JP6691097B2 - 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 - Google Patents
所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6691097B2 JP6691097B2 JP2017240455A JP2017240455A JP6691097B2 JP 6691097 B2 JP6691097 B2 JP 6691097B2 JP 2017240455 A JP2017240455 A JP 2017240455A JP 2017240455 A JP2017240455 A JP 2017240455A JP 6691097 B2 JP6691097 B2 JP 6691097B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- loop
- circuit
- sensing
- resonant
- detection circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 200
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 130
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 57
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 169
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 169
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 168
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 162
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 87
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 53
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 42
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037147 athletic performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002902 ferrimagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012804 iterative process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012567 pattern recognition method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003094 perturbing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/37—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles using optical position determination, e.g. using cameras
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/725—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables by using magneto-acoustical effects or the Barkhausen effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
-
- H04B5/73—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/12—Bikes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/22—Microcars, e.g. golf cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
- B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
- B60L2270/32—Preventing theft during charging of electricity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
- B60L2270/34—Preventing theft during charging of parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
-
- H04B5/79—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
Description
EMF 電磁場
FOD 外来オブジェクト検出
HF 高周波数
IF 中間周波数
LF 低周波数
LMS 最小平均2乗
MTBF 平均故障間隔
MUX マルチプレクサ
NCO 数値制御発振器
PCB プリント回路板
PSTN 公衆交換電話網
PWB プリント配線板
SNR 信号対雑音比
・オブジェクトが可燃材料を含んでいる場合、またはオブジェクトがそのような材料、たとえば薄い金属化箔を含むシガレットパッケージと直接接触している場合に、自己発火、
・そのような熱いオブジェクト、たとえばコインまたは鍵を取る人の手が焼けること、または
・一次構造または二次構造のプラスチック筐体、たとえばプラスチックに溶け込んだオブジェクトの損傷。
いくつかの実施形態のいくつかの態様によれば、誘導感知または磁場感知はたとえば以下のようないくつかの利点をもたらすことができる。
・誘導感知は導電性の良い(金属)オブジェクトに対してかなり選択的であり得る。
・他の非金属(誘電性)オブジェクトによる障害が予想されない。
・パフォーマンスを少し劣化させてセンサを環境の影響(汚染、機械的影響)から保護するために、エネルギー伝達パッドのプラスチック筐体に誘導感知回路が組み込まれ得る。
・たいていの場合、基地パッドの表面にオブジェクトが置かれていることがあるので、充電基地に誘導感知回路が組み込まれ得る。これにより、車載機器のコスト削減が可能になり得る。
上述のように、大きいループは、保護されるエリアよりもはるかに小さいことがあるコイン、鍵または飲料用缶の蓋を検出するために必要な十分に高い感度をもたらさないことがある。様々な実施形態によれば、小さいオブジェクトを検出するために、様々な実施形態による複数のより小さいループが使用され得る。
図11A、図11Bおよび図11Cは、例示的な実施形態による、オブジェクトを検出するように構成された感知ループのための様々な例示的な構成の図である。たとえば図11Aに示されているような図示の重複ループ1122aおよび1122bのアレイ1122を使用することで、誘導センサシステムの本質的感度が改善し得る。この構成では、ループ1122aおよび1122bはアレイのラスタサイズよりも多少大きい。図11Aに示すようにループを重ねることで、最良ケースの感度(ループの中心にあるコイン)を犠牲にして最悪ケースの感度が改善する。重複は、感知ループアレイ1122における感度の小波を低減する。プリント回路板を使用する実施形態の場合、行および列の重複は、たとえば、少なくとも4つの銅層を使用し得る。
図12は、例示的な実施形態による、磁場感知に基づいてオブジェクトを検出するように構成された例示的な回路1200の機能ブロック図である。本セクションでは、磁気構造、たとえば所定のエリアにある充電パッド926によって生成された磁場(束密度)を感知することに基づく金属オブジェクト検出器のパフォーマンスを向上させるための実施形態について説明する。充電パッド926は、図1〜図3を参照して上述した充電システムに対応し得る。回路1200は、いくつかの感知ループ1222a、1222b、1222c、および1222d(本明細書では以下まとめて感知ループ1222と呼ぶ)を含むことができる。感知ループ1222は、金属オブジェクトが検出され得る保護されるエリアをカバーする密に詰まったループのアレイの一部を形成することができる。上述のように、オブジェクト924の検出は、感知ループ1222に誘起された電圧を測定することによって達成され得る。回路1200は、マルチプレクサ1228を介して感知ループ1222の各々に選択的に結合する検出回路1230を含む。検出回路1230は、感知ループ1222の各々の磁場強度を測定するように構成された磁場測定ユニット1234を含む。比較器1236および判定器1238を含む評価ユニット1232に、感知ループの測定値Bkが提供される。比較器は、磁場測定値Bkを受信し、値Bkを磁場参照値Bref,kと比較する。磁場参照値は、検出されたオブジェクトがまったくない場合の感知ループ1222aの磁場の期待値に対応し得る。比較器1236の出力に基づいて、判定器1238はオブジェクトが存在するかどうかを判断するように構成される。たとえば、判定器1238は、測定値Bkと参照値との間の差がしきい値よりも大きいと判断し、応答してオブジェクトが検出されたことを示す信号を出力することがある。判定器1238はさらに、増大する結果に影響を与え得る既知の動作特性に基づいて、比較器の出力を補償することができる。
定義:
Bref(xi,yj):たとえば、外来オブジェクト検出システムに記憶され、工場の生産で所定の状況において較正によって取得される束密度参照値(x方向およびy方向に広がる参照場パターン)
γ(xi,yi;a1,a2,...,aL):実際の場パターンにおける歪み効果を補償する複数のパラメータを有する補正関数。最も単純な場合、この関数は、z−オフセットならびにx−傾きおよびy−傾きがパラメータa1,a2,a3によって変更され得る平面であり得る。
・少なくとも1つの束密度差分値が所定のしきい値を上回った場合の仮説「オブジェクトあり」。
・仮説:それ以外の場合、「オブジェクトなし」。
ここで、ループインピーダンスベースの金属オブジェクト検出器のパフォーマンスを改善し、かつ/または配線および回路の複雑性を低減するいくつかの方法および実施形態についてさらに説明する。これらは特に、
・共振ループのアレイを使用し、それらの共振周波数を測定して金属オブジェクトを感知する。
・たとえば、誘導結合または容量結合のいずれかを使用する弱結合共振ループを使用する。
・信号伝搬媒体としての働きをする結合共振器フィルタを形成する誘導結合共振ループまたは容量結合共振ループの標準的構造を使用する。
図13は、例示的な実施形態による、感知ループインピーダンス測定に基づいてオブジェクトを検出するように構成された例示的な回路1300の機能ブロック図である。回路1300は、いくつかの感知ループ1322a、1322b、1322c、および1322d(本明細書では以下まとめて感知ループ1322と呼ぶ)を含むことができる。感知ループ1322は、金属オブジェクトが検出され得る保護されるエリアをカバーする密に詰まったワイヤループのアレイの一部を形成することができる。回路1300は、マルチプレクサ1328を介して感知ループ1322の各々に選択的に結合する検出回路1330を含む。検出回路1330は、インピーダンス測定ユニット1334を含む。マルチプレクサポートにおけるインピーダンスZkは、インピーダンス測定ユニット1334を介して連続的および周期的にマルチプレクサ1328によって選択されたループ1322ごとに測定される。比較器1336および判定器1338を含む評価ユニット1332に、感知ループの測定値Z^kが提供される。比較器1336によって示されるように、k=1...Nにおいてインピーダンス測定値Z^kからインピーダンス参照値Zref,kを差し引くことによって生じる差分インピーダンスに基づいてオブジェクト924が検出される。判定器ユニット1338は、比較器1336から入力を受信し、オブジェクトが検出されているかどうかを判断する。たとえば、測定値と参照値との間の差がしきい値を上回り、たとえば最小平均2乗方法に関して上述した機能のいずれかを組み込む場合。
・共振周波数の測定は、インピーダンスまたはインダクタンスの測定よりも単純および正確であり得る。検出回路1430または1530は、構成要素がより少なく、いくつかの態様では、発振器および測定された電圧と電流との間の位相、たとえば位相関数のゼロ交差を検出する位相比較器を使用することに限定されることがある。
・パッドの表面に存在するときにワイヤレス電力伝達に使用される強い交番磁場によって誘起された電圧およびその高調波雑音を抑制するためにキャパシタがすでに提供されていることもある。したがって、キャパシタの追加がさらなる複雑性をもたらすことはない。共振は、ループ1522aが金属オブジェクトによって離調されている場合に、やはり相応に動く感知信号事前調整(雑音低減)フィルタとしての働きをすることができる。
・キャパシタの温度の変動または経年変化は、すべての共振周波数に共通の影響を与えることがあり、そのため、評価ユニットで容易に推定し訂正することができる(以下のセクション参照)。
共振周波数測定に基づく検出について記述した図14〜図16に関して上述した実施形態は、感知ループ1522aのQ係数を追加的に測定することによってさらに改良され得る。直列同調ループの場合、共振周波数およびQ係数は、
p=−σz±jωz
と表され得るインピーダンス関数Z(f)の複素数「ゼロ」を表し、ここでσpおよびωpは、それぞれ減衰係数および共振周波数を示す。
上記のように、いくつかの態様では、感知ループリードおよびアナログマルチプレクサは、ループインピーダンス方法の本質的感度に悪影響を及ぼし得る。これは、小さいループ、たとえば30×30mmの3〜5回巻き、およびリードの長さがたとえば0.5mを超えるものに特に当てはまり得る。ループは、本質的感度の点で好ましくないことがあるワイヤレス電力伝達に使用される強い磁場にさらされたときの著しい渦電流損を回避するために、非常に薄い銅線/トレースから作られ得ることに留意されたい。
1.十分に大きい周波数範囲で複素インピーダンス関数Zk(f)を測定する。
2.複素インピーダンス関数を解析することによって、結合ループ/リードインピーダンスを推定する。
3.推定された結合ループ/リードインピーダンス関数Z^c,k(f)を測定されたインピーダンス関数Zk(f)から差し引く。
4.得られた差分インピーダンス関数ΔZk(f)=Zk(f)−Z^c,k(f)において感知ループ1922の共振を識別する。
5.位相関数の対応するゼロ交差arg{ΔZk(f)}またはインピーダンス関数の虚部Im{ΔZk(f)}の周波数を測定し、かつ/またはループの共振で生成された差分インピーダンス関数の実部Re{ΔZk(f)}の極大値の周波数を測定する。
p=−σp±jωp
の実部として定義されたQ係数または減衰係数が、弱結合手法に基づく金属オブジェクト検出を向上させるために追加的に測定され得る。
1.十分に大きい周波数範囲で複素インピーダンス関数Zk(f)を測定する。
2.複素インピーダンス関数を解析することによって、結合ループ/リードインピーダンスを推定する。
3.インピーダンス関数Z^c,k(f)を測定されたインピーダンス関数Zk(f)から差し引く。インピーダンス関数Z^c,k(f)は、推定された結合ループ/リードインピーダンス関数および以下のステップを最適に実行するために必要な他の補正関数を含み得る。
4.得られた差分インピーダンス関数ΔZk(f)=Zk(f)−Z^c,k(f)において各感知ループの共振を識別する。
5.位相関数の対応するゼロ交差arg{ΔZk(f)}またはインピーダンス関数の虚部Im{ΔZk,n(f)}のすべての周波数を測定し、かつ/またはループの共振で生成された差分インピーダンス関数の実部Re{ΔZk(f)}の極大値のすべての周波数を測定する。
pk,i=−σp,k,i±jωp,k,iまたはzk,i=−σz,k,i±jωz,k,i
の実部として定義されるQ係数または減衰係数はそれぞれ、複数結合共振ループ手法に基づく金属オブジェクト検出を向上させるために共振ωk,iごとに追加的に測定され得る。
結合共振ループの標準的構造を使用して伝搬媒体(伝送回線)を形成することが、金属オブジェクト検出の別の手法であり得る。図29は、例示的な実施形態による、オブジェクトを検出するための例示的な誘導結合共振フィルタ2900の機能ブロック図である。図29は、誘導結合ワイヤループ2922aおよび2922bを使用する実施形態を示している。回路2900はまた、誘導結合入力/出力端子2926を有する高次フィルタと考えられ得る。共振器はすべて、オブジェクトの最適な感度および検出可能性に必要な周波数と同じ周波数に、または若干異なる周波数に合わせられ得る。
上の概念図に示すように、磁場またはインピーダンスアナライザの出力は、検出回路の評価ユニット(たとえば、図22の評価ユニット2232)でさらに処理される必要があり得る。図22を参照すると、たとえば、参照/較正値を差し引いて判定を下す以外に、評価ユニット2232は、アナライザユニットによって提供された測定サンプルに対する変更を実行することができる。この変更は、後処理方法の一部であり得る。そのような変更および方法の一例が、磁場感知方法(最小平均2乗方法)の場合について上で提供されている。
実施形態はさらに、オブジェクト検出システムのトラブルシューティングおよび較正を行うことができる。
1.サービス担当者/トラブルシューティング担当者(公共インフラストラクチャの場合)、または私有システムのユーザ/所有者による充電パッドの目視検査を要求する
2.パッドに金属オブジェクトがないか確認する
3.システムに問い合わせて、欠陥のあるループセンサおよび仕様外のループの数に関するエラーステータス情報を取得する
4.欠陥のあるループの数が許容数を上回っていない場合、また欠陥のあるループが容認できないクラスタを形成していない場合には、FODシステムを較正し、それ以外の場合には、パッドの交換を開始する。
f1,2=fc±2fmでの2つの弱い応答として見えることがある。
102a 基地ワイヤレス充電システム
102b 基地ワイヤレス充電システム
104a 基地システム誘導コイル、誘導コイル、ワイヤレス電力誘導コイル
108 通信リンク
110 電力リンク
112 電気車両
114 電気車両ワイヤレス充電システム、電気車両充電システム
116 電気車両誘導コイル、誘導コイル、ワイヤレス電力誘導コイル
118 バッテリーユニット
126 ACまたはDC電源
130 ローカル分配センター、ローカル分配
132 電力バックボーン
134 通信バックホール
200 ワイヤレス電力伝達システム
202 基地ワイヤレス電力充電システム、基地ワイヤレス充電システム
204 基地システム誘導コイル、誘導コイル、コイル
206 基地システム送信回路
208 電源
214 電気車両充電システム
216 電気車両誘導コイル、誘導コイル、コイル
218 電気車両バッテリーユニット、バッテリーユニット
222 電気車両受信回路
236 基地充電システム電力変換器、電力変換器、充電電源ユニット
238 電気車両電力変換器、電力変換器
300 ワイヤレス電力伝達システム
302 基地ワイヤレス充電システム、基地ワイヤレス電力充電システム
304 基地システム誘導コイル、ワイヤレス電力誘導コイル
314 電気車両充電システム
316 電気車両誘導コイル、ワイヤレス電力誘導コイル
336 充電システム電力変換器、基地充電システム電力変換器
338 電気車両電力変換器
342 基地充電システムコントローラ
344 電気車両コントローラ
352 位置合わせシステム、基地充電位置合わせシステム
354 位置合わせシステム、基地充電システム電力インターフェース、電気車両位置合わせシステム
362 基地充電案内システム
364 電気車両案内システム
366 案内リンク
372 基地充電通信システム
374 電気車両通信システム
376 通信リンク
412 電気車両
422 電気車両バッテリーユニット
424 バッテリーコンパートメント
426 充電器/バッテリーコードレスインターフェース、ワイヤレス電力インターフェース
428 バッテリー/EVコードレスインターフェース
530d バッテリー空間
532a 導電性シールド
532b 導電性シールド
532d 導電性シールド
534b 保護筐体
534d 保護層
536a 完全なフェライト埋込み型誘導コイル、コイル
536b コイル
536c コイル
536d コイル
538a フェライト材料
538b フェライト材料
538d フェライト材料
542d 電気車両誘導コイルモジュール
822a 感知ループ
822b 感知ループ
822c 一次感知ループ構造、感知ループ、一次ループ、専用一次感知ループ、ループ
822d 二次感知ループ構造、感知ループ、二次ループ、ループ
824a オブジェクト、金属オブジェクト
824b オブジェクト、金属オブジェクト
824c オブジェクト
922 感知ループ、平面感知ループ、ループ、ワイヤループ
924 オブジェクト
926 ワイヤレス充電パッド、パッド、充電パッド、磁気パッド
928 プラスチック筐体
1022 感知ループ、方形ワイヤループ
1024 オブジェクト、コイン
1122 アレイ、感知ループアレイ、ループアレイ、ロープロファイルソレノイドコイル
1122a 重複ループ、ループ
1122b 重複ループ、ループ
1122c 二重ループ
1200 回路
1222 感知ループ
1222a 感知ループ
1222b 感知ループ
1222c 感知ループ
1222d 感知ループ
1228 マルチプレクサ
1230 検出回路
1232 評価ユニット
1234 磁場測定ユニット
1236 比較器
1238 判定器
1300 回路
1322 感知ループ、ループ
1322a 感知ループ
1322b 感知ループ
1322c 感知ループ
1322d 感知ループ
1328 マルチプレクサ
1330 検出回路
1332 評価ユニット
1334 インピーダンス測定ユニット
1336 比較器
1338 判定器、判定器ユニット
1400A 回路
1422A−a 感知ループ
1422A−b 感知ループ
1426A 結合回路
1430 検出回路
1430A 検出回路
1400B 回路
1422B−a 感知ループ
1422B−b 感知ループ
1426 結合回路
1426A 結合回路
1426B 結合回路
1430B 検出回路
1500 回路
1522 感知ループ、ループ
1522a 感知ループ、結合感知ループ、ループ
1522b 感知ループ
1522c 感知ループ
1522d 感知ループ
1528 マルチプレクサ
1530 検出回路
1532 評価ユニット
1534 共振周波数測定ユニット
1536 比較器
1538 判定器
1542 電流センサ
1544 電圧センサ
1546 発振器、高周波発振器
1548 位相比較器
1550 利得/フィルタ、追加信号
1600 回路
1622 ループ
1622a 感知ループ
1622b 感知ループ
1622c 感知ループ
1622d 感知ループ
1628 マルチプレクサ、アナログマルチプレクサ
1630 検出回路
1722a 共振感知ループ
1722b 共振感知ループ
1722c 感知ループ
1726 結合ループ
1726a 結合ループ
1726c 結合ループ
1800a 等価回路、回路
1800b 等価回路、回路
1822a 誘導結合共振感知ループ、感知ループ
1826a 結合ループ
1826b 結合ループ
1900 回路
1922 感知回路、共振感知回路、感知ループ
1926 結合回路
1930 検出回路
2000 回路
2022 感知回路
2026 結合ループ
2030 検出回路
2100 回路
2122 感知回路
2126 結合回路
2130 検出回路
2200 回路
2222 感知回路、感知ループ、ループ
2222a1 感知回路
2222aN 感知回路
2226a 結合ループ
2226b 結合ループ
2226c 結合ループ
2226d 結合ループ
2228 マルチプレクサ
2230 検出回路
2232 評価ユニット
2234 インピーダンスアナライザユニット
2300 回路
2322a 感知回路
2322b 感知回路
2326 結合回路
2330 検出回路
2400 回路
2422a 感知回路
2422b 感知回路
2426 結合ループ
2430 検出回路
2522a1 感知ループ
2522a2 感知ループ
2522b1 感知ループ
2522b2 感知ループ
2522c1 感知ループ、インダクタンス
2522c2 感知ループ
2522d1 複数のループ、感知ループ、直列同調された感知ループ、インダクタンス
2522d2 複数のループ、感知ループ
2522e1 感知ループ、並列同調された感知ループ、インダクタンス
2522e2 感知ループ
2522f1 感知ループ、インダクタンス
2522f2 感知ループ、インダクタンス
2525c1 キャパシタンス
2525d1 キャパシタ、共振キャパシタ、キャパシタンス
2525d2 キャパシタ、共振キャパシタ
2525e1 共振キャパシタ、キャパシタンス
2525e2 共振キャパシタ
2525f1 共振キャパシタ、キャパシタンス
2525f2 共振キャパシタ、キャパシタンス
2526 結合ループ
2526a 結合ループ
2526b 結合ループ
2526d 単一のフィードライン
2527c 結合キャパシタ
2527d 結合キャパシタ
2527e 結合キャパシタ
2527e1 結合キャパシタ
2527e2 結合キャパシタ
2527f1 結合キャパシタ
2527f2 結合キャパシタ
2600a 等価回路、回路
2600b 等価回路
2622a1 感知ループ、共振回路、共振ループ
2622a2 感知ループ、共振回路、共振ループ
2626a 結合ループ
2700 プロット
2800 装置
2802 誘導充電パッド、パッド、充電パッド
2804 導電性構造
2822 感知ループ
2822a 感知ループ
2822b 感知ループ
2826 ループ
2830 検出回路
2836 充電電源ユニット
2850 ケーブル
2900 誘導結合共振フィルタ、回路
2922a 誘導結合ワイヤループ
2922b 誘導結合ワイヤループ
2926 誘導結合入力/出力端子
3000 システム
3004 基地システム誘導コイル
3006 送信回路
3008 電源
3024 オブジェクト、金属オブジェクト
3030 検出回路
3036 基地充電システム電力変換器
3062 磁気パルス生成器
3064a センサ
3064b センサ
3100 方法
3200 装置
3300 方法
3400 装置
Claims (28)
- 誘導充電システムにおいてオブジェクトの存在を検出するための装置であって、
負荷に電力供給するか又は負荷を充電するのに十分なレベルで或る周波数の交番磁場を生成することによって電力をワイヤレスに伝達するように構成された第1の導電性構造と、
複数の共振感知回路であって、各共振感知回路が、前記第1の導電性構造とは異なる各第2の導電性構造を備え、且つ、各キャパシタに直列に電気的に接続され、各共振感知回路が前記交番磁場の周波数とは異なる各共振周波数を有し、各第2の導電性構造が、前記第1の導電性構造が生成する交番磁場内に位置する導電性構造の多次元アレイの一部を形成する、複数の共振感知回路と、
少なくとも一つの共振感知回路の少なくとも一つの特性を測定して、測定された前記特性に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するように構成された検出回路と、
前記共振感知回路を前記検出回路に誘導結合するように構成された結合ループとを備える装置。 - 各キャパシタが、対応する第2の導電性構造に前記交番磁場が誘起する電圧を減衰させるように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記複数の共振感知回路のうち少なくとも一部の複数の特性を測定して、各第2の導電性構造に対応する位置に基づいてマッピングされた測定された前記複数の特性に対応する値の多次元アレイを生成するように構成されていて、前記検出回路が、前記多次元アレイに部分的に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記値の多次元アレイ内のパターンを決定するように構成されていて、前記パターンが、車両パッド、車体の底面構造、温度変動、水、雪、氷、葉、経年変化、及び、これらの組み合わせのうち少なくとも一つについての一つ以上の残留効果を示す、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記値の多次元アレイから識別されたパターンと比較した際の測定された前記複数の特性のうち一つ以上についての差に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するように構成されている、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記オブジェクトを検出するための判定しきい値であって、測定された前記複数の特性のうち一つ以上の変化に対応する判定しきい値が、前記値の多次元アレイから識別されたパターンに基づいて決定又は調整される、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記オブジェクトを検出するための判定しきい値が、前記値の多次元アレイから識別されたパターンの時間的変化に基づいている、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記判定しきい値が、時系列で取得された値のアレイから識別されたパターンの突然又は急激な変化及び局所的な変化を生じさせるオブジェクトを検出するために検出感度を上げるように調整される、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 時系列で取得されたパターンから識別されたパターンの局所的な変化が、前記複数の共振感知回路のうち大部分について測定された特性と比較した際の前記複数の共振感知回路のうち一部分について測定された特性の変化に対応している、請求項8に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、時間平均化と空間平均化のうち一つ以上を適用して、時系列で取得された値のアレイにおける雑音の分散を減らす、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、値のアレイに空間補間を適用して、オブジェクトの位置に対する検出感度の変動を減らす、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記値の多次元アレイ内で識別されたパターンが、時系列で取得された値のアレイに対応する複数の時系列パターンのうちの一つであり、前記検出回路が、前記複数の時系列パターンに少なくとも部分的に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するように構成されている、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記オブジェクトを検出するための検出感度に対応する判定しきい値が、前記複数の時系列パターンに基づいて調整される、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、少なくとも一つのパターンを他の一つ以上の時系列パターンと比較した際の変化に基づいて前記オブジェクトを検出するように構成されている、請求項12に記載の装置。
- 前記時系列パターンが温度変動特性を示す、請求項14に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、第1の値のアレイから識別された第1のパターンと、前記オブジェクトが存在しない所定の条件において測定された第2の値のアレイから識別された第2の参照パターンとの間の比較に少なくとも部分的に基づいて、前記オブジェクトの存在を決定するように構成されている、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記第1のパターンに補正関数を適用して、歪み効果を補償することによって、前記第1の値のアレイから識別された第1のパターンを変更するように構成されている、請求項16に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、変更された前記第1のパターンと前記第2の参照パターンとの間の差の平均2乗を最小にするように前記補正関数を最適化する、請求項17に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記第1のパターンに最適化された前記補正関数を適用することによって、前記第1のパターンを変更して、変更された前記第1のパターンから前記第2の参照パターンを差し引いた結果としての差分パターンに基づいて、前記オブジェクトの存在を検出する、請求項18に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記複数の共振感知回路のうち少なくとも一部についての複数の特性を測定するように構成されていて、前記検出回路が、前記複数の特性に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するための判定しきい値を決定又は調整するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、前記複数の共振感知回路のうち少なくとも一部についての複数の特性を測定するように構成されていて、前記検出回路が、隣接ループにおいて検出された同時変化に少なくとも部分的に基づいて前記オブジェクトの存在を検出するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記特性が、インピーダンス、共振周波数、Q係数、減衰係数、インダクタンス、抵抗、電圧、相互インダクタンス、位相、周波数応答、及び、時間領域応答のうち少なくとも一つを示す少なくとも一つの値を備える、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記検出回路が、正弦波形、掃引周波数波形、インパルス、及び、擬似ランダム雑音のうち一つである感知電流信号を生成するように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記特性が、前記検出回路によって検出された感知信号から導出され、前記検出回路が、狭帯域低中間周波数に至るように前記感知信号を混ぜるように構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記複数の共振感知回路の各第2の導電性構造の少なくとも一部が、直交ループシステムとして構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記直交ループシステムが、実質的に同じ位置に位置する平面円形感知コイル及びソレノイド感知コイルを含む、請求項25に記載の装置。
- 前記複数の共振感知回路の各第2の導電性構造の少なくとも一部が、ソレノイドコイルとして構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記複数の共振感知回路の各第2の導電性構造の少なくとも一部が、二重D字構成で構成されている、請求項1に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261671498P | 2012-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | |
US61/671,498 | 2012-07-13 | ||
US13/791,585 US9726518B2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-03-08 | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detection of metal objects in a predetermined space |
US13/791,585 | 2013-03-08 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015521778A Division JP6266616B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-07-10 | 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2018078794A JP2018078794A (ja) | 2018-05-17 |
JP6691097B2 true JP6691097B2 (ja) | 2020-04-28 |
Family
ID=49913385
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015521778A Active JP6266616B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-07-10 | 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 |
JP2017240455A Active JP6691097B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015521778A Active JP6266616B2 (ja) | 2012-07-13 | 2013-07-10 | 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US9410823B2 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP2872928B8 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6266616B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN104428692B (ja) |
AR (2) | AR092856A1 (ja) |
TW (3) | TWI536035B (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2014011788A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (312)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10615645B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-04-07 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd | Power supply device of induction type power supply system and NFC device identification method of the same |
US10312748B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2019-06-04 | Fu Da Tong Techology Co., Ltd. | Signal analysis method and circuit |
US10630116B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-04-21 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Intruding metal detection method for induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
US11128180B2 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2021-09-21 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and supplying-end module for detecting receiving-end module |
US10289142B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2019-05-14 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Induction type power supply system and intruding metal detection method thereof |
US10630113B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-04-21 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd | Power supply device of induction type power supply system and RF magnetic card identification method of the same |
US10038338B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2018-07-31 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Signal modulation method and signal rectification and modulation device |
US10056944B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2018-08-21 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Data determination method for supplying-end module of induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
US10673287B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-06-02 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and supplying-end module for detecting receiving-end module |
TWI568125B (zh) | 2015-01-14 | 2017-01-21 | 富達通科技股份有限公司 | 感應式電源供應器之供電模組及其電壓測量方法 |
TWI570427B (zh) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-02-11 | 富達通科技股份有限公司 | 感應式電源供應器及其金屬異物檢測方法 |
US10951063B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2021-03-16 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Supplying-end module of induction type power supply system and signal detection method thereof |
US10574095B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-02-25 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Decoding method for signal processing circuit and signal processing circuit using the same |
US10587153B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2020-03-10 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Intruding metal detection method for induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
JP5794056B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-12 | 2015-10-14 | ソニー株式会社 | 給電装置および給電システム |
WO2013165261A2 (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2013-11-07 | Powerbyproxi Limited | Methods for detecting and identifying a receiver in an inductive power transfer system |
DE202013012730U1 (de) | 2012-06-22 | 2018-12-02 | Sony Corporation | Verarbeitungsvorrichtung |
JP5915904B2 (ja) | 2012-06-22 | 2016-05-11 | ソニー株式会社 | 処理装置、処理方法、及び、プログラム |
US9410823B2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2016-08-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detection of metal objects in a predetermined space |
EP2894757B1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2018-06-06 | Renesas Electronics Corporation | Non-contact charging device, and non-contact power supply system using same |
US9178361B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-11-03 | ConvenientPower, Ltd. | Methods and systems for detecting foreign objects in a wireless charging system |
JP6091262B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-01 | 2017-03-08 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 給電部、受電部及び給電システム |
JP6696771B2 (ja) | 2012-11-05 | 2020-05-20 | アップル インコーポレイテッドApple Inc. | 誘導結合型の電力伝送方法及びシステム |
EP2923428B1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2023-08-30 | Auckland UniServices Limited | Vehicle or moving object detection |
JP5967374B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-31 | 2016-08-10 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | ノイズキャンセル共振器 |
KR102051682B1 (ko) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-12-03 | 지이 하이브리드 테크놀로지스, 엘엘씨 | 무선 전력 전송 시스템에서 이물질 감지 장치 및 방법 |
JP2014183628A (ja) | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-29 | Canon Inc | 通信装置及びその制御方法、並びにプログラム |
BR112015025117A2 (pt) * | 2013-04-12 | 2017-07-18 | Dana Ltd | método para orientação de veículo e operador por meio de reconhecimento de padrões |
KR20140130837A (ko) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-12 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 무선전력 수신장치 |
WO2015008462A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 無接点充電装置と、そのプログラム、およびそれを搭載した自動車 |
CN103914172B (zh) * | 2013-07-19 | 2017-02-22 | 上海中航光电子有限公司 | 触控点检测电路、电感式触控屏及触控显示装置 |
US9322911B1 (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-04-26 | Exelis, Inc. | Passive phased array imager using sub-phase sampling CMOS detectors and a smart ROIC |
US9425640B2 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-08-23 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | System and method of inductive charging and localization through using multiple primary inductive coils to detect the induced voltage of a secondary inductive coil |
US9921045B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2018-03-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for increased foreign object detection loop array sensitivity |
DE102013223794A1 (de) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energieübertragungssystem und Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Energieübertragungssystems |
JP5904251B2 (ja) | 2013-11-28 | 2016-04-13 | Tdk株式会社 | コイルユニットおよび非接触電力伝送装置 |
JP5904250B2 (ja) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-04-13 | Tdk株式会社 | コイルユニットおよび非接触電力伝送装置 |
WO2015127127A1 (en) | 2014-02-23 | 2015-08-27 | Apple Inc. | Adjusting filter in a coupled coil system |
CN106030957B (zh) | 2014-02-23 | 2020-03-03 | 苹果公司 | 针对感应式功率传输系统的阻抗匹配 |
JP2015159693A (ja) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 非接触電力伝送システム及び受電装置 |
US9772401B2 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for radar-based detection of objects in a predetermined space |
US9541610B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2017-01-10 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Apparatus and method for recovery of three dimensional magnetic field from a magnetic detection system |
US9614589B1 (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2017-04-04 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Communication via a magnio |
US10520558B2 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2019-12-31 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Diamond nitrogen vacancy sensor with nitrogen-vacancy center diamond located between dual RF sources |
US9910105B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2018-03-06 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | DNV magnetic field detector |
US10338162B2 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2019-07-02 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | AC vector magnetic anomaly detection with diamond nitrogen vacancies |
CN106664120A (zh) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-05-10 | 飞利浦灯具控股公司 | 非接触式led照明灯具和包括非接触式led照明灯具的led照明网络 |
US20170117740A1 (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2017-04-27 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Mobile terminal charging device and vehicle mounted with same |
JP6399482B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2018-10-03 | 国立大学法人埼玉大学 | 金属異物検出装置 |
DE102014205598A1 (de) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Überwachungsvorrichtung für mindestens eine zur induktiven Energieübertragung ausgelegte elektrische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen zumindest einer Teilumgebung mindestens einer zur induktiven Energieübertragung ausgelegten elektrischen Vorrichtung |
JP6228499B2 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2017-11-08 | 株式会社Soken | 直動ロボットの無線給電装置 |
US10044232B2 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2018-08-07 | Apple Inc. | Inductive power transfer using acoustic or haptic devices |
US9939539B2 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2018-04-10 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Wireless power receiver and/or foreign object detection by a wireless power transmitter |
US20150303707A1 (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | Witricity Corporation | Wireless energy transfer for mobile device applications |
DE102014207427A1 (de) | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-22 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Detektion eines Störkörpers in einem System zur induktiven Energieübertragung sowie System zur induktiven Energieübertragung |
GB2525239A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-21 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Object detection system and method for detecting foreign objects in an inductive power transfer system |
JP6248785B2 (ja) | 2014-04-25 | 2017-12-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 送電装置および受電装置 |
DE102014207890A1 (de) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-07-30 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Fremdkörpererfassungsvorrichtung und Leistungs-Induktivladevorrichtung |
DE102014207885A1 (de) * | 2014-04-28 | 2015-10-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Fremdkörpererfassungsvorrichtung und Leistungs-Induktivladevorrichtung |
JP2017518018A (ja) * | 2014-05-07 | 2017-06-29 | ワイトリシティ コーポレーションWitricity Corporation | 無線エネルギー伝送システムにおける異物検出 |
US10295693B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2019-05-21 | Witricity Corporation | Systems, methods, and apparatus for foreign object detection loop based on inductive thermal sensing |
US10135303B2 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2018-11-20 | Apple Inc. | Operating a wireless power transfer system at multiple frequencies |
DE102014209501A1 (de) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anordnung, System und Verfahren zum induktiven Übertragen von Energie für das Laden mindestens eines Energiespeichers eines Schienenfahrzeugs |
US10032557B1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2018-07-24 | Apple Inc. | Tuning of primary and secondary resonant frequency for improved efficiency of inductive power transfer |
US9537353B1 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2017-01-03 | Apple Inc. | Methods for detecting mated coils |
DE102014210759A1 (de) * | 2014-06-05 | 2015-12-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ortungssystem zur Bestimmung der Position eines Fahrzeugs in einer Ladestation |
US9685814B1 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2017-06-20 | Apple Inc. | Detection of coil coupling in an inductive charging system |
JP6166227B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2017-07-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 送電装置及び受電装置 |
US10523061B2 (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2019-12-31 | Sony Corporation | Power receiving device, power feeding device, and electronic apparatus |
WO2016012894A2 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-28 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Signal carrier for contactless lighting system and lighting system including signal carrier |
US20160028265A1 (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Ultrasonic and infrared object detection for wireless charging of electric vehicles |
GB2528474A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2016-01-27 | Bombardier Transp Gmbh | Operation of an inductive power transfer system |
US9739844B2 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2017-08-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Guidance and alignment system and methods for electric vehicle wireless charging systems |
US9813041B1 (en) | 2014-07-31 | 2017-11-07 | Apple Inc. | Automatic boost control for resonant coupled coils |
US9505315B2 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2016-11-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless charging based on selective activation of transmit antennas |
US10014733B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2018-07-03 | Apple Inc. | Temperature management in a wireless energy transfer system |
US10193372B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2019-01-29 | Apple Inc. | Operating an inductive energy transfer system |
DE202014010660U1 (de) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-22 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Drahtloses Batterieladesystem für eine Einrichtung mit aufladbarer Batterie und mit Fremdkörpererkennung |
KR20160038410A (ko) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 무선전력전송 시스템 |
DE102014219968A1 (de) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Fremdobjekterkennung für eine Induktionsladevorrichtung und Induktionsladevorrichtung |
DE102014219964A1 (de) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Fremdobjekterkennung für eine Induktionsladevorrichtung und Induktionsladevorrichtung |
US9983300B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2018-05-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for living object protection in wireless power transfer applications |
KR102411990B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-24 | 2022-06-22 | 히타치 에너지 스위처랜드 아게 | 경화 유도 디바이스 및 비극적 사건으로부터 유도 디바이스를 보호하기 위한 시스템 및 방법 |
DE102014221884A1 (de) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sensoranordnung zur Bereitstellung von Zusatzinformationen in einem induktiven Ladesystem |
CN106663964B (zh) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-10-25 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 异物检测装置 |
KR101655555B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-09-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 태양전지 활용 시스템 및 방법 |
CA2966114A1 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-19 | Powerbyproxi Limited | Inductive power transmitter |
US10707685B2 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2020-07-07 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Resonant cavity mode enabled wireless power transfer |
US10012725B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2018-07-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for living object protection having extended functionality in wireless power transfer applications |
US10424968B2 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2019-09-24 | Uvic Industry Partnerships Inc. | Methods and devices for controlling wireless power transfer levels |
US10302795B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2019-05-28 | Witricity Corporation | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detecting ferromagnetic foreign objects in a predetermined space |
US9614395B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2017-04-04 | Automotive Research & Testing Center | Wireless charging system and foreign metal object detection method for the system |
US10324215B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 | 2019-06-18 | Witricity Corporation | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detecting ferromagnetic foreign objects in a predetermined space |
US10153665B2 (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2018-12-11 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Method for adjusting output power for induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
EP3979462B1 (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2023-08-16 | IHI Corporation | Power transmission system, foreign object detection device, and coil device |
US10079508B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2018-09-18 | Integrated Device Technology, Inc. | Apparatuses and related methods for detecting magnetic flux field characteristics with a wireless power receiver |
US10132650B2 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2018-11-20 | Integrated Device Technology, Inc. | Apparatuses and related methods for detecting magnetic flux field characteristics with a wireless power transmitter |
KR20170108055A (ko) | 2015-01-23 | 2017-09-26 | 록히드 마틴 코포레이션 | 자기 검출 시스템에서의 고감도 자력 측정 및 신호 처리를 위한 장치 및 방법 |
JP6623522B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-26 | 2019-12-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | ロボット、ロボットシステムおよびサーバー |
US10122192B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-11-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Sense coil geometries with improved sensitivity for metallic object detection in a predetermined space |
US9815381B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-11-14 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for partial electronics integration in vehicle pads for wireless power transfer applications |
CN112564299B (zh) | 2015-03-04 | 2024-03-05 | 苹果公司 | 感应功率发射器 |
JP6060195B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-01-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両駐車制御装置 |
KR20170132868A (ko) | 2015-04-02 | 2017-12-04 | 파워바이프록시 리미티드 | 유도성 전력 전송기 |
DE102015004752A1 (de) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | Universität Stuttgart | Empfangseinheit, Sendeeinheit und Positioniersystem zur Positionierung eines Elektrofahrzeugs, diesbezügliches Elektrofahrzeug |
US10411512B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2019-09-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for implementing presence and usage pattern detection in wireless charging applications |
KR101703995B1 (ko) | 2015-04-15 | 2017-02-08 | 한국과학기술원 | 전기자동차 급집전장치용 fod/lod 장치 |
TWI572112B (zh) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-02-21 | 國立中興大學 | 車輛無線充/放電定位系統 |
US10355528B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2019-07-16 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Dual coil wireless power transmitter |
DE102015212947A1 (de) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen eines Vorhandenseins eines elektrisch leitfähigen Körpers und die Vorrichtung beinhaltende Ladeanordnung |
US10666084B2 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2020-05-26 | Apple Inc. | Detection and notification of an unpowered releasable charging device |
DE102015112431B4 (de) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-06-29 | Zollner Elektronik Ag | Einrichtung zum Erfassen von Objekten insbesondere für Ladesysteme |
US10277062B2 (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2019-04-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | System and method for detecting and characterizing an object for wireless charging |
CN105044632B (zh) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-29 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | 基于大电流模拟的雷达卫星剩磁矩测试方法 |
JP6592095B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-10-16 | ローム株式会社 | 送電装置及び非接触給電システム |
EP3338340B1 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-06-17 | Apple Inc. | Configurable wireless transmitter device |
US10790699B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2020-09-29 | Apple Inc. | Configurable wireless transmitter device |
US10361565B2 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-07-23 | Intel Corporation | Detecting resonant frequencies |
US10477741B1 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2019-11-12 | Apple Inc. | Communication enabled EMF shield enclosures |
US20170092409A1 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-03-30 | Apple Inc. | Preferentially Magnetically Oriented Ferrites for Improved Power Transfer |
US10651685B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2020-05-12 | Apple Inc. | Selective activation of a wireless transmitter device |
US10256659B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2019-04-09 | Carrier Corporation | Inductive charging for a vehicle |
US10543511B2 (en) | 2015-10-07 | 2020-01-28 | Abb Power Grids Switzerland Ag | Material coating system and method |
US10093195B2 (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2018-10-09 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Integrated vehicle charging panel system and method of use |
US10059213B2 (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2018-08-28 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Charging devices within wheel portions |
US10124690B2 (en) | 2015-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Electric vehicle charging device positioning and method of use |
US10336194B2 (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2019-07-02 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Electric vehicle charging device alignment and method of use |
EP3709470A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2020-09-16 | Apple Inc. | Inductive power transmitter |
DE102015224016A1 (de) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur Überwachung einer induktiven Energieübertragungsvorrichtung |
CN105389995A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-09 | 赵树龙 | 一种带无线充电功能的地埋车检器 |
DE102015225128A1 (de) * | 2015-12-14 | 2017-06-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Überwachungsvorrichtung für ein induktives Ladesystem und induktives Ladesystem |
US20170182903A1 (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2017-06-29 | Intel Corporation | Technologies for wireless charging of electric vehicles |
US10759281B2 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2020-09-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Controlling operation of electrified vehicle travelling on inductive roadway to influence electrical grid |
JP6610286B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-11-27 | オムロン株式会社 | 近接スイッチ |
US10269702B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2019-04-23 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Info coil structure and methods of manufacturing same |
GB201602652D0 (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-03-30 | Metrasens Ltd | Improvements to magnetic detectors |
DE102016103044A1 (de) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-24 | Ipt Technology Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erkennung eines elektrisch leitfähigen Fremdkörpers |
US10377469B2 (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2019-08-13 | The Boeing Company | Non-contact power supply and data transfer on aerial vehicles |
WO2017176128A1 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | Powerbyproxi Limited | Inductive power transmitter |
KR20170130674A (ko) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 공정 평가 방법 및 그를 포함하는 기판 제조 장치의 제어 방법 |
KR102616740B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-27 | 2023-12-26 | (주) 엔피홀딩스 | 오브젝트 감지 센서를 갖는 전기 자동차 무선 충전 시스템 |
US10677953B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2020-06-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Magneto-optical detecting apparatus and methods |
US10330744B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-06-25 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Magnetometer with a waveguide |
US10345396B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2019-07-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Selected volume continuous illumination magnetometer |
US10317279B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2019-06-11 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Optical filtration system for diamond material with nitrogen vacancy centers |
US10359479B2 (en) | 2017-02-20 | 2019-07-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Efficient thermal drift compensation in DNV vector magnetometry |
US10338163B2 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2019-07-02 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Multi-frequency excitation schemes for high sensitivity magnetometry measurement with drift error compensation |
US10527746B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2020-01-07 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Array of UAVS with magnetometers |
US10571530B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 | 2020-02-25 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Buoy array of magnetometers |
US10371765B2 (en) | 2016-07-11 | 2019-08-06 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Geolocation of magnetic sources using vector magnetometer sensors |
US10345395B2 (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2019-07-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Vector magnetometry localization of subsurface liquids |
US10408890B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-09-10 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Pulsed RF methods for optimization of CW measurements |
US20170353056A1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Electromagnetic resonant coupler including input line, first resonance line, second resonance line, output line, and coupling line, and transmission apparatus including the electromagnetic resonant coupler |
US10688874B2 (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2020-06-23 | Intel Corporation | Vehicular inductive power transfer systems and methods |
US10128698B2 (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | Hyundai America Technical Center, Inc | Device and method for detecting an object within a wireless charging region |
US10547208B2 (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2020-01-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless power transmit resonator |
DE102016211387A1 (de) * | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ladevorrichtung |
US10908312B2 (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2021-02-02 | Stanley Black & Decker Inc. | Systems and methods for locating a metal object |
CN210155345U (zh) | 2016-06-24 | 2020-03-17 | 史丹利百得有限公司 | 用于沿着墙壁结构的表面移动以定位立柱的立柱探测设备 |
EP3480588B1 (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2021-09-29 | LG Innotek Co., Ltd. | Method for detecting foreign material, and device and system therefor |
KR102543310B1 (ko) * | 2016-07-05 | 2023-06-16 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 충전 장치, 차량 및 차량의 제어방법 |
DE102016215285A1 (de) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-22 | Audi Ag | Energiespeichereinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug |
US10734840B2 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2020-08-04 | Apple Inc. | Shared power converter for a wireless transmitter device |
CN106250657B (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-05-31 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种联合matlab和hfss软件的无线充电仿真方法 |
US10650621B1 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2020-05-12 | Iocurrents, Inc. | Interfacing with a vehicular controller area network |
US10181759B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dynamic mutual sensing foreign object detection loops |
US10461587B2 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2019-10-29 | Witricity Corporation | Methods and apparatus for positioning a vehicle using foreign object detection |
US10644531B1 (en) | 2016-09-22 | 2020-05-05 | Apple Inc. | Adaptable power rectifier for wireless charger system |
US10530193B2 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2020-01-07 | Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification, Inc. | Passive magnetic field attenuation |
CN106371143B (zh) * | 2016-11-07 | 2019-09-13 | 重庆大学 | 基于阻抗特性的异物检测方法及系统 |
US10305312B2 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2019-05-28 | Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Supplemental power system for battery powered device |
EP3538396B1 (de) * | 2016-11-11 | 2020-05-13 | Innogy SE | Ladestation, elektrofahrzeug sowie system mit einer ladestation und einem elektrofahrzeug |
US10547210B2 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2020-01-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Wireless power transmission system |
CN106410978B (zh) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江大学 | 一种无线电能传输系统中耦合线圈互感系数在线测量方法 |
CN106683387A (zh) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-17 | 杭州鸿雁智能科技有限公司 | 无源传感装置及一种无源式无线传感系统 |
US10804748B2 (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2020-10-13 | Apple Inc. | Wireless power system with foreign object detection |
JP6753307B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-09-09 | Tdk株式会社 | ワイヤレス給電装置、ワイヤレス受電装置、及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム |
JP6784170B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-27 | 2020-11-11 | Tdk株式会社 | 金属異物検出装置、ワイヤレス給電装置、ワイヤレス受電装置、及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム |
US10594160B2 (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2020-03-17 | Apple Inc. | Noise mitigation in wireless power systems |
US10476313B2 (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2019-11-12 | Denso Corporation | Foreign object detection in a wireless power transfer system |
DE102017101982A1 (de) | 2017-02-01 | 2018-08-02 | Zollner Elektronik Ag | Einrichtung zum Erfassen von Objekten insbesondere für Ladesysteme |
SG10201708902RA (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2018-09-27 | Apple Inc | Wireless Charging System With Object Detection |
US10505401B2 (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2019-12-10 | Apple Inc. | Wireless charging system with receiver locating circuitry and foreign object detection |
US10511197B2 (en) | 2017-02-02 | 2019-12-17 | Apple Inc. | Wireless charging system with object detection |
EP3364522B1 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2020-05-20 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method and apparatus for position alignment using low-frequency antennas in wireless power transfer system |
JP6941775B2 (ja) | 2017-03-03 | 2021-09-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 充電可否提示方法、および、充電可否提示システム |
JP7278217B2 (ja) | 2017-03-07 | 2023-05-19 | パワーマット テクノロジーズ リミテッド | 無線電力充電用のシステム |
EP3373413B1 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2023-08-02 | Powermat Technologies Ltd. | System for wireless power charging |
WO2018163177A1 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2018-09-13 | Powermat Technologies Ltd. | System for wireless power charging |
JP7353178B2 (ja) | 2017-03-07 | 2023-09-29 | パワーマット テクノロジーズ リミテッド | 無線電力充電用のシステム |
CN110446919B (zh) * | 2017-03-17 | 2022-04-01 | 国立研究开发法人产业技术综合研究所 | 非破坏性检测方法和非破坏性检测装置 |
GB201705206D0 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2017-05-17 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | Apparatus for a resonance circuit |
US10379174B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-08-13 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Bias magnet array for magnetometer |
US10371760B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-08-06 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Standing-wave radio frequency exciter |
US10459041B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-10-29 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Magnetic detection system with highly integrated diamond nitrogen vacancy sensor |
US10338164B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2019-07-02 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Vacancy center material with highly efficient RF excitation |
KR102380348B1 (ko) * | 2017-03-24 | 2022-03-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무선 전력 송신 장치 및 거치 형태에 따른 무선 전력 송신 방법 |
US20180275207A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Magneto-optical defect center sensor with vivaldi rf antenna array |
GB201705208D0 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-05-17 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | Temperature determination |
US11177680B2 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2021-11-16 | Intel Corporation | Field shaper for a wireless power transmitter |
US10523063B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2019-12-31 | Apple Inc. | Common mode noise compensation in wireless power systems |
US10389274B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2019-08-20 | Apple Inc. | Boosted output inverter for electronic devices |
CN106972651B (zh) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-10-15 | 南京农业大学 | 一种电动汽车无线充电异物检测系统 |
CN107528391A (zh) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-12-29 | 惠州市华阳多媒体电子有限公司 | 一种Qi无线充电器的线圈位置检测装置 |
US10320241B2 (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-06-11 | Apple Inc. | Wireless charging system with object recognition |
US10256674B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2019-04-09 | Witricity Corporation | Wireless charging transmitter with foreign object and living object detection systems |
EP3612824A1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2020-02-26 | Proceq SA | Inductive characterization of a metal object embedded in concrete and related detection device |
KR20200029526A (ko) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-03-18 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 급전 장치 및 비접촉 급전 시스템 |
US20190027966A1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology (Kaist) | Wireless power transfer system including primary coil unit having a plurality of independently controllable coils and receiver coil unit having a plurality of coils |
KR20190009639A (ko) | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-29 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 이물질 검출 장치 및 무선 충전 시스템 |
CN109283586A (zh) * | 2017-07-20 | 2019-01-29 | 乐金电子研发中心(上海)有限公司 | 一种金属异物检测系统及方法 |
CN107369289A (zh) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-21 | 合肥万伟达信息科技有限公司 | 一种智能化控制车载安防系统 |
KR102446894B1 (ko) * | 2017-08-07 | 2022-09-23 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 무선 충전을 위한 이물질 검출 방법 및 그를 위한 장치 |
US11237649B2 (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2022-02-01 | Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Inductive beacon for time-keying virtual reality applications |
DE102017214603A1 (de) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-02-28 | Universität Stuttgart | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion von elektrisch leitfähigen Fremdkörpern bei der induktiven Energieübertragung |
US11025098B2 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2021-06-01 | Apple Inc. | Wireless charging system with machine-learning-based foreign object detection |
CN111344187A (zh) * | 2017-09-12 | 2020-06-26 | 易链接有限责任公司 | 车辆连接设备、地面接触单元、车辆耦联系统以及用于将车辆接触单元与地面接触单元自动化地、导电地连接的方法 |
US10714985B2 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-07-14 | Spark Connected LLC | Wireless power transfer system and method |
CN107612153B (zh) * | 2017-10-13 | 2023-05-09 | 湖南工业大学 | 一种电动汽车无线供电系统的三线圈结构 |
US10804743B2 (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2020-10-13 | Witricity Corporation | Surface flux control for inductive wireless charging systems |
US10592309B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2020-03-17 | Bank Of America Corporation | Using smart data to forecast and track dual stage events |
CN109921524A (zh) | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-21 | 恩智浦美国有限公司 | 具有用于异物检测的电力水平计算电路的无线充电系统 |
JP6564005B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-08-21 | 株式会社東芝 | 異物検出装置、無線電力伝送装置、及び無線電力伝送システム |
CA3124345A1 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification, Inc. | Wireless power transfer pad with multiple windings |
US11046193B2 (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2021-06-29 | Witricity Corporation | Foreign object detection circuit using current measurement |
CN108321947A (zh) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-07-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | 一种对移动设备进行非电缆式供电的无线供电系统及其使用方法 |
CN108515861A (zh) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-11 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | 充电桩充电方法、终端设备、充电装置和充电桩充电系统 |
US10642435B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-05-05 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | False triggering prevention in a resonant phase sensing system |
US10725549B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-07-28 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Efficient detection of human machine interface interaction using a resonant phase sensing system |
US11092657B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2021-08-17 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Compensation of changes in a resonant phase sensing system including a resistive-inductive-capacitive sensor |
US10908200B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2021-02-02 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Resonant phase sensing of resistive-inductive-capacitive sensors |
US11537242B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2022-12-27 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Q-factor enhancement in resonant phase sensing of resistive-inductive-capacitive sensors |
US10921159B1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-02-16 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Use of reference sensor in resonant phase sensing system |
DE102018205103B3 (de) * | 2018-04-05 | 2019-07-04 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Bestimmen von elektrischen Kenngrößen eines Energieübertragungssystems |
EP3782262A4 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2021-12-22 | General Electric Company | DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETECTION OF A FOREIGN OBJECT |
US20210078426A1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2021-03-18 | General Electric Company | System and method for determining an alignment of an apparatus coil |
CN111937272A (zh) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-11-13 | 通用电气公司 | 无线电力传输系统的接收器单元 |
US20190326782A1 (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-10-24 | Apple Inc. | Wireless Charging System With Metallic Object Detection |
CN108860126B (zh) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-25 | 江铃控股有限公司 | 电子驻车制动系统评价方法 |
WO2019219208A1 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2019-11-21 | Tdk Corporation | Foreign object detector, wireless power transmission system comprising a foreign object detector and method of detecting a foreign object |
US11005304B2 (en) * | 2018-06-24 | 2021-05-11 | Chargedge, Inc. | Foreign object and valid receiver detection techniques in wireless power transfer |
CN109038850B (zh) | 2018-06-25 | 2020-07-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种检测无线充电系统中金属异物的装置、设备及方法 |
DE102018115847A1 (de) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Sensitec Gmbh | Verschleißüberwachungsvorrichtung und Kugelgewindetrieb |
US11059457B1 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2021-07-13 | Waymo Llc | Capacitance-based foreign object debris sensor |
DE102018119203A1 (de) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-02-13 | Zollner Elektronik Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Objekterfassung |
DE102018217079A1 (de) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-04-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erkennung des Diebstahls eines Fahrzeugs |
US11519753B2 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2022-12-06 | Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Inductive sensing apparatus and method |
DE102018126645A1 (de) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-04-30 | Pepperl + Fuchs Gmbh | Schwingungssensor mit Kalibriereinheit und Messgerät |
TWI682607B (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-01-11 | 財團法人車輛研究測試中心 | 可控式異物偵測裝置及方法 |
KR102532469B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-05-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무선 전력 전송 장치 |
JP7216889B2 (ja) * | 2018-11-28 | 2023-02-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電源システム |
CN111313569A (zh) | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 恩智浦美国有限公司 | 无线充电系统中的异物检测电路的q因子确定 |
EP3900153A1 (de) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-10-27 | Universität Stuttgart | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur detektion von elektrisch leitfähigen fremdkörpern bei der induktiven energieübertragung |
US11002874B2 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-05-11 | Witricity Corporation | Foreign object detection circuit using mutual impedance sensing |
CN109572458A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 华北电力大学(保定) | 一种双频段电动汽车动态无线充电系统及其导轨切换方法 |
CN111371189A (zh) | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 恩智浦美国有限公司 | 在具有复杂谐振电路的无线充电系统中确定q因数 |
DE102019103670A1 (de) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-13 | Balluff Gmbh | Induktiver Sensor und Verfahren zu seinem Betrieb |
US11402946B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2022-08-02 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Multi-chip synchronization in sensor applications |
US10935620B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2021-03-02 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | On-chip resonance detection and transfer function mapping of resistive-inductive-capacitive sensors |
US10948313B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2021-03-16 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Spread spectrum sensor scanning using resistive-inductive-capacitive sensors |
US11536758B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2022-12-27 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Single-capacitor inductive sense systems |
DE102019001700A1 (de) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | Daimler Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Ladestation für ein elektrisch antreibbares Kraftfahrzeug |
US10965331B2 (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-03-30 | Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc | Broad range voltage-controlled oscillator |
SI3739326T1 (sl) * | 2019-05-16 | 2023-01-31 | Technische Universitaet Graz | Postopek, sistem in senzor za nadziranje področja |
CN110146927B (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-02-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 充电系统、异物检测方法及组件、充电控制方法及装置 |
CN110173743B (zh) * | 2019-05-28 | 2021-02-02 | 杭州暖洋洋科技有限公司 | 一种远红外碳晶加热板及其智能检验系统 |
US10789798B1 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-09-29 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Diagnostic element for validation of bolt detection of a guard locking switch in a static state |
US11572709B2 (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2023-02-07 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Guard locking switch with three concurrent directions of approach |
US11171641B2 (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2021-11-09 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Compensation for air gap changes and temperature changes in a resonant phase detector |
JP7304538B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-18 | 2023-07-07 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 駐車支援装置及び駐車支援方法 |
CN110224506B (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-10-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 串串型无线电能传输系统的金属异物检测系统 |
JP7404706B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-19 | 2023-12-26 | オムロン株式会社 | 異物検出装置 |
CN110351206B (zh) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-07-20 | 深圳市三旺通信股份有限公司 | 一种本安型百兆及千兆双频大功率无线交换机 |
US11677230B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2023-06-13 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Motor protection relay interface using magnetometer-based sensors |
JP7451916B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-03-19 | オムロン株式会社 | 異物検出装置 |
US11874423B2 (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2024-01-16 | Witricity Corporation | Circuit for object detection and vehicle position determination |
US11079874B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 | 2021-08-03 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Virtual button characterization engine |
WO2021113383A1 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-10 | Apple Inc. | Wireless power systems with foreign object detection |
DE102019220463A1 (de) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | Mahle International Gmbh | Induktionsladevorrichtung für ein Fahrzeugladesystem |
JP2023041073A (ja) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-03-24 | Tdk株式会社 | 異物検出装置、送電装置、受電装置および電力伝送システム |
JP2023041074A (ja) * | 2019-12-27 | 2023-03-24 | Tdk株式会社 | 異物検出装置、送電装置、受電装置および電力伝送システム |
US10978918B1 (en) | 2020-01-02 | 2021-04-13 | Apple Inc. | Wireless power devices with capacitive foreign object detection sensors |
DE102020200199A1 (de) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Detektion von leitfähigen Gegenständen an oder über einer Oberfläche |
WO2021230598A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device for wirelessly transmitting or receiving power and method for operating the same |
US11130422B1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-09-28 | Rearden Power LLC | Hybrid battery management system |
US11579030B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2023-02-14 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Baseline estimation for sensor system |
US11835410B2 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2023-12-05 | Cirrus Logic Inc. | Determination of resonant frequency and quality factor for a sensor system |
US11868540B2 (en) | 2020-06-25 | 2024-01-09 | Cirrus Logic Inc. | Determination of resonant frequency and quality factor for a sensor system |
EP3968520B1 (de) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-08-31 | Sick Ag | Sensor zur erfassung eines objekts und verfahren zur auswertung eines sensorsignals |
US11152822B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2021-10-19 | Stmicroelectronics Asia Pacific Pte Ltd | Foreign objection detection sensing circuit for wireless power transmission systems |
CN112327368B (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-08-24 | 电子科技大学 | 一种超深金属管道埋深检测设备及其使用方法 |
EP4285462A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2023-12-06 | WiTricity Corporation | Wire-wound structures for electromagnetic sensing of objects |
US11750041B2 (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2023-09-05 | Witricity Corporation | Wire-wound structures for electromagnetic sensing of objects |
US11619519B2 (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2023-04-04 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Predictive sensor tracking optimization in multi-sensor sensing applications |
US11808669B2 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2023-11-07 | Cirrus Logic Inc. | Gain and mismatch calibration for a phase detector used in an inductive sensor |
US11821761B2 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2023-11-21 | Cirrus Logic Inc. | Maximizing dynamic range in resonant sensing |
JP2022153688A (ja) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-13 | ラピステクノロジー株式会社 | 非接触給電装置、受電装置及び送電装置 |
US11507199B2 (en) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-11-22 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Pseudo-differential phase measurement and quality factor compensation |
CN113092572B (zh) * | 2021-04-09 | 2024-01-26 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种管道达到磁饱和所需磁化强度的确定方法 |
CN113030549B (zh) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-06-03 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | 一种基于无磁芯传感阵列的地网电流监测方法 |
EP4089432A1 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-11-16 | ElectDis AB | Methods and systems for providing a secondary reference for wireless power transfer measurements and for evaluating a wireless power measurement device |
EP4287458A1 (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2023-12-06 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Coil for detecting foreign material, and wireless power transmitter comprising same |
WO2023030746A1 (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-09 | Sivantos Pte. Ltd. | Enhanced design battery coil module |
WO2023044300A1 (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-23 | Witricity Corporation | Circuit for object detection and vehicle position determination |
EP4164090A1 (en) | 2021-10-06 | 2023-04-12 | ABB E-mobility B.V. | A method for a foreign object detection in a contactless charging system |
CN114023029A (zh) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-08 | 思创医惠科技股份有限公司 | 一种箱内商品的防盗监测装置及方法 |
US11854738B2 (en) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-12-26 | Cirrus Logic Inc. | Slew control for variable load pulse-width modulation driver and load sensing |
US20230208169A1 (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-06-29 | Auto Motive Power Inc. | Technique Using a Battery Charger and Battery Management System to Detect Cell Degradation and Pack Imminent Failures |
US20230246488A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-03 | Witricity Corporation | Foreign Object Detection Using Combined Inductive and Thermal Sensing |
US20230246489A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-08-03 | Witricity Corporation | Foreign Object Detection Using Hybrid Inductive and Capacitive Sensing |
US20230251108A1 (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-08-10 | The Uab Research Foundation | Multi-resonance and transfer-learning based tracking system |
US11770157B2 (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-09-26 | Renesas Electronics America Inc. | Wireless power transmitter implementing multiplexing for monitoring circuitry in a semiconductor device |
Family Cites Families (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4027303A (en) | 1975-05-22 | 1977-05-31 | Neuwirth Karl R | Apparatus for detecting the presence of objects by sensing reflected energy |
GB2065946B (en) | 1979-11-21 | 1983-08-24 | Redland Automation Ltd | Vehicle detiction installation |
JPS5830688A (ja) | 1981-08-18 | 1983-02-23 | Kazunari Yamada | センサ− |
GB8500220D0 (en) | 1985-01-04 | 1985-02-13 | Coin Controls | Discriminating between metallic articles |
GB8912522D0 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1989-07-19 | Coin Controls | Coin discrimination apparatus with temperature compensation |
GB9123664D0 (en) | 1991-11-07 | 1992-01-02 | British Steel Plc | Metal detection |
US5287111A (en) | 1992-08-24 | 1994-02-15 | Shmuel Hershkovitz | Doppler shift motion detector with variable power |
DE4438286C2 (de) | 1994-10-26 | 2002-09-12 | Siemens Ag | System zur kontaktlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung |
US6216540B1 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 2001-04-17 | Robert S. Nelson | High resolution device and method for imaging concealed objects within an obscuring medium |
DE19626363A1 (de) | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-08 | Klaus Ebinger | Metalldetektor und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Metalldetektors |
JPH10270272A (ja) | 1997-03-25 | 1998-10-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | アンテナ装置 |
US6493572B1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2002-12-10 | Toshiba America Mri, Inc. | Inherently de-coupled sandwiched solenoidal array coil |
US7177698B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2007-02-13 | Advanced Bionics Corporation | Telemetry system for use with microstimulator |
US6914552B1 (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2005-07-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Magneto-radar detector and method |
US7068028B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2006-06-27 | Intellectual Property Llc | Method and apparatus for metal target proximity detection at long distances |
US7365530B2 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2008-04-29 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for vibration detection |
US7095221B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2006-08-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Doppler radar sensing system for monitoring turbine generator components |
US20060133633A1 (en) | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-22 | Nokia Corporation | Mobile telephone with metal sensor |
JP4831686B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2011-12-07 | 株式会社山武 | 高周波発振型近接センサ |
US7973730B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2011-07-05 | Broadcom Corporation | Adjustable integrated circuit antenna structure |
US8970060B2 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2015-03-03 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power feeding system and electrical powered vehicle |
US8946938B2 (en) | 2008-09-27 | 2015-02-03 | Witricity Corporation | Safety systems for wireless energy transfer in vehicle applications |
US20120112538A1 (en) | 2008-09-27 | 2012-05-10 | Kesler Morris P | Wireless energy transfer for vehicle applications |
JP5365306B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-12-11 | 富士通株式会社 | 無線電力供給システム |
DE102009033237A1 (de) | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | Conductix-Wampfler Ag | Vorrichtung zur induktiven Übertragung elektrischer Energie |
DE102009033236A1 (de) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | Conductix-Wampfler Ag | Vorrichtung zur induktiven Übertragung elektrischer Energie |
CN201580217U (zh) | 2009-08-18 | 2010-09-15 | 群丰科技股份有限公司 | 非接触式充电的轮胎信息检测器、充电器及其组成的系统 |
JP5484843B2 (ja) | 2009-09-24 | 2014-05-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | 非接触充電システム |
US8575944B2 (en) | 2009-11-03 | 2013-11-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Foreign object detection in inductive coupled devices |
JP5427105B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-14 | 2014-02-26 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 共鳴型非接触給電システム |
JP2012016125A (ja) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-19 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | 非接触給電システム及び非接触給電システムの金属異物検出装置 |
EP2418830B1 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2013-04-03 | Research In Motion Limited | Near-field communication (NFC) system providing plug-in device connection assistance features and related methods |
CN101917040B (zh) | 2010-08-16 | 2016-04-20 | 倪既民 | 地埋式车辆充电装置 |
JP5369070B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-08 | 2013-12-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 汎用エンジンの燃料切れ判定装置 |
US9294153B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2016-03-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Systems and methods of wireless power transfer with interference detection |
JP5605153B2 (ja) | 2010-10-15 | 2014-10-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 給電装置、給電方法および給電システム |
US10141770B2 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2018-11-27 | Mojo Mobility, Inc. | Powering and/or charging with a plurality of protocols |
DE102011105063B4 (de) * | 2011-06-21 | 2023-09-21 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Detektion eines Fremdkörpers in einem induktiven Übertragungsweg |
JP2013027074A (ja) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-02-04 | Panasonic Corp | 非接触給電装置 |
US8264401B1 (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-09-11 | Sensys Networks, Inc. | Micro-radar, micro-radar sensor nodes, networks and systems |
JP5967989B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2016-08-10 | ソニー株式会社 | 検知装置、受電装置、送電装置及び非接触給電システム |
US9410823B2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2016-08-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detection of metal objects in a predetermined space |
-
2013
- 2013-03-08 US US13/791,365 patent/US9410823B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-08 US US13/791,585 patent/US9726518B2/en active Active
- 2013-07-10 EP EP13742087.3A patent/EP2872928B8/en active Active
- 2013-07-10 WO PCT/US2013/049948 patent/WO2014011788A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-07-10 CN CN201380036632.7A patent/CN104428692B/zh active Active
- 2013-07-10 CN CN201380036625.7A patent/CN104521151B/zh active Active
- 2013-07-10 JP JP2015521778A patent/JP6266616B2/ja active Active
- 2013-07-10 EP EP13742084.0A patent/EP2873160B1/en active Active
- 2013-07-10 EP EP19193168.2A patent/EP3588791A1/en active Pending
- 2013-07-10 WO PCT/US2013/049935 patent/WO2014011776A2/en active Application Filing
- 2013-07-12 AR ARP130102497A patent/AR092856A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-07-12 AR ARP130102498A patent/AR094820A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-07-15 TW TW102125283A patent/TWI536035B/zh active
- 2013-07-15 TW TW102125282A patent/TWI498586B/zh active
- 2013-07-15 TW TW104123934A patent/TWI570426B/zh active
-
2017
- 2017-07-28 US US15/663,468 patent/US10627257B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-15 JP JP2017240455A patent/JP6691097B2/ja active Active
-
2020
- 2020-04-02 US US16/838,701 patent/US11077762B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-07-30 US US17/390,763 patent/US11919407B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6691097B2 (ja) | 所定の空間における金属オブジェクトの検出のためのシステム、方法、および装置 | |
US9921045B2 (en) | Systems, methods, and apparatus for increased foreign object detection loop array sensitivity | |
US10122192B2 (en) | Sense coil geometries with improved sensitivity for metallic object detection in a predetermined space | |
US10298049B2 (en) | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detecting metallic objects in a predetermined space via inductive kinematic sensing | |
WO2016060748A1 (en) | Systems, methods, and apparatus for living object protection in wireless power transfer applications | |
WO2015009363A1 (en) | Integration of electronic components in inductive power transfer systems |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20171219 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20171219 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20181120 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20181210 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20190311 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20190605 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20190717 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20191118 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200207 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20200316 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20200409 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6691097 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |