JP3895775B2 - 自動販売機 - Google Patents
自動販売機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3895775B2 JP3895775B2 JP51096097A JP51096097A JP3895775B2 JP 3895775 B2 JP3895775 B2 JP 3895775B2 JP 51096097 A JP51096097 A JP 51096097A JP 51096097 A JP51096097 A JP 51096097A JP 3895775 B2 JP3895775 B2 JP 3895775B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vending machine
- transducer
- radiator
- panel
- machine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- H04R2307/201—Damping aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms by addition of additional damping means
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- H04R2440/00—Bending wave transducers covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2440/07—Loudspeakers using bending wave resonance and pistonic motion to generate sound
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- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
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Description
本発明は、自動販売機に関する。
発明の背景
英国特許出願公開第2262861号には、パネル式ラウドスピーカが提案されており、そのパネル式ラウドスピーカは、
2つの表皮材料と横方向のセル構造の離隔用コアとから形成され、全方向における撓み剛性(B)と単位表面積あたりのパネル質量の3乗(μ)との比が少なくとも10であるような、一体型サンドイッチパネルである共振マルチモード放射体要素と、
自由な非減衰状態で、前記パネルを支持し又は支持本体を前記パネルに取り付ける取り付け手段と、
ラウドスピーカの作用周波数帯域内での電気入力に応じて、前記放射体パネル内にマルチモード共振を励起させるよう作用する前記パネルに結合された電子機械式駆動手段と
から構成されている。
本発明の開示
本発明の実施例では、本件出願人による、本件出願と同日に出願されたPCT出願(PCT国際公開番号WO97/09842)の教示を実行することにより、一般的に又は特に達成可能な性質、構造および形状の部材を利用する。その部材は、厚さを横切る方向に多くの場合該部材のエッジまで延びる(しかし必ずしもエッジまで延びる必要はない)動作領域において、撓み波による入力振動エネルギーを維持し伝播する能力を有している。また、その部材は、周囲空気との音響的な結合を得るために、撓み剛性の異方性がある状態又はない状態で、前記動作領域にわたって共振モード振動成分を有効に分布させるように構成されている。その部材は、更に、トランスジューサ手段のために前記動作領域内に所定の優先位置または場所を有しており、詳細には、前記動作領域における音響振動運動と、該振動運動の音響内容に対応する(通常、電気的な)信号とに対して有効な作用的な能動部分すなわち可動部分を有する。この部材の用途は、本件出願日と同日に出願された本件出願人による国際特許出願(PCT国際公開番号WO97/09842)に見ることができ、トランスジューサ手段のない「受動」音響装置として、残響用に、音響フィルタ用に、または空間すなわち部屋において音響的に「音声を発する」等に用いられ、トランスジューサ手段の付いた「能動」音響装置としては、音へ変換される入力信号が供給されるとき極めて広いレンジの音源すなわちラウドスピーカ用に、又は音を受けて別の信号に変換されるマイクロホン用に用いられる。
本発明は、特に、自動販売機の動作の態様又はその内容に関する情報を提供するために、例えば、ラウドスピーカの形態の能動音響装置を組み込んだ自動販売機に関する。ここで、用語「自動販売機」とは、食品や飲料品等の販売だけでなく、チケットの販売機や、銀行の自動預入及び払出し機械、現金払出し機械等のものも含んでいる。
本発明は、詳細には、ラウドスピーカの形態の能動音響装置に関する。上記した部材は、本明細書においては、分布モード音響放射体と呼び、上述のPCT出願及び/または本明細書において詳細に記載するもので特徴づけられる。
本発明は、分配される物品又は製品のストア部と、分配される物品又は製品を選択するための、コイン投入機構と分配の認可機構等のユーザ操作手段と、分配用出口部とを備えた自動販売機であって、ラウドスピーカが設けられ、該ラウドスピーカが、分布モード音響放射体と、該放射体に全体的に且つ独占的に取付けられて、該放射体を振動させて放射体を共振させるトランスジューサとを備えていることを特徴とする自動販売機である。
自動販売機には、放射体によって形成される視覚的ディスプレイ手段を設けることができる。放射体は、セル状のコアと該コアをサンドイッチする一対の表皮とを有する剛性で軽量のパネルから構成できる。パネルはフレームによって包囲され得る。そのパネルは、弾性サスペンションによってフレームに取付けられ得る。
自動販売機は、本体を備えていて、フレームを、本体の上に又は本体と一体にし得る。
自動販売機には、入射音響エネルギーによる前記放射体の共振に応答して信号を生成するように、放射体に第2のトランスジューサが接続され得る。好ましくは、少なくとも2つの第2トランスジューサが、間隔をおいて設けられる。
更に別のトランスジューサが、入射音響エネルギーによる放射体の共振に応答して信号を生成するように、設けられ、該別のトランスジューサによって生成された信号を、前記第2トランスジューサによって生成された信号と比較する手段が設けられ得る。その比較手段は、信号受信器及び調整器と信号出力手段とを備えている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
本発明が、例示として、添付の図面に図示されている。
図1は、本件出願人による国際特許出願(本件出願人ケース番号P5711)に記載され請求された分布モードラウドスピーカを示す概略図である。
図2aは、図1の線A−Aに沿った部分断面図である。
図2bは、図2aに図示した種類の分布モード放射体の拡大横断面図であるが、2つの別の構造体が示されている。
図3は、本発明による、自動販売機の実施例の斜視図である。
図4は、図3の自動販売機の細部の部分横断面図である。
図5は、自動販売機の一部を修正した形態の斜視図である。
図6は、1つの形態のトランスジューサを示す斜視図である。
本発明を実施するための最良の形態
図1を参照すると、本出願と同日に出願された本件出願人による国際特許出願(PCT国際公開番号WO97/09842)に記載され請求された種類のパネル形状のラウドスピーカ(81)が図示されている。このラウドスピーカ(81)は、長方形のフレーム(1)を備え、そのフレームは内側周縁部のまわりに弾性サスペンション(3)を支持し、該弾性サスペンションが、分布モード音放射体パネル(2)を支持している。例えば、本願と同日に出願された本件出願人による国際特許出願(本件出願人ケース番号P.5683/5684/5685)を参照して詳細に記載するように、トランスジューサ(9)が、寸法xとyとにより定められる所定の位置に、パネル(2)上に又はパネル(2)内に全体が且つ独占的に取り付けられており、トランスジューサの場所の位置は、本出願と同日に出願された本件出願人による国際特許出願(PCT国際公開番号WO97/09842)に記載されたように計算され、撓み波をパネル内に発し、このパネルを共振させて音響出力を放射するようになっている。
トランスジューサ(9)は、導線(28)によりトランスジューサに接続された、例えばオーディオ増幅器のような、信号増幅器(10)により駆動される。増幅器の負荷やパワーの要件は、全く普通であり、感度が室内負荷状態で86〜88dB/ワットのオーダである従来のコーンスピーカに類似している。増幅器の負荷インピーダンスは、6オームの大きな抵抗であり、パワーは20〜80ワットである。パネルコアまたは表皮が金属から形成されている場合には、これらをトランスジューサのヒートシンクとして作用させてトランスジューサのモータコイルから熱を除去し、パワー処理を改善するように形成されているのが好ましい。
図2a及び図2bは、図1のラウドスピーカ(81)の部分的な典型的横断面図である。図2aは、フレーム(1)、包囲体(サスペンション)(3)及びパネル(2)が、それぞれ接着剤で結合された結合部(20)により、ともに結合されている。フレームに関する適切な材料は、軽量フレーム、例えばアルミニウム合金の押し出し金属またはプラスチックからなる絵画用フレームを含む。適当な包囲体材料には、発泡性ラバーすなわちフォームラバーおよび発泡性プラスチックすなわちフォームプラスチックのような弾性材料がある。結合部(20)に関する適当な接着剤は、エポキシ、アクリル、およびシアノ−アクリレート等の接着剤を含む。
図2bは、拡大図であって、パネル(2)がコア(22)を有する硬質の軽量パネルである点を示しており、コア(22)は、例えば架橋されたポリ塩化ビニルのような硬質のプラスチックフォーム(97)から成り、または、金属フォイルやプラスチック等のハネカム・マトリックスのセル状マトリックス(98)から成り、それらのセルは、パネルの平面に対し横方向に延び、且つ、例えばペーパ、カード、プラスチックまたは金属フォイルあるいはシートからなる対向する表皮(21)によって囲まれている。表皮がプラスチックから構成されている場合には、例えば、カーボン、グラス、ケブラー(登録商標)等からなる繊維で既知の手段で補強されて、表皮の剛性を高めるようになっているのがよい。
予想できる表皮材料と補強材は、カーボン、グラス、ケブラー(登録商標)、ノメックス(登録商標)すなわち様々な表皮および織物のアラミド等の繊維と、ペーパ、結合されたペーパ積層、メラミンおよびマイラー(登録商標)、カプタン(登録商標)、ポリカーボネート、フェノール類、ポリエステルまたはこれに関連するプラスチック、および繊維補強プラスチック等のような高硬質の様々な合成プラスチックフィルムおよび金属シートまたはフォイルを含む。液晶ポリマー熱可塑性樹脂のベクトラ(Vectra)グレードの研究では、この熱可塑性樹脂は、超薄表皮の射出成形、または約30cmの径までのより小さい大きさのシェルの射出成形に有効であることを示している。この材料自体が、射出の方向に配向した結晶構造を形成しており、駆動点からパネル周囲までの高音エネルギーを良好な状態で伝播するのに好ましい向きになる。
これの、及び他の熱可塑性樹脂に関する付加的なその成形により、成形用工具が、例えばモータコイルや磁気サスペンションのようなトランスジューサ部品を正確に位置決めするための溝またはリングのような、位置決めと整合の特徴を保持することができる。さらにいくつかのより脆いコア材料に関しては、例えばトランスジューサの直径の150%までの領域すなわち環状部において局部的に表皮の厚さを増大させることが有益であるように計算され、その領域を強化し、振動エネルギーをパネルへ有効に結合する。この手段によって、高周波数のレスポンスが、より柔軟なフォーム材料で改善される。
考えられるコア層の材料は、アルミニウム合金シート又はフォイルのハネカムまたはコルゲーション構造体、あるいは、ケブラー(登録商標)又はノメックス(登録商標)、普通の又は接合されたペーパ及び様々な合成プラスチックフィルム、発泡性プラスチックすなわちフォームプラスチック、又はパルプ材料、適度に低密度である場合にはエーロゲル金属をも含む。いくつかの適当なコア層材料は、これらの製造において、利用可能な自己表皮形成を有効に呈しているか、あるいは表皮層の間に積層しなくても、使用するのに十分な固有の剛性を有する。高性能なセル状コア材料が、登録商標「ロハセル(Rohacell)」としてが知られており、これは、放射体パネルとして適当であり、表皮はない。実際には、特にコア及び表皮層からの寄与とコア及び表皮層の間の遷移を最適なものとすることを含む特定の目的に適する全体的な軽量さと剛性をねらいとしている。
パネルに関するいくつかの好ましい配合物では、金属および金属合金の表皮、またはカーボン繊維補強材を用いる。これらの双方とも、および合金エーロゲルまたは金属ハネカムコアを備えた設計も、いくつかの電磁的(EMC)用途において重要となる実質的なラジオ周波数スクリーン特性を有する。従来のパネルまたはコアタイプのスピーカでは本質的に電磁スクリーン能力を有していない。
さらに、圧電形および電気力学形トランスジューサの好ましい形態では、電磁放射線または漂遊磁界は無視し得る程である。従来のスピーカでは、特有の補償対策手段がとられるまで、距離が1メートルの所まで大きな磁界を有する。
1用途において、スクリーニング機能を維持することが重要な場合には、電気接続が、適当なDMLパネルの導電性部分に行われ、あるいは、電気的に導電性の発泡部材又は類似の境界用材料をエッジの取り付けに使用してもよい。
サスペンション(3)は、パネル(2)のエッジを制振させ、パネルのエッジが過度に動かないようになっていればよい。さらに、又は交替的に、過度の動作を制振してパネル上で均等に共振を分布させるように、パネルの選択された位置に結合された例えばパッチ等のように、制振機能が付与されてもよい。パッチは、従来のラウドスピーカ包囲体で通常使用されるようなビチューメンがベースの材料から構成されてもよいし、あるいは、弾性または硬質のポリマーシート材料から構成されてもよい。所定の材料、優れたペーパおよびカードと所定のコアとでは自己制振し得ることがある。所望の場合には、硬質の硬化性接着剤ではなく、弾性の硬化性接着剤を用いることによってパネルの構造内での制振機能を増大してもよい。
有効な前記の選択的な制振では、永久的に組み込まれた手段のシート材料を含むパネルに対する特定の適用を含む。エッジとコーナが、優勢に分散した及び少なく分散した低い周波数のパネルの振動モードにとって、特に、重要なものにすることができる。より低い周波数の動作に対する所望の拡張に関してコーナが比較的自由な状態であることが多いが、制振手段のエッジ方向の固定は、完全に枠組みされたシート材料を有するパネルに有用に導くことができる。取り付けを接着剤または自己接着材料によって行なうことができる。特に、更に明瞭な効果及び/又は中間周波数と高周波数のための、有効な制振の別の形態は、前記領域の所定の有効な中間に配置された位置において、シート材料に固定された適当な質量による。
上述に記載した音響パネルは2方向性である。背面からの音エネルギーは、前部からの音エネルギーに対して強く位相のあったものではない。従って、室内における音響出力と、均一な周波数分布をもつ音エネルギーと、減少した反射および定在波効果との総和の利点があるとともに、再生した音の記録における自然空間と周囲の優れた再生の利点を有する。
音響パネルからの音の放射は大きくは無指向性であるけれど、位相に関連した情報の比率がオフ・アクシスすなわち軸線ずれを増大する。仮想ステレオ像に関する改善された焦点のために、通常の人の起立状態の高さにある絵画のようにスピーカを配置することが、通常に着座状態のリスナーに対し適度なオフ・アクシスの配置の利点を与え、ステレオ効果を最適にする。同様に、リスナーに対する三角形の左/右の幾何形状が、別の角度をもった音の成分を形成する。従って、良好なステレオを得ることができる。
従来のスピーカの再生と比較し、グループのリスナーに関し、さらに利点がある。音響パネルの音の放射の固有の分布特性が、同じ距離の点源の距離に関する逆2乗則に支配されない音量を与える。距離に伴う音の強度の降下が、逆2乗則によって予測されるよりも相当に小さいので、中央の位置からはずれて聴きにくい位置にいるリスナーにとっても、パネルスピーカの音の強度のフィールドが、従来のスピーカに比較すると優れたステレオ効果を促進している。これは、中心からはずれた場所にいるリスナーが、近い方のスピーカに近接しているための、2つの問題、すなわち、近い方のスピーカからの音の大きさが過度に上昇する問題と、これに対応して別のラウドスピーカからの音の大きさが減少するという問題とに直面することがないからである。
各パネルの振動板からのフル・レンジの音について、良好な音質で、必要とするのは1個のトランスジューサだけであり、クロスオーバもしない、視覚的にも目を引く、平坦な、軽量なパネル状スピーカであるという利点がある。
図3は、ドリンクの自動販売機等の自動販売機(108)を示しており、この自動販売機には、自動販売機の前面部(109)の一部を形成するように、ラウドスピーカ(81)が組み込まれている。ラウドスピーカ(81)は、機械の販売可能な内容に関する及び/又は操作されるべき態様の内容に関する音響情報を提供するように設けられている。自動販売機の前面部(109)には、通常のコイン等の投入(freed)機構(143)と、製品の選択器用パネル(137)と、分配用出口部(142)とが設けられている。
ラウドスピーカ(81)は、セル状コア(22)と該コアの両側に設けられた表皮(21)とから成る矩形で軽量で剛性の分布設け放射体パネル(2)を備えており、このパネルは、その周縁部が、例えば、フォームラバー等の弾性サスペンション(3)上に支持されている。サスペンションは、自動販売機(108)の前面部(109)に取付けられた矩形のフレーム(1)の内側に取付けられている。ラウドスピーカは、図1及び図2に記載した種類のもので成る。グラフィックスやテキストの形態等の視覚的な情報が、上記したパネル(2)に付与されてもよい。
パネル(2)は、例えば、本願と同日付けで出願した国際特許出願(本件出願人ケース番号P5683/5684/5685)に記載された種類のトランスジューサ(9)を支持しており、これによって、パネルは振動させられて、音響出力を生成するように共振せしめられる。機械には、トランスジューサ(9)を駆動するため、必要な情報を生成するのに必要な信号発生器と増幅器(図示せず)が組み込まれている。
所望なら、装置は、分布モードパネル(2)が図5に示すようにラウドスピーカと音響受取装置すなわちマイクロホンとしての両方に使用できるように構成することによって、予防対策的にすることができる。
パネルは、本願と同日付けで出願した国際特許出願(本件出願人ケース番号P5683/5684/5685)に記載された種類のトランスジューサ(9)によって共振させられて音響出力を生成するように駆動され、トランスジューサ(9)は、増幅器(10)に接続されて駆動される。
パネルは、また、図6に示す種類の圧電トランスジューサであるのが好ましい一対の振動トランスジューサ(63)を支持しており、それらのトランスジューサは並列に接続されて、出力(66)に接続された信号受信器兼調整器(65)を駆動する。パネル(2)には、例えば図6に示す種類のもう1つの振動トランスジューサ(63)が、フィルタ/相関装置(64)を駆動するように接続されて、その装置(64)の出力が信号受信器兼調整器(65)に送られて、信号の修正及び/又は雑音除去を行っている。
図6は、結晶形のディスク状圧電式ベンダー(27)の形状にされた、分布モードパネル(2)のためのトランスジューサ(9)を示している。圧電式ベンダー(27)は、例えば黄銅のディスク(118)に取付けられ、ディスク(118)は、パネル(2)の面に例えば、接着部(20)によって接合されている。動作において、トランスジューサ(9)に導線(28)を介して与えられた音響信号によって、圧電ディスク(27)がパネル(2)を撓めて局部的に弾性変形させ、パネルに撓み波を発生せしめる。
このようにして、装置は、言葉での指示が自動販売機に与えられるように、構成される。
Claims (10)
- 分配される物品又は製品のストア部と、分配される物品又は製品を選択するためのユーザ操作手段と、分配用出口部とを備えた自動販売機において、
分布モード音響放射体を有するラウドスピーカ(81)が設けられ、
該分布モード音響放射体が、厚さに対して横方向に広がる動作領域を有し、入力振動エネルギーを該動作領域における撓み波によって維持し伝播することができる部材(2)からなり、
前記分布モード音響放射体を構成する前記部材(2)は、入力振動エネルギーを該部材(2)に与えるためのトランスデューサの取付け位置として、前記動作領域において撓み波振動の共振モード成分を前記動作領域に分布させることができる優先位置を有し、
前記分布モード音響放射体を構成する前記部材(2)には、前記優先位置においてトランスデューサ(9)が取り付けられ、
前記トランスデューサ(9)が励起されたとき、該トランスデューサ(9)が前記分布モード音響放射体を構成する前記部材(2)に撓み波振動を生じさせて音響出力を生成することを特徴とする自動販売機。 - 請求項1に記載の自動販売機において、前記放射体は視覚的ディスプレイ手段を形成していることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の自動販売機において、前記放射体が、セル状のコアと該コアをサンドイッチする一対の表皮とを有する剛性で軽量のパネルから成ることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項3に記載の自動販売機において、前記パネルがフレームによって包囲されていることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項4に記載の自動販売機において、前記パネルは、弾性サスペンションによって前記フレームに取付けられていることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項4又は5に記載の自動販売機において、本体を備えており、前記フレームが、前記本体の上に取り付けられるか、又は本体と一体になっていることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の自動販売機において、入射音響エネルギーによる前記放射体の共振に応答して信号を生成するように前記放射体に第2のトランスジューサが接続されたことを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項6に記載の自動販売機において、少なくとも2つの第2トランスジューサが、間隔をおいて設けられていることを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項8に記載の自動販売機において、前記放射体には、更に別のトランスジューサが、入射音響エネルギーによる放射体の共振に応答して信号を生成するように、設けられており、該別のトランスジューサによって生成された信号を、前記第2トランスジューサによって生成された信号と比較する手段が設けられたことを特徴とする自動販売機。
- 請求項9に記載の自動販売機において、前記比較手段は、信号受信器及び調整器と信号出力手段とを備えていることを特徴とする自動販売機。
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GB9517918.0 | 1995-09-02 | ||
GBGB9517918.0A GB9517918D0 (en) | 1995-09-02 | 1995-09-02 | Acoustic device |
GBGB9522281.6A GB9522281D0 (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1995-10-31 | Acoustic device |
GB9522281.6 | 1995-10-31 | ||
GBGB9606836.6A GB9606836D0 (en) | 1996-03-30 | 1996-03-30 | Acoustic device |
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JPH11515122A JPH11515122A (ja) | 1999-12-21 |
JP3895775B2 true JP3895775B2 (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
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JP51094897A Expired - Lifetime JP3763848B2 (ja) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | 音響装置 |
JP51096097A Expired - Fee Related JP3895775B2 (ja) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | 自動販売機 |
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JP51094897A Expired - Lifetime JP3763848B2 (ja) | 1995-09-02 | 1996-09-02 | 音響装置 |
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US (6) | US6243473B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP3763848B2 (ja) |
KR (21) | KR19990044030A (ja) |
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- 1996-09-02 KR KR10-1998-0701263A patent/KR100443204B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-02 KR KR1019980701301A patent/KR19990044068A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-02 KR KR1019980701020A patent/KR19990036352A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1996-09-02 KR KR1019980701260A patent/KR19990044028A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1996-09-02 US US09/029,059 patent/US6243473B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-02 KR KR1019980701404A patent/KR19990044170A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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2001
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