JP2021512223A - 二酸化炭素リアクタ制御のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
二酸化炭素リアクタ制御のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021512223A JP2021512223A JP2020561577A JP2020561577A JP2021512223A JP 2021512223 A JP2021512223 A JP 2021512223A JP 2020561577 A JP2020561577 A JP 2020561577A JP 2020561577 A JP2020561577 A JP 2020561577A JP 2021512223 A JP2021512223 A JP 2021512223A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年1月22日に出願した米国仮出願第62/619,996号、2018年1月22日に出願した米国仮出願第62/620,109号、および、2018年6月15日に出願した米国仮出願第62/685,771号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該出願の各々はそれら全体が本参照により組み込まれる。
[政府のサポートの声明]
以下の本発明の好ましい実施形態に関する説明は、本発明をこれらの好ましい実施形態に限定する意図はなく、当業者が本発明を作成および使用できるようにすることを意図する。
1.概要
2.システム
3.方法
4.プロセス条件
5.不純物の耐性
6.システム構成選択
7.付録
Claims (21)
- 電解槽制御のための方法であって、
第1の気相電解槽において、気相二酸化炭素を含む入力を受け取る段階と、
前記第1の気相電解槽において、前記入力を受け取りつつ、セットのプロセス条件下で、前記入力から第1の還元生成物を電気化学的に生成する段階であって、
前記第1の還元生成物は、水素分子および炭素含有種(CCS)を含み、前記CCSは二酸化炭素ではない、および
前記第1の還元生成物は、第1の水素分子対CCSの比率(HCR)を定義する、段階と、
所望のHCRに基づき、第2の気相電解槽が前記セットのプロセス条件下で前記入力を受け取りつつ、前記入力から第2の還元生成物を生成するように、前記第2の気相電解槽のための構成を選択する段階であって、
前記第2の還元生成物は、水素分子および前記CCSを含み、および
前記第2の還元生成物は、前記第1のHCRとは実質的に異なる第2のHCRを定義する、段階と、を備える、方法。 - 前記第1の気相電解槽は、第1のカソードと、第1のアノードと、ポリマー電解質種を含む第1のポリマー電解質膜(PEM)とを有し、前記第1のPEMは、前記第1のカソードと前記第1のアノードとの間に配置されており、
前記第2の気相電解槽は、第2のカソードと、第2のアノードと、前記ポリマー電解質種を含む第2のPEMとを有し、前記第2のPEMは、前記第2のカソードと前記第2のアノードとの間に配置されており、
前記構成を選択する段階は、前記所望のHCRに基づき、前記第2のPEMを選択する段階を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第1のPEMは、第1の層厚みを定義する第1の陰イオン交換膜(AEM)を有しており、
前記第2のPEMを選択する段階は、前記第1の層厚みより実質的に薄い第2の層厚みを定義する第2のAEMを選択する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより実質的に大きい、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の気相電解槽は、第1のカソードと、第1のアノードと、ポリマー電解質種を含む第1のポリマー電解質膜(PEM)と、第1の還元触媒層とを有し、
前記第1のPEMは、前記第1のカソードと、前記第1のアノードとの間に配置され、
前記第1の還元触媒層は、前記第1のカソードと、前記第1のPEMとの間に配置され、
前記第2の気相電解槽は、第2のカソードと、第2のアノードと、前記ポリマー電解質種を含む第2のPEMと、第2の還元触媒層とを有し、
前記第2のPEMは、前記第2のカソードと、前記第2のアノードとの間に配置され、
前記第2の還元触媒層は、前記第2のカソードと、前記第2のPEMとの間に配置され、
前記構成を選択する段階は、前記所望のHCRに基づき、前記第2の還元触媒層を選択する段階を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の還元触媒層は、
触媒ナノ粒子から構成される第1の多孔性ネットワークと、
前記第1の多孔性ネットワーク内に配置された前記ポリマー電解質種と、を含み、
前記第2の還元触媒層は、
触媒ナノ粒子から構成される第2の多孔性ネットワークと、
前記第2の多孔性ネットワーク内に配置された前記ポリマー電解質種と、を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の還元触媒層は、第1のポリマー電解質対触媒ナノ粒子の比率(ECR)を定義し、
前記第2の還元触媒層を選択する段階は、前記第1のECRより実質的に大きい第2のECRを選択する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより実質的に大きい、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の多孔性ネットワークは、第1の気孔率を定義し、
前記第2の還元触媒層を選択する段階は、前記第1の気孔率より実質的に小さい第2の気孔率を選択する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより実質的に大きい、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の多孔性ネットワークは、第1の特性的ナノ粒子サイズを定義し、
前記第2の還元触媒層を選択する段階は、前記第1の特性的ナノ粒子サイズより実質的に大きい第2の特性的ナノ粒子サイズを選択する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより実質的に大きい、請求項5に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の特性的ナノ粒子サイズおよび前記第2の特性的ナノ粒子サイズは、メジアンサイズである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の還元触媒層は、第1の層厚みを定義し、
前記第2の還元触媒層を選択する段階は、前記第1の層厚みより実質的に厚い第2の層厚みを選択する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより実質的に大きい、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記構成を選択することに応答して、前記構成における前記第2の気相電解槽を構成する段階と、
前記第2の気相電解槽を構成する段階の後、前記第2の気相電解槽において、気相二酸化炭素を含む第2の入力を受け取る段階と、
前記第2の気相電解槽において、前記第2の入力を受け取りつつ、第2のセットのプロセス条件下で、前記入力から、第3の還元生成物を電気化学的に生成する段階であって、
前記第3の還元生成物は、水素分子および前記CCSを含み、
前記第3の還元生成物は、第3のHCRを定義し、前記第1のHCRと前記所望のHCRとの間の第1の差異が前記第3のHCRと前記所望のHCRとの間の第2の差異より大きい、段階と、をさらに備える、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記第2の入力は、前記入力と実質的に等しく、
前記第2のセットのプロセス条件は、前記セットのプロセス条件と実質的に等しく、
前記第3のHCRは、前記第2のHCRと実質的に等しい、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記入力は、第1の湿度を定義し、
前記第2の入力は、前記第1の湿度より実質的に大きい第2の湿度を定義し、
前記所望のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより大きく、
前記方法は、さらに、前記所望のHCRに基づき、前記第2の湿度を選択する段階をさらに備える、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記CCSは一酸化炭素である、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記セットのプロセス条件は、50℃より高い電解槽温度と、10気圧より高い入力圧力とを有する、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 電解槽制御のための方法であって、気相電解槽において、気相二酸化炭素を含む入力から、水素分子および炭素含有種(CCS)を含む還元生成物を電気化学的に生成する段階であって、前記CCSは二酸化炭素ではない、段階を備え、
前記還元生成物を電気化学的に生成する段階は、
第1の時間間隔の間に、第1の水素分子対CCSの比率(HCR)で、前記還元生成物を生成する段階を含み、前記還元生成物を生成する段階は、前記気相電解槽を第1のセットのプロセス条件下で操業する段階を含み、および
前記第1の時間間隔の後の第2の時間間隔の間に、前記還元生成物のHCRを変更すべく、電解槽の操業を調整する段階を含み、前記調整する段階は、前記第1のHCRとは実質的に異なる第2のHCRで前記還元生成物を生成すべく、第2のセットのプロセス条件下で前記気相電解槽を操業する段階を含む、方法。 - 前記第1の時間間隔の間に、前記入力は第1の湿度を定義し、
電解槽の操業を調整する段階は、前記第2の時間間隔の間に、前記入力が前記第1の湿度より実質的に大きい第2の湿度を定義するように、前記入力の湿度を変更する段階を含み、
前記第2のHCRは、前記第1のHCRより大きい、請求項16に記載の方法。 - 前記還元生成物のHCRを変更すべく、電解槽の操業を調整する段階は、前記第1のHCRとは実質的に異なる所望のHCRを判定する段階に応答して実行される、請求項16または17に記載の方法。
- 前記還元生成物を、下流リアクタに提供する段階と、
前記下流リアクタに関連付けられた操業メトリックを判定する段階と、をさらに備え、
前記所望のHCRを判定する段階は、前記操業メトリックに基づき実行される、請求項18に記載の方法。 - 前記下流リアクタはバイオリアクタであり、
前記入力は、さらに、硫黄含有種(SCS)を含み、前記入力における前記SCSの濃度は、少なくとも5ppmであり、
前記方法は、前記還元生成物と混合された前記SCSを前記バイオリアクタに提供する段階をさらに備える、請求項19に記載の方法。 - 前記第1のセットのプロセス条件は、50℃より高い第1の電解槽温度と、10気圧より高い第1の入力圧力と、を有し、
前記第2のセットのプロセス条件は、50℃より高い第2の電解槽温度と、10気圧より高い第2の入力圧力と、を有する、請求項16から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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EP3743371A4 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
CN111954640B (zh) | 2024-01-19 |
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AU2019210132B2 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
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