JP7477527B2 - ペルフルオロアルキルおよびポリフルオロアルキル吸着剤材料および使用方法 - Google Patents
ペルフルオロアルキルおよびポリフルオロアルキル吸着剤材料および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7477527B2 JP7477527B2 JP2021559260A JP2021559260A JP7477527B2 JP 7477527 B2 JP7477527 B2 JP 7477527B2 JP 2021559260 A JP2021559260 A JP 2021559260A JP 2021559260 A JP2021559260 A JP 2021559260A JP 7477527 B2 JP7477527 B2 JP 7477527B2
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- oxides
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- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208467 Macadamia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000021150 Orbignya martiana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014643 Orbignya martiana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005857 PFAS Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNGREZUHAYWORS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 28
- YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YFSUTJLHUFNCNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- VIONGDJUYAYOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F VIONGDJUYAYOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoroheptanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ZWBAMYVPMDSJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 4
- YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- YPJUNDFVDDCYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutyric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YPJUNDFVDDCYIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical compound CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JLPUXFOGCDVKGO-TUAOUCFPSA-N (-)-geosmin Chemical compound C1CCC[C@]2(O)[C@@H](C)CCC[C@]21C JLPUXFOGCDVKGO-TUAOUCFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYGQVDSRYXATEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoroheptane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F OYGQVDSRYXATEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRMWNTGHXHOWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluoro-n-methyloctane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SRMWNTGHXHOWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LFYXNXGVLGKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylisoborneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(C)(O)CC1C2(C)C LFYXNXGVLGKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoform Chemical compound IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTOPKICPEQUPPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl methoxy pyrazine Chemical compound COC1=NC=CN=C1C(C)C NTOPKICPEQUPPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=O NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2019年4月3日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/828,790号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、その内容は参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0316433号明細書
(特許文献2) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0168321号明細書
(特許文献3) 国際公開第2017/180346号
(特許文献4) 仏国特許出願公開第3077069号明細書
(特許文献5) 米国特許第10,702,853号明細書
(特許文献6) 米国特許第2,038,071号明細書
(特許文献7) 米国特許出願公開第2002/0170436号明細書
(特許文献8) 米国特許出願公開第2003/0188663号明細書
(特許文献9) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0118287号明細書
(特許文献10) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0118387号明細書
(特許文献11) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0081717号明細書
(特許文献12) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0150835号明細書
(特許文献13) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0167367号明細書
(特許文献14) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0042467号明細書
(特許文献15) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0054142号明細書
(特許文献16) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0169758号明細書
(特許文献17) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0272080号明細書
(特許文献18) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0073290号明細書
(特許文献19) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0121142号明細書
(特許文献20) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0283446号明細書
(特許文献21) 米国特許出願公開第2008/0308075号明細書
(特許文献22) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0172998号明細書
(特許文献23) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0223370号明細書
(特許文献24) 米国特許出願公開第2010/0178624号明細書
(特許文献25) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0030592号明細書
(特許文献26) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0076210号明細書
(特許文献27) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0048110号明細書
(特許文献28) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0100054号明細書
(特許文献29) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0172216号明細書
(特許文献30) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0220451号明細書
(特許文献31) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0078169号明細書
(特許文献32) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0109562号明細書
(特許文献33) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0168321号明細書
(特許文献34) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0269532号明細書
(特許文献35) 米国特許出願公開第2013/0316433号明細書
(特許文献36) 米国特許出願公開第2014/0117054号明細書
(特許文献37) 米国特許出願公開第2014/0165542号明細書
(特許文献38) 米国特許出願公開第2015/0050202号明細書
(特許文献39) 米国特許出願公開第2016/0023920号明細書
(特許文献40) 米国特許出願公開第2016/0166972号明細書
(特許文献41) 米国特許出願公開第2016/0236169号明細書
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本開示は、限定されるものではないが、炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、カーボンブラック、天然ゼオライトおよび合成ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、アルミナ、アルミナ粘土、ジルコニア、珪藻土、または金属酸化物を含む様々な吸着剤材料を提供する。吸着剤材料は、単独でまたは組み合わせて使用されてもよい。吸着剤材料が組み合わせて使用されるいくつかの実施形態では、複数の処理済み吸着剤が一緒に混合され、このような処理済み吸着剤は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。他の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されるように処理される吸着剤材料は、処理されない吸着剤材料と組み合わされる。例えば、一実施形態では、第一の吸着剤材料は、本開示に従って処理され、炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、またはカーボンブラックのうちの一つまたは複数であり、本開示に従って処理されず、炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、カーボンブラック、天然および合成ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、アルミナ、アルミナ粘土、ジルコニア、珪藻土または金属酸化物のうちの一つまたは複数である第二の吸着剤と混合される。
本開示の吸着剤材料は、水を含む液体および/または気体から、PFAS、PFOA、PFOS、または化学的に類似したまたは化学的に関連する化合物を除去する必要があるときはいつでも有用である。除去は、ヒトまたは動物の消費の目的、または環境改善の目的であってもよい。具体的な用途としては、使用時フィルタ、エントリー時フィルタ、ポータブルフィルター、自治体の飲料水濾過、自治体の廃棄物濾過、産業廃棄物濾過が挙げられる。いくつかの実施形態では、本開示の吸着剤材料は、他の任意の吸着剤材料なしで単独で使用される。いくつかの実施形態では、本開示の吸着剤材料は、他の任意の吸着剤材料と組み合わせて使用される。
[実施例]
Claims (12)
- 液体または気体からペルフルオロアルキルおよびポリフルオロアルキル物質(PFAS)を除去する方法であって、前記方法が、
約0.5重量%~約25重量%のマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウムまたはその組み合わせもしくは化合物のイオン、塩、酸化物、水酸化物、または炭酸塩を含む第一の吸着剤材料を提供して、それによって前記イオン、塩、酸化物、水酸化物、または炭酸塩を含まない吸着剤材料に対して、ペルフルオロアルキルおよびポリフルオロアルキル物質(PFAS)に対する吸着剤材料の吸着能力を増加させること、ならびに
前記第一の吸着剤材料を、前記PFASを含有する液体または気体と接触させることを含み、
前記第一の吸着剤材料は、炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、およびカーボンブラックのうちの一つまたは複数を含む、方法。 - 前記炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、またはカーボンブラックが、瀝青炭、亜瀝青炭、褐炭、無煙炭、木、木材、木材チップ、おがくず、ピート、木の実の殻、ピット、ヤシ殻、ババスーヤシの実、マカダミアナッツ、デンデナッツ、桃の種、サクランボの種、オリーブの種、クルミの殻、木材、リグニン、ポリマー、窒素含有ポリマー、樹脂、石油系ピッチ、バガス、籾殻、トウモロコシの皮、麦殻およびもみ殻、グラフェン、カーボンナノチューブ、またはポリマー繊維のうちの少なくとも一つから形成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、再活性炭である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、再凝集された活性炭である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 炭素質チャー、活性炭、再活性炭、カーボンブラック、天然ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、シリカ、シリカゲル、アルミナ、アルミナ粘土、ジルコニア、珪藻土、または金属酸化物のうちの一つまたは複数を含む第二の吸着剤材料を提供すること、および、
前記第二の吸着剤材料を、前記PFASを含有する液体または気体と接触させること、をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、マグネシウムの酸化物、カルシウムの酸化物、ストロンチウムの酸化物、またはバリウムの酸化物のうちの一つまたは複数を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、MgOまたはCaOのうちの一つまたは複数を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料のイオン、塩、酸化物、水酸化物、または炭酸塩が、乾燥混合、湿潤含浸、化学蒸着、または物理蒸着のうちの一つまたは複数によって前記第一の吸着剤材料に含まれる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、約1重量%~約20重量%のマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、またはそれらの組み合わせもしくは化合物のイオン、塩、酸化物、水酸化物、または炭酸塩を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、約2重量%~約8重量%のマグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、またはそれらの組み合わせもしくは化合物のイオン、塩、酸化物、または炭酸塩を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の吸着剤材料が、カルシウム、マグネシウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、および亜鉛のイオン、酸化物、炭酸塩を含む再活性炭であり、前記再活性炭は、カルシウム、マグネシウム、ナトリウム、カリウムおよび亜鉛のイオン、酸化物、または炭酸塩を除去またはその量を減少させるいかなる工程にも供されていない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記再活性炭は、カルシウム、マグネシウム、ナトリウムおよび亜鉛のイオン、酸化物、または炭酸塩を除去またはその量を減少させるいかなる酸洗浄にも供されていない、請求項11に記載の方法。
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