JP5499455B2 - SOI(Silicononinsulator)構造の半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
SOI(Silicononinsulator)構造の半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5499455B2 JP5499455B2 JP2008261781A JP2008261781A JP5499455B2 JP 5499455 B2 JP5499455 B2 JP 5499455B2 JP 2008261781 A JP2008261781 A JP 2008261781A JP 2008261781 A JP2008261781 A JP 2008261781A JP 5499455 B2 JP5499455 B2 JP 5499455B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 231
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005136 cathodoluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 90
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910008045 Si-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006411 Si—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 Ar ions Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001505 atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/7624—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology
- H01L21/76251—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques
- H01L21/76256—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques using silicon etch back techniques, e.g. BESOI, ELTRAN
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- H01L21/76264—SOI together with lateral isolation, e.g. using local oxidation of silicon, or dielectric or polycristalline material refilled trench or air gap isolation regions, e.g. completely isolated semiconductor islands
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- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/7624—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology
- H01L21/76264—SOI together with lateral isolation, e.g. using local oxidation of silicon, or dielectric or polycristalline material refilled trench or air gap isolation regions, e.g. completely isolated semiconductor islands
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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Description
本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。図1は、本実施形態にかかるSOI構造の半導体装置の断面図である。この図を参照して、本実施形態のSOI構造の半導体装置の構成について説明する。
デバイスが形成される活性層3を構成するための単結晶シリコン基板20を用意する。このシリコン基板20としては、例えば、CZ基板で導電型n型(ドープ材:リン)のシリコンよりなる基板で、結晶面方位が<100>であり、抵抗率1〜50Ωcmのものを用いる。
シリコン基板20の所望の深さにゲッタリングサイトとして機能する格子歪み層4を形成する。例えば、シリコン基板20の表面に熱酸化により厚さ20nmの熱酸化膜21を形成し、200keV以下(例えば、100keV)の電圧を印加してArイオンをドーズ量を5×1012/cm2以上かつ3×1014/cm2未満(例えば、1×1014atoms/cm2)でイオン注入する。
シリコン基板20を希フッ酸溶液中に浸漬して表面の熱酸化膜21をエッチング除去する。
シリコン基板20と同一表面積を有する支持基板側の単結晶シリコンよりなるシリコン基板1を用意し、このシリコン基板1の表面に熱酸化により0.1〜5.0μm、好ましくは0.5〜3.0μmの厚さの酸化膜22を形成する。
格子歪み層4を形成したシリコン基板20と酸化膜22を有するシリコン基板1をSC1洗浄液で洗浄し、格子歪み層4を形成した側のシリコン面と酸化膜22が密着するように2つの基板1、20を重ね合わせて密着させる。次に、酸素又は窒素雰囲気中において900〜1200℃で30〜120分間熱処理して、シリコン面及び酸化膜22を介して2つの基板を強固に貼り合わせる。これにより、酸化膜22にてシリコン基板20とシリコン基板1との間に埋め込まれた埋込絶縁層2が構成される。
格子歪み層4を形成した活性層3を構成するためのシリコン基板20の表面を研磨して0.5〜数十μm、好ましくは5〜20μmの厚さにするとともに平滑化する。これにより、シリコン基板20にて活性層3が構成される。このようにして、SOI基板100が完成し、この後、このSOI基板100を用いてSOI構造の半導体装置を形成する。なお、本実施形態では、支持基板側のシリコン基板に埋込絶縁層2とする酸化膜22を形成することとしたが、活性層3を構成するシリコン基板20に形成した酸化膜21を埋込絶縁層2としても良いし、両方のシリコン基板1、20に酸化膜22を形成して貼り合わせても良い。
活性層3の表面を厚さ40nm程度の熱酸化膜31で覆い、この熱酸化膜31の上にフォトレジスト32を成膜する。そして、フォトリソグラフィ工程にてフォトレジスト32のうちのp型ウェル層5の形成予定領域を開口させたのち、フォトレジスト32をマスクとして例えば240keVのエネルギーでボロンを2×1013cm-2程度イオン注入することにより、選択的にボロンを注入する。
フォトレジスト32の残部を除去したのち、窒素雰囲気にて例えば1150℃で90分間熱処理を行って注入されたボロンを拡散する。これにより、p型ウェル層5を形成される。
熱酸化膜31の上にSi3N4膜(図示せず)をLP−CVD方法でおよそ150〜200nmの厚さ堆積する。このSi3N4膜にフォトレジスト(図示せず)を成膜したのち、フォトリソグラフィ工程にてフォトレジストのうちのトレンチ絶縁分離構造6の形成予定領域を開口させ、フォトレジストを用いてSi3N4膜および熱酸化膜31をドライエッチングにて選択的に除去する。これにより、Si3N4膜および熱酸化膜31のうち、各々の素子形成領域を別区画に絶縁分離できる所望の位置を選択的に除去して活性層3を露出させることができる。
ドープトPoly−Si膜を堆積したのち、これをパターニングしてゲート電極11を形成する。すなわち、ドープトPoly−Si膜の上にフォトレジストを成膜したのち、フォトリソグラフィ工程にてフォトレジストのうちのゲート電極11の形成予定領域を残してそれ以外を除去し、フォトレジストをマスクとしたドライエッチングにより、ドープトPoly−Si膜を所望の位置に選択的に残存させてゲート電極11を形成する。そして、更にゲート電極11をマスクとしてウェルと異なる導電型となる不純物をイオン注入したのち、窒素雰囲気中で熱処理することにより、n+型ソース領域8およびn+型ドレイン領域9を形成する。これにより、NchMOSFETが形成される。
ゲート電極11を含む基板表面全域に層間絶縁膜12を形成したのち、フォトリソグラフィ工程により層間絶縁膜12に対してコンタクトホール12aを形成する。そして、層間絶縁膜12の上に金属層を成膜したのち、これをパターニングすることにより、コンタクトホール12aを通じてゲート電極11やn+型ソース領域8およびn+型ドレイン領域9に電気的に接続された配線13を形成する。その後、パッシベーション膜14を形成することにより、SOI構造の半導体装置が完成する。
内部応力[MPa]=−0.78X+22.8Y−18.5
したがって、格子歪み層4に発生する引張り応力の下限値が上記数式で規定される内部応力以上となるようにすること、つまり次の数式2を満たすことで、ゲッタリング能力を確実に得ることが可能となる。なお、内部応力を絶対値として表しているが、引張り応力側をマイナスの内部応力として表しているためである。
格子歪み層4の引張り応力[MPa]≧|−0.78X+22.8Y−18.5|
また、格子歪み層4に発生する引張り応力の上限値についても、同様のことが言える。これについても同様のことが言え、次の数式3を満たすことにより、リーク電流を効果的に抑制することが可能となる。なお、本式は、上記下限値を規定する式に対して、活性層3の厚みを5μmとし、埋込絶縁層2の厚みを0.5μmとしたときの下限値11MPaと上限値27MPaの差を数式2に加味したものである。
格子歪み層4の引張り応力[MPa]≦|−0.78X+22.8Y−34.5|
さらに、PN接合部のリーク電流と結晶欠陥との関係を調べるべく、Arイオンのドーズ量を変化させることにより格子歪み層4における結晶欠陥のサイズを調整し、この結晶欠陥のサイズとPN接合部のリーク電流の発生の有無について調べた。図8は、その結果を調べた図であり、図8(a)はArイオンのドーズ量とPN接合部のリーク電流の関係を示したグラフ、図8(b)〜(d)は、Arイオンのドーズ量と格子歪み層4中の結晶欠陥のサイズの関係を示した図である。
本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第1実施形態に対してp型ウェル層5とは別に不純物拡散領域を形成するものであり、その他に関しては第1実施形態と同様であるため、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第1実施形態に対してp型ウェル層5を無くしたものであり、その他に関しては第1実施形態と同様であるため、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
本発明の第4実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、第1実施形態に対してp型ウェル層5を無くすと共に、活性層3を薄膜化した薄膜SOI構造を採用したものであり、その他に関してはほぼ第1実施形態と同様であるため、異なる部分についてのみ説明する。
上記実施形態では、SOI基板100の製造方法として、図2に示す製造工程を例に挙げて説明したが、SOI基板100の製造方法自体は従来より知られている様々な手法(例えば、特開2000−332021号公報に記載されている手法)のいずれを用いても良い。
Claims (7)
- シリコン単結晶からなるシリコン基板(1)と、第1導電型のシリコン単結晶からなる活性層(3)と、前記シリコン基板(1)と前記活性層(3)との間に埋め込まれた埋込絶縁層(2)とを有してなるSOI基板(100)と、
前記SOI基板(100)における前記活性層(3)内の表層部に第2導電型層(5、8、9)が形成されることにより、第1導電型で構成された前記活性層(3)と第2導電型の前記第2導電型層(5、8、9)とによるPN接合が備えられたSOI構造の半導体装置であって、
前記活性層(3)には、該活性層(3)を構成するシリコンの結晶格子が歪むことにより構成され、ゲッタリングサイトとして機能する格子歪み層(4)が備えられており、
前記格子歪み層(4)は、カソードルミネセンス法で分析した波長λが1535nmのときのD1線の発光強度のピーク値をD1線ピーク強度とし、波長λが1130nmであるT0線の発光強度のピーク値をT0線ピーク強度とした場合に、T0線ピーク強度に対するD1線ピーク強度の比が1/3以下であることを特徴とするSOI構造の半導体装置。 - シリコン単結晶からなるシリコン基板(1)と、第1導電型のシリコン単結晶からなる活性層(3)と、前記シリコン基板(1)と前記活性層(3)との間に埋め込まれた埋込絶縁層(2)とを有してなるSOI基板(100)と、
前記SOI基板(100)における前記活性層(3)内の表層部に第2導電型層(5、8、9)が形成されることにより、第1導電型で構成された前記活性層(3)と第2導電型の前記第2導電型層(5、8、9)とによるPN接合が備えられたSOI構造の半導体装置であって、
前記活性層(3)には、該活性層(3)を構成するシリコンの結晶格子が歪むことにより構成され、ゲッタリングサイトとして機能する格子歪み層(4)が備えられており、
前記格子歪み層(4)は、カソードルミネセンス法で分析した波長λが1279nmのときのGcenter線の発光強度のピーク値をGcenter線ピーク強度とし、波長λが1130nmであるT0線の発光強度のピーク値をT0線ピーク強度とした場合に、T0線ピーク強度に対するD1線ピーク強度の比が5/7以下であることを特徴とするSOI構造の半導体装置。 - シリコン単結晶からなるシリコン基板(1)と、第1導電型のシリコン単結晶からなる活性層(3)と、前記シリコン基板(1)と前記活性層(3)との間に埋め込まれた埋込絶縁層(2)とを有してなるSOI基板(100)と、
前記SOI基板(100)における前記活性層(3)内の表層部に第2導電型層(5、8、9)が形成されることにより、第1導電型で構成された前記活性層(3)と第2導電型の前記第2導電型層(5、8、9)とによるPN接合が備えられたSOI構造の半導体装置であって、
前記活性層(3)には、該活性層(3)を構成するシリコンの結晶格子が歪むことにより構成され、ゲッタリングサイトとして機能する格子歪み層(4)が備えられており、
前記格子歪み層(4)の内部に存在する結晶欠陥の平均の直径が15nm以下であることを特徴とするSOI構造の半導体装置。 - 前記格子歪み層(4)の内部に存在する結晶欠陥の平均の直径が0nmより大きく15nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のSOI構造の半導体装置。
- 前記活性層(3)には、前記第2導電型層としてウェル層(5)が形成されており、
前記活性層(3)のうち、前記ウェル層(5)が形成される素子形成領域とは別の非素子形成領域に、ボロンを拡散させた不純物拡散領域(40)が前記格子歪み層(4)とは別に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載のSOI構造の半導体装置。 - 前記不純物拡散領域(40)は、前記ウェル層(5)がp型とされている場合において、該ウェル層(5)よりもp型不純物濃度が高濃度とされていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のSOI構造の半導体装置。
- 前記不純物拡散領域(40)は、前記ボロンの不純物濃度が1×1018cm-3以上とされていることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載のSOI構造の半導体装置。
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