JP5976652B2 - 髄膜炎菌orf2086抗原の非脂質化変異体 - Google Patents
髄膜炎菌orf2086抗原の非脂質化変異体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
配列番号1は、N末端Cysをコードするコドンを含む、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)、血清群B、2086変異体A04の遺伝子のDNA配列を示す。
本明細書において用いられる場合、単数形「a」、「an」、および「the」は、文脈から別のことが明らかに示されない限り、複数形の言及を含む。したがって、例えば、「方法」への言及は、1つもしくは複数の方法、ならびに/または、本明細書において記載されるタイプのおよび/もしくは本開示などを読んで当業者に明らかになるタイプのステップを含む。
本発明は、P2086の非脂質化変異体の特定の製剤および投与スケジュールが、例えば、Fletcherら、Infection & Immunity.Vol.72(4):2088〜2100(2004)において記載されているような、P2086のこれまでの製剤よりも高い殺菌性抗体の力価を誘発するという新規な発見に基づく。あるいは、本発明は、P2086の非脂質化変異体の特定の製剤および投与スケジュールが、脂質化LP2086変異体の市販の製剤よりも高い殺菌性抗体の力価を誘発するという新規な発見に基づく。しかし、脂質化LP2086の市販の製剤が現在は入手不可能であり得ることに留意されたい。より高い応答比率(ベースラインに対するSBA力価の4倍以上の増大によって規定される)が、脂質化rLP2086ワクチンと比較して、非脂質化rP2086変異体を含有するワクチンで観察された。非脂質化P2086変異体の製剤は、類似の(92%を超えるID)および多様な(92%未満のID)LP2086配列の両方を有する株を含むより広範な株に対して、殺菌性抗体を誘発した。
本発明者らは、驚くべきことに、単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを発見した。本発明者らはさらに、このポリペプチドが、予想外に免疫原性であり、殺菌性の免疫応答を誘発し得ることを発見した。
好ましい実施形態において、単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む、本明細書において記載される組成物は、免疫原性である。髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)ORF2086のヌクレオチド配列によってコードされるタンパク質を含む免疫原性組成物は、当技術分野において知られている。典型的な免疫原性組成物には、参照することによってその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、WO2003/063766および米国特許出願公開第US20060257413号および米国特許出願公開第US20090202593号において記載されているものが含まれる。これらの文献において記載されるこのような免疫原性組成物は、ORF2086タンパク質として同定される、殺菌活性を示すタンパク質、その免疫原性部分、および/またはその生物学的同等物を含む。ORF2086タンパク質とは、ナイセリア(Neisseria)種のオープンリーディングフレーム2086によってコードされるタンパク質を言う。
本明細書において記載される免疫原性組成物はまた、特定の実施形態において、1つまたは複数のアジュバントを含む。アジュバントは、免疫原または抗原と共に投与された場合に免疫応答を増強させる物質である。限定はしないが、インターロイキン1−α、1−β、2、4、5、6、7、8、10、12(例えば、米国特許第5,723,127号を参照されたい)、13、14、15、16、17、および18(およびその突然変異形態)、インターフェロン−α、β、およびγ、顆粒球マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(GM−CSF)(例えば、米国特許第5,078,996号およびATCC受託番号39900を参照されたい)、マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(M−CSF)、顆粒球コロニー刺激因子(G−CSF)、ならびに腫瘍壊死因子αおよびβを含む、多くのサイトカインまたはリンホカインが、免疫調節活性を有することが示されており、したがって、アジュバントとして有用である。
1つの態様において、本発明は、ピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを産生する方法に関する。本方法は、対応する野生型配列と比較してN末端システインが欠失しているORF2086ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を発現させることを含み、このヌクレオチド配列は、細菌細胞において発現され得る発現系に作動可能に連結している。本方法によって産生される典型的なポリペプチドには、本明細書において記載されるあらゆるポリペプチドが含まれる。例えば、好ましくは、ポリペプチドは、対応する野生型配列と比較して1位のシステインが欠失している、配列番号12、配列番号13、配列番号14、配列番号15、配列番号16、配列番号17、配列番号18、配列番号19、配列番号20、配列番号21で示されるアミノ酸配列を有する。さらなる典型的なポリペプチドには、配列番号44、配列番号49、配列番号50、配列番号55、配列番号57、配列番号62、および配列番号64から選択されるアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチドが含まれる。本方法はさらに、ポリペプチドを精製することを含む。
特定の実施形態において、本発明の免疫原性組成物はさらに、アジュバント、緩衝液、凍結保護物質、塩、二価陽イオン、非イオン性洗剤、フリーラジカル酸化の阻害剤、希釈剤、または担体の少なくとも1つを含む。
本発明の免疫原性組成物は、単位用量形態または多用量形態(例えば、2回用量、4回用量、またはそれ以上)にパッケージすることができる。多用量形態では、バイアルが典型的であるが、充填済みシリンジよりも必ずしも好ましいというわけではない。適切な多用量フォーマットには、限定はしないが、容器当たり2から10回用量で、用量当たり0.1から2mLのものが含まれる。特定の実施形態において、用量は0.5mL用量である。例えば、参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれる、国際特許出願WO2007/127668を参照されたい。
血清殺菌アッセイ
カニクイザル(Cynomolgus macaques)(n=5/群)を、AlPO4に吸着させたrLP2086タンパク質またはrP2086(A+B)タンパク質を用いて筋肉内で免疫化した。カニクイザルは、非ヒト霊長類の例である。動物に、0週目、4週目、および24週目にワクチン接種し、ORF2086特異的IgGおよび機能的抗体の力価を、0週目、4週目、6週目、および26週目に決定した。血清のORF2086特異的IgGの力価を、rLP2086AおよびBに対して決定した。
髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)株M98250771(A05)の残基27〜286に対応する成熟P2086アミノ酸配列は、ゲノムDNAからのPCR増幅に元々由来するものであった。配列TGCCATATGAGCAGCGGAAGCGGAAG(配列番号22)を有するフォワードプライマーは、5’配列にアニーリングされ、クローニングのためのNdeI部位を含有していた。配列CGGATCCCTACTGTTTGCCGGCGATGC(配列番号23)を有するリバースプライマーは、遺伝子の3’末端にアニーリングされ、制限部位BamHIの前にある終結コドンTAGを含有していた。799bpの増幅断片をまず、中間ベクターPCR2.1(Invitrogen、Carlesbac、CA)内にクローニングした。このプラスミドをNdeIおよびBamHIで切断し、NdeIおよびBamHIで切断されている発現ベクターpET9a(Novagen、Madison、WI)内にライゲーションした。得られたベクターpLA100(これは配列番号54を含む)は、脂質化タンパク質内に存在するN末端システインを有さない株M98250771(1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号13、または配列番号55を参照されたい)から、成熟サブファミリーA05 P2086を発現した。BLR(DE3)大腸菌(E.coli)宿主株[F−ompT hsdSB(rB−mB−)gal dcmΔ(srl−recA)306::Tn10(TetR)(DE3)](Novagen)を用いて、fHBPの発現を得た。
非脂質化プラスミド構築物は強力に発現されたが、非脂質化タンパク質変異体は、N末端Cys残基でピルビル化されていた。例えば構築物を発現させる方法を説明する、実施例8および9を参照されたい。このピルビル化を克服するために、N末端Cysコドンを欠失させた。例えば実施例10を参照されたい。N末端Cysの欠失は、しかし、A22変異体およびB22変異体の発現を無効にした。例えば図4を参照されたい。A05変異体、B01変異体、およびB44変異体は、しかし、N末端Cys残基が欠失しているにもかかわらず、依然として発現した。例えば、1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号13(A05)、配列番号35(B01のN末端)、および1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号21(B44)を参照されたい。例えば図5を参照されたい。さらに、非脂質化B09変異体の発現は、N末端Cys残基の欠失によって影響されなかった。例えば実施例4を参照されたい。
なぜA05変異体、B01変異体、およびB44変異体がN末端Cysの不存在下で発現し、A22変異体およびB22変異体が発現しなかったのかを解明するために、これらの変異体の配列をアラインした。A05変異体、B01変異体、およびB44変異体は全て、N末端Cysの直後の、伸長した一連の10個または11個のGly残基およびSer残基(すなわちGly/Serストーク)を有している。A22変異体およびB22変異体は、しかし、6個のGly残基およびSer残基からなるGly/Serストークを有していたにすぎない。したがって、A22変異体およびB22変異体のGly/Serストークを、さらなるGly残基およびSer残基の挿入によって拡張した。
非脂質化B09変異体の発現は、N末端Cys残基の欠失によって影響されなかった(1位のシステインが欠失している配列番号18、または配列番号49を参照されたい)。例えば図6を参照されたい。B09変異体の配列の評価は、B09変異体が、A22変異体およびB22変異体のGly/Serストークと同様に、6個のGly残基およびSer残基からなるGly/Serストークを有することを示した。実際、B09変異体およびA22変異体のN末端尾部は、アミノ酸レベルで同一である。B09変異体およびA22変異体(それぞれ配列番号53および42)のN末端尾部は、しかし、核酸レベルで、2つの核酸、すなわち配列番号8の核酸15および39が異なる。例えば図6を参照されたい。B22変異体のN末端尾部の最初の14個のアミノ酸は、B09変異体およびA22変異体に同一であり、B22変異体のN末端尾部は、15番目のアミノ酸で異なるにすぎない。B22変異体の核酸1〜42は、A22変異体の核酸1〜42に同一である。B22変異体(配列番号52を参照されたい)の核酸1〜42は、最適にアラインした場合、B09(配列番号53を参照されたい)の核酸1〜42に同一であるが、核酸15および39で異なる。したがって、B22変異体は、B09変異体と、配列番号8のアミノ酸15および39で異なる。この最後の文は誤植を含んでおり、B22変異体がB09変異体と配列番号8の核酸15および39で異なることを述べるものである。
ATGAGCTCTGGAGGTGGAGGAAGCGGGGGCGGTGGA(配列番号28)
MSSGGGGSGGGG(配列番号29)
ATGAGCTCTGGAAGCGGAAGCGGGGGCGGTGGA(配列番号30)
MSSGSGSGGGG(配列番号31)
ATGAGCTCTGGAGGTGGAGGA(配列番号32)
MSSGGGG(配列番号33)
ATGAGCAGCGGGGGCGGTGGA(配列番号34)
MSSGGGG(配列番号33)
ISCOMATRIX製剤ワクチンは、迅速な免疫応答を生じさせ、その結果、血清殺菌アッセイにおいて測定される4倍を超える応答比率を達成するために必要な投与の数が低減する。5頭のアカゲザルからなる群を、二価の非脂質化rP2086ワクチンの異なる製剤で免疫化した。ワクチンは、ピルビル化されていない非脂質化A05変異体(1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号13、または配列番号54によってコードされる配列番号55)およびピルビル化されていない非脂質化B44変異体(1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号21、または配列番号51によってコードされる配列番号44)を含んでいた。アジュバント単位は以下の通りである:AlPO4は250mcgであり、ISCOMATRIXは10mcgと100mcgとの間である。表2〜5において示されるAlPO4のアジュバント単位はミリグラム単位で示され、したがって、250mcgに対して0.25(ミリグラム)と示される。
組換えによって発現される非脂質化P2086変異体(B44)は、多様なfHBP変異体(約85%から約92%未満のID)のLP2086配列を示す株に対するSBAによって測定される広範な防御を誘発する。これらの応答比率を、AlPO4と共に製剤された非脂質化ワクチンについて得た。二価のfHBPワクチンによって生じたサブファミリーB fHBP MnB株に対するSBA応答比率を示す表6を参照されたい。非脂質化ワクチン(「脂質化」の欄の下の「−」によって表される)は、タンパク質当たり1mcgの、ピルビル化されていない非脂質化A05変異体(1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号13)およびピルビル化されていない非脂質化B44変異体(1位のN末端Cysが欠失している配列番号21)を含んでいた。
先の実施例において達成された発現レベルは多くの適用に適切であるが、さらなる最適化が望ましく、タンパク質の完全長にわたるさらなるコドン最適化を含有する大腸菌(E.coli)発現構築物を調製および試験した。Cysを有さないB44タンパク質の発現のための1つのこのような改良された配列は、配列番号43で示される核酸配列であることが見出された。実施例9において示されるように、配列番号43を含有する発現構築物は、最適化されていない野生型配列の発現と比較して増強した発現を示した。
大腸菌(E.coli)K−12株(recA、fhuA、およびaraAの欠失を有する野生型W3110(CGSC4474)の誘導体)の細胞を、配列番号45を含むプラスミドpEB063、配列番号46を含むpEB064、配列番号47を含むプラスミドpEB065、または配列番号48を含むプラスミドpLA134で形質転換した。K−12株に対する好ましい修飾は、発酵目的に有用であるが、タンパク質の発現に必要ではない。
大腸菌(E.coli)B株(BLR(DE3)、Novagen)の細胞を、配列番号51を含むプラスミドpLN056で形質転換した。大腸菌(E.coli)K−12株(野生型W3110の誘導体)の細胞を、配列番号43を含むプラスミドpDK087で形質転換した。細胞を、グルコース−塩規定培地に接種した。37℃で8時間インキュベートした後、線状グルコース流加物をアプライし、インキュベーションをさらに3時間続けた。イソプロピルβ−D−1−チオガラクトピラノシド(IPTG)を0.1mMの最終濃度まで培養物に添加し、その後、37℃で12時間インキュベートした。細胞を、16,000×gで10分間にわたる遠心分離によって回収し、Lienco Technologies(St.Louis、MO)から入手したEasy−Lyse(商標)Cell Lysing Kit”、およびローディングバッファーを添加することによって溶解した。上清を、SDS−PAGEゲルのクマシー染色および/またはウェスタンブロット分析によってB09の発現について分析し、走査デンシトメーターによって定量した。走査デンシトメトリーの結果を以下の表8に示す。
本実施例は、非脂質化ORF2086タンパク質のN末端Cys残基が、例えば大腸菌(E.coli)において発現した場合にピルビル化され得ることを示す。
5〜10群のアカゲザルを、用量当たり250mcgのAlPO4と共に製剤されたB09変異体(配列番号48によってコードされる配列番号49)またはB44変異体(配列番号43によってコードされる配列番号44)、またはA05、B09、およびB44(それぞれ、配列番号55、配列番号48によってコードされる配列番号49、および配列番号43によってコードされる配列番号44)で免疫化した。サルを、表9および10において列挙されているような単独のまたは組み合わせた各10mcgの非脂質化fHBPで、0週目、4週目、および8週目に、筋肉内経路を介してワクチン接種した。0週目および12週目の両方で、血清試料を、サブファミリーAまたはサブファミリーBのfHBP変異体を用いるMnB株に対するSBAにおいて分析した。レスポンダーを、力価が4倍上昇した動物として記録した。試験したB44変異体は、最適化された構築物(配列番号43)であり、これまでの研究(上記の表)において観察された広い応答比率は、最適化された構築物(表9)である単独のまたはB09と組み合わされたB44ワクチンについて維持された。B09ワクチン単独(表10)もまた、広く交差反応性の免疫応答を生じさせ得た(表10)。
Charles River Canadaから入手した、2.5〜3.5kgの、20頭のメスのニュージーランドホワイトウサギを、全細胞ELISAによってプレスクリーニングし、10頭の動物を、fHBP変異体B02(配列番号16)およびB44(配列番号21)を示す試験株に対するそれらの低いバックグラウンド力価に基づいて、この研究のために選択した(表11)。3頭の動物からなる群を、0週目、4週目、および9週目に、0.5ml用量当たり50μgのISCOMATRIXと共に製剤された100μgの各タンパク質でi.m.で免疫化した(表12)。群1を、非脂質化B44(配列番号44)でワクチン接種した。対照群には、AlPO4(250mcg)と共に製剤された脂質化B01でワクチン接種されたものが含まれた。ウサギを、0週目、4週目、9週目、および10週目に採血した。10週目の個別の血清を調製し、fHBP Bサブファミリーの複数の血清群Bの髄膜炎菌株に対する血清殺菌アッセイによって分析した。
5頭のウサギからなる群を、表14において記載されているように非脂質化fHBP変異体で免疫化した。ワクチンを、0週目、4週目、および9週目に投与した。0週目および10週目に回収されたウサギの血清試料を、相同なおよび異種のfHBP配列を有する株に対するSBAによって分析した。表14は、3回目の免疫化の後のレスポンダーパーセントを示す。3回目の免疫化(10週目)の1週間後、全ての血清試料は、相同な株および同一のfHBPサブファミリーの他の試験株に対して殺菌活性を示した。ウサギの採血前の血清は、全体として、試験した株に対して既存の殺菌活性を示さなかった。
a)アルミニウムアジュバント、
b)サポニン、
c)CpGヌクレオチド配列、ならびに
d)a)、b)、およびc)のあらゆる組み合わせ
からなる群から選択される、C5に記載の免疫原性組成物。
a)アルミニウムアジュバント、
b)サポニン、
c)CpGヌクレオチド配列、ならびに
d)a)、b)、およびc)のあらゆる組み合わせ
からなる群から選択される、C41に記載の方法。
a)ORF2086変異体の核酸配列を大腸菌(E.coli)発現ベクター内にクローニングするステップ、
b)細菌をORF2086発現ベクターで形質転換するステップ、
c)発現を誘発するステップ、および
d)発現したP2086タンパク質を単離するステップ
を含み、ORF2086発現ベクターが脂質化制御配列を含まない方法。
Claims (26)
- 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが、1位のシステインが欠失している、配列番号13、配列番号18、配列番号21および配列番号58からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列からなる、
組成物。 - 免疫原性である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリペプチドが、対応する野生型の非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドと比較して、N末端Cysの欠失を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが、配列番号44、配列番号49、配列番号50、および配列番号55からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列からなる、組成物。 - 前記ポリペプチドが、発現系に作動可能に連結したヌクレオチド配列によってコードされ、前記発現系が、細菌細胞において発現され得る、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 発現系がプラスミド発現系である、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 細菌細胞が大腸菌(E.coli)細胞である、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- ヌクレオチド配列が、前記ヌクレオチド配列の発現を制御する調節配列に連結している、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが、対応する野生型の非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドと比較して、配列番号13、配列番号18、配列番号58、配列番号21からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列のN末端Cysの置換を含む、組成物。 - 1位のシステインが欠失している、配列番号13、配列番号18、配列番号21、および配列番号58からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列であって、細菌細胞において発現され得る発現系に作動可能に連結しているヌクレオチド配列を発現させるステップを含むプロセスによって得ることが可能なピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物。
- 細菌細胞が大腸菌(E.coli)である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 配列番号49で示されるアミノ酸配列からなる単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチド、および配列番号44で示されるアミノ酸配列からなる単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物。
- 免疫原性である、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 血清群Bの髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)のORF2086サブファミリーAポリペプチドをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 血清群Bの髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)のORF2086サブファミリーBポリペプチドに対する、哺乳動物における殺菌性の免疫応答を誘発する、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 哺乳動物において血清群Bの髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)のORF2086サブファミリーBに特異的な殺菌性抗体を誘発するための、配列番号44および配列番号49からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列からなる、単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物。
- 血清群Bの髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)のORF2086サブファミリーBポリペプチドを含む免疫原性組成物であって、前記ポリペプチドがピルビル化されていない非脂質化B44であり、
前記ピルビル化されていない非脂質化B44は配列番号44のアミノ酸配列のポリペプチドである、
免疫原性組成物。 - 血清群Bの髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)の第2のORF2086サブファミリーBポリペプチドをさらに含み、第2のポリペプチドがピルビル化されていない非脂質化B09であり、
前記ピルビル化されていない非脂質化B09は配列番号49のアミノ酸配列のポリペプチドである、
請求項17に記載の組成物。 - 3つ以下のORF2086サブファミリーBポリペプチドを含む、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 2つ以下のORF2086サブファミリーBポリペプチドを含む、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- ORF2086サブファミリーAポリペプチドをさらに含む、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 配列番号55のアミノ酸配列である、A05サブファミリーAポリペプチドを含む、請求項21に記載の組成物。
- 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが1位のシステインが欠失している配列番号13のアミノ酸配列を有する、
組成物。 - 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが1位のシステインが欠失している配列番号18のアミノ酸配列を有する、
組成物。 - 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが1位のシステインが欠失している配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を有する、
組成物。 - 単離されたピルビル化されていない非脂質化ORF2086ポリペプチドを含む組成物であって、
前記ポリペプチドが1位のシステインが欠失している配列番号58のアミノ酸配列を有する、
組成物。
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