JP2020534556A - 切り替え可能な指向性ディスプレイ向けの光学積層体 - Google Patents
切り替え可能な指向性ディスプレイ向けの光学積層体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Claims (59)
- ディスプレイ装置であって、
空間光変調器と、
前記空間光変調器の側に配置されたディスプレイ偏光子と、
前記ディスプレイ偏光子と同じ前記空間光変調器の側に配置された追加偏光子と、
前記追加偏光子と前記ディスプレイ偏光子との間に配置された複数のリターダと、を備え、
前記複数のリターダが、
液晶材料の層を備える、切り替え可能な液晶リターダと、少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダと
を備える、ディスプレイ装置。 - 前記ディスプレイ偏光子及び前記追加偏光子は、平行である電気ベクトル伝達方向を有する、請求項1に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記液晶材料の層に隣接し、かつその両側に配置され、前記隣接する液晶材料内にホメオトロピック配向をもたらすようにそれぞれ構成されている2つの表面配向層を備える、請求項1又は2に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダの前記液晶材料の層は、負の誘電異方性を有する液晶材料を含む、請求項3に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記液晶材料の層は、550nmの波長の光に対して500nm〜1000nmの範囲、好ましくは600nm〜900nmの範囲、最も好ましくは700nm〜850nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項3又は4に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有するリターダを備え、前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して−300nm〜−900nmの範囲、好ましくは−450nm〜−800nmの範囲、最も好ましくは−500nm〜−725nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、又は
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、交差するリターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対のリターダを備え、前記一対のリターダの各リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して300nm〜800nmの範囲、好ましくは500nm〜700nmの範囲、最も好ましくは550nm〜675nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項3〜5のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記液晶材料の層に隣接し、かつその両側に配置され、前記隣接する液晶材料内にホモジニアス配向をもたらすようにそれぞれ構成されている2つの表面配向層を備える、請求項1又は2に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダの前記液晶材料の層は、正の誘電異方性を有する液晶材料を含む、請求項7に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記液晶材料の層は、550nmの波長の光に対して500nm〜1000nmの範囲、好ましくは600nm〜850nmの範囲、最も好ましくは700nm〜800nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項7又は8に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有するリターダを備え、前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して−300nm〜−700nmの範囲、好ましくは−350nm〜−600nmの範囲、最も好ましくは−400nm〜−500nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、又は
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、交差するリターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対のリターダを備え、前記一対のリターダの各リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して300nm〜800nmの範囲、好ましくは350nm〜650nmの範囲、最も好ましくは450nm〜550nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項7〜9のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記液晶材料の層に隣接し、かつその両側に配置された2つの表面配向層を備え、前記表面配向層のうちの1つは、前記隣接する液晶材料内にホメオトロピック配向をもたらすように構成され、前記表面配向層の他方は、前記隣接する液晶材料内にホモジニアス配向をもたらすように構成されている、請求項1又は2に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記ホモジニアス配向をもたらすように構成されている表面配向層は、前記液晶材料の層と前記受動補償リターダとの間にあり、
前記液晶材料の層は、550nmの波長の光に対して700nm〜2000nmの範囲、好ましくは1000nm〜1500nmの範囲、最も好ましくは1200nm〜1500nmの範囲のリターダンスを有し、
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有するリターダを備え、前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して−400nm〜−1800nmの範囲、好ましくは−700nm〜−1500nmの範囲、最も好ましくは−900nm〜−1300nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、又は
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、交差するリターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対のリターダを備え、前記一対のリターダの各リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して400nm〜1800nmの範囲、好ましくは700nm〜1500nmの範囲、最も好ましくは900nm〜1300nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項11に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記ホメオトロピック配向をもたらすように構成されている表面配向層は、前記液晶材料の層と前記受動補償リターダとの間にあり、
前記液晶材料の層は、550nmの波長の光に対して500nm〜1800nmの範囲、好ましくは700nm〜1500nmの範囲、最も好ましくは900nm〜1350nmの範囲のリターダンスを有し、
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有するリターダを備え、前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して−300nm〜−1600nmの範囲、好ましくは−500nm〜−1300nmの範囲、最も好ましくは−700nm〜−1150nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、又は
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、交差するリターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対のリターダを備え、前記一対のリターダの各リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して400nm〜1600nmの範囲、好ましくは600nm〜1400nmの範囲、最も好ましくは800nm〜1300nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項11に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 各配向層が、前記ディスプレイ偏光子の電気ベクトル伝達方向に対して平行若しくは逆平行である、又は直交する液晶層の平面内の成分とのプレチルト方向を有するプレチルトを有する、請求項3〜13のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、少なくとも2つの異なる光軸配向を有する、少なくとも2つの受動リターダを備える、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、交差するリターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対の受動リターダを備える、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記一対の受動リターダは、前記ディスプレイ偏光子の電気ベクトル伝達に対して平行である電気ベクトル伝達方向に関してそれぞれ45°及び135°で延在する光軸を有する、請求項16に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記一対の受動リターダの間に設けられる、請求項16又は17に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダに隣接する前記一対の受動リターダのそれぞれの側に形成された透明電極及び液晶配向層を更に備える、請求項18に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 間に前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダが設けられる第1の基材及び第2の基材を更に備え、前記第1の基材及び前記第2の基材は、前記一対の受動リターダのうちの1つをそれぞれ備える、請求項19に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記一対の受動リターダのそれぞれは、550nmの波長の光に対して150nm〜800nmの範囲、好ましくは200nm〜700nmの範囲、最も好ましくは250nm〜600nmの範囲のリターダンスを有する、請求項20に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有するリターダを備える、請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、受動リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有する2つの受動リターダを備え、前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記2つの受動リターダの間に設けられる、請求項22に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダに隣接する前記2つの受動リターダのそれぞれの側に形成された透明電極及び液晶配向層を更に備える、請求項23に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 間に前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダが設けられる第1の基材及び第2の基材を更に備え、前記第1の基材及び前記第2の基材は、前記2つの受動リターダのうちの1つをそれぞれ備える、請求項23又は24に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記2つの受動リターダは、550nmの波長の光に対して−300nm〜−700nmの範囲、好ましくは−350nm〜−600nmの範囲、最も好ましくは−400nm〜−500nmの範囲の総リターダンスを有する、請求項23〜25のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、リターダの平面に対して垂直である成分と、前記リターダの平面内の成分と、を含む光軸を有するリターダを備える、請求項1〜26のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記リターダの平面内の前記成分は、前記ディスプレイ偏光子の電気ベクトル伝達に対して平行又は垂直である電気ベクトル伝達方向に関して0°で延在する、請求項27に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動リターダは、受動リターダの平面に対して垂直である光軸を有する受動リターダ、又は交差する受動リターダの平面内に光軸を有する一対の受動リターダを更に備える、請求項27又は28に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダのリターダンスが、前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダのリターダンスと等しく、かつ反対である、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、第1のプレチルトと、第2のプレチルトと、を備え、
前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、第1のプレチルト及び第2のプレチルトを有する補償リターダを備え、
前記補償リターダの前記第1のプレチルトは、前記液晶リターダの前記第1のプレチルトと同一であり、前記補償リターダの前記第2のプレチルトは、前記液晶リターダの前記第2のプレチルトと同一である、請求項1〜30のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダの平面の法線に沿った軸に沿って、前記複数のリターダの入力側の前記ディスプレイ偏光子及び前記追加偏光子のうちの1つが通過する光の偏光成分に位相シフトを導入しないように構成されている、請求項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダは、前記少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダの平面の法線に対して傾斜した軸に沿って、前記複数のリターダの入力側の前記ディスプレイ偏光子及び前記追加偏光子のうちの1つが通過する光の偏光成分に位相シフトを導入するように構成されている、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダの平面の法線に沿った軸に沿って、前記複数のリターダの入力側の前記ディスプレイ偏光子及び前記追加偏光子のうちの1つが通過する光の偏光成分に位相シフトを導入しないように構成されている、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダの切り替え可能な状態で、前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダの平面の法線に対して傾斜した軸に沿って、前記複数のリターダの入力側の前記ディスプレイ偏光子及び前記追加偏光子のうちの1つが通過する光の偏光成分に位相シフトを導入するように構成されている、請求項1〜34のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記複数のリターダは、リターダの平面の法線に沿った軸に沿って、前記ディスプレイ偏光子、前記追加偏光子、及び前記複数のリターダを通過する光の輝度に影響を及ぼさないように構成されている、請求項1〜35のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記複数のリターダは、リターダの平面の法線に対して傾斜した軸に沿って、前記ディスプレイ偏光子、前記追加偏光子、及び前記複数のリターダを通過する光の輝度を低下させるように構成されている、請求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記切り替え可能な液晶リターダは、前記液晶材料の層を制御するために電圧を印加するように構成されている電極を更に備える、請求項1〜37のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記電極は、前記液晶材料の層の両側にある、請求項38に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記電極は、少なくとも2つのパターン領域を設けるようにパターン化される、請求項38又は39に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの切り替え可能な液晶リターダの前記電極全体に印加される電圧を制御するように構成されている制御システムを更に備える、請求項38〜40のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記制御システムは、前記ディスプレイ装置に関してスヌーパーの位置を判定する手段を更に備え、前記制御システムは、前記スヌーパーの位置に応答して前記少なくとも1つの切り替え可能な液晶リターダの前記電極全体に印加される電圧を調整するように構成されている、請求項41に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 少なくとも1つの更なるリターダと、更なる追加偏光子と、を更に備え、前記少なくとも1つの更なるリターダは、前述の追加偏光子と前記更なる追加偏光子との間に配置される、請求項1〜42のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 光を出力するように構成されているバックライトを更に備え、前記空間光変調器は、前記バックライトから出力光を受光するように構成されている透過型空間光変調器である、請求項1〜43のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記バックライトは、前記空間光変調器の法線に対する45度より大きい極角で、前記空間光変調器の法線に沿った輝度の最大33%、好ましくは前記空間光変調器の法線に沿った輝度の最大20%、最も好ましくは前記空間光変調器の法線に沿った輝度の最大10%である輝度をもたらす、請求項44に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記バックライトは、
光源のアレイと、
指向性導波路であって、
前記指向性導波路の側部に沿って横方向に延在する入力端であって、前記光源は前記入力端に沿って配置され、入力光を導波路に入力するように構成されている入力端と、
前記入力端において光入力を前記導波路に沿って誘導するために、前記入力端から前記指向性導波路全体に延在する、対向する第1及び第2のガイド面と、を備え、前記導波路は、前記指向性導波路を通って誘導された入力光を偏向させて前記第1のガイド面を通って出射するように構成されている、指向性導波路と
を備える、請求項44又は45に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記バックライトは光転向フィルムを更に含み、前記指向性導波路はコリメート導波路である、請求項46に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記コリメート導波路は、
(i)複数の細長いレンチキュラー素子と、
(ii)複数の傾斜光抽出特徴部と、を備え、
前記複数の細長いレンチキュラー素子及び前記複数の傾斜光抽出特徴部は、前記指向性導波路を通って誘導された入力光を偏向させて、前記第1のガイド面を通って出射するように配向されている、請求項47に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記指向性導波路は、前記光源からの出力光が、前記光源の入力位置に応じて分散する出力方向でそれぞれの光学窓内へと方向付けられるように、前記光源を横方向に結像するように構成されている結像導波路である、請求項46に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記結像導波路は、前記結像導波路に沿って前記入力光を反射して戻すための反射端を備え、前記第2のガイド面は、前記第1のガイド面を通って反射された入力光を出力光として偏向させるように構成され、前記第2のガイド面は、光抽出特徴部と、前記光抽出特徴部間の中間領域と、を備え、前記光抽出特徴部は、前記第1のガイド面を通って反射された入力光を出力光として偏向させるように配向され、前記中間領域は、光を抽出することなく前記導波路を通して光を方向付けるように構成され、
前記反射端は、前記第1のガイド面と前記第2のガイド面との間に延在する前記導波路の側面間に延在する横方向に正の光学的パワーを有する、請求項49に記載のディスプレイ装置。 - 前記ディスプレイ偏光子は、前記バックライトと前記空間光変調器との間の前記空間光変調器の入力側に配置された入力ディスプレイ偏光子であり、前記追加偏光子は、前記入力ディスプレイ偏光子と前記バックライトとの間に配置される、請求項44〜50のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記追加偏光子は反射型偏光子である、請求項51に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記ディスプレイ装置は、前記空間光変調器の出力側に配置された出力偏光子を更に備える、請求項51又は52に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記ディスプレイ偏光子は、前記空間光変調器の出力側に配置された出力偏光子である、請求項1〜50のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記ディスプレイ装置は、前記空間光変調器の入力側に配置された入力偏光子を更に備える、請求項54に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記空間光変調器の入力側に配置された更なる追加偏光子と、前記少なくとも1つの更なる追加偏光子と前記入力偏光子との間に配置された少なくとも1つの更なるリターダと、を更に備える、請求項55に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 前記空間光変調器は、光を出力するように構成されている発光型空間光変調器を備え、前記ディスプレイ偏光子は、前記発光型空間光変調器の出力側に配置された出力ディスプレイ偏光子である、請求項1〜43のいずれか一項に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 少なくとも1つの更なるリターダと、更なる追加偏光子と、を更に備え、前記少なくとも1つの更なるリターダは、前述の追加偏光子と前記更なる追加偏光子との間に配置される、請求項57に記載のディスプレイ装置。
- 空間光変調器と、前記空間光変調器の側に配置されたディスプレイ偏光子と、を備えるディスプレイ装置に適用するための視野角制御光学素子であって、前記視野角制御光学素子は、制御偏光子と、前記ディスプレイ装置に前記視野角制御光学素子を適用する際に、追加偏光子と前記ディスプレイ偏光子との間に配置するための複数のリターダと、を備え、前記複数のリターダは、
液晶材料の層を備える、切り替え可能な液晶リターダと、
少なくとも1つの受動補償リターダと
を備える、視野角制御光学素子。
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