JPH10503788A - 新規なイオン伝導膜を組込んでいる燃料電池 - Google Patents
新規なイオン伝導膜を組込んでいる燃料電池Info
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- JPH10503788A JPH10503788A JP7530477A JP53047795A JPH10503788A JP H10503788 A JPH10503788 A JP H10503788A JP 7530477 A JP7530477 A JP 7530477A JP 53047795 A JP53047795 A JP 53047795A JP H10503788 A JPH10503788 A JP H10503788A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1067—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by their physical properties, e.g. porosity, ionic conductivity or thickness
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1081—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/186—Regeneration by electrochemical means by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 少なくとも1つのフレキシブルな結合成分に共有結合した、少なくとも 1つのイオン伝導性成分を有する複数の酸安定性ポリマー分子からなる膜であっ て、該膜は該ポリマー分子のイオン伝導成分を有し、複数の連続したイオン伝導 性チャンネルが第1の面から第2の面に膜を貫通するようにされ、そして該イオ ン伝導性チャンネルは該フレキシブルな結合成分により弾力性を有するマトリッ クス中に位置せしめられている、ことからなる膜。 2. 該チャンネルが膜の水平面における断面の寸法が約0.01μm乃至0.1μ mである請求の範囲1記載の膜。 3. フレキシブルな結合成分が 下記式の基 および基 および、イオン伝導成分が下記式の基 ここに、R1、R2、R3およびR4は、水素、フェニルおよび低級アルキルからな る群から独立して選ばれ; R5は水素、塩素または低級アルキル; R6は水素またはメチル; R7は-SO3H,-P(O)(OR8)OH,R9-SO3Hまたは−R9-P(O)(OR8)OHにおいてR8は 水素または低級アルキルであり、また、R9は低級アルキレンである; Arはフェニルである;また m,n,pおよびqは0または50から10,000までの整数である、から選択され たものである請求の範囲1記載の膜。 4. フレキシブル結合成分がポリ(アルファ−オレフィン)、ポリジエン、 およびポリジエンの水素化誘導体から選択されたものである、請求の範囲3記載 の膜。 5. フレキシブル結合成分がポリ(エチレン−ブチレン)およびポリ(エチ レン−プロピレン)からなる群から選択され、イオン伝導性領域がポリスチレン およびポリ(α−メチルスチレン)のスルホン酸からなる群から選択された成分 により供給され、該 膜は更に、該ポリスチレンまたはポリ(α−メチルスチレン)成分の間がスルホ ニルエステルまたはスルホンであるもので架橋していることを特徴とする請求の 範囲4記載の膜。 6. 該膜がアクリロニトリル−ブタジエン−スチレン・ターポリマー(ABS )で、スチレン成分がスルホン化されている請求の範囲3記載の膜。 7. 以下の方法により製造された高度にスルホン化されたポリマー膜: (a) ジクロロエタン/シクロヘキサン80/20中に3.6当量のスチレン( エチレン−ブチレン)−スチレントリブロック共重合体を含む3−4重量%溶液 、およびジクロロエタン中に約3.6当量の三酸化硫黄を含む3−4重量%溶液を 、ジクロロエタン中に約1当量のリン酸トリエチルを含む0.6重量%溶液に-5℃ 乃至0℃で加え; (b) -5℃乃至0℃で15乃至30分間、次いで室温で8乃至14時間撹拌し ; (c) 紫色となるまで約80℃で30乃至40分間加熱し; (d) 40℃でジクロロエタンおよびシクロヘキサンを蒸発させて粘稠な紫 色の液体を得; (e) 粘稠な紫色の液体をジクロロエタン/シクロヘキサン80/20中に再 懸濁して8乃至10重量%の均一な懸濁液を得;および (f) 懸濁液を基板上に成型して膜を形成する、この膜はその重量の少な くとも50%を水中で吸収し、その完全に水和 した状態において破砕することなく、その元の寸法の少なくとも100%伸長する ことができ、そして少なくとも10-5S/cmの伝導率をしめす。 8. 該ステレン−(エチレン−ブチレン)−スチレントリブロック共重合体 が約50,000の数平均分子量を有し、スチレンユニットが該トリブロック共重合体 の約20乃至35重量%からなる請求の範囲7記載の高度にスルホン化されたポリマ ー膜。 9. 該膜が25モル%以上スルホン化されたものである請求の範囲7記載の高 度にスルホン化されたポリマー膜。 10. 下記よりなる燃料電池:(a)請求の範囲1乃至8記載のいずれかの膜 ;(b)該膜に接触する第1および第2の対立する電極;(c)該第1電極に燃 料を供給する手段;および(d)該第2電極に酸化剤が接触するようにしてなる 手段。 11. 該第1乃至第2電極の1つが触媒粒子より構成され、そして該膜が該電 極に対し結合剤として機能する請求の範囲10記載の燃料電池。 12. 以下の各工程よりなる機械的に安定なイオン伝導性膜の製造方法: (a) 適当な溶媒中にスチレン含有ブロック共重合体の3.6当量を含む溶 液、および適当な溶媒中に三酸化硫黄の約0.9乃至3.6当量を含む溶液を、適当な 溶媒中にリン酸トリエチルの約0.3から約1.2当量を含む溶液中に-5℃乃至0℃ で加え; (b) -5℃乃至0℃にて10乃至30分、次いで室温にて8乃至14時間撹拌 し; (c) 変色するまで約80℃で加熱し; (d) 残渣を生じるまで溶媒を蒸発させ; (e) 残渣を懸濁液中に細かい分散を生じるように再懸濁し;そして (f) 分散液を基板上に成型して、該機械的に安定な、イオン伝導性膜を 形成する。 13. 該スチレン含有ポリマーが数平均分子量50,000を有するスチレン−(エ チレン−ブチレン)−スチレントリブロック共重合体であり、スチレンユニット が該トリブロック共重合体の約30乃至35重量%からなる請求の範囲12記載の方 法。 14. 該膜が40モル%以上スルホン化されている請求の範囲12記載の方法。 15. 以下の工程からなる請求の範囲12記載の方法; (a) ジクロロエタン/シクロヘキサン80/20中に3.6当量のスチレン( エチレン−ブチレン)−スチレントリブロック共重合体を含む3−4重量%溶液 、およびジクロロエタン中に約3.6当量の三酸化硫黄を含む3−4重量%溶液を 、ジクロロエタン中に約1当量のリン酸トリエチルを含む0.6重量%溶液に-5℃ 乃至0℃で加え; (b) -5℃乃至0℃で15乃至30分間、次いで室温で8乃至14時間撹拌し ; (c) 紫色になるまで約80℃で30乃至40分間加熱し; (d) 40℃でジクロロエタンおよびシクロヘキサンを蒸発させて粘稠な紫 色の液体を得; (e) 粘稠な紫色の液体をジクロロエタン/シクロヘキサン80/20中に再 懸濁して8乃至10重量%の均一な懸濁液を得;および (f) 懸濁液を基板上に成型して膜を形成する。 16. スチレン−(エチレン−ブチレン)−スチレントリブロック共重合体( SEBS)のスルホン酸イオノマーの製造方法において、SEBSの存在下で生成する三 酸化硫黄−リン酸トリエチルを使用し、該SEBSは25モル%以下ではないことより なる改良方法。 17. 以下よりなる電解セル:(a)請求の範囲1乃至8記載のいずれかの膜 ;(b)該膜に接触する第1および第2の対立する電極;(c)該セルに水を供 給する手段;および(d)該第1および第2電極から水素および酸素を回収する 手段。 18. 該第1乃至第2電極の1つが触媒粒子より構成され、そして該膜が該電 極に対し結合剤として機能する請求の範囲17記載の電気分解セル。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/247,285 | 1994-05-23 | ||
US08/247,285 US5468574A (en) | 1994-05-23 | 1994-05-23 | Fuel cell incorporating novel ion-conducting membrane |
PCT/US1995/006447 WO1995032236A1 (en) | 1994-05-23 | 1995-05-22 | Fuel cell incorporating novel ion-conducting membrane |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JPH10503788A true JPH10503788A (ja) | 1998-04-07 |
Family
ID=22934345
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7530477A Pending JPH10503788A (ja) | 1994-05-23 | 1995-05-22 | 新規なイオン伝導膜を組込んでいる燃料電池 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5468574A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0763070B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH10503788A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1152929A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2644395A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9507759A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2190848A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69519855T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995032236A1 (ja) |
Cited By (14)
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JP2001250567A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-09-14 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 高分子電解質およびその製造方法 |
WO2004097850A1 (ja) * | 2003-04-25 | 2004-11-11 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | プロトン伝導性膜、その製造方法およびそのプロトン伝導性膜を用いた燃料電池 |
JP2005509243A (ja) * | 2001-04-23 | 2005-04-07 | モトローラ・インコーポレイテッド | 高分子電解質膜 |
US6893764B2 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2005-05-17 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Solid polyelectrolyte, assembly of membrane and electrodes, and fuel cell |
JP2005190830A (ja) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Jsr Corp | ミクロ相分離構造によりメタノール透過抑制が改良されたプロトン伝導膜 |
JP2005531891A (ja) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-10-20 | ピレリ・アンド・チ・ソチエタ・ペル・アツィオーニ | 照射によりグラフトしたポリマー電解質膜を内蔵する燃料電池 |
US6964823B2 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2005-11-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte, a membrane using thereof, a solution for coating electrode catalyst, a membrane/electrode assembly, and a fuel cell |
US6989212B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2006-01-24 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel cell, polyelectrolyte and ion-exchange resin used for same |
JP2006507653A (ja) * | 2002-11-07 | 2006-03-02 | ガス、テクノロジー、インスティチュート | プロトン交換メンブラン燃料電池用の高安定性メンブラン |
WO2007094185A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-13 | 2007-08-23 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | 高分子電解質膜、膜-電極接合体及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
JP2007336790A (ja) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-27 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 高分子電気化学素子 |
JP2008248116A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Gunma Univ | イオン伝導膜 |
WO2008149815A1 (ja) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | 高分子電解質、高分子電解質膜、膜-電極接合体及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
US8137860B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2012-03-20 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Polymer electrolyte membrane for solid polymer fuel cell, membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell |
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US5840387A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1998-11-24 | Aegis Biosciences L.L.C. | Sulfonated multiblock copolymer and uses therefor |
US5795496A (en) * | 1995-11-22 | 1998-08-18 | California Institute Of Technology | Polymer material for electrolytic membranes in fuel cells |
US5677074A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-10-14 | The Dais Corporation | Gas diffusion electrode |
US6444343B1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2002-09-03 | University Of Southern California | Polymer electrolyte membranes for use in fuel cells |
US6376110B1 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 2002-04-23 | Magnet-Motor Gesellschaft Für Magnetmotorische Technik Mbh | Method for regulating membrane moisture of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
EP0985239A1 (de) * | 1997-04-10 | 2000-03-15 | Magnet-Motor Gesellschaft Für Magnetmotorische Technik Mbh | Kühlung und befeuchtung von polymerelektrolyt-brennstoffzellen |
CA2234552C (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2001-03-06 | Arthur Yelon | Composite inorganic-polymer thin film cation-selective membrane, method of fabricating same and applications |
GB9708365D0 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 1997-06-18 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Proton conducting membranes |
US6635384B2 (en) | 1998-03-06 | 2003-10-21 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Solid electrolyte composite for electrochemical reaction apparatus |
EP0973809B1 (fr) | 1998-01-30 | 2004-04-28 | Hydro-Quebec | Polymeres sulfones reticules et leur procede de preparation |
US6110616A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-08-29 | Dais-Analytic Corporation | Ion-conducting membrane for fuel cell |
US5958616A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-09-28 | Lynntech, Inc. | Membrane and electrode structure for methanol fuel cell |
US6090895A (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 2000-07-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Co., | Crosslinked ion conductive membranes |
US6383671B1 (en) | 1998-09-08 | 2002-05-07 | Lynntech, Inc. | Gas humidification device for operation testing and evaluation of fuel cells |
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- 1995-05-22 CN CN95194173A patent/CN1152929A/zh active Pending
- 1995-05-22 JP JP7530477A patent/JPH10503788A/ja active Pending
- 1995-05-22 BR BR9507759A patent/BR9507759A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-05-22 EP EP95921339A patent/EP0763070B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-22 WO PCT/US1995/006447 patent/WO1995032236A1/en active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9507759A (pt) | 1997-09-23 |
EP0763070B1 (en) | 2001-01-10 |
CN1152929A (zh) | 1997-06-25 |
DE69519855T2 (de) | 2001-08-02 |
CA2190848A1 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
AU2644395A (en) | 1995-12-18 |
DE69519855D1 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
MX9605871A (es) | 1998-06-28 |
WO1995032236A1 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
US5679482A (en) | 1997-10-21 |
EP0763070A1 (en) | 1997-03-19 |
US5468574A (en) | 1995-11-21 |
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