, tipranavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, ABT-378, AG 1776 og BMS-232 632. Eksempler på revers-transkriptaseinhibitorer innbefatter delaviridin, efavirenz, GS-840, HB Y097, lamivudin, nevirapin, AZT, 3TC, ddC og ddl.
"Angiogeneseinhibitorer" refererer seg til forbindelser som inhiberer dannelsen av nye blodkar, uansett mekanisme. Eksempler på angiogeneseinhibitorer innbefatter, men er ikke begrenset til, tyrosinkinaseinhibitorer, slik som inhibitorer av tyrosinkinasereseptorene Flt-1 (VEGFR1) og Flk-1/KDR (VEGFR20), inhibitorer av epidermavledede, fibroblastavledede eller blod-plateavledede vekstfaktorer, MMP (matriks-metalloprotease)-inhibitorer, integrinblokkere, interferon-a, interleukin-12, pentosanpolysulfat, syklooksygenaseinhibitorer, innbefattende ikke-steroidale antiinflammasjonsmidler (NSAID) som aspirin og ibuprofen, samt selektive syklooksygenase-2-inhibitorer som
celecoxib og refocoxib (PNAS, vol. 89, s. 7384 (1992), JNCI, vol. 69, s. 475 (1982), Arch. Opthalmol., vol. 108, s. 573 (1990), Anat. Ree, vol. 238, s. 68 (1994), FEBS Letters, vol. 372, s. 83
(1995), Clin. Orthop., vol. 313, s. 76 (1995), J. Mol. Endo-crinol., vol. 16, s. 107 (1996), Jpn. J. Pharmacol., vol. 75, s. 105 (1997), Cancer Res., vol. 57, s. 1625 (1997), Cell, vol. 93, s. 705 (1998), Intl. J. Mol. Med., vol. 2, s. 715 (1998), J. Biol. Chem., vol. 274, s. 9116 (1999)), karboksyamidotriazol, combretastatin-A-4, skvalamin, 6-0-kloracetylkarbonyl-fumagillol, thalidomid, angiostatin, troponin-1, angiotensin-II-antagonister (se Fernandez et al., J. Lab. Clin. Med. 105:141-145 (1985)) og antistoffer mot VEGF, (se Nature Biotechnology, vol. 17, s. 963-968 (oktober 1999), Kimet al., Nature, 362, 841-844 (1993)).
Andre eksempler på angiogeneseinhibitorer innbefatter endostation, ukrain, ranpirnase, IM862, 5-metoksy-4-[2-metyl-3-(3-metyl-2-butenyl)oksiranyl]-1-oksaspiro[2,5]okt-6-yl(klorace-tyl)karbamat, acetyldinanalin, 5-amino-l-[[3,5-diklor-4-(4-klorbenzoyl)-fenyl]-metyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-karboksamid, CM101, skvalamin, combretastatin, RPI4610, NX31838, sulfatert manno-pentaosef osf at, 7,7- (karbonyl-bis.[imino-N-metyl-4, 2-pyrrolo-karbonylimino[N-metyl-4,2-pyrrol]-karbonylimino]-bis-(1,3-naftalendisulfonat) og 3-[(2,4-dimetylpyrrol-5-yl)metylen]-2-indolinon (SU5416).
Som anvendt ovenfor, refererer "integrinblokkere" seg til forbindelser som selektivt antagoniserer, inhiberer eller motvirker binding av en fysiologisk ligand tilOvP3-integrinet, til forbindelser som selektivt antagoniserer, inhiberer eller motvirker binding av en fysiologisk ligand til avP5_integrinet, til forbindelser som antagoniserer, inhiberer eller motvirker binding av en fysiologisk ligand til bådeOvP3-integrinet og avp5-integrinet, og til forbindelser som antagoniserer, inhiberer eller motvirker aktiviteten av det eller de bestemte integriner som uttrykkes på kapillære endotelialceller. Uttrykket refererer seg også til antagonister av avP6-/«vPs-/ «lPi-f 012P1-, asPi-/ <x6<p>i-og ct6P4-integrinene. Uttrykket refererer seg også til antagonister av en hvilken som helst kombinasjon av avP3~, (XvPs-, avP6-, (XvPs-, (X1P1-, a2Pi-, a5Pi-, <x6Pi- og a6P4-integriner.
Noen spesifikke eksempler på tyrosinkinaseinhibitorer innbefatter N-(trifluormetylfenyl)-5-metylisoksazol-4-karboks amid, 3-[(2, 4-dimetylpyrrol-5-yl)metylidenyl)indolin-2-on, 17-(allylamino) -17-demetoksygeldanamycin, 4-(3-klor-4-fluorfenyl-amino)-7-metoksy-6-[3-(4-morfolinyl)propoksyl]kinazolin, N-(3-etenylfenyl)-6,7-bis(2-metoksyetoksy)-4-kinazolinamin, BIBX1382, 2,3,9,10,11,12-heksahydro-10-(hydroksymetyl)-10-hydroksy-9-metyl-9,12-epoksy-lH-diindolo[l,2,3-fg:3',2',1■-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]-benzodiazocin-l-on, SH268, genistein, STI571, CEP2563, 4-(3-klorfenylamino)-5,6-dimetyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinmetan-sulfonat, 4-(3-brom-4-hydroksyfenyl)amino-6,7-dimetoksykinazolin, 4-(4<1->hydroksyfenyl)amino-6,7-dimetoksykinazolin, SU6668, STI571A, N-4-klorfenyl-4-(4-pyridylmetyl)-1-ftalazinamin og EMD121974.
De foreliggende forbindelser er også anvendelige, alene eller i kombinasjon med blodplatefibrinogenreseptor
(GP Ilb/IIIa)-antagonister, slik som tirofiban, for å inhibere metastase av kreftceller. Tumorceller kan aktivere blodplater i stor grad via trombingenerering. Denne aktivering er assosiert med frigjøringen av VEGF. Frigjøringen av VEGF øker metastase gjennom å øke ekstravasasjon ved adhesjonspunkter til vaskulært endotel (Amirkhosravi, Platelets 10, 285-292, 1999). Derfor kan de foreliggende forbindelser brukes til å inhibere metastase, alene eller i kombinasjon med GP Ilb/IIIa-antagonister. Eksempler på andre fibrinogenreseptorantagonister innbefatter abciximab, eptifibatid, sibrafiban, lamifiban, lotrafiban, cromofiban og CT50352.
Dersom de formuleres som en fast dose, kan slike kom-binasjonsprodukter anvende forbindelsene innenfor det doseområde som er beskrevet nedenfor, og de andre farmasøytisk aktive midler innenfor deres godkjente doseområde. Forbindelsene kan alterna-tivt anvendes sekvensvis med kjente farmasøytisk akseptable midler når en kombinasjonsformulering er uegnet.
Uttrykket "administrering" og varianter av denne (f.eks. "administrering" av en forbindelse) med referanse til en forbindelse betyr innføring av forbindelsen eller et prolegemiddel av forbindelsen i systemet til det dyr som har behov for behandling. Når en forbindelse eller prolegemiddel derav tilveie-bringes i kombinasjon med ett eller flere andre aktive midler (f.eks. et cytotoksisk middel, etc), skal "administrering" og dets varianter forstås å innbefatte samtidig og sekvensvis inn-føring av forbindelsen eller prolegemidlet derav og andre midler.
Som anvendt her, er uttrykket "preparat" beregnet på å omfatte et produkt omfattende de spesifiserte bestanddeler i de spesifiserte mengder samt ethvert produkt som er et resultat, direkte eller indirekte, av en kombinasjon av de spesifiserte bestanddeler i de spesifiserte mengder.
Uttrykket "terapeutisk effektiv mengde" som anvendt her, betyr den mengde av aktiv forbindelse eller farmasøytisk middel som frembringer den biologiske eller medisinske respons i et vev, system, dyr eller menneske som etterstrebes av en forsker, veterinær eller lege.
Uttrykket "behandling av kreft" refererer seg til administrering til et pattedyr angrepet av en krefttilstand, og refererer seg til en virkning som lindrer krefttilstanden ved å drepe kreftcellene, men også til en virkning som resulterer i inhibering av vekst og/eller metastase av kreften.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse omfatter også et farma-søytisk preparat som er anvendbart ved behandling av kreft, omfattende administrering av en terapeutisk effektiv mengde av forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen, med eller uten farmasøytisk akseptable bærere eller fortynningsmidler. Egnede preparater ifølge oppfinnelsen innbefatter vandige løsninger omfattende forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen og farmakologisk akseptable bærere, f.eks. saltvann, ved et pH-nivå, f.eks. 7,4. Løsningene kan innføres i en pasients blodstrøm ved lokal bolusinjéksjon.
Når en forbindelse ifølge oppfinnelsen administreres til en human pasient, vil den daglige dose normalt bestemmes av den ordinerende lege, idet dosen generelt varierer i henhold til alder, vekt og responsen av den individuelle pasient, samt med strengheten av pasientens symptomer.
I én eksempelvis påføring administreres en egnet mengde forbindelse til et pattedyr som undergår behandling for kreft. Administreringen finner sted i en mengde på mellom 0,1 mg/kg kroppsvekt til 60 mg/kg kroppsvékt pr. dag, fortrinnsvis mellom 0,5 mg/kg kroppsvekt og 40 mg/kg kroppsvekt pr. dag.
Utprøvninger
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen som er beskrevet i eksemplene, ble testet ved de nedenfor beskrevne utprøvninger og ble funnet å ha kinaseinhiberende aktivitet. Andre utprøvninger er kjent innen litteraturen og vil lett kunne utføres av fag-mannen. (Se f.eks. Dhanabal et al., Cancer Res. 59:189-197, Xin et al., J. Biol. Chem. 274:9116-9121, Sheu et al., Anticancer Res. 18:4435-4441, Ausprunk et al., Dev. Biol. 38:237-248, Gimbrone et al., J. Nati. Cancer Inst. 52:413-427, Nicosia et al., In Vitro 18:538-549).
I. VEGF- reseptorkinaseutprøvning
VEGF-reseptorkinaseaktivitet måles ved inkorporering av radiomerket fosfat inn i polyglutaminsyre, tyrosin, 4:1 (pEY)-substrat. Det fosforylerte pEY-produkt fanges opp på en filtermembran, og inkorporeringen av radiomerket fosfat kvanti-fiseres ved scintillasjonstelling.
Materialer
VEGF- reseptorkinase
De intracellulære tyrosinkinasedomener av humant KDR (Terman, B.I. et al., Oncogene (1991), vol. 6, s. 1677-1683) og Flt-1 (Shibuya, M. et al., Oncogene (1990), vol. 5, s. 519-524) ble klonet som glutation S-transferase (GST)-genfusjonsproteiner. Dette ble utført ved kloning av det cytoplasmiske domene av KDR-kinasen som en rammefusjon ved GST-genets karboksyende. Løselige, rekombinante GST-kinasedomenefusjonsproteiner ble uttrykt i Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21)-insektsceller (Invitrogen) under anvendelse av en baculovirusekspresjonsvektor (pAcG2T, Pharmingen).
De andre materialer som ble anvendt og deres sammen-setninger var som følger: Lysebuffer: 50 mM Tris, pH 7,4, 0,5 M NaCl, 5 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 0,5% triton X-100, 10% glyserol, 10 mg/ml av hvert av leupeptin, pepstatin og aprotinin og 1 mM fenylmetylsulfonylfluorid (alle Sigma).
Vaskebuffer: 50 mM Tris, pH 7,4, 0,5 M NaCl, 5 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 0,05% triton X-100, 10% glyserol, 10 mg/ml av hvert av leupeptin, pepstatin og aprotinin og 1 mM fenylmetylsulfonylfluorid.
Dialysebuffer: 50 mM Tris, pH 7,4, 0,5 M NaCl, 5 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 0,05% triton X-100, 50% glyserol, 10 mg/ml av hvert av leupeptin, pepstatin og aprotinin og 1 mM fenylmetylsulfonylfluorid. 10 X reaksjonsbuffer: 200 mM Tris, pH 7,4, 1,0 M NaCl, 50 mM MnCl2, 10 mM DTT og 5 mg/ml kvegserumalbumin (Sigma).
Enzymfortynningsbuffer: 50 mM Tris, pH 7,4, 0,1 M NaCl, 1 mM DTT, 10% glyserol, 100 mg/ml BSA.
10 X substrat: 750 ug/ml poly (glutaminsyre, tyrosin; 4:1)
(Sigma).
Stoppeløsning: 30% trikloreddiksyre, 0,2 M natriumpyrofosfat (begge Fisher).
Vaskeløsning: 15% trikloreddiksyre, 0,2 M natriumpyrofosfat.
Filterplater: Millipore #MAFC NOB, GF/C 96 brønners plate av glassfiber.
Metode
A. Proteinrensing
1. Sf21-celler ble infisert med rekombinant virus ved en infeksjonsmultiplisitet på 5 viruspartikler/celle og ble dyrket ved 27 °C i 48 timer. 2. Alle trinn ble utført ved 4 °C. Infiserte celler
ble innhøstet ved sentrifugering ved 1 000 X g og lysert ved 4 °C i 30 minutter med 1/10 volum lysebuffer med påfølgende sentrifugering ved 100 000 X g i 1 time. Supernatanten ble deretter ført over en glutation-Sepharose-kolonne (Pharmacia) ekvilibrert i lysebuffer og vasket med 5 volumer av den samme buffer, etterfulgt av 5 volumer vaskebuffer. Rekombinant GST-KDR-protein ble
eluert med vaskebuffer/10 mM redusert glutation (Sigma) og dialysert mot dialysebuffer.
B. VEGF- reseptorkinaseutprøvning
1. Tilsett 5 ul inhibitor eller kontroll til utprøv-ningen i 50% DMSO. 2. Tilsett 35 ul reaksjonsblanding inneholdende 5 ul 10 X reaksjonsbuffer,- 5 ul 25 mM ATP/10 uCi [<33>P]ATP (Amersham) og
5 ul 10 X substrat.
3-. Start reaksjonen ved tilsetning av 10 ul KDR (25 nM) i enzymfortynningsbuffer.
4. Bland og inkuber ved romtemperatur i 15 minutter.
5. Stopp ved tilsetning av 50 ul stoppeløsning.
6. Inkuber i 15 minutter ved 4 °C.
7. Overfør en 90 ul aliquot til filterplate.
8. Aspirer og vask tre ganger med vaskeløsning.
9. Tilsett 30 ul scintillasjonscocktail, forsegl platen og tell i en Wallac Microbeta-scintillasjonsteller. II. Human umbilikalvene- endotelialcellemitogenesebestemmelse Humane umbilikalvene-endotelialceller (HUVEC) i kultur prolifererer i respons på VEGF-behandling og kan benyttes som et bestemmelsessystem for kvantifisering av virkningene av KDR-kinaseinhibitorer på VEGF-stimulering. I den beskrevne bestemm-else behandles hvilende HUVEC-monolag med bærer eller testforbindelse 2 timer før det"tilsettes VEGF eller basisk fibroblast-vekstfaktor (bFGF). Den mitogene respons på VEGF eller bFGF bestemmes ved måling av inkorporeringen av [<3>H]tymidin i cellu-lært DNA.
Materialer
HUVEC: HUVEC fryst som primære kulturisolater, ble erholdt fra Clonetics Corp. Cellene ble opprettholdt i endotelialt vekst-medium (EGM; Clonetics) og ble anvendt for mitogene bestemmelser beskrevet i punkt 3-7 nedenfor.
Kulturplater: NUNCLON 96-brønners polystyrenvevskulturplater (NUNC #167008).
Utprøvningsmedium: Dulbeccos modifikasjon av Eagles medium inneholdende 1 g/ml glukose (lav-glukose-DMEM; Mediatech) pluss 10% (v/v) kvegfosterserum (Clonetics) .
Testforbindelser: Arbeidsløsninger av testforbindelser ble fortynnet serievis i 100% dimetylsulfoksid (DMSO) til 400 ganger større enn deres ønskede sluttkonsentrasjoner. Sluttfortynninger til IX konsentrasjon ble foretatt direkte i prøvemedium umiddel-bart før tilsetning til celler.
10X vekstfaktorer: Løsninger av humant VEGFi65(500 ng/ml; R&D Systems) og bFGF (10 ng/ml; R&D Systems) ble fremstilt i utprøvningsmedium.
10X [ 3H] tymidin: [Metyl-3H] tymidin (20 Ci/mmol; Dupont-NEN) ble fortynnet til 80 uCi/ml i lav-glukose-DMEM.
Cellevaskemedium: Hanks balanserte saltløsning (Mediatech) inneholdende 1 mg/ml kvegserumalbumin (Boehringer-Mannheim)."
Cellelyseløsninq: 1 N NaOH, 2% (w/v) Na2C03;
Metode
1. HUVEC-monolag opprettholdt i EGM, ble høstet ved trypsinering og strøket ut til en tetthet av 4 000 celler pr. 100 Vil prøvemedium pr. brønn i 96-brønners plater. Cellene ble stanset for vekst i 24 timer ved 37 °C i en fuktet atmosfære inneholdende 5% CO2. 2. Veksthemningsmedium ble erstattet med 100 ul prøvemedium inneholdende enten bærer (0,25% [v/v] DMSO) eller den ønskede sluttkonsentrasjon av testforbindelse. Alle bestemmelser ble utført in triplo. Cellene ble deretter inkubert ved 37 °C med 5% CO2i 2 timer for å muliggjøre at testforbindelsene fikk inntre i cellene. 3. Etter 2 timers forbehandlingsperiode ble cellene stimulert ved tilsetning av 10 ul/brønn av enten utprøvnings-medium, 10X VEGF-løsning eller 10X bFGF-løsning. Cellene ble deretter inkubert ved 37 °C og 5% C02. 4. Etter 24 timer i nærvær av vekstfaktorer ble 10X [<3>H]tymidin (10 ul/brønn) tilsatt. 5. Tre dager etter tilsetning av [<3>H]tymidin ble mediet fjernet ved aspirasjon, og cellene ble vasket to ganger med cellevaskningsmedium (400 ul/brønn etterfulgt av 200 ul/brønn). De vaskede, adhererende celler ble deretter oppløseliggjort ved tilsetning av cellelyseløsning (100 yl/brønn) og oppvarmet til 37 °C i 30 minutter. Cellelysater ble overført til 7 ml glass-scintillasjonsampuller inneholdende 150 ul vann. Scintillasjonscocktail (5 ml/ampulle) ble tilsatt, og celleassosiert radioaktivitet ble bestemt ved yæskescintillasjonsspektroskopi.
Basert på de foregående bestemmelser, er forbindelsene av formel I inhibitorer av VEGF og således anvendbare for inhibering av angiogenese, slik som ved behandling av okular sykdom, f.eks. diabetisk retinopati og ved behandling av kreft, f.eks. faste tumorer. De foreliggende forbindelser inhiberer VEGF-stimulert mitogenese av humane vaskulære endotelialceller i kultur med IC50-verdier mellom 0,001 - 5,0 uM. Disse forbindelser kan også oppvise selektivitet hva angår beslektede tyrosinkinaser (f.eks. FGFR1 og Src-familien; hva angår forholdet mellom Src-kinaser og VEGFR-kinaser, se Eliceiri et al., Molecular Cell, vol. 4, s. 915-924, desember 1999).
Eksempler
De angitte eksempler er beregnet på å medhjelpe til en ytterligere forståelse av oppfinnelsen. Bestemte materialer som anvendes, arter og betingelser er beregnet på å være illustrative.
2- klor- 3- jodkinolin ( 1- 2)
En suspensjon av 3-(2-klor)-kinolinborsyre (1-1,
5,05 g, 24,3 mmol, 1 ekv., fremstilt ved metoden ifølge Marsais, F.; Godard, A.; Queguiner, G., J. Heterocyclic Chem. 1989, 26, 1589-1594) og N-jodsuccinimid (5,48 g, 24,4 mmol, 1,00 ekv.) i 300 ml acetonitril ble omrørt ved 23 °C i mørket i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert til tørrhet, og det resulterende gule, faste materiale ble fordelt mellom mettet, vandig natriumbikarbonatløsning og diklormetan. Det organiske lag ble vasket med vann, ble deretter tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert under dannelse av 2-klor-3-jodkinolin som et blekgult, fast materiale.<*>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 8,67 (s, 1H), 7,99 (br d, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,75 (br t, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,72 (br d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,57 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz).
5-( tert.- butyldimetylsilanyloksy)- lH- indol ( 1- 4)
En løsning av 5-hydroksyindol 1-3 (5,50 g, 41,3 mmol,
1 ekv.), tert.-butyldimetylsilylklorid (7,47 g, 49,6 mmol,
1,20 ekv.) og imidazol (7,03 g, 103 mmol, 2,50 ekv.) i 20 ml N,N-dimetylformamid ble omrørt ved 23 °C i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konséntrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og vann. Det organiske lag ble vasket tre ganger med vann, ble deretter tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert.
Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (40% diklormetan i heksan, deretter 60% diklormetan i heksan) under dannelse av 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksy)-lH-indol som en fargeløs olje som stivnet ved henstand.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,00 (br s, 1H),
7,22 (d, 1H, J = 8,7 Hz), 7,17 (t, 1H, J = 2,8 Hz), 7,06 (d, 1H, J = 2,3 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,3 Hz), 6,44 (m, 1H), 1,00 (s, 9H), 0,19 (s, 6H).
5-( tert.- butyldimetylsilanyloksy) indol- l- karboksylsyre- tert.-butylester ( 1- 5)
En løsning av 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksy)-1H-indol 1-4 (10,2 g, 41,3 mmol, 1 ekv.) di-tert.-butyldikarbonat (14,4 g, 66,0 mmol, 1,60 ekv.) og 4-dimetylaminopyridin (1,01 g, 8,25 mmol, 0,200 ekv.) i 100 ml diklormetan ble omrørt ved 23 °C i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (40% diklormetan i heksan) under dannelse av 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksy)indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert . -butylester (1-5) som en fargeløs olje.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 7,96 (br d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,54 (br d, 1H, J = 3,1 Hz), 6,98 (d, 1H, J = 2,4 Hz), 6,83 (dd, 1H, J = 9,0,
2,4 Hz), 6,45 (d, 1H, J = 3,7 Hz), 1,66 (s, 9H), 1,00 (s, 9H), 0,20 (s, 6H).
1-( tert.- butoksykarbonyl)-5-{[ tert.- butyl( dimetyl) silyl] oksy}- lH-indol- 2- yl- borsyre ( 1- 6)
En løsning av tert.-butyllitium i pentan (1,7 M,
20,7 ml, 35,2 mmol, 1,20 ekv.) ble tilsatt til en løsning av 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksy)indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert.-butylester (1-5, 10,2 g, 29,3 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 100 ml tetrahydrofuran ved -78 °C. Den resulterende lysebrune løsning ble omrørt ved -78 °C i 30 minutter, hvorpå trimetylborat (6,67 ml,
58,7 mmol, 2,00 ekv.) ble tilsatt. Den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 0 °C, ble deretter fortynnet med 100 ml mettet, vandig ammoniumkloridløsning og 200 ml etyleter. Det vandige lag ble surgjort med vandig 10% kaliumhydrogensulfatløsning. Det organiske lag ble fraskilt, ble deretter vasket med saltvann, tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert. Det gjenværende gule, faste materiale ble triturert med heksan under dannelse av 1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-5-{[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)silyl]oksy}-lH-indol-2-yl-borsyre (1-6) som et gråhvitt, fast materiale.<1>H NMR (400 MHz, CbCl3) 5 7,84 (d, 1H, J = 8,9 Hz), 7,37 (s, 1H), 7,01 (d, 1H, J = 2,4 Hz), 6,97 (br s, 2H), 6,88 (dd, 1H, J = 9,0, 2,4 Hz), 1,73 (s, 9H), 1,00 (s, 9H), 0,20 (s, 6H).
tert,- butyl- 5-{[ tert.- butyl( dimetyl) silyl] oksy}- 2-( 2- klor- 3-kinolinyl)- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 1- 7)
En deoksygenert blanding av 1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-5-{[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)silyl]oksy}-lH-indol-2-yl-borsyre 1-6 (4,10 g, 10,5 mmol, 1 ekv.), 2-klor-3-jodkinolin (1-2, 3,64 g, 12,6 mmol, 1,20 ekv.), kaliumfosfat (6,67 g, 31,4 mmol,
3.00 ekv.) og tetrakis(trifenylfosfin)palladium (0,605 g,
0,524 mmol, 0,050 ekv.) i 100 ml dioksan ble oppvarmet til 90 °C i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble avkjølt, ble deretter fordelt mellom en blanding av vann og etylacetat. Det organiske lag ble fraskilt, vasket med saltvann, tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi
(20% diklormetan i heksan gradvis til 90% diklormetan i heksan)
under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-{[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)silyl]-oksy}-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (1-7) som et brunfarget skum.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 8,16 (s, 1H), 8,15 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 8,07 (d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,86 (d, 1H, J =
7,8 Hz), 7,77 (br t, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,60 (br t, 1H, J =
8.1 Hz), 7,03 (d, 1H, J = 2,4 Hz), 6,92 (dd, 1H, J = 9,0,
2,4 Hz), 6,55 (s, 1H), 1,26 (s, 9H), 1,02 (s, 9H), 0,23 (s, 6H).
tert.- butyl- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- 5- hydroksy- lH- indol- l-karboksylat ( 1- 8)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-{[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)-silyl]oksy}-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat 1-7 (2,50 g, 4,91 mmol, 1 ekv.). og trietylamintrihydrofluorid
(3,60 ml, 22,1 mmol, 4,50 ekv.) i 100 ml acetonitril ble omrørt ved 23 °C i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom mettet, vandig natriumbikarbonat-løsning og etylacetat. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert til tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-hydroksy-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (1-8) som et brunfarget skum.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,18 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 8,17 (s, 1H), 8,07 (d, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,86 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,77 (br t, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,61 (br t, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,03 (d, 1H, J = 2,6 Hz), 6,93 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 2,6 Hz), 6,55 (s, 1H), 1,26 (s, 9H).
3-[ 5-( 2- piperidin- l- yl- etoksy)- indol- 2- yl]- lH- kinolin- 2- on ( 1- 9)
En blanding av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-hydroksy-lH-indol-l-karboksylat 1-8 (395 mg, 1,00 mmol, 1 ekv.), 1-(2-kloretyl)piperidinhydroklorid (276 mg, 1,50 mmol, 1,50 ekv.) og cesiumkarbonat (978 mg, 3,00 mmol, 3,00 ekv.) i 5 ml N,N-dimetylformamid ble oppvarmet ved 50 °C i 2 timer. Reaks jons-blandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom vann og etylacetat. Det organiske lag ble vasket med vann og deretter saltvann, ble tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert under dannelse av et blekgult skum. Skummet ble oppløst i 60 ml av en 1:1 blanding av vann og eddiksyre, og den resulterende løsning ble oppvarmet til 110 °C i 12 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble omrørt i vandig, mettet natrium-bikarbonatløsning som ga et brunt, fast materiale. Det brune, faste materiale ble filtrert, ble deretter suspendert i varm etanol (2 x 20 ml) og filtrert under dannelse av 3-[5-(2-piperidin-l-yl-etoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-lH-kinolin-2-on (1-9) som et gult, fast materiale. Det etanoliske filtrat ble konsentrert og residuet renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (5% etanol mettet med ammoniakk i etylacetat) under dannelse av ytterligere 1-9.<1>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 6 12,14 (s, 1H), 11,41 (s, 1H), 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,21 (br s, 1H), 7,06 (br s, 1H), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,2 Hz), 4,06 (t, 2H, J = 5,9 Hz), 2,67 (t, 3H, J = 5,5 Hz), 2,45 (br m, 4H), 1,51 (br m, 4H), 1,39 (br m, 2H).
Forbindelsene 1-10 til og med 1-19 nedenfor, og forbindelsene 1-20 til og med 1-55 i tabell 1 nedenfor ble fremstilt ved enkle modifikasjoner av protokollene beskrevet ovenfor. Alkylhalogenidene anvendt i de etterfølgende eksempler, var enten kommersielt tilgjengelige eller ble fremstilt ved alkyl-ering av det tilsvarende amin med enten 1-brom-2-kloretan i nærvær av kaliumkarbonat i aceton ved metoden ifølge Miyahara, M.; Sueyoshi, S.; Kamiya, S., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1985, 33, 5557-5561, eller l-brom-3-klorpropan i benzen ifølge metoden til Adams og Whitmore, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 735. I enkelte tilfeller ble mesylatene av kommersielt tilgjengelige eller lett tilgjengelige alkoholer fremstilt (MsCl, Et3N) og anvendt istedenfor de tilsvarende alkylklorider.
3-[ 5-( 2- pyrrolidin- l- yl- etoksy) - lH- indol- 2- yl]- lH- kinolin- 2- on
( 1- 10)
<1>H.NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,14 (s, 1H), 11,41 (s, 1H), 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,2 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24(br t, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,21 (d, 1H, J = 1,3 Hz), 7,06 (d, 1H, J = 2,2 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,2 Hz), 4,07 (t, 1H, J = 5,9 Hz), 2,81 (t, 3H, J = 5,9 Hz), 2,55 (br m, 4H), 1,70 (br m, 4H). 3- [ 5- ( 2- morfolin- 4- yl- etok. sy) - lH- indol- 2- yl] - lH- kinolin- 2- on ( 1-11) <1>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,42 (s, 1H) , 8,51 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,3 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,21 (br s, 1H), 7,07 (d, 1H, J = 1,7 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,7, 1,8 Hz), 4,09 (t, 2H, J = 5,8. Hz) , 3,59 (br t, 4H, J = 4,5 Hz) , 2,71 (t, 3H, J = 5,7 Hz) , 2,50 (br m, 4H). 3- [ 5- ( 3- dimetylamino- 2- metylpropoksy) - lH- indol- 2- yl] - lH- kinolin-2- on ( 1- 12)
<X>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J =
8,2 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,20 (d, 1H, J = 1,1 Hz), 7,03 (d, 1H, J = 2,0 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 2,4 Hz), 3,95 (dd, 1H, J = 9,3, 4,4 Hz), 3,77 (dd, 1H, J = 9,2, 6,2 Hz), 2,31 (m, 1H), 2,15 (s, 6H), 2,10 (m, 2H), 1,01 (d, 3H, J = 6,0 Hz).
3-[ 5-( 3- piperidin- l- yl- propoksy)- lH- indol- 2- yl]- lH- kinolin- 2- on
( 1- 13)
"H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,2 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,21 (br s, 1H), 7,04 (d, 1H, J = 2,1 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,7, 2,3 Hz), 3,99 (t, 2H, J = 6,4 Hz), 2,41 (t, 2H, J = 7,1 Hz), 2,34 (br m, 4H), 1,87 (pentett, 2H, J = 7,2 Hz), 1,50 (br m, 4H), 1,39 (m, 2H) . 3-( 5-{ 2-[ benzyl-( 2- metoksyetyl) amino] etoksy}- lH- indol- 2- yl)- 1H-kinolin- 2- on ( 1- 14)
^ NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J =
7,1 Hz), 7,40 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 2H, J = 9,0 Hz), 7,32 (br t, 2H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,24
(br t, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,20 (d, 1H, J = 2,0 Hz), 7,02 (d, 1H, J = 2,2 Hz), 6,73 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,2 Hz), 4,05 (t, 2H, J = 6,0 Hz), 3,75 (s, 2H), 3,46 (t, 2H, J = 6,0 Hz), 3,23 (s, 3H), 2,89 (t, 2H, J = 6,2 Hz), 2,74 (t, 2H, J = 6,2 Hz).
3-[ 5-( 2- dietylaminoetoksy)- lH- indol- 2- yl]- lH- kinolin- 2- on ( 1- 15)
<1>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,51
(s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J =
7,9 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br, d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,3 Hz), 7,21 (br s, 1H), 7,05 (d, 1H, J = 2,2 Hz), 6,75 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 2,4 Hz), 4,02 (t, 2H, J =
6,4 Hz), 2,79 (t, 2H, J = 6,2 Hz), 2,57 (q, 4H, J = 7,1 Hz),
0,99 (t, 6H, J = 7,1 Hz).
3-{ 5-[ 3-( benzylmetylamino) propoksy]- lH- indol- 2- yl}- lH- kinolin- 2-on ( 1- 16)
<1>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,14 (s, 1H) , 11,42 (s, 1H) , 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7.3 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,32 (br m, 5H), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,22 (br s, 1H), 7.04 (d, 1H, J = 1,7 Hz), 6,73 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,2 Hz), 4,03 (br m, 2H), 3,50 (br s, 2H), 2,70 (br m, 2H), 2,16 (br s, 3H) , 1,94 (br ra, 2H). l-{ 2-[ 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydrokinolin- 3- yl)- lH- indol- 5- yloksy]-etyl) piperidin- 4- karbonitril ( 1- 17) <X>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,14 (s, 1H), 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz),.7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,21 (d, 1H, J = 1,3 Hz), 7,06 (d, 1H, J = 2,2 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,4 Hz), 4,07 (t, 2H, J = 5,7 Hz), 2,86 (m, 1H), 2,72 (t, 2H, J = 5,7 Hz), 2,67 (m, 2H), 2,41 (m, 2H), 1,87 (m, 2H), 1,72 (m, 2H).' 3-{ 5-[ 3-( 4- metylpiperazin- l- yl) propoksy]- lH- indol- 2- yl}- 1H-kinolin- 2- on ( 1- 18)
<X>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,15 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s, 1H) , 8,49
(s, 1H) , 7,72 (br d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,51 (br t., 1H, J =
7,7 Hz), 7,40 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz),
7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,20 (br s, 1H), 7,03 (br s, 1H) ,
6,75 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 1,8 Hz), 3,99 (t, 2H, J = 6,4 Hz), 2,44
(t, 3H, J = 7,1 Hz), 2,36 (br m, 8H), 2,15 (s, 3H), 1,87 (m,
2H) .
3- [ 5- ( 3- morfolin- 4- yl- propoksy) - lH- indol- 2- yl] - lH- kinolin- 2- on
( 1- 19)
<1>H NMR (400 MHz, (CD3)2SO) 5 12,14 (s, 1H) , 11,41 (s,.lH), 8,50 (s, 1H), 7,73 (br d, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,51 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,37 (br d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,24 (br t, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 7,21 (d, 1H, J = 1,5 Hz), 7,04 (d, 1H, J = 2,2 Hz), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 2,2 Hz), 4,01 (t, 2H, J = 6,4 Hz), 3,58 (t, 4H, J = 4,6 Hz), 2,45 (t, 2H, J = 7,1 Hz), 2,38 (br m, 4H), 1,89 (pentett, 2H, J = 7,0 Hz).
3-( 5-{ 2-[( 2- metoksyetyl) amino] etoksy}- lH- indol- 2- yl)- 2( 1H)-kinolinon ( 2- 1)
840 mg 10% Pd/C ble tilsatt til 150 ml av en løsning av 3-(5-{2-[benzyl-(2-metoksyetyl)amino]etoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon, forbindelse 1-27, (840 mg, 1,8 mmol) i 150 ml EtOAc, og den resulterende blanding ble omrørt under en hydrogenballong i 18 timer. Katalysatoren ble fjernet ved filtrering, og filtratet ble konsentrert til et gult, fast materiale som ble renset ved kromatografi på en silikakolonne. Eluering med EtOAc til 25% NH3-EtOH/EtOAc ga 3-(5-{2-[(2-metoksyetyl)amino]etoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (2-1) som et gult, fast materiale.
<*>H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 5 11,05 (s, 1H) , 9,65 (br s, 1H) , 8,32 (s, 1H), 7,67 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,34 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,29 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,24 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,09
(s, 1H), 6,96 (s, 1H), 6,90 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,15 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,55 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,38 (s, 3H), 3,07 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 2,91 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz) .
3-[ 5-( 2-{( 2- metoksyetyl)[( 2- metoksy- 5- pyrimidinyl) metyl] amino}-etoksy)- lH- indol- 2- yl]- 2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 2- 2)
En løsning av 3-(5-{2-[(2-metoksyetyl)amino]etoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon 2-1 (150 mg, 0,4 mmol), 2-metoksy-pyrimidin-5-karboksaldehyd (110 mg, 0,8 mmol) og natriumtriacetoksyborhydrid (168 mg, 0,8 mmol) i 25 ml DCE ble omrørt under omgivende betingelser i 18 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom EtOAc og mettet NaHC03-løsning. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, tørket over MgS04og konsentrert. Residuet ble suspendert i etyleter ved hjelp av -lydbehandling, ble deretter filtrert og lufttørket under dannelse av 3-[5-(2-{(2-metoksyetyl)[(2-metoksy-5-pyrimidinyl)metyl]amino}etoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon (2-2) som et gult, fast materiale.<*>H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) 5 11,05 (s, 1H),.9,60 (s, 1H), 8,53 (s, 2H), 8,33 (s, 1H), 7,68 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,34 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,27 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,22 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,05 (s, 1H), 6,96 (s, 1H) , 6,86 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,13 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 4,01 (s, 3H), 3,80 (s, 2H), 3,53 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3,34 (s, 3H), 3,01 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 2,84 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz).
Forbindelsene 2-3 og 2-4 i tabell 2 ble fremstilt ved enkle modifikasjoner av de protokoller som er beskrevet ovenfor. Utvalgte NMR-spektre for 2-3 og 2-4 er som følger: 2-3,<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 11,05 (s, 1H) , 9,65 (s, 1H), 8,54 (dd, 1H, J = 4,1 Hz), 8,33 (s, 1H), 7,68 (d, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,33 (m, 3H), 7,28 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,24 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,03 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 6,96 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 6,85 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,13 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3,85 (s, 2H)-, 3,53 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3,33 (s, 3H), 3,03 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 2,86 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz) . -2-4,<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 11,05 (s, 1H), 9,40 (br s,.lH), 8,53 (d, 1H, J = 5 Hz)>8,32 (s, 1H) , 7,68 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,64 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,56 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,34-7,21 (m, 3H), 7,14 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,05 (s, 1H), 6,95 (s, 1H), 6,85 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 4,14 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3,99 (s, 2H), 3,55 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3,33 (s, 3H), 3,09 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 2,93 (t, 2H, J = 6 Hz).
( 2S, 4R)- 1-[( benzyloksy) karbonyl]- 4- metoksy- 2- pyrrolidin-karboksylsyre ( 3- 2)
Natriumhydrid (543 mg, 22,6 mmol, 2,00 ekv.) ble forsiktig tilsatt til en løsning av (2S,4R)-1-[(benzyloksy)-
karbonyl]-4-hydroksy-2-pyrrolidinkarboksylsyre (3-1, 3,00 g,
11,3 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 100 ml THF ved 0 °C, og den resulterende blanding ble omrørt i 20 minutter. Jodmetan (2,11 ml, 33,9 mmol, 3,00 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og blandingen ble oppvarmet til 23 °C og omrørt i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble deretter fortynnet med mettet natriumbikarbonatløsning og vasket med 2 x 100 ml etylacetat. Det vandige lag ble deretter surgjort med 1 N HCl-løsning til pH 3 og ble ekstrahert med 100 ml etylacetat. Dette organiske lag ble deretter tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert under dannelse av (2S,4R)-1-[(benzyloksy)karbonyl]-4-metoksy-2-pyrrolidinkarboksylsyre (3-2) som en lysegul olje.<1>H NMR
(400 MHz, CDC13) hovedrotamer: 5 7,40-7,25 (br m, 5H), 5,20 (s, 2H), 4,52 (t, 1H, J = 7,4 Hz), 4,00 (m, 1H), 3,67 (dd, 1H, J = 11,4, 2,8 Hz), 3,57 (dd, 1H, J = 11,4, 4,6 Hz), 3,32 (s, 3H) , 2,34 (m, 2H).
Benzyl-( 2S, 4R)- 2-( hydroksymetyl)- 4- metoksy- l- pyrrolidinkarboks-ylat ( 3- 3)
En løsning av boran-tetrahydrofurankompleks i THF (1 M, 53,0 ml, 53,0 mmol, 3,50 ekv.) ble tilsatt til en løsning av (2S,4R)-1-[(benzyloksy)karbonyl]-4-metoksy-2-pyrrolidinkarboks-ylsyre (3-2, 4,23 g, 15,1 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 200 ml THF ved 0 °C. Den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 23 °C og omrørt i 1 time. Overskudd av boran ble forsiktig ødelagt med vann. Blandingen ble deretter fordelt mellom 300 ml a-v en 1:1 blanding av mettet natriumkarbonatløsning og saltvann og 300 ml etylacetat. Det organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (100% heksan i starten, gradvis opp til 100% EtOAc) under dannelse av benzyl-(2S,4R)-2-(hydroksymetyl)-4-metoksy-l-pyrrolidinkarboksylat (3-3) som en fargeløs olje.<1>H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) hovedrotamer: 6 7,37-7,25 (br m, 5H), 5,18 (d, 1H, J = 12,4 Hz), 5,13 (d, 1H, J = 12,2 Hz), 4,51 (dd, 1H, J = 8,3, 2,2 Hz), 3,86 (m, 1H),. 3,78 (dd, 1H, J = 11,7, 2,2 Hz), 3,72 (br d, 1H, J = 11,7 Hz), 3,61 (ddd, 1H, J = 9,8, 7,4, 2,2Hz), 3,44 (dd, 1H, J = 12,2, 4,4 Hz), 3,30 (s, 3H), 2,18 (m, 1H), 1,64 (m, 1H).
Benzyl-( 2S, 4R)- 4- metoksy- 2-{[( metylsulfonyl) oksy] metyl}- l-pyrrolidinkarboksylat ( 3- 4)
Metansulfonylklorid (0,175 ml, 2,26 mmol, 1,2 ekv.) ble tilsatt til en løsning av (2S,4R)-2-(hydroksymetyl)-4-metoksy-l-pyrrolidinkarboksylat (3-3, 0,500 g, 1,88 mmol, 1 ekv.) og trietylamin (0,394 ml, 2,83 mmol, 1,50 ekv.) i 30 ml diklormetan ved 0 °C. Den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 23 °C og omrørt 1 1 time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom mettet, vandig natriumbikarbonatløsning og diklormetan (2 x 40 ml). De kombinerte, organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (100% heksan i starten, gradvis opp til 100% EtOAc) under dannelse av benzyl-(2S,4R)-4-metoksy-2-{[(metylsulfonyl)oksy]metyl}-1-pyrrolidin-karboksylat (3-4) som en lysegul olje.<X>H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) hovedrotamer: 6 7,37-7,25 (br m, 5H), 5,17 (d, 1H, J = 11,8 Hz), 5.10 (d, 1H, J = 11,8 Hz), 4,65 (dd, 1H, J = 8,3, 3,8 Hz), 4,24 (br m, 2H), 3,95 (m, 1H), 3,68 (br d, 1H, J = 12,0 Hz), 3,45 (dd, 1H, J = 12,0, 4,4 Hz), 3,30 (s, 3H), 2,88 (s, 3H), 2,39 (m, 1H), 2,12 (m, 1H).
tert.- butyl- 5-({( 2S, 4R)- 1-[( benzyloksy) karbonyl]- 4- metoksy-pyrrolidinyl} metoksy)- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)-lH-indol-1-karboksylat ( 3- 5)
En blanding av benzyl-(2S,4R)-4-metoksy-2-{[(metylsulfonyl) oksy]metyl}-l-pyrrolidinkarboksylat (3-4, 380 mg,
1.11 mmol, 1 ekv.), 2-B (437 mg, 1,11 mmol, 1,00 ekv.) og cesiumkarbonat (433 mg, 1,33 mmol, 1,20 ekv.) i 5,0 ml DMF ble oppvarmet til 70 °C i 3 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom vann og etylacetat (2 x 50 ml). De kombinerte organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (100% heksan, gradvis til 40% EtOAc i heksan) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-({(2S,4R)-1-[(benzyloksy)karbonyl]-4-metoksypyrrolidinyl}metoksy)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (3-5).<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) hovedrotamer 5: 8,17 (m, 2H), 8,08 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,87 (br d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,78 (t, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,61 (t, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,38-7,22 (br m, 5H), 7,10 (br s, 1H), 6,94 (br m, 1H), 6,56 (s, 1H), 5,17 (br s, 2H), 4,35 (br m, 2H), 4,16 (br m, 2H),
3,60 (br m, 2H) , 3,34 (s, 3H), 2,88 (s, 3H), 2,32 (m, 1H), 2,23 (m, 1H) .
tert.- butyl- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- 5-{[( 2S, 4R)- 4- metoksypyrroli-dinyl] metoksy }- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 3- 6)
En blanding av tert.-butyl-5-({(2S,4R)-1-[(benzyloksy)-karbonyl]-4-metoksypyrrolidinyl}metoksy)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (3-5, 295 mg, 0,459 mmol, 1 ekv.) og 10% palladium på karbon (200 mg, 0,188 mmol, 0,410 ekv.) i 10 ml etanol ble omrørt under en hydrogenballong i 1,5 time. Katalysatoren ble filtrert over på en pute av celitt og vasket med 20 ml etanol. Filtratet ble konsentrert, og residuet ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (foO/CHaCN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-{[(2S,4R)-4-metoksypyrrolidinyl]metoksy}-lH-indol-1-karboksylat (3-6).<X>H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8,41 (s, 1H), 8,23 (d, 1H, J = 9,3 Hz), 8,02 (br t, 2H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,86 (br t, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,70 (br t, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,25 (d, 1H, J = 2,4 Hz), 7,09 (dd, 1H, J= 9,0, 2,7), 6,73 (s, 1H), 4,45 (m, 1H) , 4,23 (br m, 3H), 3,51 (br d, 1H, J = 12,7 Hz), 3,41 (dd, 1H, J = 12,7, 3,4 Hz), 3,40 (s, 3H), 2,47 (m, 1H), 2,06 (m, 1H).
3-( 5-{[( 2S, 4R)- 4- mketoksypyrrolidinyl] metoksy}- lH- indol- 2- yl)-2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 3- 7)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-{[(2S,4R)-4-metoksypyrrolidinyl]metoksy}-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (6-6, 29 mg, 0,057 mmol) ble oppvarmet i en 8:1 blanding av eddiksyre og vann (5 ml) til 90 °C i 1,5 time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble avkjølt og konsentrert, og residuet ble renset ved reversfasevæskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av 3-(5-{[(2S,4R)-4-metoksy-pyrrolidinyl]metoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (3-7) som et gult, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8,45 (s, 1H), 7,75 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,53 (br t, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,9 Hz), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,29 (br t, 1H, J = 7,3 Hz), 7,19 (s, 1H), 7,17 (d, 1H, J = 2,4 Hz), 6,89 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 2,4 Hz), 4,39 (dd, 1H, J = 10,2, 2,8 Hz), 4,25 (m, 1H), 4,20 (m, 1H), 4,14 (m, 1H), 3,49 (dd, 1H, J = 13,9, 6,9 Hz), 3,41 (dd, 1H, J = 12,6, 3,6 Hz), 3,39 (s, 3H), 2,45 (br dd, 1H, J = 13,9, 6,5 Hz), 2,05 (m, 1H).
Forbindelser 3-8 og 3-9 i tabell 3 nedenfor ble fremstilt ved enkle modifikasjoner av protokollene beskrevet ovenfor. Utvalgte NMR-spektré for 3-8 og 3-9 er som følger: 3-8,<*>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 11,1 (s, 1H), 9,27 (br s, 1H), 8,62 (s, 2H), 8,32 (s, 1H), 7,68 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,34 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,29 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,19 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,07 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 6,96 (br s, 1H), 6,87 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,25 (d, 1H, J = 14 Hz), 4,05 (m, 2H), 3,94 (m, 1H) , 3,58 (d, 1H, J = 14 Hz), 3,36-3,22 (m, 2H), 3,30 (s, 3H), 2,71 (s, 3H), 2,38 (m, 1H), 2,12 (m, 1H), 1,96 (m, 1H). 3-9,<X>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 12,2 (s, 1H) , 11,4 (s, 1H), 8,51 (s, 1H), 8,13 (d, 2H, J = 7 Hz), 7,72 (d, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,42-7,32 (m, 4H), 7,24 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,20 (s, 1H), 7,05 (s, 1H), 6,74 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,13 (d, 1H, J = 14 Hz), 4,04 (m, 1H), 3,91 (m, 2H), 3,54 (d, 1H, J = 14 Hz), 3,20 (s, 3H), 3,20-3,13 (m, 2H), 2,31 (m, 1H), 2,01 (m, 1H), 1,86 (m, 1H).
1-( 2-{[ 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- 5- yl] oksy}-etyl)- 4- piperidinkarboksylsyre- etylester ( 4- 1)
Forbindelse 4-1 ble syntetisert ved protokollen beskrevet i reaksjonsskjema 1 ovenfor.
1-( 2-{[ 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- 5- ylj oksy}-etyl)- 4- piperidinkarboksylsyre ( 4- 2)
1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyre-etylester (4-1, 138 mg, 0,30 mmol, 1 ekv.) ble oppløst i 20 ml MeOH. 1 N NaOH (6 ml,
20 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og løsningen ble oppvarmet til 50 °C i
5 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble suspendert i 4 ml vann. Denne suspensjon ble nøytralisert med 1 N
HC1 under dannelse av 1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyre (4-2) som et gult, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) 6 8,45 (s, 1H), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,53 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,38 (m, 2H), 7,28 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,19 (s, 1H), 7,16 (s, 1H), 6,88 (dd, 1H, J = 9,2 Hz), 4,34 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,53 (m, 2H), 3,47 (m, 2H), 3,07 (m, 2H), 2,42 (m, 1H), 2,11 (m, 2H), 1,95 (m, 2H).
Forbindelser 4-3 og 4-4 i tabell 4 nedenfor ble fremstilt ved enkle modifikasjoner av hydrolysebetingelsene beskrevet ovenfor. De tilsvarende esterforløpere ble fremstilt ved alkyler-ingskjemi analog med den som er vist i reaksjonsskjema 1 og 3. Utvalgte NMR-spektre for 4-3 og 4-4 er som følger: 4-3,<*>H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8,44 (s, 1H), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,34 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,28 (t, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 7,18 (br s, 1H), 6,92 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 4,36 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,74 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,62 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,45 (m, 4H), 3,36 (s, 3H), 2,61 (t, 2H, J = 5 Hz). 4-4,<X>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 12,1 (s, 1H), 11,5 (s, 1H), 8,50 .(s, 1H) , 7,73 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,42 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,37 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,21 (s, 1H), 7,05 (s, 1H), 6,76 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,02 (m, 2H), 3,15-2,75 (m, 4H), 2,4-1,5 (m, 9H).
( lH- indol- 5- yl) metanol ( 5- 2)
Til en mekanisk omrørt løsning av lH-indol-5-karboksylsyre (5-1, 20,01 g, 124 mmol) i 500 ml THF ble det langsomt tilsatt ved omgivende temperatur en løsning av 1 M LAH i toluen (186 ml, 186 mmol, 1,5 ekv.). Reaksjonsblandingen ble oppvarmet til tilbakeløpskokning i 1 time, reaksjonen ble stanset med is, blandingen ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHC03. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgS04) og konsentrert i vakuum. Det urene produkt stivnet ved henstand under redusert trykk. Det urene, faste materiale ble suspendert i 200 ml heksan og 10 ml etylacetat, ble omrørt over natten, oppsamlet ved filtrering og lufttørket under dannelse av det ønskede produkt som et lysebrunt, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,24 (br s, 1H) , 7,62 (s, 1H), 7,36 (d, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,23 (d, 1H, J = 8,4 Hz), 7,20 (s, 1H), 6,54 (s, 1H), 4,75 (s, 2H) , 1,68 (s, 1H) .
5-( tert.- butyldimetylsilanyloksymetyl) indol- l- karboksylsyre-tert . - butylester ( 5- 3)
En omrørt løsning av (lH-indol-5-yl)metanol (5-2,
16,5 g, 112,1 mmol) i 300 ml diklormetan ble behandlet ved omgivende temperatur med diisopropyletylamin (39 ml, 224,2 mmol, 2 ekv.), tert.-butyldimetylsilylklorid (18,6 g, 123,3 mmol,
I, 1 ekv.) og 4-(N,N-dimetylamino)pyridin (1,37 g, 11,2 mmol,
0,1 ekv.). Reaksjonsblandingen ble omrørt ved romtemperatur i 30 minutter, ble konsentrert i vakuum og fordelt mellom etylacetat og 0,5 N HC1. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgSC>4) og konsentrert i vakuum under dannelse av den urene silyleter som et lysebrunt, fast materiale. Det urene produkt og di-tert.-butyldikarbonat (26,9 g, 123,3 mmol) ble oppløst i 300 ml diklormetan og ble omrørt ved omgivende temperatur i nærvær av 4-(N,N-dimetylamino)pyridin (1,37 g,
II, 2 mmol) i 2 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert i vakuum, ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og 0,5 N HC1. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgSCu) og konsentrert i vakuum under dannelse av uren olje. Kromatografi (Si02, 10% etylacetat i heksan) ga 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksymetyl) indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert . -butylester (5-3) som et hvitt, fast materiale:<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 7,97 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,47 (d, 1H, J = 3,2 Hz), 7,41 (s, 1H), 7,15 (d, 1H, J = 7,7 Hz), 6,44 (d, 1H, J = 3,6 Hz), 4,72 (s, 2H), 1,56 (s, 9H), 0,84 (s, 9H), 0,00 (s, 6H).
5-( tert.- butyldimetylsilanyloksymetyl) indol- l- tert.- butyloksy-karbonylindol- 2- borsyre ( 5- 4)
Til en omrørt løsning av 5-(tert.-butyldimetylsilanyloksymetyl) indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert . -butylester (5-3, 38,6 g, 106,7 mmol) i 400 ml tetrahydrofuran ble langsomt tilsatt ved
-78 °C en løsning av litiumdiisopropylamid i tetrahydrofuran
(2 M, 80,1 ml, 160,1 mmol, 1,5 ekv.). Reaksjonsblandingen ble omrørt ved samme temperatur i 1 time, ble behandlet med trimetylborat, oppvarmet til omgivende temperatur og fordelt mellom etylacetat og 0,5 N HC1. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgSC^) og konsentrert i vakuum under dannelse av det urene, faste materiale. Triturering av det urene produkt med heksan, etterfulgt av filtrering og lufttørking ga
den ønskede borsyre (5-4) som et hvitt pulver:<1>R NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) 6 7, 96 (d, 1H, J = 6,8 Hz), 7,54 (s, 1H), 7,47 (s, 1H) , 7,32 (d, 1H, J = 6,8 Hz), 7,10 (s, 1H), 4,82 (s, 2H), 1,74 (s, 9H), 0,95 (s, 9H), 0,11 (s, 6H) .
3- jod- lH- kinolin- 2- on ( 5- 5)
2-klor-3-jodkinolinet (1-2, 30,0 g) ble oppveid i en 250 ml kolbe og suspendert i 125 ml 50% vandig eddiksyre. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 100 °C og fikk koke under tilbake-løpskjøling i 16 timer til fullførelse som bestemt ved TLC-analyse a.v den urene reaksjonsblanding. Blandingen fikk avkjøles til omgivende temperatur etterfulgt av fortynning med 200 ml vann. Den resulterende suspensjon av det ønskede produkt ble isolert ved vakuumfiltrering, etterfulgt av vasking med 50 ml vann. Vannet og spor av eddiksyre ble fjernet under vakuum i 5 timer under dannelse av det ønskede kinolinon som et brunt pulver (5-5).<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 12,13 (br s, 1H) , 8,71 (s, 1H), 7,65 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,54 (m, 1H), 7,31 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,20 (m, 1H).
5- hydroksymetyl- 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydrokinolin- 3- yl) indol- l-karboksylsyre- tert .- butylester ( 5- 7)
En omrørt blanding av jodkinolinonet (5-5, 10 g,
36,9 mmol, 1 ekv.), borsyren (5-4, 7,5 g, 18,45 mmol, 0,5 ekv.), tetrakis(trifenylfosfin)palladium (1,71 g, 1,48 mmol, 0,04 ekv.) og litiumklorid (4,69 g, 110,7 mmol, 3 ekv.) i dioksan/2 M vandig Na2C03ble avgasset og oppvarmet til 80 °C inntil borsyren ikke ble påvist ved tynnsjiktskromatografi. Ytterligere borsyre (0,2 ekv. av gangen) ble tilsatt til reaksjonsblandingen inntil alt av jodkinolinon (5-5) var fullstendig forbrukt (1,5 ekvi-valent av borsyren, 5-4, totalt, var nødvendig). Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHC03. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgS04) og konsentrert i vakuum. Den urene olje (5-6) ble oppløst i 100 ml tetrahydrofuran, ble overført til PEG-flaske, behandlet ved 0 °C med 15 ml HF-pyridin og omrørt i 1 time ved omgivende temperatur. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHCG-3. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (MgSC^) og konsentrert i
vakuum. Det urene, faste materiale ble triturert med etylacetat og heksan, ble oppsamlet ved filtrering og lufttørket under dannelse av det ønskede produkt (5-7) som et lysegult, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,1 (s, 1H), 8,07 (s, 1H), 8,03 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,55 (s, 1H), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,35 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,30 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,22 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 6,77 (s, 1H), 5,21 (t, 1H, J = 5,5 Hz), 4,60 (d, 2H, J = 5,5 Hz), 1,35 (s, 9H).
5- formyl- 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydrokinolin- 3- yl) indol- l- karboksylsyre-tert . - butylester ( 5- 8)
Preaktivert Mn02(34,5 g, 15 ekv.) og alkoholen (5-7, 10,32 g, 1,0 ekv.) ble oppveid i en 1-liters kolbe og suspendert i 500 ml tørt diklormetan. Reaksjonsblandingen ble oppvarmet til 45 °C og ble fullført som vist ved tynnsjiktskromatografi etter 1 time. Blandingen fikk avkjøles til omgivende temperatur, og manganoksidet ble fjernet ved vakuumfiltrering. Den resulterende pute av oksidet på filteret ble triturert med varm THF, og løs-ningsmidlet ble filtrert under vakuum for å fjerne ethvert produkt fra oksidene. Det resulterende filtrat ble konsentrert i vakuum under dannelse av urent aldehyd som et gult>fast materiale. Det faste materiale ble triturert med 10 ml metanol og 15 ml etylacetat, etterfulgt av vakuumfiltrering for å isolere det urene produkt. Det lysegule aldehyd ble tørket under vakuum (5-8).<*>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 12,15 (s, 1H), 10,08 (s, 1H), 8,26 (d, 1H, J = 1,5 Hz), 8,24 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 8,15 (s, 1H), 7,90 (dd, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,5 Hz), 7,77 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,55 (m, 1H), 7,37 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,24 (m, 1H), 7,01 (s, 1H).
5-( 4- metansulfonylpiperazin- l- ylmetyl)- 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydrokinolin- 3- yl) indol- l- karboksylsyre- tert.- butylester ( 5- 9)
Til en omrørt løsning av aldehydet (5-8, 2,01 g,
5,15 mmol, 1 ekv.) og N-metansulfonylpiperazineddiksyresalt (4,62 g, 20,60 mmol, 4 ekv.) i 400 ml dikloretan ble det tilsatt 1,2 ml eddiksyre ved omgivende temperatur. Reaksjonsblandingen ble behandlet med natriumtriacetoksyborhydrid og ble omrørt i 3 timer. Reaksjonen stoppet ved 76% omdannelse, og blandingen ble behandlet med MgSCuog ytterligere 1 g av hydridet. Etter ytterligere omrøring i 1 time var reaksjonen fullført. Reaksjons-
blandingen ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHCC>3. Det organiske lag ble igjen vasket med mettet, vandig NaHC03 og deretter med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket med (Na2S04) og konsentrert i vakuum. Det urene, faste materiale ble oppløst i dimetylformamid og behandlet med aktivert karbon. Filtratløs-ningen (celitt) ble konsentrert til sirup som ble raskt triturert med 100 ml metanol. Det resulterende faste materiale ble oppsamlet ved filtrering, ble oppløst på nytt i dimetylformamid, konsentrert til sirup, triturert med 100 ml metanol, oppsamlet ved filtrering og vakuumtørket under dannelse av 5-(4-metansulfonylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-2-(2-okso-l, 2-dihydrokinolin-3-yl)-indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert.-butylester (5-9) som et hvitt pulver.<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,06 (s, 1H), 8,06 (s, 1H), 8,04 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,55 (s, 1H), 7,53 (dt, 1H, J = 8,0, 1,5 Hz), 7,35 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,30 (dd, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,5 Hz), 7,22 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 6,76 (s, 1H) , 3,62 (s, 2H) , 3,16 (m, 4H), 2,87 (s, 3H), 2,48 (m, 4H), 1,35 (s, 9H) .
3-[ 5-( 4- metansulfonylpiperazin- l- ylmetyl)- lH- indol- 2- yl]- 1H-kinolin- 2- on ( 5- 10)
En blanding av 5-(4-metansulfonylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydrokinolin-3-yl)indol-l-karboksylsyre-tert.-butylester (5-9, 1,02 g, 1,863 mmol), 1,2 ml dimetylsulfid,
0,6 ml vann og 40 ml TFA i 40 ml diklormetan ble omrørt i 1,5 time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert i vakuum, ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHC03. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (Na2S04) og konsentrert i vakuum. Det resulterende urene, faste materiale ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av trifluoreddiksyresalt av 5-10. Alle fraksjoner inneholdende det ønskede produkt, ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHC03. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble fraskilt, tørket (Na2S04) og konsentrert i vakuum under dannelse av 3-[5-(4-metansulfonylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl) -lH-indol-2-yl] -lH-kinolin-2-on (5-10) som et klart gult, fast materiale.<*>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,07 (s, 1H), 11,54 (s, 1H), 8,53 (s, 1H), 7,73 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,47-7,46 (m, 2H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz),
7,29 (br s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,08 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 3,57 (s, 2H), 3,11 (m, 4H), 2,87 (s, 3H), 2,48 (m, 4H).
3-[ 5-( 4- metansulfonyl- l- oksypiperazin- l- ylmetyl)- lH- indol- 2- yl]-lH- kinolin- 2- on ( 5- 11)
En løsning av 5-10 (50 g, 0,11 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 125 ml CH2C12ble behandlet ved omgivende temperatur med mCPBA (70%, 35 mg, 0,143 mmol). Reaksjonsblandingen ble omrørt i 1 time og konsentrert i vakuum. Det resulterende urene, fastemateriale ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av trifluoreddiksyresalt av 5-11;<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSC~d6) 8 12,57 (s, 1H) , 12,22 (s, 1H), 11,86 (s, 1H) , 8,60 (s, 1H), 7,79 (bs, 1H), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,64 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,54 (m, 1H), 7,40 (m, 2H), 7,28 (m, 2H), 4,97 (s, 2H), 3,85 (t, 2H, J = 11,7 Hz), 3,73 (d, 2H, J = 13,2 Hz), 3,61 (d, 2H, J = 12,5 Hz), 3,34 (t, 2H, J = 11,9 Hz), 3,04 (s, 3H).
Forbindelsene 5-14, 5-20, 5-23, 5-31 og 5-37 i tabell 5 nedenfor ble fremstilt ved enkle modifikasjoner av protokollene beskrevet ovenfor. Utvalgte spektre er som følger: 5-14,<1>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,18 (s, 1H), 11,52 (s, 1H), 8,52 (s, 1H), 7,73 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,52 (dt, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,0 Hz), 7,46 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 7,45 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,29 (s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,08 (dd, 1H, J = 8,0, 1,0 Hz), 3,55 (s, 2H), 3,42 (m, 4H), 2,38 (m, 2H), 2,32 (m, 2H) , 1,97 (s, 3H); 5-20,<X>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,16 (s, 1H) , 11,53 (s, 1H) , 8,52 (s, 1H), 7,73 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,52 (dt, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,0 Hz), 7,46 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 7,45 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,29 (s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,08 (dd, 1H, J = 8,0, 1,0 Hz), 3,61 (s, 2H), 3,42 (m, 2H), 2,83 (s, 3H), 2,54-2,50 (m, 6H) ; 5-23,<*>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSC~d6) 5 12,15 (br s, 1H), 11,51 (s, 1H), 8,53 (s, 1H), 7,73 (d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,52 (dt, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,0 Hz), 7,45 (d, 1H, J = 9,0 Hz), 7,44 (s, 1H) , 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,29 (s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,08 (dd, 1H, J = 8,0, 1,0 Hz), 3,48 (s, 2H) , 2,68 (m, 4H), 2,52 (s, 1H) , 2,30 (m, 4H) ; 5-37,<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-de) 5 12,16 (br s, 1H), 11,53 (s, 1H), 8,52 (s, 1H), 7,73
(d, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,52 (dt, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,0 Hz), 7,47 (d, 1H,
J = 9,0 Hz), 7,46 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,29 (d, 1H, J = 1,0 Hz), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,08 (dd, 1H, J = 8,0, 1,0 Hz), 4,51 (t, 1H, J = 5,5 Hz), 4,06 (d, 1H, J = 5,5 Hz), 3,55 (s, 2H), 3,46 (m, 2H), 3,32 (m, 2H), 2,36 (m, 4H).
Karboksylsyrer (5-31) ble syntetisert fra moderesterne ved hydrolyse (NaOH/EtOH ved 90 °C) . Utgangsesteren (57 mg,
0,124 mmol) ble oppløst i 1 ml EtOH og 1 ml 1 N NaOH. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 90 °C. Reaksjonen ble overvåket ved LC/MS. Utgangsmaterialet var helt ut omdannet til produkt etter omrøring i 7 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble kondensert, og residuet ble oppløst i trifluoreddiksyre. Overskuddet av trifluoreddiksyre ble fjernet på rotasjonsfordamper. Residuet ble tatt opp i vann, og materialet ble sentrifugert. Vannet ble dekantert, og det faste materiale ble analysert ved HPLC med hensyn til renhet. Produktet (5-31) ble isolert som et gult, fast materiale.<1>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 12,06 (s, 1H), 11,7 (s, 1H) , 8,58 (s, 1H), 7,74 (d, 1H), 7, 60-7,52 (m, 3H), 4,3 (bs, 1H) , 2,24 (m, 4H), 2,15 (m, 4H), 1,12 (bs, 3H).
2- ( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl.) - lH- iridol- 5- karboksylsyre ( 6- 1) En løsning av 2-(2-okso-l, 2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-1H-indol-5-karbaldehyd (5-8, 500 mg, 1,29 mmol, 1 ekv.) i en 4:1 blanding av THF og t-BuOH ble behandlet med 8 ml 2-metylbuten, en vandig løsning av monobasisk natriumfosfat (0,14 M, 355,2 mg, 2,57 mmol, 2,00 ekv.) og natriumkloritt (232,8 mg, 2,57 mmol, 2,00 ekv.). Ytterligere fast monobasisk natriumfosfat (380 mg, 2,76 mmol, 2,14 ekv.) og natriumkloritt (300 mg, 3,32 mmol, 2,57 ekv.) ble tilsatt i 2 like porsjoner i løpet av 2,5 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble oppløst i 60 ml EtOAc, ble deretter vasket to ganger med en 25:1 blanding av vandig 10% natriumbisulfittløsning og 10% kaliumhydrogen-sulfatløsning (2 x 50 ml). Det organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat, konsentrert og kombinert med et bunnfall i det vandige lag som ble filtrert og tørket til 2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3- kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-karboksylsyre (6-1) som et gråhvitt, fast materiale.<*>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) 6 12,13 (s, 1H), 8,27 (s, 1H), 8,14 (m, 3H), 7,95 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,76 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,54 (t, 1H, J = 7,8), 7,36 (d, 1H, J = 7,8), 7,24 (t, 1H, J = 7,8) 1,36 (s, 9H).
tert.- butyl- 5-{[ 4-( tert.- butoksykarbonyl)- 1- piperazinyl] kar-bonyl}- 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- l- karboksylat
( 6- 2)
En løsning av 2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-1H-indol-5-karboksylsyre (6-1, 130 mg, 0,321 mmol, 1 ekv.), tert.-butyl-l-piperazinkarboksylat (71,8 mg, 0,39 mmol, 1,20 ekv.), 1-(3-dimetylaminopropyl)-3-etylkarbodiimidhydroklorid (73,5 mg, 0,39 mmol, 1,20 ekv.), l-hydroksy-7-azabenzotriazol (52,5 mg, 0,39 mmol, 1,20 ekv.) og trietylamin (112 ul, 0,80 mmol,
2,50 ekv.) i 5 ml DMF ble omrørt i 20 timer. Løsningen ble fordelt mellom 3 x 100 ml EtOAc og 120 ml vann. De kombinerte, organiske lag ble vasket med 200 ml saltvann, ble tørket over natriumsulfat og deretter konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-{[4-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-1-piperazinyl]karbonyl}-2-(2-okso-1,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (6-2).
<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,30 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,95 (s, 1H) , 7,69 (s, 1H), 7,62 (d, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 6,6 Hz), 7,40 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 7,2 Hz), 6,73 (s, 1H), 3,55-3,35 (br m, 8H), 1,48 (s, 9H), 1,39 (s, 9H).
3-[ 5-( 1- piperazinylkarbonyl)- lH- indol- 2- yl]- 2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 6- 3)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-{[4-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl) -1-piperazinyl]karbonyl}-2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (6-2, 213 mg-, 0,373 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 40 ml av en 1:1 blanding av CH2CI2og trifluoreddiksyre ble behandlet med 3 dråper DMSO og H20, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet ved tilbakeløpskokning i 45 minutter. Løsningen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble tørket ved azeotrop fjerning av vann under anvendelse av 100 ml av en 90:10 blanding av toluen og metanol. Det ble deretter renset ved reversfase-kromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av 3-[5-(1-piperazinylkarbonyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon (6-3) som et TFA-salt (brunt, fast materiale).<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) 8 12,21 (s, 1H), 11,83 (s, 1H), 8,59 (s, 1H), 7,75 (d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,74 (s, 1H), 7,59 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,54 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,42 (s, 1H), 7,39 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,25 (m, 2H), 3,86-3,15 (br m, 8H).
Forbindelser 6-4 og 6-5 i tabell 6 nedenfor ble fremstilt ved enkel modifisering av protokollene beskrevet ovenfor. Utvalgte spektre er som følger: 6-4,<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,21 (s, 1H), 11,77 (s, 1H), 8,58 (s, 1H), 7,75 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,63 (s, 1H), 7,55 (m, 2H), 7,39 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,60 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,15 (d, 1H, J 8,3 Hz), 3,53 (br m, 4H), 2,33 (br m, 4H), 2,21 (s, 3H). 6-5,
<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 11,79 (s, 1H), 8,58 (s, 1H), 8,36 (br t, 1H, J 6 Hz), 8,13 (s, 1H), 7,75 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,65 (d, 1H, J 8,8 Hz), 7,55 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 7,53 (t, 1H, J 8,3 Hz), 7,40 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 3,17 (br t, 2H, J = 5,7 Hz), 3,07 (br d, 2H, J = 12,9 Hz), 2,59 (m, 2H), 1,71 (br m, 3H) , 1,17 (m, 2H) .
tert.- butyl- 5-({[ tert.- butyl( dimetyl) silyl] oksy} metyl)- 2-( 2- klor-3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 7- 1)
1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-5-({[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)-silyl]oksy}metyl)-lH-indol-2-ylborsyre (5-4, 5,60 g, 13,8 mmol, 2,00 ekv.) ble tilsatt i 4 like porsjoner i løpet av 8 timer til en deoksygenert løsning av 2-klor-3-jodkinolin (1-2, 2,00 g,
6,91 mmol, 1 ekv.), litiumklorid (0,878 g, 20,7 mmol, 3,00 ekv.), tetrakis(trifenylfosfin)palladium (0,400 g, 0,346 mmol, 0,0500 ekv.) og vandig natriumkarbonatløsning (2 M, 10,4 ml, 20,7 mmol, 3,00 ekv.) i 50 ml dioksan ved 80 °C, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet i ytterligere 12 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble avkjølt og deretter fordelt mellom saltvann og etylacetat (2 x 200 ml). De kombinerte, organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekroma-tograf i (100% heksan i starten, gradert opp til 50% EtOAc i heksan) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-({[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)-silyl]oksy}metyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat
(7-1) som en fargeløs olje.<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 8 8,25 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 8,18 (s, 1H), 8,07 (d, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 7,87 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,77 (br t, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,61 (br t, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,58 (s, 1H), 7,45 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 6,65 (s, 1H), 4,87
(s, 2H), 1,27 (s, 9H), 0,97 (s, 9H), 0,13 (s, 6H).
tert.- butyl- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- 5-( hydroksymetyl)- lH- indol- 1-karboksylat ( 7- 2)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-({[tert.-butyl(dimetyl)-silyl]oksy}metyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-1, 2,50 g, 4,78 mmol, 1 ekv.) og trietylamintrihydrofluorid (3,89 ml, 23,9 mmol, 5,00 ekv.) i 100 ml acetonitril ble oppvarmet til 50 °C i 3 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble forsiktig fordelt mellom mettet natriumbikarbonatløsning og etylacetat (2 x 100 ml). De kombinerte, organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-(hydroksymetyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-2) som et brunt skum.<1>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 6 8,31 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 8,19 (s, 1H), 8,08 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,87 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,78 (br t, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,63. (s, 1H) , 7,62 (br t, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,41 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 6,66 (s, 1H), 4,82 (d, 2H, J = 4,9 Hz), 1,81 (br s, 1H), 1,27 (s, 9H).
tert.- butyl- 5-( azidometyl)- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- 1-karboksylat ( 7- 3)
l,8-diazabisyklo[5.4.0]undek-7-en (0,400 ml, 2,69 mmol, 1,10 ekv.) ble tilsatt dråpevis i løpet av 2 minutter til en løsning av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-(hydroksymetyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-2, 1,00 g, 2,45 mmol, 1 ekv.) og difenylfosforylazid (0,580 ml, 2,69 mmol, 1,10 ekv.) i 20 ml THF ved 0 °C. Den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 23 °C og omrørt i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom mettet natriumbikarbonatløsning og etylacetat (2 x 75 ml). De kombinerte, organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonnekromatografi (100% heksan, gradvis opp til 50% EtOAc i heksan) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-(azidometyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-3) som en fargeløs olje.<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,34 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 8,19 (s, 1H), 8,08 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,88 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,79 (br t, 1H, J. = 8,1 Hz), 7,62 (br t, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,58 (s, 1H), 7,36 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 1,5 Hz), 6,68 (s, 1H), 4,46 (s, 2H), 1,27 (s, 9H).
tert.- butyl- 5-( aminometyl)- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- 1-karboksylat ( 7- 4)
En blanding av tert.-butyl-5-(azidometyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-3, 730 mg, 1,68 mmol) i 50 ml EtOAc og 146 mg 10% Pd/C ble omrørt under en hydrogenballong ved 23 °C i 2 timer. Katalysatoren ble filtrert og vasket med 50 ml EtOAc. Det kombinerte filtrat ble konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-(aminometyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-1H-indol-l-karboksylat (7-4) som et hvitt skum.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,27 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 8,18 (s, 1H), 8,07 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,86 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,78 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,61 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,56 (s, 1H), 7,35 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 6,64 (s, 1H), 4,00 (s, 2H), 1,27 (s, 9H).
tert.- butyl- 5-[({[ 1-( tert.- butoksykarbonyl)- 4- piperidinyl]-karbonyl} amino) metyl]- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)-lH-indol-1-karboksylat ( 7- 5)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-(aminometyl)-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-4, 204 mg, 0,5 mmol,
1 ekv.), HOAT (68 mg, 0,5 mmol, 1 ekv.), trietylamin (101 mg,
1,0 mmol, 2 ekv.), EDC (144 mg, 0,75 mmol, 1,5 ekv.) og 1-BOC-piperidin-4-karboksylsyre (126 mg, 0,55 mmol, 1,1 ekv.) i 5 ml DMF ble omrørt ved omgivende betingelser i 18 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom etylacetat og mettet, vandig NaHC03-løsning. Det organiske lag ble vasket med saltvann, ble tørket over magnesiumsulfat og konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-[({[1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)r4-piperidinyl]karbonyl}amino)metyl]-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-5) som et hvitt skum.<1>H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 6 8,25 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 8,16 (s, 1H), 8,05 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,85 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,76 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,59 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,49 (s, 1H), 7,28 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 6,61 (s, 1H), 4,48 (d, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 4,12 (m, 2H), 2,72 (m, 2H), 2,26 (m, 1H), 1,84 (m, 2H), 1,65 (m, 2H), 1,42 (s, 9H), 1,25 (s, 9H) .
N-{[ 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- 5- yl] metyl}- 4-piperidinkarboksamid ( 7- 6)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-[({[1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl) -4-piperidinyl]karbonyl}amino)metyl]-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-5, 310 mg, 0,5 mmol) i 20 ml 50% vandig eddiksyre ble oppvarmet til 100 °C i 18 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble oppløst i en 1:1 blanding av metanol og vandig 1 N NaOH-løs-ning. Denne løsning ble omrørt under omgivende betingelser i 2 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av trifluoreddiksyresaltet av N-{[2-(2-okso-l, 2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]metyl}-4-piperidinkarboksamid (7-6) som et gult, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 12,20 (s, 1H), 11,58 (s, 1H), 8,53 (b s, 2H), 8,41 (t, 1H, J = 5 Hz), 7,72 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,52 (t, J = 8 Hz), 7,46 (d, 1H, J 8 Hz), 7,42 (s, 1H), 7,38 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,29 (s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,01 (dd, 1H, J = 8,2 Hz), 4,33 (d, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 3,32 (m, 2H), 2,90 (m, 2H), 2,48 (m, 1H), 1,89 (m, 2H) , 1,78 (m, 2H). tert.-butyl-2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- 5- formyl- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 8- 1) En blanding av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-(hydroksymetyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (7-2, 800 mg, 1,96 mmol, 1 ekv.) og Mn02(850 mg, 9,8 mmol, 5,00 ekv.) i 100 ml diklormetan ble oppvarmet til tilbakeløpskokning i 1,5 time. Ytterligere Mn02(700 mg, 8,05 mmol, 4,10 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og oppvarmingen ble fortsatt i 1 time. Katalysatoren ble filtrert og vasket med 100 ml diklormetan. Det kombinerte filtrat ble konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-formyl-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (8-1) som et hvitt skum.<1>H NMR (500 MHz, CDCI3) 5 10,11 (s, 1H), 8,47 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 8,22 (s, 1H), 8,16 (d, 1H, J = 1,0 Hz), 8,09 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,95 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 1,7 Hz), 7,89 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,81 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,64 (br t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 6,80 (s, 1H), 1,27 (s, 9H) .
tert.- butyl- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- 5-( l- hydroksyetyl)- lH- indol- 1-karboksylat ( 8- 2)
En løsning av metylmagnesiumbromid i THF (3 M, 0,85 ml, 2,56 mmol, 1,3 ekv.) ble tilsatt til en løsning av 2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-formyl-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (8-1, 800 mg,
2,0 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 25 ml THF ved 0 °C, og den resulterende blanding ble omrørt i 30 minutter. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom pH 7 fosfatbufferløsning og etylacetat (2 x 100 ml). De kombinerte, organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved flashkolonne-kromatograf i (100% heksan, gradvis til 70% EtOAc i heksan) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-(l-hydroksy-etyl) -lH-indol-l-karboksylat (8-2) som et hvitt skum.<X>H NMR
(500 MHz, CDCI3) 8 8,29 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 8,18 (s, 1H), 8,08 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,87 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,78 (br t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,64 (s, 1H), 7,61 (br t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,42 (dd, 1H, J = 8,6, 1,5 Hz), 6,66 (s, 1H), 5,05 (m, 1H), 1,58 (d, 3H, J = 6,6 Hz), 1,27 (s, 9H).
tert.- butyl- 5- acetyl- 2-( 2- klor- 3- kinolinyl)- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 8- 3)
En blanding av 2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-5-(l-hydroksy-etyl) -lH-indol-l-karboksylat (8-2, 840 mg, 1,99 mmol, 1 ekv.) og Mn02(863 mg, 9,93 mmol, 5,00 ekv.) i 30 ml diklormetan ble oppvarmet til tilbakeløpskokning i 1 time. Ytterligere Mn02
(500 mg, 5,75 mmol, 2,89 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og oppvarmingen ble fortsatt i 1 time. Katalysatoren ble filtrert og vasket med 100 ml diklormetan. Det kombinerte filtrat ble konsentrert under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-acetyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-1-karboksylat (8-3) som et hvitt skum.<l>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 8,38 (d, 1H, J = 8,8 Hz), 8,27 (d, 1H, J = 0,7 Hz), 8,21 (s, 1H), 8,09 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 8,04 (dd, 1H, J = 8,8, 1,2 Hz)-, 7,89
(d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), 7,80 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,63 (br t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 6,76 (s, 1H), 2,70 (s, 3H), 1,27 (s, 9H).
3-( 5- acetyl- lH- indol- 2- yl)- 2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 8- 4)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-acetyl-2-(2-klor-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-l-karboksylat (8-3, 400 mg, 0,95 mmol) ble oppvarmet i en 3:1 blanding av eddiksyre og vann til tilbakeløpskokning i 20 timer. Reaksjonsblandingen ble avkjølt og konsentrert til tørrhet. Residuet ble suspendert i 50 ml etyleter ved hjelp av lydbehandling, ble deretter filtrert og lufttørket under dannelse av 3-(5-acetyl-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (8-4) som et gult, fast materiale.<X>H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) 5 12,22 (s, 1H) , 11,94 (s, 1H), 8,59 (s, 1H), 8,31 (s, 1H), 7,76 (d, 2H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,60 (d, 1H, J = 8,6 Hz), 7,55 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 7,49 (s, 1H), 7,39 (d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,26 (t, 1H, J = 7,5 Hz), 2,62 (s, 3H).
3-{ 5-[ 1-( 4- morfolinyl) etyl]- lH- indol- 2- yl}- 2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 8- 5)
En blanding av 3-(5-acetyl-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (8-4, 50,0 mg, 0,165 mmol, 1 ekv.), morfolin (0,070 ml, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.), eddiksyre (0,050 ml, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.), natriumcyanborhydrid (52 mg, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.) og aktiverte, pulverformede 3 Ångstrøm molekylsiler i 15 ml vannfritt 20% dioksan i metanol ble oppvarmet til 50 °C i 8 timer. Ytterligere morfolin (0,070 ml, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.), eddiksyre (0,050 ml, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.) og natriumcyanborhydrid (52 mg, 0,83 mmol, 5,0 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og dette ble gjentatt tre ganger, hver 8. - 12. time i løpet av to dager. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom en 1:1 blanding av mettet natriumkarbonatløsning og saltvann og 100 ml etylacetat. Det organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av 3-{5-[1-(4-morfolinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon (8-5) som et gult, fast materiale.<1>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 11,15 (s, 1H), 9,28 (br s, 1H), 8,37 (s, 1H) , 7,72 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,57 (s, 1H), 7,54 (br t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,43 (d, 1H, J = 8,0 Hz), 7,32 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,27 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,22 (d, 1H, J = 7,9 Hz), 7,04 (s, 1H), 3,72 (m, 4H), 3,41 (q, 1H, J = 6,6 Hz), 2,56 (m, 2H), 2,43 (m, 2H), 1,46 (d, 1H, J = 6,6 Hz). Forbindelser 8-6 og 8-8 i tabell 7 nedenfor ble fremstilt via mindre modifikasjoner av protokollen vist i reaksjonsskjema 8. Utvalgte spektre er som følger: 8-6,<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 6 11,13 (s, 1H) , 9,76 (br s, 1H), 8,37 (s, 1H), 7,69 (d, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,60 (s, 1H), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,42 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,30 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,25 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,24 (d, 1H, J = 8,5 Hz), 7,02 (d, 1H, J = 1,2 Hz), 3,34 (br m, 1H), 2,64 (br m, 2H), 2,45 (br m, 2H), 1,79 (br m, 3H) , 1,50 (d, 3H, J = 6,6 Hz). 8-8,<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CDC13) 5 11,17 (s, 1H) , 9,74 (br s, 1H), 8,36 (s, 1H), 7,69 (d, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,53 (s, 1H), 7,52 (t, 1H, 7,6 Hz), 7,43 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,30 (t, 1H, J = 7,6 Hz), 7,25 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,19 (dd, 1H, J = 8,5, 1,5 Hz), 7,02 (d, 1H, J = 1,2 Hz), 3,66 (m, 1H), 3,56 (m, 1H), 3,49 (q, 1H, J = 6,6 Hz), 3,43 (m, 2H), 2,55 (m, 1H), 2,46 (m, 2H), 2,40 (m, 1H), 2,05 (s, 3H) , 1,46 (d, 3H, J = 6,6 Hz).
tert.- butyl- 5-{[( tert.- butoksykarbonyl) amino] karbonyl}- 2-( 2- okso-l, 2- dihydrokinolin- 3- yl)- lH- indol- l- karboksylat ( 9- 1)
En løsning av 1-(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-karboksylsyre (6-1, 0,200 mg, 0,49 mmol, 1 ekv.), difenylfosforylazid (128 ul, 0,59 mmol,
1.2 ekv.) og trietylamin (89 ul, 0,64 mmol, 1,3 ekv.) i 30 ml BuOH ble oppvarmet til 100 °C i 2 timer. Kopperklorid (4,9 mg, 0,05 mmol, 0,1 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 100 °C i 24 timer. Løsningen ble konsentrert, og residuet ble fordelt mellom 75 ml mettet, vandig NaHCC>3-løsning og' 3 x 60 ml EtOAc. De kombinerte, organiske lag ble vasket én gang med 150 ml vann, deretter 150 ml saltvann og ble tørket over natriumsulfat og konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av tert.-butyl-5-[(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)amino]-2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-1H-indol-l-karboksylat (9-1).<X>H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,06 (s, 1H), 9,37 (bs, 1H), 8,05 (s, 1H), 7,92 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,82 (s, 1H), 7,52 (m, 2H), 7,35 (m, 2H), 7,21 (m, 2H), 6,72 (s, 1H) , 1,50 (s, 9H) , 1,34 (s, 9H) ...
3-( 5- amino- lH- indol- 2- yl)- 2( 1H)- kinolinon ( 9- 2)
En løsning av tert.-butyl-5-{[(tert.-butoksykarbonyl)-amino]karbonyl}-2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydrokinolin-3-yl)-lH-indol-1-karboksylat (9-1, 340 mg) i 30 ml av en 1:1 blanding av CH2C12og TFA ble behandlet med 3 dråper hver av DMSO og H20, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til tilbakeløpskokning i 45 minutter. Løsningen ble konsentrert, og residuet renset ved reversfase-væskekromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av 3-(5-amino-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (9-2) som et gult, fast materiale.<1>H NMR
(500 MHz, CD3OD) 6 8,42 (s, 1H), 7,74 (d, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,51 (t, 1H, J = 7,8 Hz), 7,36 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,28 (d, 1H, J = 8.3 Hz), 7,25 (d, 1H, J = 8,3 Hz), 7,05 (s, 1H), 6,98 (d, 1H, J = 1,5 Hz), 6,74 (d, 1H, J = 2,0 Hz), 6,72 (d, 1H, J = 2,0 Hz).
4- amino- N-[ 2-( 2- okso- l, 2- dihydro- 3- kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]-1-piperidinkarboksamid ( 9- 3)
4-nitrofenylklorformiat (70 mg, 0,35 mmol, 1,5 ekv.) og pyridin (0,030 ml, 0,35 mmol, 1,5 ekv.) ble sekvensvis tilsatt til en løsning av 3-(5-amino-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon (9-2, 64 mg, 0,23 mmol, 1 ekv.) i 20 ml dioksan, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 60 °C i 1 time. tert.-butyl-4-piperi-dinylkarbamat (100 mg, 0,50 mmol, 2,2 ekv.) ble tilsatt, og den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til 60 °C i 1 time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble fordelt mellom mettet, vandig natrium-bikarbonatløsning og etylacetat (100 ml). Det organiske lag ble tørket over natriumsulfat og ble konsentrert. En løsning av residuet i 15 ml av en 1:1 blanding av CH2C12og TFA ble behandlet med 2 dråper DMSO og 2 dråper H20. Den resulterende blanding ble oppvarmet til tilbakeløpskokning i 45 minutter og ble deretter konsentrert. Residuet ble renset ved reversfase-kromatografi (H20/CH3CN-gradient med 0,1% tilstedeværende TFA) under dannelse av 4-amino-N-[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]-1-piperidinkarboksamid (9-3) som et TFA-salt.<X>H NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) 5 8,45 (s, 1H), 7,75 (d, 1H, J = 8,1 Hz), .7,54 (t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,53 (m, 1H), 7,38 (m, 2H), 7,28 (t, 1H, J = 7,1 Hz), 7,20 (s, 1H), 7,08 (dd, 1H, J = 2,0, 1,9 Hz), 4,29 (d, 2H, J = 6,9 Hz), 3,37 (m, 1H), 2,99 (t, 2H, J = 5,98 Hz), 2,05 (d, 2H, J = 6,1 Hz), 1,60 (qd, 2H, J = 4,4, 1,5 Hz).
4-amino-N-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-1H-indol-5-yl]metyl}-l-piperidinkarboksamid (9-4) ble fremstilt ved å starte fra forbindelse 7-4 under anvendelse av protokollen beskrevet ovenfor.
9,4,<X>HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 6 12,1 (s, 1H), 11,5 (s, 1H), 8,52 (s, 1H), 7,79 (br s, 2H), 7,72 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,52 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,43 (m, 2H), 7,37 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,29 (s, 1H), 7,25 (t, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7,06 (m, 2H), 4,31 (d, 2H, J = 5 Hz), 4,04 (d, 2H, J = 13 Hz), 3,20 (br s, 1H), 2,76 (t, 2H, J = 12 Hz), 1,83 (d, 2H, J = 13 Hz), 1,36 (m, 2H).
Claims (9)
1. Forbindelse,karakterisert vedformel I
eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt eller stereoisomer derav, hvori
Z er en usubstituert lH-2-kinolon-3-yl-gruppe av formel
R<4>er valgt fra en gruppe 1. (0) b-Ci-io-alkyl-heterosyklyl; 2. (0)b-Ci-io-alkyl-NR7R8; 3. C(0)-heterosyklyl; 4 . O-Ci-xo-alkyl-C (0) -heterosyklyl; 5 . Ci-10-alkyl-NH-C (0) -heterosyklyl ; 6. NH-C(0)-heterosyklyl;
der
b er et helt tall 0 eller 1; heterosyklyl er valgt fra piperazino, piperidino,
pyrrolidino, morfolino eller 1,1-dioksotiomorfo-lino som eventuelt er substituert med Ci-io-alkyl, karboksy, Ci-io-alkylsulfonyl, Ci-i0-alkylkarbonyl eller amino, eller heterosyklyl kan være en pyrrolidinylgruppe substituert med to substitu enter uavhengig valgt fra Ci-io-alkoksy og 2-metylpyrimidinyl-5-
ylmetyl;
R7 er valgt fra H, C3_8-sykloalkyl eller 2-metoksy-
pyrimidin-4-ylmetyl;
R<8>er valgt fra Ci-io-alkoksyCi-io-alkyl;
R<3>og R<5>er H; t er 1.
2. Forbindelse ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert vedat den er valgt fra: 3-{5-[3-(4-metylpiperazin-l-yl)propoksy]-lH-indol-2-yl}-lH-kinolin-2-on; 3-(5-{2-[(2-metoksyetyl)amino]etoksy}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-[5-(2-{(2-metoksyetyl)[(2-metoksy-5-pyrimidinyl)metyl]amino}-etoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-[5-({(2S,4R)-4-metoksy-l-[(2-metyl-5-pyrimidinyl)metyl]pyrro-lidinyl}metoksy)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon; 1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyreetylester; 1-(2-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-etyl)-4-piperidinkarboksylsyre; 3-[5-(4-metansulfonylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-1H-kinolin-2-on; 3-[5-(4-metansulfonyl-l-oksypiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-lH-kinolin-2-on; 3-[5-(4-acetylpiperazin-l-ylmetyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-lH-kinolin-2-on; 3-[5-(1-piperazinylkarbonyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[(4-metyl-l-piperazinyl)karbonyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; l-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]karbonyl}-4-piperidinaminiumtrifluoracetat; 1-({[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]oksy}-acetyl)piperazin-4-iumtrifluoracetat; 3-{5-[2-(1,l-dioksido-4-tiomorfolinyl)-2-oksoetoksy]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; N-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]metyl}-4-piperidinkarboksamid; 3-{5-[1-(4-morfolinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[1-(1-pyrrolidinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon; 3-{5-[1-(4-acetyl-l-piperazinyl)etyl]-lH-indol-2-yl}-2(1H)-kinolinon;
3- (5-{l-[4-(metylsulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]etyl}-lH-indol-2-yl)-2(1H)-kinolinon;
4- amino-N-[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]-1-piperidinkarboksamid og 4-amino-N-{[2-(2-okso-l,2-dihydro-3-kinolinyl)-lH-indol-5-yl]metyl}-1-piperidinkarboksamid, eller et farmasøytisk akseptabelt salt eller stereoisomer derav.
3. Farmasøytisk preparat,
karakterisert vedat det er omfattet av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 og en farmasøytisk akseptabel bærer.
4. Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av kreft i et pattedyr med behov for slik behandling.
5. Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av retinal vaskularisering.
6. - Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av diabetisk retinopati.
7. Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av aldersrelatert makular degenerering.
8. Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av inflammatoriske sykdommer.
9. Anvendelse av en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 for fremstilling av et preparat for behandling eller forhindring av benassosierte patologier valgt fra osteosarkom, osteoartritt og rakitt.
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DE69222637T2 (de) | 1991-05-10 | 1998-02-26 | Rhone Poulenc Rorer Int | Bis mono- und bicyclische aryl- und heteroarylderivate mit inhibierender wirkung auf die egf und/oder pdgf-rezeptor tyrosinkinase |
US5578609A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-11-26 | The Dupont Merck Pharmaceutical Company | 2-carbocyclic and 2-heterocyclic quinoline-4-carboxylic acids and salts thereof useful as immunosuppressive agents |
GB9524104D0 (en) | 1995-11-24 | 1996-01-24 | Smithkline Beecham Spa | Novel compounds |
CA2254756A1 (en) | 1996-05-20 | 1997-11-27 | Mark Goulet | Antagonists of gonadotropin releasing hormone |
BR9713552A (pt) | 1996-11-27 | 2000-01-25 | Pfizer | Derivados de pirimidina bicìclicos condensados |
JP4516690B2 (ja) | 1998-08-11 | 2010-08-04 | ノバルティス アーゲー | 血管形成阻害活性を有するイソキノリン誘導体 |
UA74560C2 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2006-01-16 | Merck & Co Inc | Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and a pharmaceutical composition based thereon |
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