JP6275729B2 - 蒸発性燃料蒸気の排出制御システム - Google Patents
蒸発性燃料蒸気の排出制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6275729B2 JP6275729B2 JP2015536903A JP2015536903A JP6275729B2 JP 6275729 B2 JP6275729 B2 JP 6275729B2 JP 2015536903 A JP2015536903 A JP 2015536903A JP 2015536903 A JP2015536903 A JP 2015536903A JP 6275729 B2 JP6275729 B2 JP 6275729B2
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- butane
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Description
吸着体の呼び容積=h×A
呼び容積の見掛け密度=部分質量/(h×A)
「部分質量」は、吸着特性を求めて代表的な吸着体試料を試験した吸着体の質量であり、不活性または吸着性の結合剤および充填剤の代表的な割合を含む。
吸着体の呼び容積=h×A
呼び容積の見掛け密度=部分質量/(h×A)
「部分質量」は、吸着特性を求めて代表的な吸着体試料を試験した吸着体の質量であり、不活性または吸着性の結合剤および充填剤の代表的な割合を含み、
hは、フィルタに入る蒸気またはガス流れに対して垂直な吸着体の前面と、蒸気またはガスがフィルタを出る吸着体の背面の間の距離と定義される吸着体の長さであり、
Aは吸着体の断面積である。
呼び増分吸着容量=[50vol%における吸着されたブタン−5vol%における吸着されたブタン]×呼び容積の見掛け密度×1000
という式による吸着容量を表し、
「50vol%における吸着されたブタン」は、50vol%のブタン濃度における、吸着体試料のグラム質量当りの吸着されたn−ブタンのグラム質量であり、
「5vol%における吸着されたブタン」は、5vol%のブタン濃度における、吸着体試料のグラム質量当りの吸着されたn−ブタンのグラム質量であり、
「呼び容積の見掛け密度」は、以前に定義された通りである。
パージされたブタンの量=添加後の試験アセンブリの質量−パージ後の試験アセンブリの質量、である。
Veff=ΣVnom, i+ΣVgap, j
Beff=Σ(Bnom, i×Vnom, i)/Veff
増分吸着容量の割出し
101 メインキャニスタ
102 支持スクリーン
103 分割壁
104 燃料蒸気入口
105 通気ポート
106 パージ出口
107 コンジット
109 ハニカム吸着体
110 発泡吸着体
111 積層型波形シートの吸着体モノリス
112 波形のしわ
113 波形のシート
114 波形のシート
115 平行な吸着シートの吸着容積
116 吸着スリーブ
120 キャニスタシステム
121 キャニスタシステム
122
201 最初の吸着容積
202 後続の吸着容積
203 後続の吸着容積
204 後続の吸着容積
205 空の容積
300 補助キャニスタ
301 後続の吸着容積
302 後続の吸着容積
303 後続の吸着容積
304 空の容積
305 空の容積
800 装置
801 試料パン
802 ばね
803 試料管
804 低真空ポンプ
805 拡散ポンプ
806 拡散ポンプ
807 金属/Oリングの真空弁
808 金属/Oリングの真空弁
809 金属/Oリングの真空弁
810 ブタンシリンダ
811 圧力読取りユニット
812 コンジット
Claims (27)
- 1つまたは複数のキャニスタを含む蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムであって、
25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラムのn−ブタン/Lより大きい有効な増分吸着容量を有する上流の吸着容積と、
複数の後続の吸着容積と、
25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラム未満のn−ブタン/Lの有効な増分吸着容量、3g/dL未満の有効ブタン作業能力(BWC)、および2グラムと6グラムの間のg−合計BWCを有する少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積とを備え、
前記上流の吸着容積および前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が単一のキャニスタ内に配置されており、あるいは、前記上流の吸着容積と前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が、燃料蒸気による逐次の接触を可能にするように接続された個別のキャニスタの中に配置されており、
前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約210リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下であり、
前記単一のキャニスタは4つ以下の吸着容積を有する、蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステム。 - 単一の下流の吸着容積を備える請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 複数の下流の吸着容積を備える請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記上流の吸着容積、前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積またはその両方が、活性炭、炭素チャコール、ゼオライト、粘土、多孔質ポリマー、多孔質アルミナ、多孔質シリカ、モレキュラーシーブ、カオリン、チタニア、セリアおよびそれらの組合せから成る群から選択された吸着体を含む請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記活性炭が、木材、木材粉塵、木粉、コットンリンタ、ピート、石炭、ココナッツ、リグナイト、炭水化物、石油ピッチ、石油コークス、コールタールピッチ、果実の種、果実の核、堅果の殻、堅果の種、おがくず、シュロ、植物、合成ポリマー、天然ポリマー、リグノセルロース材料、およびそれらの組合せから成る群から選択された要素を含んでいる材料から導出されたものである請求項4に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記上流の吸着容積内の吸着体、前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積、またはその両方の形態が、粒状、ペレット、球状、ハニカム、モノリス、ペレット化された円筒状、均一の形状の粒子媒体、不均一な形状の粒子媒体、押出材の構造化された媒体、巻かれた形態の構造化された媒体、折り畳まれた形態の構造化された媒体、ひだのある形態の構造化された媒体、波形の形態の構造化された媒体、注入された形態の構造化された媒体、結合された形態の構造化された媒体、非織物、織物、シート、紙、発泡体、中空円筒、星形、ねじった渦巻き曲線、アスタリスク、構成されたリボン、およびそれらの組合せから成る群から選択された要素を含む請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が容積測定の希釈剤を含む請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記容積測定の希釈剤が、不活性のスペーサ粒子、閉じ込められた空隙、発泡体、繊維、スクリーン、およびそれらの組合せから成る群から選択された要素を含む請求項7に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記容積測定の希釈剤が、星形、中空チューブ、アスタリスク、螺旋、シリンダ、構成されたリボン、ハニカム、モノリスおよびそれらの組合せから成る群から選択された空隙率の高い形状に形成された吸着体材料を含む請求項7に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が、2グラムを上回る合計の容積のブタン作業能力を有する請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、157.5リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約100リットル以下の総容積のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約75リットル以下の総容積のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項1に記載のキャニスタシステム。
- 燃料を貯蔵するための燃料タンクと、
吸気システムを有し、前記燃料を消費するように適合されたエンジンと、
前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約210リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムであって、
25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラムのn−ブタン/Lより大きい有効な増分吸着容量を有する上流の吸着容積と、
複数の後続の吸着容積と、
25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラム未満のn−ブタン/Lの有効な増分吸着容量、3g/dL未満の有効ブタン作業能力(BWC)、および2グラムと6グラムの間のg−合計BWCを有する少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積とを備えるキャニスタシステムと、
前記蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムを前記燃料タンクに接続する燃料蒸気入口コンジットと、
前記蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムを前記エンジンの前記吸気システムに接続する燃料蒸気パージコンジットと、
前記蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムを通気し、前記蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムにパージ用空気を吸入するための通気コンジットとを備える蒸発ガス制御システムであって、
前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積および前記通気コンジットに向かう、前記燃料蒸気入口コンジットから前記上流の吸着容積への燃料蒸気流路と、前記上流の吸着容積および前記燃料蒸気パージ出口に向かう、前記通気コンジットから前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積への空気流路とによって前記蒸発ガス制御キャニスタシステムが定義される、蒸発ガス制御システム。 - 前記キャニスタシステムが1つまたは複数のキャニスタを備える請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムの前記上流の吸着容積および前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が、単一のキャニスタ内に配置されており、前記単一のキャニスタは4つ以下の吸着容積を有する、請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムの前記上流の吸着容積と前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が、燃料蒸気による逐次の接触を可能にするように接続された個別のキャニスタの中に配置されている請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 加熱ユニットをさらに備える請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、157.5リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、100BV以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 前記キャニスタシステムが、前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、75BV以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項14に記載の蒸発ガス制御システム。
- 蒸発ガス制御システムの燃料蒸気排出物を低減する方法であって、前記燃料蒸気を、25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラムのn−ブタン/Lより大きい有効な増分吸着容量を有する上流の吸着容積と、
複数の後続の吸着容積と、
25℃において5vol%と50vol%の間のn−ブタンの蒸気濃度で35グラム未満のn−ブタン/Lの有効な増分吸着容量、3g/dL未満の有効ブタン作業能力(BWC)、および2グラムと6グラムの間のg−合計BWCを有する少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積とに接触させるステップを含み、
前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約210リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である方法。 - 前記上流の吸着容積および前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が単一のキャニスタ内に配置されており、前記単一のキャニスタは4つ以下の吸着容積を有する、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記上流の吸着容積と前記少なくとも1つの下流の吸着容積が、前記燃料蒸気による逐次の接触を可能にするように接続された個別のキャニスタの中に配置されている請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、約157.5リットル以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、100BV以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記40g/hrのブタン添加ステップの後、75BV以下のパージを与えて、2日間の昼間呼吸損失(DBL)の排出物が20mg以下である請求項22に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2013/064407 WO2014059190A1 (en) | 2012-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | Evaporative fuel vapor emission control systems |
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