JP7444220B2 - 化粧シート - Google Patents
化粧シート Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7444220B2 JP7444220B2 JP2022168672A JP2022168672A JP7444220B2 JP 7444220 B2 JP7444220 B2 JP 7444220B2 JP 2022168672 A JP2022168672 A JP 2022168672A JP 2022168672 A JP2022168672 A JP 2022168672A JP 7444220 B2 JP7444220 B2 JP 7444220B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- olefin resin
- resin layer
- decorative
- surface protective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 199
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 114
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- BDEDPKFUFGCVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-1-oxo-3,4,7,9-tetrahydrocyclopenta[h]isochromene-5-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=C1OC(O)CC(C(C=O)=C2O)=C1C1=C2CC(C)(C)C1 BDEDPKFUFGCVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 59
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 101000915578 Homo sapiens Zinc finger HIT domain-containing protein 3 Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009816 wet lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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Description
1.第一オレフィン樹脂層、第二オレフィン樹脂層、及び表面保護層をこの順に有する化粧シートにおいて、
前記第二オレフィン樹脂層を形成するオレフィン樹脂がホモポリプロピレンであり、且つ厚みが30~120μmであり、
前記表面保護層を形成する樹脂がウレタン(メタ)アクリレートオリゴマーの硬化物であり、且つ厚みが10~30μmであり、
前記第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2と前記表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1とが下記式(2);
H IT 1 > HIT 2 (2)
を満たすことを特徴とする化粧シート。
以下、本発明の化粧シート及び化粧板について詳細に説明する。
(化粧シート)
本発明の化粧シート10は、図1に図示の如く第一オレフィン樹脂層3、第二オレフィン樹脂層2、及び表面保護層1をこの順に有する化粧シートであって、
第二オレフィン樹脂層2のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2と表面保護層1のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1とが下記式(1)及び(2);
HIT 2 ≧ 100MPa (1)
HIT 1 > HIT 2 (2)
を満たすことを特徴とする。
(インデンテーション硬さ)
本明細書において、各層の「インデンテーション硬さ」は、表面皮膜物性試験機トライボインデンター(登録商標)「TI-950」(HYSITRON社製)を用いて測定されるナノインデンテーション硬さで示す。
(1)図4(a)に示されるバーコビッチ圧子を用いて、図4(b)に示すように測定試料にバーコビッチ圧子を後述の押込み条件にて押込み、表面にできた三角錘型の幾何学的形状から、「装置標準の方法で補正した接触投影面積(Ap)(mm2)」を計算し、最大試験荷重(Fmax)を前記Apで除することにより硬さを求める。
(2)ここで、押込み条件は、第一オレフィン樹脂層及び第二オレフィン樹脂層については、室温(実験室環境温度)において、図4(c)に示される通り、先ず0~50μNまでの負荷を5秒間で加え(すなわち10μN/s)、次に50μN(Fmax)の負荷で5秒間保持し、最後に50~0μNまでの除荷を10秒間で行う。また、表面保護層については、先ず0~100μNまでの負荷を10秒間で加え(すなわち10μN/s)、次に100μN(Fmax)の負荷で5秒間保持し、最後に100~0μNまでの除荷を10秒間で行う。通常、押し込み量(h)は100~150nm程度であるため、測定試料となる層の押し込み方向の厚さは1.0μm以上(好適には1.5μm以上)であればよい。
(3)なお、硬さの測定に際し、測定試料となる層以外の層の硬さの影響を回避するために測定対象の層の断面の硬さを測定する。すなわち、化粧シートを樹脂(冷間硬化タイプのエポキシ2液硬化樹脂)で包埋し、室温で24時間以上放置して硬化させた後、硬化した埋包サンプルを機械研磨して測定対象の層の断面を露出させ、測定対象の層の断面(充填材等の微粒子が層中に含まれる場合には当該微粒子を避けた位置)に上記バーコビッチ圧子を押込むことにより各層の断面の硬さを測定する。
(4)各層について、それぞれ偏りが生じないように10箇所のインデンテーション硬さを測定し、10箇所の平均値をそれぞれ「表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1」、「第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2」及び「第一オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 3」とする。
HIT 1 > HIT 2 (2)
なお、表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1は、比較的高荷重での耐擦傷性を発揮させるという理由から第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2よりも大きい必要があり、且つ100MPa超過である。
450MPa > HIT 1 (3)
を満たすことが好ましい。
HIT 2 > HIT 3 (4)
を満たすことが好ましい。
(第一オレフィン樹脂層)
第一オレフィン樹脂層は、オレフィン樹脂からなる層であり、オレフィン樹脂としては、例えば、エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン等のオレフィンの単独重合体;エチレン-プロピレンのブロック共重合体、ランダム共重合体;エチレン及びプロピレンの少なくとも一種と、ブテン、ペンテン、ヘキセン等の少なくとも一種の他のオレフィンとの共重合体;エチレン及びプロピレンの少なくとも一種と、酢酸ビニル、ビニルアルコール等の少なくとも一種の他の単量体との共重合体;等が挙げられる。なかでも、優れた耐擦傷性と良好な曲げ加工性とを得る観点から、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンが好ましく、特にポリエチレンが好ましい。
(第二オレフィン樹脂層)
第二オレフィン樹脂層は、オレフィン樹脂からなる層であり、そのインデンテーション硬さHIT 2が上記式(1)及び(2)を満足することを要する層である。
HIT 1 > HIT 2 (2)
HIT 2 > HIT 3 (4)
第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2は、耐擦傷性及び曲げ加工性のバランスの観点から、100MPa以上200MPa以下が好ましく、105MPa以上150MPa以下がより好ましく、110MPa以上130MPa以下が更に好ましい。
Dnp:数平均分子量
di:ヒストグラムのi番目の直径
ni:頻度
本発明において、ナノシェルの平均一次粒子径は、可視光の波長領域(380~750nm)未満であり、また可視光の波長の1/2以下程度である、すなわち、380nm未満であることが好ましく、より具体的には、1nm以上380nm未満が好ましく、1~375nmがより好ましく、5~300nmが更に好ましく、10~250nmがより更に好ましく、15~200nmが特に好ましい。平均一次粒子径が上記範囲内にあると、より容易に第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さを調節でき、優れた耐擦傷性と曲げ加工性とを得ることができる。
(表面保護層)
表面保護層は、図1及び2に示されるように、化粧シートの最表面に設けられて外面に露出する層であり、化粧シートの耐汚染性、耐擦傷性、耐薬品性等の表面特性を向上させるために設けられる。また、表面保護層は、そのインデンテーション硬さHIT 1が、下記式(2)を満足することを要する。
表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1は、比較的高荷重での耐擦傷性を発揮させるという理由から第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2よりも大きい必要があり、且つ100MPa超過である。
なお、前述したインデンテーション硬さHIT 1の上限及び下限の多段階の好適な範囲は、それぞれ組み合わせることが可能である。例えば下限の最大値と、上限の最大値とを組み合わせてHIT 1の範囲を350MPa以上450MPa未満とすることができる。
(その他の層)
本発明の化粧シートは、上記の第一オレフィン樹脂層、第二オレフィン樹脂層及び表面保護層の他、用途に応じて、例えば、装飾層、プライマー層、接着剤層等を有することができる。
(装飾層)
本発明の化粧シートは、意匠性を向上させる観点から、装飾層を有することができる。装飾層は、例えば、第一オレフィン樹脂層と第二オレフィン樹脂層との間、又は第二オレフィン樹脂層と表面保護層との間、表面保護層上等に設けることができる。
(プライマー層)
プライマー層は、主に各層の密着性の向上を図るために設けられる層である。
(合成樹脂製バッカー層)
本発明の化粧シートは、化粧シートの最下層、すなわち化粧シートの第一オレフィン樹脂層側に合成樹脂製バッカー層を備えていてもよい。合成樹脂製バッカー層を備えることにより、化粧材の耐衝撃性がより一層向上する。
(凹部)
本発明の化粧シートは、表面保護層側に凹部(例えば、エンボス加工凹部)を有してもよい。凹部を有することで、化粧シートの質感(触感)の向上に伴う高級感が得られ、意匠性が向上する。
(化粧シートの製造方法)
本発明の化粧シートの製造方法について、本発明の化粧シートとして好ましい態様の一つである、厚さ方向において、第一オレフィン樹脂層、装飾層、第二オレフィン樹脂層、及び表面保護層を順に有する化粧シートを例にとって、その製造方法の一例を説明する。
本発明の化粧板は、厚さ方向において順に、化粧板基材と、前述の本発明の化粧シートとを備える積層体から構成される。
<評価方法>
(1)インデンテーション硬さ(HIT)
明細書本文に記載の方法により、表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1、第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2及び第一オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 3を測定した。
(2)耐擦傷性試験(コインスクラッチ試験)
実施例及び比較例で作製した化粧シートを、厚みが2.5mmの中密度繊維板(MDF;化粧板基材)上に水溶性エマルション系接着剤を介して接着することにより化粧板を作製した。なお、水溶性エマルション系接着剤は、以下のものを用いた。
・水溶性エマルション系接着剤
主剤:「BA-10L」ジャパンコーティングレジン株式会社製、変性エチレン・酢酸ビニル系
硬化剤:「BA-11B」ジャパンコーティングレジン株式会社製、イソシアネート系
配合比 主剤:硬化剤=100:2.5(質量比)
その化粧板を用いて、コインスクラッチ試験により耐擦傷性を評価した。具体的には、45°に傾けた10円硬貨2枚を試験片化粧シート表面(表面保護層側)に接触させ、荷重(4kg荷重、6kg荷重及び7kg荷重)を加えながら水平方向に引き摺った際の傷付き状態を評価した。評価基準は、以下の通りであり、いずれもB評価以上(つまり、A又はB)が合格である。
<判定基準>
A:7kg荷重において傷が認められない
B:7kg荷重では傷が認められるが、6kg荷重において傷が認められない
C:4kg荷重では傷が認められないが、6kg荷重で傷が認められる
(3)曲げ加工性
実施例及び比較例で作製した化粧シートの曲げ加工性を評価した。具体的には、直径3mmの金属棒に化粧シートの第一オレフィン層が接するように巻きつけた際に、表面保護層の亀裂の有無を評価した。評価基準は、以下の通りである。
<判定基準>
A:亀裂が視認できない
B:注意深く観察すれば微小な亀裂がわずかに視認されるが、性能上問題ない範囲
C:亀裂が明確に視認できる
(4)耐衝撃性(デュポン衝撃試験)
実施例及び比較例で作製した化粧板の耐衝撃性を、デュポン衝撃試験機(JIS K5600-5-3に準拠)を用いて評価した。具体的には、100mmの高さから規定重量の錘を化粧板の化粧シート表面に落下させて化粧シートに割れが生ずるか否かを評価した。評価基準は、以下の通りである。
A:割れが視認できない
B:注意深く観察すれば微小な割れが視認できる
C:割れが明確に視認できる
(5)デュポン衝撃試験後の耐汚染性
実施例及び比較例で作製した化粧シートについて、下記の方法で耐汚染性を評価した。
(4)の試験実施部分に油性黒マジック(寺西化学工業(株)製)を塗布し、直後に溶剤(エタノール)で拭取った後の黒マジックの残存具合を目視により評価した。評価基準は、以下の通りである。
A:汚染残りが視認できない
B:注意深く観察すれば微小な汚染残りが視認できる
C:明確に汚染が視認できる
実施例1
第一オレフィン樹脂層3、第二オレフィン樹脂層2、及び表面保護層1がこの順に積層されてなる化粧シート10を作製した。
<第二オレフィン樹脂層2の作製方法>
アイソタクチックペンタッド分率が97.8%、MFRが15g/10min(230℃)、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が2.3の高結晶性ホモポリプロピレン樹脂に、造核剤である2,2’-メチレンビス(4,6-ジ第三ブチルフェニル)ホスホン酸ナトリウム1000ppmを添加したものを溶融押出機で押出すことにより、厚さ80μmの微結晶化ホモポリプロピレンからなるポリプロピレンシートを製膜した。
<表面保護層塗工液A>
・2官能ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー 80質量部
(ポリオール成分がポリエステルジオール、ガラス転移点:25℃、分子量1500)
・6官能脂肪族ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー 20質量部
(ガラス転移点:200℃以上、分子量1500、共栄社化学株式会社製UA306H)
・無機微粒子 14質量部
(平均粒子径10μmのシリカ微粒子)
実施例2
表面保護層塗工液Aの6官能脂肪族ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーの配合量を100質量部に変更し、2官能ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーを配合しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2の化粧シートを作製した。
表面保護層塗工液Aの2官能ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーの配合量を20質量部、6官能脂肪族ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーの配合量を80質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の化粧シートを作製した。
実施例1の第二オレフィン樹脂層2として、造核剤の添加量を2000ppmとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例4の化粧シートを作製した。
表面保護層塗工液Aの2官能ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーの配合量を20質量部、6官能脂肪族ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマーの配合量を80質量部に変更し、更に造核剤の添加量を2000ppmとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例5の化粧シートを作製した。
実施例1の第二オレフィン樹脂層2として、造核剤である2,2’-メチレンビス(4,6-ジ第三ブチルフェニル)ホスホン酸ナトリウム1000ppmを添加せずに溶融押出機で押出したポリプロピレンシートを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の化粧シートを作製した。
実施例3の第二オレフィン樹脂層2として、造核剤である2,2’-メチレンビス(4,6-ジ第三ブチルフェニル)ホスホン酸ナトリウム1000ppmを添加せずに溶融押出機で押出したポリプロピレンシートを用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして、比較例2の化粧シートを作製した。
2 第二オレフィン樹脂層
3 第一オレフィン樹脂層
4 凹部(エンボス加工凹部)
10 化粧シート
11 化粧板基材
12 化粧板
20 測定試料
21 バーコビッチ圧子
22 荷重をかける方向
Claims (1)
- 第一オレフィン樹脂層、第二オレフィン樹脂層、及び表面保護層をこの順に有する化粧シートにおいて、
前記第二オレフィン樹脂層を形成するオレフィン樹脂がホモポリプロピレンであり、且つ厚みが30~120μmであり、
前記表面保護層を形成する樹脂がウレタン(メタ)アクリレートオリゴマーの硬化物であり、且つ厚みが10~30μmであり、
前記第二オレフィン樹脂層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 2と前記表面保護層のインデンテーション硬さHIT 1とが下記式(2);
HIT 1 > HIT 2 (2)
を満たすことを特徴とする化粧シート。
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JP7326862B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-17 | 2023-08-16 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 着色シート、化粧シート及びその製造方法 |
JP7491165B2 (ja) | 2019-09-26 | 2024-05-28 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 化粧シート及び化粧材 |
WO2021066035A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 床用化粧材 |
JP2021084407A (ja) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-06-03 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 化粧シート及び化粧シートの製造方法 |
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