JPH03503246A - 人造グラフトおよび内移植方法 - Google Patents
人造グラフトおよび内移植方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH03503246A JPH03503246A JP1503999A JP50399989A JPH03503246A JP H03503246 A JPH03503246 A JP H03503246A JP 1503999 A JP1503999 A JP 1503999A JP 50399989 A JP50399989 A JP 50399989A JP H03503246 A JPH03503246 A JP H03503246A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- graft
- capsule
- proximal
- lumen
- hollow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
- A61F2/06—Blood vessels
- A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/95—Instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts
- A61F2/958—Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/848—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents having means for fixation to the vessel wall, e.g. barbs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/89—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure the wire-like elements comprising two or more adjacent rings flexibly connected by separate members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
- A61F2/06—Blood vessels
- A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
- A61F2002/075—Stent-grafts the stent being loosely attached to the graft material, e.g. by stitching
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
- A61F2002/3006—Properties of materials and coating materials
- A61F2002/3008—Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30451—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements soldered or brazed or welded
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/848—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents having means for fixation to the vessel wall, e.g. barbs
- A61F2002/8486—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents having means for fixation to the vessel wall, e.g. barbs provided on at least one of the ends
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0008—Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body
- A61F2220/0016—Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body with sharp anchoring protrusions, e.g. barbs, pins, spikes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0058—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements soldered or brazed or welded
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0028—Shapes in the form of latin or greek characters
- A61F2230/0054—V-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
- A61F2250/0096—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers
- A61F2250/0098—Markers and sensors for detecting a position or changes of a position of an implant, e.g. RF sensors, ultrasound markers radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S623/00—Prosthesis, i.e. artificial body members, parts thereof, or aids and accessories therefor
- Y10S623/902—Method of implanting
- Y10S623/903—Blood vessel
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
人造グラフトおよび −去
l用生丘翌
庁万
本発明は、医療用人−L器官に関し、さらに詳しくは、血管または動脈の管腔な
どの1体の管腔内に設置するだめのグラフト人工器官に関する。
限抜孜l
静脈および動脈の様な、各種の、流体を導く体の管腔は、劣化するまたは損傷を
受けることがあり、修復する必要がある。例えば、各種の腫瘤、その他の劣化さ
せる病気により、管腔の流体を導く能力に悪影響を与え、生命を脅かすことがあ
る。場合によっては、損傷を受けた管腔は、人造血管またはグラフトの様な人工
器官を使用しないと修復できない。
大動脈の様な重要な血管を修復する場合、使用する外科的な技術には、病気に罹
った、または障害の有る管腔に血管の人造部分を接続する大手術が含まれる。即
ち、管腔の損傷部分または罹病部分を外科的に除去、またはそこにバイパスを付
け、人造または供給者のグラフトを挿入し、罹病部分の除去により生じた血管の
末端に縫い合わせる。カイ ヨハンセン(Kaj Johansenl、 fi
u!、サイエンティフィック アメリカン、247:110−125.1982
年7月。
代表的な縫合技術の変形が、アルバート■、クラウス(^1bert W、 K
rausel ら、等 グラフト Tパ2に るm、アメリカン ジャーナ
ル 才ブ サージエリ−1145:619−622.1993年5月に記載され
ている。ラズグロフ(Razgu Iov)所有の米国特許第3.908.66
2号に示されている装置は、その様な外科手術に使用する装置の一例である。
管腔、または静脈や動脈の様な血管の修理に使用する他の装置には、グラフトを
備えたニチノールコイル(nitinnl coil)がある。このニチノール
コイルは冷却すると寸法が小さくなる。体内に入れるとその温度が]〕昇し、予
め設定した寸法に戻り、グラフトを血管の管腔内に保持する。その様な装置は、
チャールズTドットナー(Charles T、 DotLncrlら、等、′
〆° ニチノールコイル ステントグラフト、に備報告、ラジオロジー147+
259.1983年4月、およびアンドリュー フラッグ(Andrew Cr
agglら、Il−′−ウの− Sニー が0″−胃、ニチノールワイヤをfI
Hす友販肢l、ラジオ[1ジー147:261−253 、1983年4月に詳
細に記載されている。l・、記のニチノールワイヤの様な装置を使用することは
、設置過程において血管壁に貫通し、損傷を5える危険性があるので、望ましく
ない場合がある。
チャウダリ−(Choudhuryl所有の米国特許第4.140.126号は
、動脈瘤の管腔内修復用の装置を開示している。この装置は、折りたたんだ形状
で血管内に入れ、使用者が機械的に伸ばしたかぎにより血管内に引っ掛ける。こ
の装置は機械的に複雑であり、そのために機械的な欠陥を生じ易い。
罹病管腔または血管の修復以外に使用する、他の管腔自装置も公知である。キン
グ所イ1の米国特許第3.874.388号は、心筋区域の脈管内系における中
隔欠陥、または短絡を遮蔽するための機構を聞出している。コーン(Cohnl
所りの米国特許第3.334.629号は、血液の流れを抑制するための装置を
記載している。ボレタスfBoreLuslら所有の米国特許第4.056.8
54号は、人造大動脈心臓弁膜の形成および設置を記載している。ハンター(H
unter)ら所有の米IN特許第3.834.394号は、血管を閉じる管腔
自装置の構造を開示している。モビターウディンfMobin−Uddinl所
有の米国特許第3.540.431号は、管腔内で使用するための、傘状フィル
ターの構造を開示している。ウォータートン、マサチューセッツのメゾイーデッ
ク(MEDI−TEC)11社は、管腔内設置用のグリーンフィールド ヴエナ
キャバ(登録商標)フィルターと呼ばれる装置を賑売している。米国特許第3
.938.528号は、管腔部分接続用の、輸精管または類似の管腔内に移植す
る装置を記載している。
L記装置はどれも、血管を管腔内で修復するだめの、信頼性がある、迅速な手段
または方法を記載していない。
危乳夏盟I
流体を導く体の管腔内に設置するための、管腔内人工器官は、断面および長さを
予め選定した中空のグラフトを有する。このグラフトの近位末端を管腔内の上流
に設置する。このグラフトは変形して、本質的に管腔の内表面に−・致すること
ができる。グラフトを管腔の壁に留めるために、ステーブルがグラフトの近位末
端および好ましくは遠位末端にも付いている。
各ステーブルは、壁に食い込む部材を有する。近位ステーブルの壁に食い込む部
材は、一般にド流方向に角度を付けてあり、脈管壁に食い込むための先端を有す
る。遠位ステーブルの壁に食い込む部材は、一般にグラフトの縦軸、つまり中心
軸に対して直角の方向に角度を付けてあり、やはり壁に食い込むための先端を有
する。
全体的に、ステーブルは、■−字形の格子または骨組みに形成しである。別の実
施形態では、ステーブルの骨組みはU−字形、つまり正弦波形である。ステーブ
ルの骨組みにより、圧縮したステーブルを脈管内で拡張させた時に、放射状に変
形し、スプリングの様な効果を生じ、それ自体をその拡張した状態に保持するこ
とができる。
好ましくは、グラフトは、ナイロンまたはダクロンの様な、体内に永久設置する
のに適した材料で作る。設置に先1′1.つて、グラフトは木質的に円形に成形
し、その長さに沿って木質的に均等に配置した。複数の周方向の二jJ″I折り
を有する様に成形する。使用名が蛍光鏡またはX−線によりグラフトの設置を監
視できる様に、所望により、グラフトの外面で、グラフトの縦軸に沿って、放射
線に対して不透明な継ぎ目を走らせることができる。
中空のグラフトを管腔内に移植するだめの本機構は、グラフトを管腔内に入れ、
それをr・め選定した位置に合わせるための設置丁一段を有する。この設置手段
は、管腔内に位置合わせするだめの形状および大きさを有するカプセルを含む。
使用者が操縦するために、中空の管がカプセルから脈管の外に伸びている。グラ
フトを管腔内に位置合わせするために、グラフトをカプセル内に収容する。設置
手段は、カプセルからグラフトを取り出し、続いてステーブルを管腔壁に押し込
むための操作手段を含む。
好ましくは、設置手段は、管腔内に横滑りできる様に位置した、カプセルから管
腔の外に伸びるカテーテルを含む7このカテーテルは、膜を膨張、収縮させるた
めの手段により操作できる、膨張可能な膜をイーjするのが望ましい。カテーテ
ルには、カプセルを通過し、ステーブルの付いた中空グラフトを、ト流の、つま
り面端の開IN部を通してカプセルの外に押出すための大きさを持つ、押し1段
が付いている。
グラフトの近位部分がカプセルから分離した後、膨張可能な膜を近位ステーブル
の周囲内に移動させ、膨張させ、近位ステーブルの壁に食い込む部材を壁に押し
込む。
次いでバルーンを収縮させ、設置手段を操作してグラフトの残りの部分をカプセ
ルから取り出し、遠位ステーブルを露出させる。好ましくは、遠位ステーブルを
、近位ステーブルと同様にして、設置、固定する。
次いで、設置手段を管腔から取り出す。
図面の簡単な説明
本発明を実行するために現在考えられる最良の形態を示す図面において、
第1図は、本発明の管腔内グラフト機構の、部分的に切断した全体図であり、
第2図は、本発明のグラフト装置を僅かに曲げた状態の図であり。
第3図は、本発明の近位ステーブルの拡大図であり、第4図は、本発明の遠位ス
テーブルの拡大図であり、第5図は、本発明のカプセルの拡大側面図であり、第
6.6Aおよび7図は、管腔内に設置した管腔内グラフトを示す、本発明の管腔
内グラフト装置および設置手段の断面図であり、
第8図は、カプセルの別の実施形態の分解組立図であり、第8A図は、別のカプ
セルの部分図であり、第9図は、本発明の近位ステーブルの、別の実施形態の拡
大図であり。
第10図は、本発明の遠位ステーブルの、別の実施形態の拡大図であり5
第11図は、本発明のステーブルの、別の実施形態の拡大図である。
4f勿いユ区天JLIλ洸朋
第1図は、流体を導く、体の管腔内に人工器官を設置するための機構11を示す
。この機構11は、予め選定した断面および長さを有する中空のグラフト12を
含む。このグラフト12は、第2図により詳細に小ず様に、血管などの管腔内の
」二流に設置するだめの、近位末端14を自する。近位ステーブル16は、グラ
フト12の近位末端14のすぐ近くに位16するが、ここでは、グラフト12の
内壁13を通して管腔の壁の中にクラフト12を留めるための、グラフト12を
通して延びている部分を小ず。遠位ステーブルI7は、クラフト12の遠位末端
88のずぐ近くに位1〃するが、ここでは、グラフトI2の内壁I3を通して管
腔の壁の中にグラフト12を留めるために、グラフト12を通して延びている部
分を示す。
機構11(第1図)は、グラフト12を管腔内に挿入し、グラフト12を管腔内
のぞめ選定した位置に合わせるための、設置手段を含む。この設置手段には、1
j;1部20および後部22を自するカプセル18が含まれる。管26は、カプ
セル18の後部22に接続しており、本体の外に延びて、使用者が操作できるだ
けの長さ25になっている。即ち、管26を操作してカプセルI8を動かすこと
ができる。設置n丁段には、以ドにさらに詳細に説明する操作手段およびワイヤ
ガイド24が含まれる。
カプセル18は、管腔内に入るだけの人きさをイ]する。第1.6および8図か
ら分かる様に、カプセルは中空で、長さ21および断面23が、管腔内を運ぶた
めにグラフト12を収容できる大きさになっている。
操作丁一段は、好ましくはワイヤガイド24上で横滑りして位置調節できる、中
空のカテーテル27を含む。カテーテル27は、その1iij端29に近接して
位置する、膨張できる膜(バルーン)30を有する。膜30を膨張させた状態と
収縮させた状態との間で操作する手段には、膨張できる膜30の内側と注射器3
8との間で流体を連絡させる、カテーテル27の壁の内側にある通路34が含ま
れる。通路34は、カテーテル27の長さ28に沿って、注射器38または他の
手段に延び、流体を注入および除去して膜30を膨張および収縮させる。
ここで円筒状のボタン31として示した押し手段は、カテーテル27を囲み、そ
こに接続しである。この押し手段は、第1および6図に最も分かり易く示す様に
、カテーテル27ヒで、膜30の後ろ、つまり下流に位置している。ボタン31
は、以下にさらに詳しく説明する様に、カプセル内でステーブルを備えたグラフ
ト12に接し、そのカプセル18からステーブルを備えたグラフト12を押出す
様な大きさになっている。
注射器機構38はコネクター40を通し、延長管42を経由して通路34に接続
している。当業者なら察しがつく様に、通路34および膨張できる膜30を備え
たカテーテル27は、構造および機能の両方において、バルーンダイラテーショ
ン力テーデルに非常に良く似ている。また、注射器は、好ましくはスリーブ44
を有し、その中を手動式のピストン46が密閉し、横滑りして内および外方向4
8に移動し、管42および通路34を通して膜30に流体を押し込み、膜30を
それぞれ膨張、収縮させることも分かる。膨張させるために押し込む流体は、空
気または食塩水あるいは使用者が望む様な他の流体でよい、無論、ピストン40
を外方向48に移動させることにより、流体を流出させて膜30を収縮させるこ
とができる。
第2図に示す人造グラフト12は、高い組織内方成長速度を有する、変形可能な
材料からなるのが好ましい。
各種のダクロン、ナイロンおよびデフロン材料、並びに各種の小合体材料が好適
であることが分かつている。現在、望ましい材料は、クリントンドライブ、ホリ
ス、ニューハンプシャー(030491のアトリウム メディカルコーポレーシ
ョン製のブラズマrトE’登録商標、であることが分かつでいる。
グラフト12は、好ましくはその長さに沿って、本質的に等間隔で配置した、(
二市折り(bifold) l−アーの二重折りに似た)複数の周り向ので1F
折り50をイ■する。
このl jJ< jliす50により、軸り向54および半径方向56の両方に
容易に変形できる。したがって、埋め込んだ時に、グラフト12け、管腔の内部
形状に容易に一致することができる。グラフト+2の長さ5zは使用者が選択す
る。−・般に、グラフト12の長さ52は、修復すべき管腔部分よりも長くなる
様に選定する。グラフト12の半径ツノ向56または断面の人きさも、使用者に
より、関与する管腔の内部断面に本質的に一致するか、あるいはそれよりも僅か
に大きくなる様に選定−4るのが一般的である。グラフト12は変形可能な材料
で、ひだを付けて形成しであるので、カプセル1Bの中に容易に折りたたんで入
れる、あるいは押し込むことができる。
第2図に示す様に、本質的に円筒形のグラフト12の周囲に、二つのスラープル
、つまり[固定リングJ 16および17が荀百している。々fましいステーブ
ルを第:i、4.9および10図に示す。
ステーブル16および17は、最初の直径から第二の、より小さな内径に折りた
たむことかできる。ステーブルの最初の直径は、一般的に、グラフト12の直径
6と同じで、そのステーブル16および17を備えたグラフト12を挿入ずへき
管腔の直径と同じか、またはそわよりも僅かに大きい。第二の直径は、カプセル
18の内径と同じか、また1」それよりも僅かに小さい。また、ステ・−プル1
6および17は、 ・般的に、体内に使用するのに適した金属製、または生物学
的に相容性のあるプラスチック製である。現在、そのばね特ヤ1.が優れている
ために、ステンレス鋼のワイヤ材料が好ましい。
第2図に最も分かり易く示1様に、ステーブル16および17は、グラフト12
内に位置し、そこに縫い合わせてあっても良い。ステーブル16および17は、
そのグラフトI2を入れる管腔の内表面に対して、グラフト12を外側に押し付
ける様な大きさになっている。
m−実施形態では、近位ステーブル16(第3図)は、複数の■−字形支持部材
60を有する。各■−字形支持部材60は、2本の「自由端」または脚、例えば
60^、60B、60Cおよび60Dを備えた先端62をイイする。自由端61
Aは、接合点63で、もう−・っの■−字形支持部材60の自由端61Bと接合
している。少なくとも二つのV−字形支持部材60が、縦軸67を中心どして全
体的に円形に、互いに接続している。弾性変形し得る材料、つまりばね材料の使
用により、第3図のステーブルは、“■”角度65を小さくする様に圧縮し、カ
プセル18の中に入る様に、ステーブルの直径を小さくできることが分かる。
近位ステーブル16の各支持部材60には、一般的に脚60A、60Bの一つの
長さ66に沿っ−C1好ましくは少なくとも三つの接合点63に、またはその近
くに壁に食い込む部材70が付いている。壁に食い込む部材70は、鋭い尖端7
1を持つ、返しまたは細長い針状の部材であるのが好ましい。この壁に食い込む
部月70は、支持部拐に角度75で取り付けであるが、この角度は、縦軸5つま
り近位ステーブル16の中心軸67から約15°〜約135°の間で変えること
ができる。好ましくは、この壁に食い込む部材70は、軸67から下流方向10
0(第6図)に伸び、したがって角度75は好ましくは90°未満、より好まし
くは約30°〜約60°の範囲である。
ここで注意すべきは、支持部材60の数または量は、ステーブルの軸方向の長さ
66並びに管腔の、したがってカプセル18の断面の大きさにより決定されるこ
とである。第3図は、管腔の大きさが成人の大動脈のそれに匹敵する特定の動物
の管腔に使用するのに適し−Cいることが分かっている、複数の6支持部材60
を示している。即ち、その管腔は、約12〜18mmの平均または有効直径を有
する。
また、γF意ずへきは、壁に食い込む部材70は、管腔の内表面に突き刺さ−>
−r引っ掛かり、グラフト12をそこに固定するために使I11することである
。壁に食い込む部材70は二つで十分な場合もあるが、少なくともクー)有るの
が好ましい。管腔が動脈または静脈である場合、ある程度変形するのが一般的で
あるので、二つだけでは実際に突き刺さり、引っ掛かるのが困難なことがあり、
三つ以l”を使用することによって十分に突き刺さり、引っ掛かることができる
。無論、各支持部材が壁に食い込む部材を備え、十分に壁をこ食い込み、また、
グラフト12のト流、つまり近位末端を管腔壁に対してより確実に保持し、治療
後の回復過程における流体(例λば血液)の漏れを最小に抑えるのが最も望まし
い。
近位ステーブル16は一体成形してもよいし、あるいは個別の、血管壁に食い込
む部材70を有するV−字形支持部材を接続し、て構築し、でもよい。即ち、ス
テンレス鋼のスプリングワイヤを曲げで、尖端62および(a合点b3を形成し
、特定の箇所で半El伺け、または溶接して図に示す様な連続形状にすることが
できる。あるいは、個別の、支持部材70の脚を、望ましい強度に応じて溶接、
接青または!’−Ill付けしマもよい。
また、好ましい近位ステーブル104(第9図)は、複数のV−字形支持部材1
06からなる。各支持部材+06は、尖端108および2木の自由末端、つまり
脚+10を有する。脚110Aは、接合点112で、もう一つのV−字形支持部
材106Aの脚110Bと接合している。
■−字形支持部材106は、仔いに、縦軸+14の回りに全体とじで円形に接続
して、近位ステーブル16(第3図)の配置に類似した。連続的な囲い状の配置
になっている。
第9図では、近位ステーブル104の少なくとも二つの接合点112で、または
その近くで、壁に食い込む部材116を支持部材105に取り付けである。しか
し、好ましい近位ステーブル104では、接合点112でステーブル104に延
長部材+18を取り付けである。これらの延長部材118のそれぞれは、所望に
より、そこに取り付けた、追加の壁に食い込む部材120を有することができる
。
壁に食い込む部4J’116.120はすべて、近位ステーブル+04に、第3
図のステーブル16の角度75に対応する角度+22で取り付けである。血管壁
に食い込む部材116.120の好ましい取り付は角度は、約30°〜約60°
である。管腔壁の中に挿入し易(するために、壁に食い込む部材116.120
はすべて、好ましくは一般的に同じ角度122で取り付ける。しかし、部材!1
6および120は、実際には極めて小さく、精確に取り付Cづるのが困難である
。そこで、これらの角度はl口°まで変化しても良い。そのヒ、延長部118は
、支持部材106の大きさに影響せずに、したがってカプセル18内に折りたた
んだ時に第二の、つまりより小さい直径に影響を与えずに、ステーブル+04に
軸方向の長さを追加するのに使用する、遠位スラープル17(第4図)も好まし
くは、複数のV−字形支持部材65からなる。各V−字形支持部材は、頂点69
および2本の自由端または脚71Aおよび718を有する。自由端VIAは、接
合点73で、もう一つのV−字形支持部材65の自由端71Bと接合している。
近位ステーブル17の■−字形部部材5は、第3図に示すステーブルと同様に、
全体どして円形の配置でrIIいに接続されている、複数の接合点73で、遠位
ステーブルの縦軸77に対して好ましくは直角の角度76で、壁に食い込む部材
72が取り付けである。壁に食い込む部材72と縦軸77との間の角度76は、
約45°〜約115°の間で変化し得る。遠位ステーブルの壁に食い込む部材7
2は、血管壁を貫通しない様に、十分短いのが好ましい。
好ましいステープル124を第10図に示す。これは、尖端128お、Lび2本
の脚130Aおよび130Bからなる複数の■−字形支持部材126を有する。
脚130Aは、接合点132で、隣接する■−字形支持部材125の脚130B
に接合している。遠位ステーブル124のV−字形支持部材+26は、11−い
に、軸134の回りに全体として円形になる様に接続し、第3および4図に示す
ステーブルと同様なフェンス状の配置nになっている。
遠位ステーブル124の少なくともミつの接合点132に、またはその近くに、
壁に食い込む部材136が取り付けである。遠位ステープル+26は、複数の接
合点132に取り付けた延長部材+38をイ1し、そこに別の、壁に食い込む部
材140が取り付けであるが、これらはずへてステープル104について示すも
のと同等である。
遠イ1′iスデーブル17と同様に、壁に食い込む部材136.140が、約4
5°〜約1+5°の間で変えられる角度で、ステーブル126に取り(−1けで
ある。好ましくは、この角度は約75°〜約105°であるが、−・般的に軸1
34に対し−(直角であるのが最も好ましい。近位スフー−プル104と同様に
、対応する、壁に食い込む部材136.140は、スラーーープル+26に対し
て同じ角度で取り付けである。
支持部材は、L記のすべてのステープル16.17.104おJ:び126に関
して、第11図に小ず様なU−字形でもよい。この配置は、全体として+IE弦
波形の様に見える。もつ一つの別の天施例では、第3.4.9および10図の血
管壁に食い込む部材?0.72.116.120゜136および140は、第1
1図に示す返しの付いた部材+39と同様の、釣り針の様なik L/を持つこ
とができる。
ここで、第6図に関して、管腔内グラフト移植用機構+1(第1図)の一部を、
管腔90内の断面で示す。グラフト12およびカプセル18を含む機構IIは、
大きさが(断面で)様々に異なる体の管腔内に相容性良く収容するために、各種
の異なった大きさで造ることができる。第6および7図で、各種の表面を分かり
易く図に示すために、カプセル18は管腔90よりも小さく示しである。一般に
、カプセルI8およびグラフト12などの、この機構の構成部品の断面の大きさ
く即ち軸54に対して直角の面積)は、管腔90と木質的に同じか、または僅か
に小さく選定する。さらに、図に示す体の管腔90は、断面が本質的に円形であ
る。しかし、血管の様な管腔は、その長さに沿って断面が大きく代わることがあ
るが、弾性的に変形して機構10のカプセル18および他の部品を受は入れる。
また、管腔は直線的ではなく、体中で多くの湾曲部を有する。
第5図に示す様に、カプセル18は、好ましくは側面94と前面20との間で丸
くなった、あるいは先細りになった縁表面92を有する。この先細りの表面92
は、特に管腔90が収縮している、あるいは断面がカプセルI8おJ:びグラフ
ト12よりも小さくなっている場所において、管腔を広げるための接触表面を与
えることにより、管腔内に入り易くし、位置し易くする6血管または動脈の様な
体の管腔は、伸長、変形することができる。管26の外部末端96に力をかけて
カプセル18を管腔90内に押し込む時に、先細りの表面92が管腔を望ましい
形に変形させ、収容し易くすることができる。
カプセル18の内側に、グラフト12を受は入れる大きさの、滑らかな空洞98
(第6図)が有る。図から分かる様に、カテーテル27は空洞9Bの中央に位置
することができる。リードまたはガイドワイヤ24を、この技術で公知の方法に
より管腔90内に入れ、カテーテル27の内側を通ずことができる。管25は、
カプセル18の後部22に接続し、そこから後方に、つまり下流100に伸び1
機構10の構成部品を挿入するために管腔に開けた開口部102を通る。カテー
テル27は中空の管26の中に滑り込ませて接続できる。
カプセル18は、第5図に示す様に、そのdii端に開けた、ステープル16お
よび17を備えたグラフト12を通過させるための大きさを持つ開[]部19を
有する。即ち、以下に説明する様に、ステーブル16および+7を備えたグラフ
ト12が、開口部19の中を通って管腔90内に押出される。カプセル1Bは、
医学的に相容性のある材料で形成する。各種のナイロンおよびテフロン材料並び
に特定の金属を使用できることが分かっている。ここでは、開口部19を通して
スフ−プルを容易に外側に押すことができるので、ステンレス綱を使用するのが
好ましい。第5図に示す様に、滑らかな外側表面をりえるために、接続手段を備
えている。
第6図に示す様に、クラフトI2はカプセル18の空洞98内に位置する。グラ
フトI2およびステープル16. +7は、前に説明した様に、変形していない
状態では、断面が管腔90の断面にりも僅かに大きいが、空洞98内にはまる様
に変形できるのが好ましい。その際、空洞9Bの内表面104に対して外方向の
、つまり半径方向の力が外側に向かって働き、グラフト12をカプセル18内に
保持する。
さらに、図に小すステーブルの管腔に食い込む部分が、カプセル18の内表面+
04に摩擦して接触し、管腔内に設置する際に、さらにグラフト12を空洞内に
抑え込み、保持している。
第8図に示す様に、カプセルI8は、好ましくは、協同作用する、おすのねじ山
を備えた部材101Bおよびめすのねし山を備えた部材I旧Δである接続手段に
より噛み合わせることができる、二つの接続管状部分88.89からなる。その
様な構造は、カプセル18内にグラフト12を収容し易くするために使用する。
カプセル18の近位部分89は遠位部分88から外ずことかできる。その後グラ
フト12の遠位末端15をカプセル18の遠位置部分88内に位置させる。グラ
フト12の近位末端14も同様にカプセルの近位部分89内に入れ、それからこ
の近位部分を遠位部分88に接続する。次いで、カテーテル27をカプセルおよ
びグラフト12内に伸ばす。接続手段は、グラフト12の捻れを最小に抑えるた
めに、近位および遠位部分88.89間の相対的な回転量を最小に抑える様に選
択するのが好ましい。
カプセル18の形状に関わらず、第6図から分かる様に、動脈、血管その他類似
の体の管腔の様な管腔90には開口部102を形成する。次いで、そこにガイド
ワイヤ24を挿入し、望ましい位置に合わせる。適当な大きさのカプセルI8と
グラフトI2を、開口部+02を通し、ガイドワイヤ24に沿って管腔90内に
挿入する。第6図に示す様にグラフト12が位置したら、管26(第1図)の外
部108に位置合わせをするための力を作用させて、カプセル18を」二流方向
に押し込む。次いで、カテーテル27を挿入することができる。熱論、カプセル
18およびグラフトI2を管腔90を通して、入り口点102からある程度の距
離にある望ましい位置に合わせられる様に、ガイドワイヤ24、カテーテル27
および管26はそれぞれ十分な長さ25および28を有する必要がある。また、
当業者であれば分かる様に、カプセル18およびグラフト12を管腔90内の望
ましい精確な位置に合わせ易くするために、蛍光透視法の様な適当な放射線技術
を使用することもできる。この位置は、はとんどの場合、管腔90の、修復を必
要としている罹病または損傷部分であろう。管腔90内の望ましい位置に到達し
たら、゛管腔90内でそれ以1上流へ移動するのを停止、する。血管外の、カテ
ーテル27の回りで、クランプまたは他の手段により、管26に対してカテーテ
ル27が動かない様にする。必要に応じて、管26もまた固定または保持しても
よ次いで、押しボタン3Iおよびカテーテル27を使用して、開[]部I9を通
しどCグラフトを前方、つまり」−流に押す。押しボタンが1上縮された近位ス
テーブル15の後端部分に接すると、グラフト12の近位末端14が先ずカプセ
ル18から離れる。この説明[」的には、ステーブル16および+7(第3およ
び4図)を使用する。しかし、ステーブル104および+26も他の同等のステ
ーブルと同様に代用できる。押しボタン31は、管26を通り、グラフト12の
中に入り、カプセル1Bの開FJ部19の中を通るのに十分な位に小さな直径を
有する。カテーテル27は一定の位置に保持し、管26を近位ステーブル16か
ら土浦へ移動させる。バルーン3oを第6A図に示す様に膨張させ、保持力を与
え、管腔90に対する相対的な運動に抵抗することができる。押しボタン31が
圧縮された近位ステーブル16の部分に接触し、近位ステーブルをカプセル18
の開口部I9を通して押す5近位ステーブル16がカプセル18の開[]部19
を通して押出されると、ステーブルがばねの力で開き、壁に食い込む部材7oを
管腔9゜の壁に接触させる。近位ステーブル16がカプセル18から完全に離れ
、壁に食い込む部材70が壁と最初の接触をした後、膨張可能な+tq3oを近
位ステーブル16およびグラフト12の周辺部の中に移動させる。次いで、膨張
ijJ能な膜(バルーン) 30を、膨張手段36を便用して膨張させ(第7図
参照)、壁に食い込む部材7oを管腔9oの壁表面の中に押し込み、近位ステー
ブル16およびグラフト12をそこにl^j定する。
次にカプセル18をさらに土浦100に移動させ、グラフト12の遠荀部分15
をカプセル18から分離し、遠位ステーブル17および壁に食い込む部材72を
管腔90の内表面に接触させる。バルーン30を収縮させ、移動させてステーブ
ル16の位置に合わせ、膨へさせてグラフト12を確実に固定する。遠位部分1
5が分離した後、バルーン30を収縮させ、移動させて遠位ステーブル17の位
置に合わせる。
次いでバルーン30を膨張させ、遠位置ステーブル17の壁に食い込む部材72
を壁内に押し込み、グラフトの遠位ステーブル17および遠位末端15を管腔9
0に固定する。次いで、必要であれば、バルーンカテーテルを通して脈管撮影を
行ない、グラフト12の開存および安定性を確認しても良い。脈管撮影を行うた
めの主内腔を持たないバルーンを使用してもよい。その場合、ガイドワイヤは使
用せず、続く脈管撮影を行なうのに別の脈管撮影カテーテルが必要になる。
次いで、バルーン30を収縮させ、管25およびカプセル18を管腔90から取
り出ず。管26全体を除去した後、カテーテル27を除去し、開口部102を閉
じる。カプセルI8の後部22は、除去し易くするために、第8A図に示す様に
、僅かに丸みをつけた縁部89Aを持つ様に成形しても良い。
設置後は、管腔流体、例えば血液の圧力がグラフト12を管腔の内表面+12に
押し付け、グラフトI2をその位置に保持することが理解されるだろう。グラフ
ト12の二重折り50により、グラフト12が変形し、管腔の内表面112に一
致し、管腔の自然な動きと共に曲ったり伸びたりする可撓性が得られる。その上
、二重折り50は、ある程度、ラビリンスシールとして作用し、管腔の内表面1
12とグラフト12の外表面84との間からの漏れを減少させる。即ち、管腔9
0内の流体の内圧がグラフトI2をその位置に保持し、ステーブル16および1
7がグラフトI2の両端で漏れを防ぐのを助ける。
操作において注意すべきは、クラフト12を備えた機構11は、一般に1−1な
われている外科的技術により管腔90内に挿入することである。例えば、開L1
部を脚部に設けて、人間の主動脈に到達することができよう。その後、機構11
をL記の様に使用し、人造グラフi・をl:、動脈内の、心筋あるいは大動脈区
域といった、体の内部にまで設置することができる。したがって、この技術によ
り、大動脈、大静脈、等を修復するだめの、胸部あるいは腹部を貫通する大−「
、術を避けることができる。熱論、機構11の構成部品は解削学的に相容性のあ
る材質で製作する。例えば、管26および膨張可能な膜30は、本質的に化学的
に相容性のあるプラスチックで製作する。カテーテル27は、可撓性を持たせる
ためにテフロンの様な(イ料で造り、グラフト12を管腔90内の望ましい位置
に設置し易くするために、適切な直径および長さに加工する。
ここに説明した、グラフト12を備えた機構11を使用することにより、大動脈
区域における血管または動脈の様な脈管な修復するための、人手術の必要性を無
くすことができる。また、この機構は、人間または動物の体内の、他の脈管ある
いは導管を修復するのにも使用できる。したがって、この機構を使用することに
より、人丁、術に伴う死亡率を低下させることができる。また、この機構により
、欠陥のある、または損傷した脈管な比較的低いコストおよび危険性で、迅速に
修復することができる。この機構は機械的に簡?1Nで、信頼性が高く、緊急を
装する状態にあるけが人を治療するのにも有用である。
本発明の原理の応用を説明するためにのみ、グラフト12を含む機構11をここ
に説明した。ここに説明した実施形態の詳細は、本発明にとって必須と見なされ
る特徴を述べた請求の範囲を制限するものではない。
1”1−67 1i77Fig、 3
Fi(j、 4Fig、 5
Fig、6
Fig、 6a
Fig、 7
Fig、 8a
Fig、 //
国際調査報告
Claims (28)
- 1.複数の、三つ以上の支持部材、および壁に食い込む部材からなり、 支持部材のそれぞれが、結合して先端を形成する2本の脚を有し、その脚のそれ ぞれが隣接する支持部材の脚と結合して、中央軸を中心とする全体的に円形の、 支持部材の配置を形成し、管腔内に挿入するための第一の折りたたんだ位置と、 該管腔内の選定した位置に設置した時の、第二の拡張した位置との間で作動する ことができ、 壁に食い込む部材のそれぞれが、選定した支持部材に取り付けてあり、該第二の 拡張位置において該管腔の壁に食い込むために、中心軸から外側方向に伸びてい ることを特徴とする管腔内グラフトと共に使用するグラフトステーブル。
- 2.各支持部材の2本の脚のそれぞれが、第一の末端および第二の末端を有し、 それぞれの第一の末端で結合して前記先端を形成していること、および該脚のそ れぞれの該第二の末端が、隣接する支持部材の脚の第二の末端と結合して、複数 の下部先端を形成していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の管腔内クラフトステ ーブル。
- 3.前記2本の脚の一つが、前記先端を越えて突き出している延長部分を有する ことを特徴とする請求項2記載のグラフトステーブル。
- 4.前記の壁に食い込む部材が、前記の選定した支持部材の前記延長部分に取り 付けてあることを特徴とする請求項3記載の管腔内グラフトステーブル。
- 5.前記脚のそれぞれが、スプリング状の材料からなり、本質的に真直であるこ とを特徴とする請求項4記載の管腔内グラフトステーブル。
- 6.前記支持部材のそれぞれの脚が、前記先端から離れる様に伸びており、互い に形状が「V」字形になっていることを特徴とする請求項5記載の管腔内グラフ トステーブル。
- 7.前記支持部材のそれぞれの脚が、前記先端から離れる様に伸びており、互い に形状が「U」字形になっていることを特徴とする請求項5記載の管腔内グラフ トステーブル。
- 8.前記の壁に食い込む部材のそれぞれが、そのそれぞれの支持部材に取り付け てあり、そこから、中央軸から約45°〜約115°の角度で、離れる様に伸び ている細長い針状の部材であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の管腔内グラフト ステーブル。
- 9.前記の壁に食い込む部材が、そのそれぞれの支持部材に、中央軸から約15 °〜約175°の角度で取り付けてあることを特徴とする請求項5記載の管腔内 グラフトステーブル。
- 10.管腔内グラフト手段を、体の管腔外から体の管腔内に設置するための手段 を有する機構に使用するための中空カプセルにおいて、該中空カプセルが 前端部および後端部を有し、該前端部が、その中を管腔内グラフト手段が通過で きる大きさの開口部を有する、体の管腔内を通過させるために形成した近位部分 、前記体の管腔内を通過させるために形成してあり、その後端部が、前記の、管 腔内グラフト手段を体の管腔外から体の管腔内に設置するための手段を接続する 構造になっている遠位部分、 該近位部分の後端部および該遠位部分の前端部を接続するための、該近位部分お よび該遠位部分に機械的に関連する接続手段、 からなり、 該近位および遠位部分が一緒になって、該管腔内5グラフト手段を取り外しでき る様に受け入れる寸法であることを特徴とする中空カプセル。
- 11.前記接続手段が、協同作用するおすーめすねじ山であること、および前記 近位部分および前記遠位部分が、それぞれ、前記接続手段において、外断面が品 質的に等しいことを特徴とする請求項10記載の中空カプセル。
- 12.前記近位部分の前端が、その前端に向かって先細りになっていることを特 徴とする請求項11記載の中空カプセル。
- 13.前記カプセルが、ステンレス鋼製であることを特徴とする請求項12記載 の中空カプセル。
- 14.流体を導く体の管腔内にグラフトを挿入するための機構において、 予め選定した断面および長さを有し、該体の管腔内に設置するための近位末端お よび遠位末端を有し、変形して該体の管腔の内表面に本質的に一致し得る中空グ ラフト、該グラフトの近位末端近くに位置し、該中空グラフトを該内表面に対し て押し付ける様に形成され、位置し、位置合わせした管腔に食い込む部材を有し 、そこから伸びて、該中空グラフトの該近位末端を該体の管腔に対して、および その中に保持するための管腔を貫通する部材を有する近位ステーブル、および該 中空グラフトの遠位末端近くに位置し、該中空グラフトを該内表面に対して押し 付ける様に形成され、位置し、位置合わせした管腔に食い込む部材を有し、該中 空グラフトの該遠位末端を該体の管腔に対して、およびその中に保持する構造に なっている遠位ステーブル、および 該近位および遠位ステーブルを備えた該中空グラフトを、該体の管腔内の、管腔 に対して予め選定した位置に設置し、移植するための設置手段 からなることを特徴とする機構。
- 15.前記設置手段が、 前記体の管腔内に位置し、その中を移動できる様な大きさおよび形状を有し、前 記近位および遠位ステーブルを備えた前記中空グラフトを受け人れる大きさと形 状の内面を有する様に形成され、前記近位および遠位ステーブルを備えた前記中 空グラフトを通過させるために、その一端に形成された開口部を持つカプセル、 および 使用者が操作するための、前記体の管腔外に伸びている部分を有する操作手段で あって、該カプセル、および前記体の管腔内の前記遠位および近位ステーブルを 備えた前記中空グラフトと関連し、前記中空グラフトおよび前記遠位および近位 ステープルを、該カプセルの該開口部を通して押出すための操作手段を含むこと を特徴とする請求項14記載の機構。
- 16.前記カプセルが後端部を有し、そこに開口部を形成していること、および 前記操作手段が、前記カプセルに接続した中空の管を含み、カプセルの後端部の 該開口部と連絡し、使用者が操作するために、前記中空管が管腔外に伸びる大き さを有することを特徴とする請求項15記載の機構。
- 17.前記操作手段が、使用者が操作するための、前記中空管内および前記カプ セルを通して横滑りできる断面の大きさ、および前記カプセルの内側から管腔外 に仲ひる長さを有するカテーテルを含み、該カテーテルが、その内部末端の近く に膨張できる膜、およびそれと連絡する、該膜を膨張および収縮させるための手 段を有することを特徴とする請求項16記載の機構。
- 18.前記操作手段が、 カテーテルの外表面で、前記膨張可能な薄膜に近い所で、その後方に取り付けて あり、その一端にある開口部および後端部にある開口部を通過する大きさを有し 、前記近位および遠位ステーブルを備えた前記中空グラフトを、前記カプセルの 一端にある前記開口部を通して前記カプセルの外に押出すための押し手段を含む ことを特徴とする請求項17記載の機構。
- 19.前記押し手段が円筒形状を有することを特徴とする請求項18記載の機構 。
- 20.前記カプセルが、先細りになった前端部を有することを特徴とする請求項 18記載の機構。
- 21.前記中空グラフトが、本質的に円筒形状を有すること、および前記近位お よび遠位ステーブルおよび前記中空グラフトが前記カプセル内に横滑りできる様 に位置できること、および前記押し手段が、前記第一の中空管に対する前記カテ ーテルの下流方向の動きにより、前記近位ステーブルに接触し、近位ステープル および前記グラフトを前記カプセルから押出す様な大きさを有することを特徴と する請求項18記載の機構。
- 22.流体を導く体の管腔内に管状のグラフトを移植する方法において、 予め選定した長さを有し、近位および遠位末端を有し、変形して該体の管腔の内 表面に本質的に一致できる管状のグラフト、 該管状グラフトを該体の管腔の内表面に対して押し付け、固定するための、該管 状グラフトの近位末端近くに位置する近位ステーブル、 該体の管腔内に位置するための大きさを有し、該管状グラフトを受け入れ、該管 状グラフトを該体の管腔内に位置させ、近位末端の開口部が、近位ステーブルを 備えた管状グラフトを通過させるために選定した断面を有する中空カプセル、該 カプセルに接続し、使用者が操作するために、該体の管腔外に伸びる長さを有す る操作手段からなり、体の管腔に、該カプセルを通すための大きさを有する開口 部を設けること、カプセル中に、該近位ステーブルを備えた該管状グラフトを収 容すること、 該カプセルを該開口部内に挿入し、該操作手段を操作することによって、該カプ セルを該体の管腔内で上流に、望ましい位置に押し進めること、 操作手段を操作し、該近位ステーブルを備えた管状グラフトを、該開口部を通し て、該体の管腔内に押出し、該近位ステープルを該体の管腔の内表面に対して押 し付け、そこに該管状グラフトを固定すること、 操作手段を操作することによって、該カプセルを該脈管から除去すること、およ び 該開口部を閉じること からなる方法。
- 23.さらに、前記カプセルおよび管状グラフトの動きおよび位置合わせを監視 するために、使用者の近くに蛍光透視手段の設置を含むことを特徴とする請求項 16記載の方法。
- 24.流体を導く体の脈管内に設置するための人工器官において、該人工器官が 、 予め選定した断面および長さを有し、該脈管内の上流に設置するための近位末端 を有し、変形して該体の脈管の内表面に本質的に一致できる中空グラフト、およ び全体的に円形配置になる様に互いに接続した複数の支持部材、およびそれぞれ 該支持部材に取り付けてあり、そこから伸びている複数の脈管壁に食い込む部材 を有し、該中空グラフトを該内表面に押し付け、該脈管に食い込む部材を該体の 脈管内に押し込むために、該中空グラフトの近位末端近くに位置する管腔内グラ フトステーブル からなることを特徴とする人工器官。
- 25.前記支持部材が、本質的に「V」字形であることを特徴とする請求項20 記載の管腔内グラフト装置。
- 26.前記中空グラフトが高い組織内方成長率を有する材料からなることを特徴 とする請求項20記載の管腔内グラフト装置。
- 27.前記中空グラフトが、ダクロンおよびテフロンの混合材料からなり、設置 前は本質的に円筒形であり、その長さに沿って、複数の、本質的に均等に間隔を 置いて配置した周方向の二重折りを有する様に成形してあることを特徴とする請 求項21記載の管腔内グラフト装置。
- 28.前記グラフトが、その中に長さ方向に縫い付けた、放射線に対して不透明 な継ぎ目 を有することを特徴とする請求項24記載の管腔内グラフト装置。
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US166,093 | 1988-03-09 | ||
US07/166,093 US5104399A (en) | 1986-12-10 | 1988-03-09 | Artificial graft and implantation method |
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JPH03503246A true JPH03503246A (ja) | 1991-07-25 |
JP2771001B2 JP2771001B2 (ja) | 1998-07-02 |
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JP1503999A Expired - Lifetime JP2771001B2 (ja) | 1988-03-09 | 1989-03-08 | 人造グラフトおよび内移植方法 |
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US (9) | US5104399A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0688544A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2771001B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE137655T1 (ja) |
AU (3) | AU637318B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1335528C (ja) |
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AU4088696A (en) | 1996-04-04 |
EP0688544A2 (en) | 1995-12-27 |
US6610085B1 (en) | 2003-08-26 |
US5397345A (en) | 1995-03-14 |
EP0407425B1 (en) | 1996-05-08 |
US5662700A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
US6017364A (en) | 2000-01-25 |
DE68926452T3 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
DE68926452D1 (de) | 1996-06-13 |
DE68926452T2 (de) | 1996-09-12 |
US5104399A (en) | 1992-04-14 |
EP0407425A4 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
EP0407425B2 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
US6544268B1 (en) | 2003-04-08 |
AU693294B2 (en) | 1998-06-25 |
AU3439289A (en) | 1989-10-05 |
WO1989008433A1 (en) | 1989-09-21 |
ATE137655T1 (de) | 1996-05-15 |
US6416535B1 (en) | 2002-07-09 |
AU663583B2 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
AU637318B2 (en) | 1993-05-27 |
EP0688544A3 (ja) | 1996-01-10 |
US6702844B1 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
AU3826193A (en) | 1993-07-01 |
EP0407425A1 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
JP2771001B2 (ja) | 1998-07-02 |
CA1335528C (en) | 1995-05-16 |
US6030413A (en) | 2000-02-29 |
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