JP5048602B2 - 一連の堆積技術を用いる耐火性金属層を堆積する方法 - Google Patents
一連の堆積技術を用いる耐火性金属層を堆積する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5048602B2 JP5048602B2 JP2008181763A JP2008181763A JP5048602B2 JP 5048602 B2 JP5048602 B2 JP 5048602B2 JP 2008181763 A JP2008181763 A JP 2008181763A JP 2008181763 A JP2008181763 A JP 2008181763A JP 5048602 B2 JP5048602 B2 JP 5048602B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexafluoride Chemical compound F[W](F)(F)(F)(F)F NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 15
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012713 reactive precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 29
- MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH2]Cl MROCJMGDEKINLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910003915 SiCl2H2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 96
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIGRXSNSLVJMEA-FQEVSTJZSA-N ethoxy-(4-nitrophenoxy)-phenyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound O([P@@](=S)(OCC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 AIGRXSNSLVJMEA-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
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Description
本発明の実施形態は、半導体基板の処理に関する。より具体的には、本発明の実施形態は、半導体基板上の耐火性金属層の堆積に関する。
半導体処理産業は、より広い表面領域を有する基板上に堆積された層の均一性を高めつつ、大きい生産性歩留まりを得ようと努力し続けている。新しい材料との組合せにおいて、これらの同一ファクタは、また、基板単位面積当たりの回路の高集積を提供する。回路集積化が高まると、より高い均一性と、層の厚さに関するプロセス制御の必要性が増大する。その結果、層の特性にわたる制御を維持しつつ、費用効果的方法で基板上に層を堆積する為に様々な技術が開発されてきた。
本発明の実施形態は、基板表面上にタングステン層を形成する為の改善された方法を含む。一態様において、その方法は、処理チャンバ内に基板表面を位置決めするステップと、基板表面をホウ化物に晒すステップと、交互にタングステン含有化合物と、シラン(SiH4)、ジシラン(Si2H6)、ジクロルシラン(SiCl2H2)、その誘導体、更に、これらの組合せから成る群から選択された還元性ガスを律動的に送ることにより、核形成層を同一の処理チャンバ内で堆積するステップと、を含む。
処理の統合
前述されたようなタングステン核形成層は、優れた膜特性で特徴部を形成する為に伝統的なバルク充填技術を用いて統合されたとき、特別な有用性を示した。統合スキームは、バルク充填化学的気相堆積(CVD)、物理的気相堆積(PVD)処理を用いた周期的堆積核形成を含んでもよい。そのような統合スキームを実行できる統合処理システムは、Endula SL(登録商標)、Centura(登録商標)、Producer(登録商標)処理システムを含み、各々はカリフォルニア州サンタクララ市に所在するアプライドマテリアルズ社から利用可能である。これらの、どのシステムでも、核形成層を堆積する為に少なくとも一つの周期的堆積チャンバ、バルク充填の為に少なくとも一つのCVDチャンバ又はPVDチャンバを含むように構成可能である。
図4は、本願で説明された実施形態に従って堆積された核形成層を利用する例示的な金属酸化物ゲート装置400の横断面図を示す。装置400は、一般的に、スペーサ416により囲まれた、晒されたゲート410、基板表面412内に形成されたシリコンソース/ドレイン領域420を含む。スペーサ416は、通常、二酸化珪素のような酸化物、または、窒化ケイ素のような窒化物を含む。
図5は、トレンチ型コンデンサ530の頂部付近にトランジスタ520が位置決めされた従来のDRAM装置の横断面図である。DRAM装置510に対するアクセストランジスタ520は、トレンチ型コンデンサ530の頂部付近に位置決めされている。アクセストランジスタ520は、ソース領域522、ゲート領域524、ドレイン領域526を有するn−p−n型トランジスタを備えるのが好ましい。アクセストランジスタ520のゲート領域524は、P+基板を覆ってP−がドープされた、シリコンエピタキシャル層である。アクセストランジスタ520のソース領域522は、ゲート領域524の第1側部に堆積された、N+がドープされた材料であり、ドレイン領域526は、ゲート領域524の第2側部(ソース領域の反対側)に堆積された、N+がドープされた材料である。
圧力:約1トル
温度:約350℃
流量:1500sccmのB2H6、1500sccmのH2
持続期間:約10秒間
次に、タングステン核形成層は、前述した周期的堆積技術を使用して、バリア層上に形成された。核形成層の厚さは、約100Åであった。最後に、バルクタングステン層が、CVDを使用して約2500Åの厚さまで核形成層上に堆積された。結果として生じたタングステンバルク充填材は、約2%未満の均一なバラツキを示した。
圧力:約90トル
温度:約300℃
流量:100sccmのSiH4、500sccmのH2
持続期間:約60秒間
次に、タングステン核形成層は、前述した周期的堆積技術を使用して、バリア層上に形成された。核形成層の厚さは、約100Åであった。最後に、バルクタングステン層が、CVDを使用して約2500Åの厚さまで核形成層上に堆積された。結果として生じたタングステンバルク充填材は、約5%未満の均一なバラツキを示した。
Claims (21)
- 基板表面上に耐火性金属層を形成する方法であって:
基板上に堆積されたバリア層を処理チャンバ内でソーキング処理に晒すステップと;
前記基板を前記処理チャンバ内で第1及び第2の反応性ガスに連続的に晒すことにより、耐火性金属核形成層を前記バリア層上に形成するステップと;
気相堆積処理を採用することにより、バルク堆積層を前記耐火性金属核形成層上に形成して、前記第1及び第2の反応性ガスの1つに含まれる耐火性金属をバルク堆積するステップと;
を備え、前記耐火性金属核形成層を形成するステップは、前記基板を前記第1の反応性ガスに晒した後、該基板を前記第2の反応性ガスに晒す前に、パージガスを前記処理チャンバに導入するステップを更に備える、前記方法。 - 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をジボランに晒すステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をシランに晒すステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記バリア層は、チタン又は窒化チタンを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記耐火性金属核形成層を形成するステップは、次いで前記処理チャンバをポンピングしてガスを取り除くことにより、前記処理チャンバから前記第1の反応性ガスをパージするステップを更に備える、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記耐火性金属核形成層を形成するステップは、ジボランと耐火性金属化合物との交互の層を、前記基板上に形成するステップを備える、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記耐火性金属核形成層は、10Å〜100Åの範囲内の厚さを有する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記バルク堆積層は、化学的気相堆積処理又は物理的気相堆積処理を採用して堆積される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 基板表面上にタングステン含有材料を形成する方法であって:
基板上に堆積されたバリア層を処理チャンバ内でソーキング処理に晒すステップと;
原子層堆積処理の間、前記基板を前記処理チャンバ内で処理ガス及びタングステン含有ガスに連続的に晒すことにより、タングステン含有核形成層を形成するステップであって、前記処理ガスがホウ素含有ガス及び窒素含有ガスを含むステップと;
化学的気相堆積処理の間、前記基板を、前記タングステン含有ガス及び反応性前駆体ガスを含む堆積ガスに晒すことにより、前記タングステン含有核形成層の上にタングステンバルク層を形成するステップと;
を備え、前記タングステン含有核形成層を形成するステップは、前記原子層堆積処理の間、該基板を前記タングステン含有ガスに晒す前、前記基板を前記反応性ガスに晒した後に、パージガスを前記処理チャンバに導入するステップを更に備える、前記方法。 - 前記タングステン含有ガスはタングステン六フッ化物を含み、前記ホウ素含有ガスはジボランを含み、前記窒素含有ガスは二窒素を含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記タングステン含有核形成層は、前記基板上に堆積されたシリコン含有層の上に堆積される、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記タングステン含有核形成層は、10Å〜100Åの範囲内の厚さを有する、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記反応性前駆体ガスは、シラン、水素、アルゴン、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれるガスを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をジボランに晒すステップを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をシランに晒すステップを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記バリア層は、チタン又は窒化チタンを含む、請求項9記載の方法。
- 基板表面上にタングステン含有材料を形成する方法であって:
基板上に堆積されたバリア層を処理チャンバ内でソーキング処理に晒すステップと;
原子層堆積処理の間、前記基板をタングステン含有ガス、ジボラン、及び窒素含有ガスに連続的に晒すことにより、タングステン核形成層を前記バリア層上に形成するステップと;
化学的気相堆積処理の間、前記基板を、前記タングステン含有ガス及び反応性前駆体ガスを含む堆積ガスに晒すことにより、前記タングステン核形成層の上にタングステンバルク層を形成するステップと;
を備え、前記タングステン含有核形成層を形成するステップは、前記原子層堆積処理の間、該基板をジボラン及び前記窒素含有ガスに晒す前、前記基板を前記タングステン含有ガスに晒した後に、パージガスを前記処理チャンバに導入するステップを更に備える、前記方法。 - 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をジボランに晒すステップを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記ソーキング処理は、前記バリア層をシランに晒すステップを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記タングステン含有ガスはタングステン六フッ化物を含み、前記窒素含有ガスは二窒素を含む、請求項17記載の方法。
- 前記反応性前駆体ガスは、シラン、水素、アルゴン、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれるガスを含む、請求項17記載の方法。
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- 2002-10-10 US US10/268,195 patent/US6797340B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-10-10 WO PCT/US2002/032348 patent/WO2003031679A2/en active Application Filing
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KR20040050073A (ko) | 2004-06-14 |
US20030104126A1 (en) | 2003-06-05 |
WO2003031679B1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
US20040247788A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
US6797340B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 |
KR100978993B1 (ko) | 2010-08-30 |
US20060040052A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
WO2003031679A2 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
JP2005505690A (ja) | 2005-02-24 |
WO2003031679A3 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
JP4174424B2 (ja) | 2008-10-29 |
JP2008303466A (ja) | 2008-12-18 |
TW589684B (en) | 2004-06-01 |
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