KR100855848B1 - 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유를 이용한 섬유 시멘트 복합 재료 - Google Patents
사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유를 이용한 섬유 시멘트 복합 재료 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100855848B1 KR100855848B1 KR1020037004787A KR20037004787A KR100855848B1 KR 100855848 B1 KR100855848 B1 KR 100855848B1 KR 1020037004787 A KR1020037004787 A KR 1020037004787A KR 20037004787 A KR20037004787 A KR 20037004787A KR 100855848 B1 KR100855848 B1 KR 100855848B1
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Images
Classifications
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
파라미터 | 범위 | 보다 바람직한 범위 |
슬러리 중의 섬유 백분율(중량%) | 약 0.01 내지 50 | 약 3 내지 30 |
피브릴화후의 섬유 여수도(CSF) | 약 100 내지 750 | 약 150 내지 650 |
사이징제의 용량(중량%) | 약 0.01 내지 50 | 약 0.1 내지 10 |
반응 온도(℃) | 약 -20 내지 200℃ | 약 0 내지 100℃ |
반응 압력(atm) | 약 1 내지 10 | 약 1 내지 2 |
유지 시간(초) | 약 5 내지 100,000 | 약 5 내지 3,600 |
기계적 성질 | 시료 | |
A | B(대조구) | |
MOR(MPa) | 7.15 | 8.00 |
변형(㎛/m) | 5790 | 5480 |
MOE(GPa) | 2.78 | 4.69 |
인성(KJ/㎥) | 2.50 | 3.38 |
포화 밀도* | 1.48 | 1.61 |
수분 팽창(%)** | 0.19 | 0.20 |
기계적 성질 | 시료 | |
G(사이징된 섬유 함유) | B(통상의 섬유 함유) | |
MOR(MPa) | 6.08 | 6.83 |
변형(㎛/m) | 9354 | 5467 |
인성(KJ/㎥) | 0.44 | 0.39 |
24시간 시험후의 물흡수(중량%) | 35 | 45 |
수분 팽창(%)* | 0.54 | 0.63 |
기계적 성질 | 시료 | |
I(사이징된 섬유 함유) | J(통상의 섬유 함유) | |
MOR(MPa) | 7.65 | 8.61 |
변형(㎛/m) | 18078 | 15752 |
인성(KJ/㎥) | 13.60 | 13.19 |
24시간 시험후의 물흡수(중량%) | 27.5 | 30.5 |
최초 8시간 시험후의 물흡수(중량%) | 3.4 | 3.8 |
적층간 결합 강도(MPa) | 1.14 | 1.17 |
Claims (94)
- 시멘트 매트릭스; 및 상기 시멘트 매트릭스에 혼입된 셀룰로즈 섬유를 포함하고, 상기 셀룰로즈 섬유의 일부 또는 전부는 표면을 소수성화시키기 위하여 사이징제로 부분적으로 또는 완전히 처리한 표면을 가지며, 상기 사이징제는 물 또는 유기용매 존재하에 섬유 표면 상의 히드록실기에 영구적으로 또는 일시적으로 결합하여 히드록실 기가 물 분자와 결합하는 것을 방지하는 친수성 작용기와 섬유 표면에 위치하여 이로부터 물을 반발시키는 소수성 작용기를 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 실란계 화합물을 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 실란, 알콕시실란, 알킬알콕시실란, 유기실란할라이드, 카르복실화 유기실란, 에폭시알콕시실란 및 실리콘(silicone) 에멀션 또는 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 수성 에멀션을 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 n-옥틸트리에톡시실란을 다양한 배합(formulation)으로 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 왁스, 폴리올레핀, 에폭시 및 스티렌 부타디엔 고무 에멀션으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 유기 수지를 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 아크릴계 중합체 에멀션을 다양한 배합으로 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 사이징제가 로진산, 알럼, 전분, 검, 카제인, 소야 단백질, 알킬 케텐 이량체(AKD), 알케닐 숙신산 무수물(ASA) 및 스테아르산으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 수용성 물질(agent)을 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 친수성기가 사이징제 분자의 한 말단상에 위치하고, 상기 소수성기가 상기 사이징제 분자의 다른 말단상에 위치하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 친수성기가 실라놀 또는 폴리실라놀(디실라놀 또는 트리실라놀)을 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 친수성기가 실리콘(silicon) 원자에 연결된 1 내지 3개의 가수분해성 알콕시기를 포함하고, 각각의 가수분해성 알콕시기는 1 내지 4개의 탄소를 가지며 실라놀 또는 폴리실라놀 작용기로 가수분해될 수 있는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 소수성기가 1 내지 24개의 탄소를 포함하는 분지형 또는 직선형 탄화수소 사슬을 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 소수성기가 방향족기 또는 기타 작용기를 함유하는 복합 건축 자재.
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- 제1항에 있어서, 사이징제로 처리된 섬유를 0.5 중량% 내지 20 중량% 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 처리되지 않고 사이징되지 않은 셀룰로즈 섬유를 추가로 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
- 제1항에 있어서, 합성섬유를 추가로 포함하는 복합 건축 자재.
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- 시멘트 수력학적 결합제; 혼화재; 하나 이상의 밀도 조절제; 셀룰로즈 섬유; 및 하나 이상의 첨가제를 포함하고, 상기 셀룰로즈 섬유의 일부 또는 전부는 표면을 소수성화시키기 위하여 사이징제로 부분적으로 또는 완전히 처리한 표면을 가지며, 상기 사이징제는 물 또는 유기용매 존재하에 섬유 표면 상의 히드록실기에 영구적으로 또는 일시적으로 결합하여 히드록실 기가 물 분자와 결합하는 것을 방지하는 친수성 작용기와 섬유 표면에 위치하여 이로부터 물을 반발시키는 소수성 작용기를 포함하는, 복합 건축 자재를 형성하는데 사용되는 재료 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 시멘트 수력학적 결합제 10 중량% 내지 90 중량%; 혼화재 20 중량% 내지 80 중량%; 밀도 조절제 0 중량% 초과 내지 50 중량%; 셀룰로즈 섬유 0.5 중량% 내지 20 중량%; 및 첨가제 0 중량% 초과 내지 10 중량%를 포함하는 재료 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 시멘트 결합제 20 중량% 내지 50 중량%; 분쇄 실리카 30 중량% 내지 70 중량%; 경량 밀도 조절제 0 중량% 초과 내지 50 중량%; 첨가제 0 중량% 초과 내지 10 중량%; 및 셀룰로즈 섬유 0.5 중량% 내지 20 중량%를 포함하는 재료 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 시멘트 결합제 40 중량% 내지 90 중량%; 분쇄 실리카 0 중량% 초과 내지 30 중량%; 경량 밀도 조절제 0 중량% 초과 내지 10 중량%; 첨가제 0 중량% 초과 내지 10 중량%; 및 셀룰로즈 섬유, 또는 천연 무기 섬유 및 합성 섬유 중 하나 이상과 셀룰로즈 섬유의 조합물 0.5 중량% 내지 20 중량%를 포함하는 재료 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 시멘트 결합제가 포틀랜드 시멘트, 고 알루미나 시멘트(high-alumina cement), 석고, 고 포스페이트 시멘트(high-phosphate cement), 블라스트 퍼니스 슬래그 분쇄 과립형 시멘트 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 시멘트 결합제가 250 내지 400 m2/kg의 표면적을 갖는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 혼화재가 분쇄 실리카, 무정형 실리카, 마이크로 실리카, 규조토, 석탄 연소 비산회 및 저부회(fly ash and bottom ash), 왕겨회, 블라스트 퍼니스 슬래그, 과립 슬래그, 스틸 슬래그, 무기(mineral) 산화물, 무기 수산화물, 점토, 마그나사이트, 백운석, 금속 산화물, 금속 수산화물, 중합체 비이드, 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 혼화재가 300 내지 450 m2/kg의 표면적을 갖는 실리카를 포함하는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 100 내지 750 CSF의 여수도(freeness)를 갖는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 밀도 조절제가 플라스틱 재료, 팽창 폴리스티렌, 유리 및 세라믹 재료, 칼슘 실리케이트 수화물, 마이크로스피어, 화산재(팽창된 형태의 펄라이트, 경석, 시라스(shirasu) 현무암, 및 제올라이트를 포함), 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 첨가제가 점도 조절제, 난연제, 방수제, 실리카 퓸, 지열 실리카, 증점제, 안료, 착색제, 가소제, 분산제, 성형제, 응집제, 배수보조 제, 습윤 및 건조 강도 보조제, 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 첨가제가 실리콘 재료, 알루미늄 분말, 점토, 카올린, 알루미나 3수화물, 운모, 메타카올린, 탄산칼슘, 규회석, 및 중합체 수지 에멀션, 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택된 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 궁극 변형(ultimate strain)을 10% 이상 증가시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 인성(toughness) 에너지를 5% 이상 증가시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 포화시 밀도를 5% 이상 감소시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 수투과성을 20% 이상 감소시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재에 흡수되는 물의 양을 10% 이상 감소시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 물 흡수율을 5% 이상 감소시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 위킹(wicking) 시험에서 24시간 후의 물이동을 25 % 이상 감소시키는 배합물.
- 제21항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가, 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유가 없는 동등한 배합물로 제조된 건축 자재와 비교하여 복합 건축 자재의 냉동-해동 성능(freeze-thaw performance)을 25% 이상 개선시키는 배합물.
- 셀룰로즈 섬유를 제공하는 단계;상기 셀룰로즈 섬유의 일부 또는 전부를 물 또는 유기용매 존재하에 사이징제로 처리(여기서, 상기 사이징제는 상기 섬유의 내부 및 외부 표면 상의 친수성 자리의 일부 또는 전부와 화학적으로 결합하여 사이징된 섬유를 형성하는 친수성 작용기와, 소수성 작용기를 포함하며, 상기 사이징제가 친수성 자리를 차단시켜 물에 대한 섬유의 친화도를 감소시킨다)하는 단계;상기 사이징된 섬유를 시멘트 결합제 및 기타 성분과 혼합하여 섬유 시멘트 혼합물을 형성시키는 단계;상기 섬유 시멘트 혼합물을 소정의 형상과 크기의 섬유 시멘트 제품으로 성형시키는 단계;상기 섬유 시멘트 제품을 경화시켜 섬유 강화 복합 건축 자재를 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 섬유 강화 시멘트 복합 재료의 제조 방법.
- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 섬유를 처리하는 단계가 상기 셀룰로즈 섬유를 사이징제 함유 용액 중에서 처리하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제42항에 있어서, 상기 용액중에서 섬유를 처리하는 단계가 섬유 질량을 기준으로 0.01 중량% 내지 50 중량%의 사이징제를 상기 섬유에 도포하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제42항에 있어서, 상기 용액중에서 섬유를 처리하는 단계가 5초 내지 28시간의 반응 유지시간을 포함하는 방법.
- 제42항에 있어서, 1 내지 10 atm의 반응 압력하에서 상기 섬유를 처리하는 방법.
- 제42항에 있어서, 상기 용액중에서 섬유를 처리하는 단계가 0.01 중량% 내지 50 중량%의 섬유를 함유하는 슬러리 중에서 섬유와 사이징제를 반응시키는 단계를 을 포함하는 방법.
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- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 섬유를 수분 함량이 5 중량% 내지 50 중량%가 되도록 급속 건조(flash drying)시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
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- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유를 사이징되지 않은 셀룰로즈 섬유와 혼합하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 셀룰로즈 섬유를 천연 무기 섬유 및 합성 섬유와 혼합하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 사이징된 섬유를 시멘트 결합제, 혼화재, 밀도 조절제 및 첨가제와 혼합하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 방법.
- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 섬유 시멘트 제품을 형성하는 단계가 하체크 시이트(Hatschek sheet) 방법, 마자 파이프(Mazza Pipe) 방법, 마그나니(Magnani) 방법, 사출 성형, 압출, 핸드 레이업(hand lay-up), 성형, 캐스트법, 여과 압착, 포드리니어(Fourdrinier) 성형, 멀티-와이어 성형, 갭 블레이드 성형, 갭 롤/블레이드 성형, 벨-롤(Bell-roll) 성형 및 이들의 조합 또는 기타의 방법으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 방법을 이용하여 제품을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
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- 제41항에 있어서, 상기 섬유가 햄머 분쇄 방법(hammer milling) 및 세단 분쇄 방법(shredding)을 포함하는 방법에 의해 개별화되는 방법.
- 제41항에 있어서, 기타 성분과 혼합하기 전에 상기 사이징제를 직접 상기 섬유에 첨가하는 방법.
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US60/241,212 | 2000-10-17 | ||
PCT/US2001/029675 WO2002028795A2 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2001-09-21 | Fiber cement composite materials using sized cellulose fibers |
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MY125251A (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2006-07-31 | James Hardie Int Finance B V | Fiber-cement/gypsum laminate composite building material |
US6689451B1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2004-02-10 | James Hardie Research Pty Limited | Pre-finished and durable building material |
AUPQ468299A0 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2000-01-20 | James Hardie Research Pty Limited | Method and apparatus for extruding cementitious articles |
AU2001250832A1 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-24 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | Fiber cement building materials with low density additives |
US20020007926A1 (en) * | 2000-04-24 | 2002-01-24 | Jewell Richard A. | Method for producing cellulose fiber having improved biostability and the resulting products |
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- 2001-09-21 EP EP01973377.3A patent/EP1330420B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CZ2003959A3 (cs) | 2003-09-17 |
PL365829A1 (en) | 2005-01-10 |
MY136366A (en) | 2008-09-30 |
BR0114443A (pt) | 2003-07-01 |
EP1330420A2 (en) | 2003-07-30 |
MXPA03002704A (es) | 2003-06-24 |
CN1473138A (zh) | 2004-02-04 |
AR035206A1 (es) | 2004-05-05 |
WO2002028795A2 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
US20040145078A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
EP1330420B1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
US7815841B2 (en) | 2010-10-19 |
WO2002028795A3 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
US20020059886A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
AU2001292966B2 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
CA2424377C (en) | 2013-07-09 |
NZ525326A (en) | 2006-03-31 |
KR20030090600A (ko) | 2003-11-28 |
JP5089009B2 (ja) | 2012-12-05 |
JP2004527664A (ja) | 2004-09-09 |
US6676745B2 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
CN1246246C (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
CA2424377A1 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
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