WO2024083523A1 - An aerosol product - Google Patents

Abstract

An aerosol product comprising a pressurisable container, a base composition comprising 0.5 wt.% to 80 wt.% ethanol by weight of the total aerosol product; and a propellant wherein the ethanol comprises at least one carbon derived from carbon capture.

Description

AN AEROSOL PRODUCT

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to aerosol products comprising carbon from carbon capture.

Background of the Invention

Aerosol products have been popular since their inception, because of their marked ease of use in a variety of applications. The term “aerosol” includes products that can be dispensed in a stream, spray, powder, gel or a foam. Innovations in this area of technology have provided aerosol products that contain organic solvents or water or combinations thereof, as well as products that foam upon ejection and products that delay foaming after ejection.

Typical aerosol products comprise a pressure-resistant container, a nozzle, a propellant, and a base composition such as hair spray, dry shampoo or a deodorant composition. A composition is normally ejected from such products via aerosol-forming nozzle. See, for example, US2009/0104138A1.

Superior spray characteristics such as spray consistency and spray angle are essential features of an aerosol product.

Fragrance performance is also an essential feature for an aerosol product. Many consumers judge the efficacy of the product based on perfume performance. Perfume performance may be judged on the product in the bottle or when first sprayed.

Fragrance performance may be judged by quantity of fragrance, longevity or quality.

Finally, the aesthetics of the aerosol products are important, since the compositions tend to be clear. Aesthetics and stability are very closely linked; poor aesthetics can indicate poor stability. Equally aesthetics can be linked to the fragrance composition within a product. There is a need to further improve aerosol product performance, aesthetics and/or stability.

In addition to the need for improved aerosol products, there is a growing need to address climate change, in particular greenhouse gases. There is a need to slow the rate at which carbon containing gases enter the atmosphere. In light of this, some consumers prefer so called ‘eco-friendly’ products which have a reduced impact on the environment. However often consumers associate ‘eco-friendly’ products reduced efficacy. Equally consumers can find it difficult to understand in tangible terms, the positive impact a product may have on the environment. Aerosols have also been in the crosshairs of regulatory bodies seeking to minimize volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions.

In view of the above, there remains a need for aerosol products with a good environmental profile without compromising consumer satisfaction in terms of fragrance, stability and/or aesthetic performance.

Summary of the Invention

In a first aspect, the invention relates to an aerosol product comprising a pressurisable container; a base composition comprising 0.5 wt.% to 80 wt.% ethanol by weight of the total aerosol product; and a propellant wherein the ethanol comprises at least one carbon derived from carbon capture.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method of preparing an aerosol product according to the invention, wherein the method comprises the steps of: obtaining the ethanol comprising at least one carbon derived from carbon capture and incorporating said ethanol into an aerosol product.

In a third aspect, the invention relates to the use of carbon derived from carbon capture in an aerosol product according to the invention to reduce carbon emissions in the atmosphere. The term “aerosol” includes products that can be dispensed in a stream, spray, powder, gel or a foam.

These and other aspects, features and advantages will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of the following detailed description and the appended claims. For the avoidance of doubt, any feature of one aspect of the present invention may be utilised in any other aspect of the invention. The word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of” or “composed of.” In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. It is noted that the examples given in the description below are intended to clarify the invention and are not intended to limit the invention to those examples per se. Similarly, all percentages are weight/weight percentages unless otherwise indicated. Except in the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and/or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”.

Numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" are understood to include x and y. When for a specific feature multiple preferred ranges are described in the format "from x to y", it is understood that all ranges combining the different endpoints are also contemplated.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Carbon capture and separation

Carbon capture refers to the capture or sequestration of C1 carbon molecules (e.g. carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane or methanol). By capturing the carbon molecules, they are removed from or prevented from entering the environment. Carbon sourced from carbon capture contrasts with carbon from virgin fossil fuels (crude oil, natural gas, etc.), in that captured carbon has already been used at least once; for example captured carbon may have been burned to produce energy and is captured to enable a second use of the carbon, whereas carbon from virgin fossil fuels have been extracted for that singular purpose. Captured carbon may equally be obtained from non-fossil fuel carbon emitters, such as biomass energy plants, brewery gases from fermentation (e.g. of wheat), burning of biomass fuels (e.g. vegetable oil, biogas or bio- ethanol). By capturing and utilising carbon, carbon can be used again, leading to less carbon in the atmosphere and reduced use of virgin fossil fuels. In other words by capturing carbon either already in the atmosphere or before it enters the atmosphere, the nett reliance on virgin fossil fuels to produce homecare products is reduced The carbon captured may be in any physical state, preferably as a gas.

C1 carbon capture can be used to help reduce/prevent net release of CO2 in the environment and thereby forms a valuable tool to address climate change. When the C1 carbons captured are derived from combusted fossil sources then the immediate CO2 released can be reduced. When C1 carbons are derived directly from the atmosphere or from bio-sources there may even be a net immediate reduction in atmospheric CO2 .

Carbon capture may be point source carbon capture or direct carbon capture. Direct carbon capture refers to capturing carbon from the air, where it is significantly diluted with other atmospheric gases. Point source carbon capture refers to the capture of carbon at the point of release into the atmosphere. Point source carbon capture may be implemented for example at steal works, fossil fuel or biomass energy plants, ammonia manufacturing facilities, cement factories, etc. These are examples of stationary point source carbon capture. Alternatively, the point source carbon capture may be mobile, for example attached to a vehicle and capturing the carbon in the exhaust gases. Point source carbon capture may be preferable due to the efficiency of capturing the carbon in a high concentration. Preferably, the carbon is captured from a point source. More preferably the carbon is captured from a fossil fuel based point source, i.e. carbon captured from an industry utilising fossil fuels.

There are various methods of capturing carbon from industrial processes, examples include:

Capturing carbon from flue gasses following combustion. This may be referred to as post combustion carbon capture. For example this may be implemented to capture carbon from the flue gasses at a fossil fuel power plant. Capturing carbon pre-combustion. In these processes, fossil fuels are partially oxidized. Syngas comprising carbon monoxide, hydrogen and some carbon dioxide is produced. The carbon monoxide is reacted with water (steam) to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The carbon dioxide can be separated, and the hydrogen used as fuel.

Oxy-fuel combustion, in which fuel is burned in oxygen rather than air. The flue gas consists mainly of carbon dioxide and water vapour. The water is separated and the carbon dioxide collected.

Once a source of carbon has been captured, the carbon molecules need to be isolated from the other chemicals with which they may be mixed. For example, oxygen, water vapour, nitrogen etc. In some point source processes this step may not be required since a pure source of carbon is captured. Separation may involve biological separation, chemical separation, absorption, adsorption, gas separation membranes, diffusion, rectification or condensation or any combination thereof.

A common method of separation is absorption or carbon scrubbing with amines. Carbon dioxide is absorbed onto a metal-organic framework or through liquid amines, leaving a low carbon gas which can be released into the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide can be removed from the metal-organic framework or liquid amines, for example by using heat or pressure.

C1 carbon molecules sourced from carbon capture and suitably separated from other gases are available from many industrial sources. Suitable suppliers include Ineos.

Capturing carbon directly from the air may for example involve passing air over a solvent which physically or chemically binds the C1 molecules. Solvents include strongly alkaline hydroxides such as potassium or sodium hydroxide. For example air may be passed over a solution of potassium hydroxide to form a solution of potassium carbonate. The carbonate solution is purified and separated to provide a pure CO2 gas. This method may also be employed in point source capture. An example of a direct air capture process is that employed by carbon engineering. Carbon utilisation or transformation

Once the C1 carbon molecules have been captured and separated, they can then be transformed into useful ingredients for use in the aerosol product.

Various methods may be used to transform the captured C1 molecules to useful components. The methods may involve chemical process or biological processes, such as microbial fermentation, preferably gas-fermentation.

Preferably the C1 molecules are transformed into: i. Short chain (preferably C1-C5) intermediates such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene, ethylene oxide; most preferably ethanol.

One suitable example of transformation is a process in which a reactor converts carbon dioxide, water and electricity to methanol or ethanol and oxygen i.e. electrolysis. An example of this process is provided by Opus 12. Suitable processes are disclosed in WO21252535, WO17192787, W020132064, W020146402, WO19144135 and WO20112919.

An alternate suitable example of transformation is the conversion of carbon dioxide to ethanol using a catalyst of copper nanoparticles embedded in carbon spikes.

An alternate suitable example of transformation is the use of biological transformation which involves fermentation of the Ci carbon by micro-organisms such as Ci-fixing bacteria to useful chemicals. This is alternatively known as gas fermentation, which is defined as the microbial conversion of gaseous substrates (e.g. CO, CO2, and CH4) to larger molecules.

The ability of micro-organisms to grow on CO as a sole carbon source was first discovered in 1903. This was later determined to be a property of organisms that use the acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) biochemical pathway of autotrophic growth (also known as the Woods-Ljungdahl pathway and the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase I acetyl CoA synthase (CODH/ACS) pathway). A large number of anaerobic organisms including carboxydotrophic, photosynthetic, methanogenic and acetogenic organisms have been shown to metabolize CO to various end products, namely CO2, H2, methane, n-butanol, acetate and ethanol. Preferably anaerobic bacteria such as those from the genus Clostridium are used to produce ethanol from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen via the acetyl CoA biochemical pathway. There are a variety of microorganisms that can be used in fermentation processes, particularly preferred are anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium ljungdahlii strain PETC or ERI2, which can be used to produce ethanol.

Exemplary gas fermentation processes are, but not limited to, syngas fermentation and aerobic methane fermentation as described (B. Geinitz et.al. Gas Fermentation Expands the Scope of a Process Network for Material Conversion. Chemie Ingenieur Technik. Vol 92, Issue 11 , p. 1665-1679.). The microbes with the ability to convert CO and CO2 fall primarily into the group of anaerobic acetogenic bacteria or aerobic carboxydotrophic bacteria, those able to convert methane are methanotrophs, which are usually aerobic methanothrophic bacteria. In this sense the term ‘gas fermentation’ is used loosely and includes the aerobic or anaerobic microbial or enzymatic conversion of organic matter preferably by syngas fermentation and aerobic methane fermentation.

Gas-fermentation can include multi-stage fermentation, mixed fermentation, cocultivation, mixotrophy and thermophilic production. Multi-stage fermentation can broaden the portfolio of products obtained together with higher end-product concentrations. Mixed fermentation may help some strains to detoxify the environment from a toxic compound or reduce the concentration of a certain product allowing for a more efficient conversion of the gas or increased product yield (e.g. by a second strain). Mixotrophy is the use of two or more carbon/electron sources simultaneously by some microorganisms, where for example both CO2 and organic substrates such as sugars are utilized together. Thermophilic production (gas-fermentation at elevated temperatures by thermophilic strains, such as carboxydotrophic thermophiles) offers the advantages of reducing the risk of contamination. The gas-fermentation cultures may be defined or undefined, but preferably are in part or in the whole defined. Use of defined cultures offers the benefit of improved gas-fermentation end-product control. Preferably the C1 molecules are transformed to short chain intermediates by gas fermentation. More preferably the C1 molecules are transformed to ethanol, ethylene or ethylene oxide, most preferably ethanol by gas fermentation.

Further examples of carbon capture technologies suitable to generate the ethanol stock described herein are disclosed in WO 2007/117157, WO 2018/175481 , WO 2019/157519 and WO 2018/231948.

Hair styling

When the aerosol product is a hairstyling product, the base composition comprises hairstyling polymers in addition to ethanol.

Ethanol comprising at least one carbon derived from carbon capture is present in the base from 0.5 to 60%, preferably 2 to 40%, more preferably at least 4%, still more preferably at least 10% but typically not more than 35%, preferably not more than 30%, more preferably not more than 20% by weight of the total product.

The base composition may also comprise water. The base composition comprises 45 to 90% of water, preferably not less than 50%, more preferably not less than 60%, even more preferably not less than 70%, still more preferably not less than 75% but typically not more than 85%, preferably not more than 80% by weight of the base composition.

Water may be present in the hair styling product in a concentration of 30 to 60%, preferably not less than 33%, more preferably not less than 40%, even more preferably not less than 47%, still more preferably not less than 50% but typically not more than 57%, preferably not more than 53% by weight of the total product.

The hairstyling polymer can be selected from hairstyling polymers forming a homogeneous mixture with water and liquefied gas propellant. In at least one embodiment, the hairstyling polymer is selected from hairstyling polymers forming a homogeneous mixture with water and dimethyl ether. By “homogeneous mixture” herein means a mixture having a single phase, therefore components of the homogeneous mixture have the same proportions throughout the mixture.

The hairstyling polymer according to the present invention can be any water-soluble film-forming polymer or mixture of such polymers. This includes homopolymers or copolymers of natural or synthetic origin having functionality rendering the polymers water-soluble such as hydroxyl, amine, amide or carboxyl groups.

The hairstyling polymer is a cationic hairstyling polymer or a mixture of cationic hairstyling polymers. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is selected from the group consisting of: quaternized acrylates or methacrylates; quaternary homopolymers or copolymers of vinylimidazole; homopolymers or copolymers comprising a quaternary dimethdiallyl ammonium chloride; non-cellulosic cationic polysaccharides; cationic cellulose derivatives; chitosans and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof.

The cationic hairstyling polymer is selected from quaternized acrylates or methacrylates. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is a copolymer comprising: a) at least one of: quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamides (e.g. Quaternized dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); or quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates (e.g. quaternized dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and b) one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of: vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam; acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N- tertbutylacrylamide); esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino- ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2- ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; and allyl esters or methallyl esters. The counter ion can be either a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The cationic hairstyling polymer is a quaternary homopolymer or copolymer of vinylimidazole. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is a copolymer comprising a) a quaternized vinylimizazole and b) one or more other monomers. The other monomer may be selected from the group consisting of: vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam such as vinylpyrrolidone/quaternized vinylimidazole (PQ-16) such as that sold as Luviquat FC- 550 by BASF; acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino-ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters. The counter ion can be either a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The cationic hairstyling polymer comprises a dimethdiallyl ammonium chloride. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is a homopolymer or copolymer comprising a quaternary dimethdiallyl ammonium chloride and another monomer. Such other monomer may be selected from the group consisting of: acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam; esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino- ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2- ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters. The counter ion can be either a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The cationic hairstyling polymer is a non-cellulosic cationic polysaccharide. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is a guar gums such as those containing trialkylammonium cationic groups. For example, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, which is available as N-Hance 3269 from Ashland.

The cationic hairstyling polymer is a cationic cellulose derivative. In at least one embodiment, the cationic hairstyling polymer is a copolymers of cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses (e.g. hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropylcelluloses) grafted with a water-soluble monomer comprising a quaternary ammonium (e.g. glycidytrimethyl ammonium, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium, or a methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium, or dimethyldiallylammonium salt). For example, such as hydroxyethylcellulose dimethyldiallyammonium chloride [PCM] sold as Celquat L200 by Akzo Nobel, or such as Quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose [PQ10] sold as LICARE JR125 by Dow Personal Care.

The cationic hairstyling polymer is selected from chitosans and derivatives thereof. A derivative of a chitosan includes salts of chitosans. The salts can be chitosan acetate, lactate, glutamate, gluconate or pyrrolidinecarboxylate preferably with a degree of hydrolysis of at least 80%. A suitable chitosan includes Hydagen HCMF by Cognis.

The hairstyling polymer is an anionic hairstyling polymer or a mixture of anionic hairstyling polymers. In at least one embodiment, the anionic hairstyling polymer is selected from those comprising groups derived from carboxylic or sulfonic acids. Copolymers containing acid units are generally used in their partially or totally neutralized form, more preferably totally neutralized. In at least one embodiment, the anionic hairstyling polymer comprises: (a) at least one monomer derived from a carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, or methacrylic acid or crotonic acid or their salts, or C4-C8 monounsaturated polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides (e.g. maleic, furamic, itaconic acids and their anhydrides) and (b) one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of: esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4); N-alkylated acrylamide (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino-ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters; vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcapro lactam; alkyl maleimide, hydroxyalkyl maleimide (e.g. Ethyl/Ethanol Maleimide). When present the anhydride functions of these polymers can optionally be monoesterified or monoamidated. In at least one embodiment, the anionic hairstyling polymer comprises monomers derived from a sulfonic acid. In at least one embodiment, anionic polymers comprise: (a) at least one monomer derived from a sulfonic acid such as vinylsulfonic, styrenesulfonic, naphthalenesulfonic, acrylalkyl sulfonic, acrylamidoalkylsulfonic acid or their salts and (b) one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of: esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4); N-alkylated acrylamide (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino- ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2- ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters; vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcapro lactam; alkyl maleimide, hydroxyalkyl maleimide (e.g. Ethyl/Ethanol Maleimide). When present the anhydride functions of these polymers can optionally be monoesterified or monoamidated.

The anionic hairstyling polymer is a water-soluble polyurethane.

The anionic hairstyling polymers are advantageously selected from: copolymers derived from acrylic acid such as the acrylic acid/ethylacrylate/N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymer such as that sold as Ultrahold 8 by BASF;

Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl/Methacrylate Copolymer such as that sold as Amphomer by Akzo Nobel, preferably Acrylates/ Octylacrylamide Copolymer sold as Amphomer 4961 ; methacrylic acid/ester acrylate/ester methacrylate such as that sold as Balance CR by Akzo Nobel; Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copolymer such as that sold as Balance 47 by Akzo Nobel; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters such as that known as Acudyne 1000 sold by Dow Chemical; acrylates/hydroxyethylmethacrylate such as that sold as Acudyne 180 by Dow Chemical; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters such as that sold as Acudyne DHR by Dow Chemical; n-butyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymer such as that sold as Tilamar Fix A-1000 by DSM; copolymers derived from crotonic acid, such as vinyl acetate/vinyl tertbutylbenzoate/crotonic acid terpolymers and the crotonic acid/vinyl acetate/vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers such as that sold as Resin 282930 by Akzo Nobel. Preferred hairstyling polymers derived from sulfonic acid include: sodium polystyrene sulfonate sold as Flexan 130 by Ashland; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester-5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ 48 by Eastman; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester- 5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ S38 by Eastman; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester-5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ 55 by Eastman. In at least one embodiment, the anionic hairstyling polymers are preferably selected from: copolymers derived from acrylic acid such as the acrylic acid/ethylacrylate/N-tert- butylacrylamide terpolymers (such as that sold as Ultrahold 8 by BASF); Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl/Methacrylate Copolymer such as that sold as Amphomer; methacrylic acid/ester acrylate/ester methacrylate such as that sold as Balance CR by Akzo Nobel; Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copolymer such as that sold as Balance 47 by Akzo Nobel; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters such as that known as Acudyne 1000 sold by Dow Chemical; acrylates/hydroxyethylmethacrylate such as that sold as Acudyne 180 by Dow Chemical; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters such as that sold as Acudyne DHR by Dow Chemical; n-butyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymer such as that sold as Tilamar Fix A-1000 by DSM; copolymers derived from crotonic acid, such as vinyl acetate/vinyl tertbutylbenzoate/crotonic acid terpolymers and the crotonic acid/vinyl acetate/vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers such as that sold as Resin 282930 by Akzo Nobel. Preferred hairstyling polymers derived from styrene sulfonic acid include: sodium polystyrene sulfonate sold as Flexan 130 by Ashland; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester-5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ 48 by Eastman; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester-5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ S38 by Eastman; sulfopolyester (also known as Polyester-5) such as that sold as Eastman AQ 55 by Eastman.

The hairstyling polymer is an anionic hairstyling polymer, and wherein the anionic hairstyling polymer is selected from: copolymers derived from acrylic acid such as the acrylic acid/ethylacrylate/N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymers;

Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl/Methacrylate Copolymers; methacrylic acid/ester acrylate/ester methacrylates; Octylacrylamide/Acrylates/Butylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copolymer; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters; acrylates/hydroxyethylmethacrylate; methacrylic acid/hydroxyethylmethacrylate/various acrylate esters; n-butyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymers; copolymers derived from crotonic acid, such as vinyl acetate/vinyl tertbutylbenzoate/crotonic acid terpolymers; and the crotonic acid/vinyl acetate/vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers; and mixtures thereof.

The hairstyling polymer is a polyurethane dispersed in water. Such polyurethanes include those such as adipic acid, 1-6 hexandiol, neopentyl glycol, isophorone diisocyanate, isophorone diamine, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminoethanesulphonic acid, sodium salt (also known as Polyurethane-48) such as that sold as Baycusan C1008 by Bayer; and such as isophorone diisocyanate, dimethylol propionic acid, 4,4- isopropylidenediphenol/propylene oxide/ethylene oxide (also known as Polyurethene- 14) such as that sold as a mixture under the name of DynamX H20 by Akzo Nobel.

The hairstyling polymer is a nonionic hairstyling polymer or a mixture of nonionic hairstyling polymers. Suitable synthetic non-ionic hairstyling polymers include: homopolymers and copolymers comprising: (a) at least one of the following main monomers: vinylpyrrolidone; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol or acrylamide and (b) one or more other monomers such as vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino-ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); vinylcaprolactam; hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); vinyl ether; alkyl maleimide, hydroxyalkyl maleimide (e.g. Ethyl/Ethanol Maleimide).

The non-ionic hairstyling polymer is preferably selected from vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymers and such as vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer.

The non-ionic hairstyling polymer is a water-soluble natural polymer being a cellulose derivative, such as hydroxyalkylcelluloses (e.g. hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropylcelluloses) and starches.

The hairstyling polymer is an amphoteric hairstyling polymer or a mixture of amphoteric hairstyling polymers. Suitable synthetic amphoteric hairstyling polymers include those comprising: an acid and a base like monomer; a carboxybetaine or sulfobetaine zwitterionic monomer; and an alkylamine oxide acrylate monomer. In at least one embodiment, the amphoteric comprising: (a) at least one monomer containing a basic nitrogen atom such as a quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide (e.g. Quaternized dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide) or a quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate (e.g. quaternized dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and (b) at least one acid monomer comprising one or more carboxylic or sulfonic groups such as acrylic acid, or methacrylic acid or crotonic acid or their salts, or C4-C8 monounsaturated polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides (e.g. maleic, furamic, itaconic acids and their anhydrides) and (c) one or more monomers selected from acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcapro lactam; esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino- ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2- ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters. In an embodiment, the amphoteric hairstyling polymer comprises at least one carboxybetaine or sulfobetaine zwitterionic monomer such as carboxy betaine methacrylate and sulfobetaine methacrylate. In at least one embodiment, the amphoteric hairstyling polymer comprises: (a) at least one carboxybetaine or sulfobetaine zwitterionic monomer such as carboxybetaine methacrylate and sulfobetaine methacrylate; and (b) a monomer selected from the group consisting of: acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcapro lactam; esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino-ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters. In at least one embodiment, the amphoteric hairstyling polymer comprises at least an alkylamine oxide acrylate. In at least one embodiment, the amphoteric hairstyling polymer comprises: (a) an ethylamine oxide methacrylate; and (b) a monomer selected from the group consisting of: acrylamides, methacrylamides which may or may not be substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyl groups (C1-C4) (e.g. N-tertbutylacrylamide); vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcapro lactam; esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid (e.g. C1-C4 alkyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate and the methacrylate derivatives of these); acrylate esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol (e.g. poly(ethyleneglycol)acrylate); hydroxyesters acrylate (e.g. hydroxyethyl methacrylate); hydroxyalkylated acrylamide; amino alkylated acrylamide (e.g. dimethyl amino propyl methacrylamide); alkylacrylamine (e.g. tert-butylamino-ethyl methacrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate); alkylether acrylate (e.g. 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate); monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene; vinyl esters (e.g. vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, vinyl tert-butyl-benzoate; vinyl esters grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol; vinyl ether; vinyl halides; phenylvinyl derivatives; allyl esters or methallyl esters. An example of such an amphoteric hairstyling polymer is acrylates/ethylamine oxide methacrylate sold as Diaformer Z 731 N by Clariant.

The hairstyling polymer is selected from the group consisting of: acrylates copolymers of two or more monomers of (meth)acrylic acid or one of their simple esters; octylacrylamide/acrylate/butylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers; acrylates/hydroxyesters acrylates copolymers of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate; polyurethane-14/AMP- acrylates copolymer blend; and mixtures thereof. The hairstyling product may comprise 1 to 15% of hairstyling polymer, preferably at least 3%, more preferably at least 5%, still more preferably at least 7%, even more preferably at least 9% but typically not more than 14%, preferably not more than 13% or more preferably not more than 11% by weight of the total product.

Optional Ingredients

The hairstyling product of the present invention may comprise one or more optional ingredients in the base.

The hairstyling product may optionally comprise a silicone compound. The silicone is useful because it gives a smoother feel and also shine to the hair. Preferably, the silicone compound is a dimethicone compound or PEG dimethicone, for example PEG- 12 dimethicone.

The hairstyling product may optionally comprise a surfactant. The hairstyling product may comprise 1% or less surfactant, or 0.6% or less, or 0.4% or less, or 0.3% or less, by weight of the total product. In at least one embodiment, the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Cationic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of cetrimonium chloride; cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine; cocamidopropyl betaine; betaine; and mixtures thereof. Non-ionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of: castor oil PEG-40 H; laureth-4; laureth-9; decyl glucoside; polysorbate 20; PEG-25 hydrogenated castor oil; PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil; PPG-1-PEG-9-laurylglycolether; siloxane polyalkyleneoxide copolymer; and polydimethylsiloxane methylethoxylate; and mixtures thereof. A suitable anionic surfactant is dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS or 1,4-dioctoxy-1 ,4-dioxobutane-2- sulfonic acid).

The hairstyling product may optionally comprise a neutraliser. Suitable neutralisers include potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, triisopropanolamine (TIPA), 2- aminobutanol, 2-aminomethyl propanol (AMP), aminoethylpropandiol, dimethyl stearamine, sodium silicate, tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine, ammonia (NH3), triethanolamine, trimethylamine, aminomethylpropandiol (AMPD). In at least one embodiment, the neutralising agent is 2-aminobutanol, ammonia, or 2-aminomethyl propanol.

The hairstyling product may comprise one or more preservatives. The preservative may be present in an amount of less than about 1.5%, or 0% to 1%, or 0.01% to 1%, by weight of the total product. Suitable preservatives include: phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, propylene glycol, PHMB (Poly-aminopropyl biguanide), phenoxyethanol+caprylyl glycol, 1 ,2-octanediol and 1,2 hexanediol, methylbenzyl alcohol, octylsalicylate, 1 ,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2, 4-dione, EDTA, butylene glycol, and parben types e.g. methylparaben, propylparaben.

The hairstyling product may further comprise at least one perfume or fragrance. The hairstyling product may comprise a maximum of about 0.5% perfume or fragrance, or from about 0% to about 0.4%, or from about 0.03% to about 0.3%, by weight of the total product.

The hairstyling product may optionally comprise a corrosion inhibitor. In at least one embodiment, the corrosion inhibitor is EDTA.

The hairstyling product may further comprise vitamins and amino acids such as: water- soluble vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12, C, pantothenic acid, pantothenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin, and their derivatives, water soluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole, glutamic acid and their salts, water insoluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E, and their salts and/or derivatives, water insoluble amino acids such as tyrosine, tryptamine, viscosity modifiers, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water soluble and insoluble), pearlescent aids, foam boosters, additional surfactants or non-ionic cosurfactants, pediculocides, pH adjusting agents, perfumes, preservatives, chelants, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, vitamins, niacinamide, caffeine and minoxidil. The hairstyling product may comprise from about 0.01% to about 5% vitamins and/or amino acids, by total weight of the hairstyling product. The hairstyling product may further comprise pigment materials such as inorganic pigments, nitroso-, monoazo-, disazo-compounds, carotenoid, triphenyl methane, triaryl methane, chemicals of the quinoline, oxazine, azine, or anthraquinone type, as well as compounds which are indigoid, thionindigoid, quinacridone, phthalocyanine, botanical, natural colors, and water-soluble components. The hairstyling product may comprise from about 0.0001% to about 5% pigment materials, by total weight of the hairstyling product. The hairstyling product may also contain antimicrobial agents which are useful as cosmetic biocides. The hairstyling product may comprise from about 0.01 % to about 5% antimicrobial agents, by weight of the total product.

Propellant

The propellant used can be any liquefiable gas conventionally used for aerosol containers. Examples of suitable propellants include dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon propellants such as propane, n-butane and iso-butane. The propellants may be used singly or admixed. Water insoluble propellants, especially hydrocarbons, are preferred for mousse compositions because they form emulsion droplets on agitation and can create suitable mousse foam densities when needed. Dimethyl ether is the preferred propellant for spray compositions.

The amount of the propellant used is governed by normal factors well known in the aerosol art. If a propellant such as dimethyl ether includes a vapour pressure suppressant (e.g. trichloroethane or dichloromethane), for weight percentage calculations, the amount of suppressant is included as part of the propellant. For aerosol sprays the levels of propellant are usually higher; preferably from 30% to 98%, more preferably 33% to 95 % by weight of the total product.

Dry shampoo

When the aerosol product is a dry shampoo, the base composition comprises starch and isopropyl myristate in addition to ethanol.

Ethanol comprising at least one carbon derived from carbon capture is present in the base from 0.5 to 20% by weight of the total product. The starch according to the invention includes starch derivates. Preferably the starch is selected from corn starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, and modified starch in particular, modified corn starch and tapioca starch. A preferred modified starch is aluminum starch octenyl succinate.

The starch can be present in a concentration of 1 to 20%, preferably at least 2%, more preferably at least 5%, still more preferably at least 6%, even more preferably at least 7%, but typically not more than 18%, preferably not more than 16%, more preferably not more than 15%, still more preferably not more than 13%, even more preferably not more than 11 % or even 9% by weight of the total product.

Isopropyl myristate is used as a conditioning agent.

The isopropyl myristate can be present in a concentration of 0.1 to 3%, preferably at least 0.2%, more preferably at least 0.25%, but typically not more than 2.5%, preferably not more than 2%, more preferably not more than 1.5% by weight of the total product.

Optional Ingredients

Preferably, the dry shampoo composition of the present invention comprises an anticaking agent which is preferably silica. Preferably, the anti-caking agent is present in the base from 0.1 to 1% by weight of the total product.

Other optional ingredients present in the base includes propylene glycol, fragrance, emotives.

Propellants

The dry shampoo composition of the present invention comprises a propellant which serves to expel the base materials from the container. The propellant used in the present invention can be any liquefiable gas conventionally used for aerosol containers. Examples of suitable propellants include dimethyl ether and hydrocarbon propellants such as propane, n-butane and iso-butane. The amount of the propellant used is governed by normal factors well known in the aerosol art. For dry shampoo compositions, the propellants are preferably present from 30% to 98%, preferably 33% to 90 %, more preferably 45% to 85%, even more preferably 55% to 85% by weight of the total product.

Deodorants or Antiperspirants

When the aerosol product is a deodorant or an antiperspirant, the base composition comprises a carrier.

The carrier used should be cosmetically acceptable and aid in the delivery of the antiperspirant agent or the deodorant actives to the surface of the human body. The antiperspirant agents are typically suspended or dissolved in the carrier. The carrier is typically a fluid, i.e. a liquid or gas at ambient temperature and pressure.

The carrier preferably comprises from 10 to 99% of the base composition.

A preferred additional component of the carrier is ethanol. This may comprise up to 80% of the total composition, but is typically restricted to less than 70%, and often less than 60%. When employed ethanol typically comprises at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, and more preferably at least 40% by weight of total composition. Each of these preferred minimum levels of ethanol may be limited by the aforementioned maximum levels of ethanol. In some compositions, ethanol may serve as a skin penetration enhancer for the secretory coil affecter.

A preferred additional component of the carrier is water, especially when employed in conjunction with ethanol, to give an aqueous ethanol carrier. Water may comprise up to 90% of the total composition, but is typically restricted to less than 60%, and often less than 50%. When employed water typically comprises at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, and more preferably at least 30% by weight of total composition. Each of these preferred minimum levels of water may be limited by the aforementioned maximum levels of water. A preferred additional component is a fragrance, typically at a level of from 0.1 to 5% of the total composition. In compositions also comprising water, the fragrance is preferably accompanied by a fragrance solubiliser, typically a non-ionic surfactant used a concentration of from 0.1 to 5% of the total composition.

A further optional component is an organic anti-microbial agent. Such agents may be selected from any of those known in the art, provided reasonable skill is used to avoid any incompatibilities. An organic anti-microbial agent is a particularly preferred additional component. When employed, organic anti-microbial agents are typically used at a level of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of the composition.

Thickening agents may be employed in the product. Such agents increase the viscosity of or solidify the carrier in which the antiperspirant agent is typically suspended or dissolved.

Thickening agents may be selected from any of those known in the art, provided reasonable skill is used to avoid any incompatibilities. A preferred class of thickeners, especially for compositions also comprising water, are hydroxyalkyl celluloses, such as hydroxypropyl cellulose. When employed, thickening agents are typically used at a level of from 0.1 to 40%. When a hydroxyalkyl cellulose thickening agent is employed, this is typically used at a level of from 0.2 to 10% by weight.

Claims

1 An aerosol product comprising: a a pressurisable container; b a base composition comprising 0.5 wt.% to 80 wt.% ethanol by weight of the total aerosol product; and c a propellant wherein the ethanol comprises at least one carbon derived from carbon capture.

2 An aerosol product according to claim 1 wherein the base comprises 1 wt.% to 30 wt.% of ethanol by weight of the total aerosol product.

3 An aerosol product according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the base comprises 1 wt.% to 15 wt. % of ethanol by weight of the total aerosol product.

4 An aerosol product according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the carbon obtained from carbon capture is obtained from point source carbon capture.

5 An aerosol product according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the aerosol product is a hairstyling product, a dry shampoo or a deodorant or an antiperspirant.

6 A method of preparing an aerosol product according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: i Obtaining the ethanol comprising at least one carbon derived from carbon capture; ii Incorporating said ethanol into an aerosol product.

7 Use of carbon derived from carbon capture in an aerosol product according to claims 1 to 5 to reduce carbon emissions in the atmosphere.