JP6800879B2 - シロキサン溶媒を含む有機機能性材料の調合物 - Google Patents
シロキサン溶媒を含む有機機能性材料の調合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6800879B2 JP6800879B2 JP2017551088A JP2017551088A JP6800879B2 JP 6800879 B2 JP6800879 B2 JP 6800879B2 JP 2017551088 A JP2017551088 A JP 2017551088A JP 2017551088 A JP2017551088 A JP 2017551088A JP 6800879 B2 JP6800879 B2 JP 6800879B2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/045—Polysiloxanes containing less than 25 silicon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/50—Sympathetic, colour changing or similar inks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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Description
有機発光素子(OLED)は、長い間、真空気相堆積プロセスにより製造されてきた。インクジェット印刷等の他の技術が、費用節約とスケールアップの可能性等の利点の故に、最近徹底的に研究されてきた。多層印刷における主な挑戦の一つは、基板上へのインクの均一な堆積を得るための関連するパラメータを同定することである。表面張力、粘度または沸点等のこれらのパラメータをトリガーするために、いくつかの添加剤を調合物に添加することができる。例として、極めて少量の(環状)シロキサン(溶媒に対する添加剤比:0.0001〜0.5%m/v、WO 03/019693)が、種々の表面の湿潤と平坦化を顕著に効果的に促進する。それらは、また、インクジェット印刷のための無機半導体のための溶媒として使用することができる(WO 200946148)。
多くの溶媒が、インクジェット印刷のための有機電子素子において提案されてきた。しかしながら、堆積と乾燥プロセスの間で役割を果たす多くの重要なパラメータが、溶媒の選択を極めて挑戦的なものにしている。このように、インクジェット印刷による堆積のたに使用される有機半導体を含む調合物は、未だ改善される必要がある。本発明の一つの目的は、制御された堆積が、良好な層特性と効率性能を有する有機半導体層を形成することを可能とする有機半導体の調合物を提供することである。本発明のさらなる目的は、インクジェット印刷法に使用される時の基板上へのインク液滴の均一な適用を可能とし、それにより良好な層特性と効率性能を付与する有機半導体の調合物を提供することである。発光のより高度な均質性をもたらす基板とその下の層上のインクの湿潤特性を改善することも本発明のさらなる目的である。
本発明の上記目的は、有機機能性材料と、少なくとも第一と第二の溶媒の混合物とを含む調合物であって、第一の溶媒がシロキサン、好ましくは、シクロシロキサンである調合物を提供することにより解決される。
本発明者は、第一の溶媒としてのシロキサンの添加が、表面張力の完全な制御を可能とし、効率的なインクの堆積をもたらし、良好な層特性と性能を有する機能性材料の均質でよく制御された有機層を生成することを驚くべきことに見出した。
本発明は、少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料と、少なくとも第一と第二の溶媒とを含む調合物であって、第一の溶媒がシロキサンである調合物に関する。
第1の好ましい態様では、第一の溶媒は、シクロシロキサンである。シクロシロキサンは、好ましくは、一般式(I)によるシクロシロキサンである。
R1およびR2は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、CN、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-NR5-、-CONR5-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であって;ここで、複数の置換基R5は、同じ環上もしくは2種の異なる環上の何れかで、順に一緒になって、モノ-あるいはポリ環式の脂肪族もしくは芳香族環構造を形成してよく;
R5は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であり;およびnは、3〜9の範囲、好ましくは、4、5、6または7、より好ましくは、5または6である。
R1、R2、R3およびR4は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、CN、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-NR5-、-CONR5-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であって;ここで、複数の置換基R5は、同じ環上もしくは2種の異なる環上の何れかで、順に一緒になって、モノ-あるいはポリ環式の脂肪族もしくは芳香族環構造を形成してよく;
R5は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であり;およびnは、3〜9の範囲、好ましくは、4、5、6または7、より好ましくは、5または6である。
HOMO(eV)=((HEh*27.212)−0.9899)/1.1206
LUMO(eV)=((LEh*27.212)−2.0041)/1.385
本出願の目的のために、これらの値は、材料夫々のHOMOおよびLUMOエネルギー準位とみなすべきである。
発光することのできる化合物は、とりわけ、蛍光エミッターと燐光エミッターである。これらは、特に、スチルベン、スチルベンアミン、スチリルアミン、クマリン、ルブレン、ローダミン、チアゾール、チアジアゾール、シアニン、チオフェン、パラフェニレン、ペリレン、フタロシアニン、ポルフィリン、ケトン、キノリン、イミン、アントラセンおよび/またはピレン構造を含む化合物を包含する。特に好ましいのは、室温でさえも、高効率で三重項状態から発光することのできる、すなわち、電場蛍光発光に代えて、エネルギー効率の増加を引き起こすことが多い電場燐光発光を示す化合物である。この目的のために適するのは、まず、36より大な原子番号を有する重い原子を含む化合物である。好ましい化合物は、上記条件を満足するd−もしくはf−遷移金属を含むものである。ここで、特に好ましいものは、8乃至10属からの元素を(Ru、Os、Rh、Ir、Pd、Pt)含む対応する化合物である。適切な機能性化合物は、ここで、たとえば、上記のとおりの種々の錯体であり、たとえば、WO 02/068435 A1、WO 02/081488 A1、EP 1239526 A2およびWO 2004/026886 A2に記載されている。
群1:正孔注入および/または正孔輸送特性を生成することができる構造要素;
群2:電子注入および/または電子輸送特性を生成することができる構造要素;
群3:群1および群2に関連して記載される特性を組み合わせた構造要素;
群4:発光特性、特に、燐光基を有する構造要素;
群5:いわゆる一重項状態から三重項状態への遷移を改善する構造要素;
群6:得られたポリマーのモルホロジーまた発光色に作用する構造要素;
群7:典型的には骨組として使用される構造要素。
Ar1は、各場合に、相異なる反復単位に対して、同一であるか異なり、単結合または随意に置換されてよいモノ環式あるいはポリ環式のアリール基であり;
Ar2は、各場合に、相異なる反復単位に対して、同一であるか異なり、随意に置換されてよいモノ環式あるいはポリ環式のアリール基であり;
Ar3は、各場合に、相異なる反復単位に対して、同一であるか異なり、随意に置換されてよいモノ環式あるいはポリ環式のアリール基であり;
mは、1,2または3である。
Raは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、置換もしくは非置換芳香族もしくは複素環式芳香族基、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アラルキル、アリールオキシ、アリールチオ、アルコキシカルボニル、シリルもしくはカルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基またはヒドロキシ基であり;
rは、0、1、2、3または4であり、および
sは、0、1、2、3、4または5である。
T1およびT2は、チオフェン、セレノフェン、チエノ[2,3-b]チオフェン、チエノ[3,2-b]チオフェン、ジチエノチオフェン、ピロールおよびアニリンから選択され、ここで、これらの基は1以上の基Rbにより置換されてよく;
Rbは、ハロゲン、-CN、-NC、-NCO、-NCS、-OCN、-SCN、-C(=O)NR0R00、-C(=O)X、-C(=O)R0、NH2、-NR0R00、-SH、-SR0、-SO3H、-SO2R0、-OH、-NO2、-CF3、-SF3、随意に置換されてよく、1以上のヘテロ原子を随意に含んでよい1〜40個の炭素原子を有する随意に置換されたシリル、カルビルもしくはヒドロカルビル基から出現毎に独立して選ばれ;
R0およびR00は、夫々独立して、H、随意に置換されてよく、1以上のヘテロ原子を随意に含んでよい1〜40個の炭素原子を有する随意に置換されたカルビルもしくはヒドロカルビル基である。
cおよびeは、互いに独立して、0、1、2、3または4であり、ここで、1<c+e≦6であり;
dおよびfは、互いに独立して、0、1、2、3または4である。
A、BおよびB'は、夫々、相異なる反復単位に対して、同一であるか異なり、-CRcRd-、-NRc-、-PRc-、-O-、-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-CO-、-CS-、-CSe-、-P(=O)Rc-、-P(=S)Rc-および-SiRcRd-から好ましくは選ばれる2価基であり;
RcおよびRdは、出現毎に同一であるか異なり、H、ハロゲン、-CN、-NC、-NCO、-NCS、-OCN、-SCN、-C(=O)NR0R00、-C(=O)X、-C(=O)R0、NH2、-NR0R00、-SH、-SR0、-SO3H、-SO2R0、-OH、-NO2、-CF3、-SF3、随意に置換されてよく、1以上のヘテロ原子を含んでよい1〜40個の炭素原子を有する随意に置換されたシリル、カルビルもしくはヒドロカビル基であり;ここで、基RcおよびRdは、それらが結合するフルオレン基と共にスピロ基を随意に形成してよく;
Xは、ハロゲンであり;
R0およびR00は、夫々、独立して、H、随意に置換されてよく、1以上のヘテロ原子を含んでよい1〜40個の炭素原子を有する随意に置換されたカルビルもしくはヒドロカビル基であり;
gは、各場合に、独立して、0または1であり、hは、各場合に、独立して、0または1であり、ここで、副単位中のgとhの合計は、好ましくは、1であり;
mは、1以上の整数であり;
Ar1およびAr2は、互いに独立して、随意に置換されてよく、インデノフルオレン基の7,8-位もしくは8,9-位で随意に結合してよいモノ環式あるいはポリ環式のアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であり;
aおよびbは、互いに独立して、0または1である。
Lは、H、ハロゲンまたは随意にフッ素化された1〜12個のC原子を有する直鎖もしくは分岐アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基であり、好ましくは、H、F、メチル、i-プロピル、t-ブチル、n-ペントキシまたはトリフルオロメチルであり、および、
L'は、は随意にフッ素化された1〜12個のC原子を有する直鎖もしくは分岐アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基であり、好ましくは、n-オクチルまたはn-オクチルオキシである。
1.本発明による調合物を使用して得ることができる電子素子は、通常の方法を使用して得られる電子と比べて、極めて高い安定性と極めて長い寿命を有する。
2.本発明による調合物は、通常の方法を使用して加工することができ、それにより、費用優位性を実現することもできる。
3.本発明による調合物を用いる有機機能性材料は、如何なる特別な制約を受けることなく、本発明のプロセスを包括的に用いることを可能とする。
4.本発明の調合物を使用して得ることができる被覆は、特に、被覆の均一性に関して、優れた品質を示す。
2つの素子を、図1に示している素子構造を使用して製造した。正孔注入層(HIL)は例1および例2である。HILのための溶媒は、97:3の容量比を有する3-フェノキシトルエンとデカメチルシクロペンタシロキサンとの混合物(例1)と、97:3の容量比を有する3-フェノキシトルエンとドデカメチルシクロヘキサシロキサンとの混合物(例2)である。表2は、正孔注入層の材料として、これらの例で使用するインクの濃度、粘度、表面張力を要約している。
事前に構造化されたITOとバンクマテリアルとで被覆したガラス基板を、脱イオン水で超音波処理を用いて洗浄し、次いでエアガンを使用して乾燥させ、その後、5分間、180℃で、ホットプレート上でアニールした。次いで、プラズマ処理(最初の5秒間をO2プラズマ、続いて80秒間のCF4プラズマ)を実施した。正孔注入層(HIL)を基板にインクジェット印刷し、真空で乾燥させた。次いでHILを30分間、180℃でアニールした。HILの上部に、正孔輸送層(HTL)をインクジェット印刷し、真空で乾燥させ、30分間、230℃でアニールした。緑色の発光層(G−EML)もインクジェット印刷し、真空で乾燥させ、10分間、160℃でアニールした。すべてのインクジェット印刷プロセスを黄色光下、空気中で、周囲条件下で行った。HILアニールプロセスを空気中で行い、HTLとG−EMLを窒素雰囲気でアニールした。次いで素子を、真空堆積室へ移した。青色発光層(B−EML)、電子輸送層(ETL)、カソード(Al)の堆積を熱蒸発を用いて行った。次いで、素子をグローブボックスに封入し、周囲空気で物理的特性決定を実施した。素子を、Keithley 230電源により与えられた定電圧で駆動する。LEP素子にわたる電圧と、LEP素子を通る電流とは、2つのKeithley 199 DMMマルチメーターで測定される。素子の輝度は、SPL-025Y輝度センサ、およびフォトダイオードと光子フィルターとの組合せにより検出される。光電流は、Keithley 617電位計で測定される。スペクトルについては、輝度センサを、スペクトル計入力に接続されるガラス繊維に置き代える。素子の寿命を初期輝度を有する所定の電流下で測定する。次いで、輝度を、較正されたフォトダイオードにより、時間にわたり測定する。
例1と例2では、1000cd/m2における輝度効率は、それぞれ、48.7と49.2cd/Aである。例1と例2では、1000cd/m2における外部量子効率(EQE)は、それぞれ、13.8と13.8%である。例1と例2では、1000cd/m2におけるパワー効率は、それぞれ、23.4と23.2Im/Wである。測定値を表4に要約する。
製造プロセスの説明
すべての以下の例を、図2に示されている素子構造を用いて製造した。すべての例の正孔注入層(HIL)と正孔輸送層(HTL)を、所望の厚さを実現するためインクジェット印刷プロセスにより調製した。緑色発光層では、参照例と、例3および4で使用する個々の溶媒を、前述の表3に列挙し、この表はこれらの例で使用する溶媒の沸点、粘度、表面張力を示している。EMLインク調合物の特定の物理的化学的特性決定特性を次に述べる:EML1’の表面張力は室温下で測定され、17.9mN/mを得て、EML2’の表面張力は18.3mN/mであった。さらに、両調合物の粘度は前述の粘度測定セットアップを用いて特性決定された。標準温度下で、ニュートン流体の特性曲線を証明することができた。EML1は、秒当り489.5のせん断速下で、3.86mPasを生じ、他方でEML2は、秒当り400のせん断速下で、溶媒2よりも29.824%低い粘度を生じた。EMLインクの濃度を、以下の表5に示す。
素子を、Keithley 230電源により与えられた定電圧で駆動する。素子にわたる電圧と、素子を通る電流とは2つのKeithley 199 DMMマルチメーターで測定される。素子の輝度は、SPL-025Y輝度センサ、およびフォトダイオードと光子フィルターとの組合せにより検出される。光電流は、Keithley 617電位計で測定される。スペクトルについては、輝度センサを、スペクトル計入力に接続されるガラス繊維に置き代える。素子の寿命を初期輝度を有する所定の電流下で測定する。次いで、輝度を、較正されたフォトダイオードにより、時間にわたり測定する。
Claims (17)
- 少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料と、少なくとも第一と第二の溶媒とを含む調合物であって、第一の溶媒が一般式(I)によるシクロシロキサンであることを特徴とする、調合物:
R1およびR2は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、H、D、F、Cl、Br、I、NO2、CN、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-NR5-、-CONR5-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であって;ここで、複数の置換基R5は、同じ環上もしくは2種の異なる環上の何れかで、順に一緒になって、モノ-あるいはポリ環式の脂肪族もしくは芳香族環構造を形成してよく;
R5は、出現毎に、同一であるか異なり、1〜20個の炭素原子を有する直鎖アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基、3〜20個の炭素原子を有する分岐あるいは環式アルキルもしくはアルコキシ基(ここで、1以上の隣接しないCH2基は、-O-、-S-、-CO-O-、-C=O-、-CH=CH-もしくはC≡Cで置き代えられてよく、また、1以上の水素原子は、Fで置き代えられてよい。)または1以上の非芳香族R5基で置換されてよい4〜14個の炭素原子を有するアリールもしくはヘテロアリール基であり;および
nは、6〜9の範囲である。 - 第一の溶媒の含有量が、調合物中の溶媒の合計量を基礎として、1〜50体積%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の調合物。
- 第二の溶媒の含有量が、調合物中の溶媒の合計量を基礎として、50〜99体積%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の調合物。
- 第一の溶媒が、100〜400℃の範囲の沸点を有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の調合物。
- 第二の溶媒が、100〜400℃の範囲の沸点を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜4何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料が、第二の溶媒中で1〜250g/lの範囲の溶解度を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 調合物が、1〜70mN/mの範囲の表面張力を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜6何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 調合物が、1〜50mPasの範囲の粘度を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 調合物中の少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料の含有量が、調合物中の溶媒の合計量を基礎として、0.001〜20重量%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料が、有機伝導体、有機半導体、有機蛍光化合物、有機燐光化合物、有機光吸収化合物、有機光感受性化合物、有機光増感剤および遷移金属、希土類、ランタニドとアクチニドの有機金属錯体等の他の有機光活性化合物より成る群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9何れか1項記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料が、蛍光エミッター、燐光エミッター、ホスト材料、マトリックス材料、励起子ブロック材料、電子輸送材料、電子注入材料、正孔伝導材料、正孔注入材料、n−ドーパント、p−ドーパント、ワイドバンドギャップ材料、電子ブロック材料および正孔ブロック材料より成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項10記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料が、正孔注入、正孔輸送、発光、電子輸送および電子注入材料より成る群から選ばれる有機半導体であることを特徴とする、請求項10記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも一つの有機半導体が、正孔注入および正孔輸送材料より成る群から選ばれることを特徴とする、請求項12記載の調合物。
- 正孔注入および正孔輸送材料が、ポリマー化合物またはポリマー化合物と非ポリマー化合物のブレンドであることを特徴とする、請求項13記載の調合物。
- 少なくとも第一および第二の溶媒と少なくとも一つの有機機能性材料が混合される、請求項1〜14何れか1項記載の調合物の製造方法。
- エレクトロルミッセンス素子の少なくとも一つの層は、請求項1〜14何れか1項記載の調合物が、基板上に堆積され、引き続き乾燥され、調製されることを特徴とする、エレクトロルミッセンス素子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜14何れか1項記載の調合物は、基板上に堆積され、引き続き乾燥され、調製される少なくとも層を含むことを特徴とするエレクトロルミッセンス素子。
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-
2016
- 2016-03-04 WO PCT/EP2016/000392 patent/WO2016155866A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-03-04 JP JP2017551088A patent/JP6800879B2/ja active Active
- 2016-03-04 KR KR1020177030938A patent/KR102570137B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-03-04 EP EP16709271.7A patent/EP3278377B1/en active Active
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- 2016-03-04 US US15/563,160 patent/US10651382B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20180090683A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
WO2016155866A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
JP2018519616A (ja) | 2018-07-19 |
EP3278377B1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
TW201708319A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
KR102570137B1 (ko) | 2023-08-23 |
CN107431139B (zh) | 2020-12-01 |
CN107431139A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
KR20170134523A (ko) | 2017-12-06 |
US10651382B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
TWI735435B (zh) | 2021-08-11 |
EP3278377A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
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