JP2017508597A - 大きな水体中の水質を維持するためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
大きな水体中の水質を維持するためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017508597A JP2017508597A JP2016533036A JP2016533036A JP2017508597A JP 2017508597 A JP2017508597 A JP 2017508597A JP 2016533036 A JP2016533036 A JP 2016533036A JP 2016533036 A JP2016533036 A JP 2016533036A JP 2017508597 A JP2017508597 A JP 2017508597A
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- water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
Description
最小遊離残留塩素レベル=(0.3−0.002(WQI−100))ppm
最小遊離残留塩素レベル=(0.3−0.002(63−100))ppm
最小遊離残留塩素レベル=0.374ppm
以下の例は例示的であり、他の実施形態が存在し、他の実施形態も本発明の範囲内にある。
2.2ha(およそ5.5エーカー)の表面積及び約55,000m3(およそ1,950,000立方フィート又は1450万ガロン)の水の体積を含む大きな水体のろ過の必要性が、本出願による方法と理論的な従来のろ過システムを比較することによって調査された。従来のろ過システムでは、水体から取り出された水、人工的に建設された水体の底、及びスキマーシステムによって取り出された表面水は全て、1日当たり4回、水の全体積をろ過するために設定された集中ろ過システムを通って送られる。
本出願の方法が、約9,000m2の表面積及び約22,500m3の体積を有する大きなレクリエーション用途のラグーンに適用された。ラグーンには、約25L/sの流速を有するラグーンの底から水及び沈殿した不純物を吸引することが可能な吸引装置と、各々が約2.2L/sの流速を有するラグーンの周囲の22個のスキマーとが装備されている。吸引装置からの水は、不純物を除去するためにろ過システムに送られ、ろ過された水がラグーンに戻された。ろ過システムには、直径1.8mであるQMA180フィルターが装備されている。スキマーからの水は、浮遊デブリを除去するために油脂除去部及びスクリーンを通るように送られた。浄化された水は、ラグーンに戻された。
最小遊離残留塩素レベル=0.3−0.002(WQI−100)ppm
最小遊離残留塩素レベルが大きな水体に適用可能な水質パラメーターを評価するWQIに基づいているので、このような最小遊離残留塩素レベルが、さらなる希釈効果を与えることを可能にする大きな水の体積に起因して従来の水泳プールに対してよりも低いことが注目されなければならない。
Claims (64)
- 大きな水体を処理するための方法であって、前記水体は、可撓性メンブレンを有する底を備えた、大きな人工的に刳り貫かれた構造又は浮遊構造を含み、この方法は、
(a)2NTU未満の水の濁度を維持するために、前記水体中の水に有効量の凝集剤を加えることを具備し、前記凝集剤は、前記水中の浮遊物質を前記水体の底に沈むパーティクルへと凝集し、
(b)CMYKスケールに基づいて前記底の色の黒色の成分の30%未満の増加を維持するために、可動式吸引装置を操作することを具備し、前記可動式吸引装置は、沈殿したパーティクルを含む前記水体の底からの水の一部を吸引し、前記装置は、24時間当たり10,000m2の表面クリーニング率でクリーニング可能であり、
(c)前記可動式吸引装置によって吸引された水をろ過して、ろ過された水を前記水体に戻すことを具備し、前記可動式吸引装置によって吸引された水は、24時間間隔で前記水体の水の全体積の10%を超えず、
(d)約20mg/Lよりも少ない浮遊油脂を含む表面水層を維持するために、油脂除去システムを操作することを具備し、表面の水の流れから前記油脂除去システムへの油脂は、油脂除去部を有する分離ユニットによって除去され、処理された水が前記水体に戻される、方法。 - 水中の少なくとも最小遊離残留塩素レベルを維持するために、塩素系添加剤を加えることをさらに具備し、前記最小遊離残留塩素レベルは、少なくとも、以下の式
最小遊離残留塩素レベル=(0.3−0.002(WQI-100))ppm
に起因する値である請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記水体は、少なくとも7,000m3の表面積を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記可撓性メンブレンは、約0.1mmないし約5mmの厚さを有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記可撓性メンブレンは、ゴム、プラスチック、テフロン(登録商標)、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ナイロン、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリアミド、PVC、アクリル樹脂又はこれらの組合せを含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸引装置は、前記底に見られる沈殿した物質及びデブリの30%未満の再浮遊を回避するために操作される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸引装置は、人工的に構築された構造の底を破損しないようにするために、ブラシの上に支持される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸引装置は、自力推進装置である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸引装置は、前記装置の底に沿って配置された吸引点での吸引力の集中を可能にし、それ故、高い吸引効率を与え、前記底に見られる沈殿した物質及びデブリの再浮遊を回避する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 水の濁度に関する情報を受信して、前記濁度を設定範囲未満に調節するために凝集剤を投与することをさらに具備する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記濁度は、実験的方法、分析的方法又は経験に基づいたアルゴリズムによって決定される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 制御システムが、添加剤の投与、吸引装置の動作及び油脂除去システムの動作を起動させる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、情報を処理する自動システムである請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、サイト上で操作されることができる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、インターネット接続又は他の情報交換システムによって遠隔操作されることができる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、水の濁度に関する情報を受信して、前記濁度を設定範囲内に調節するために前記凝集剤の投与を起動させる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記凝集剤は、第四級アンモニウム基を含むポリマー及びポリ陽イオン、多価陽イオン、(例えば、第四級アンモニウム化合物及びポリ第四級アンモニウム化合物)、アルミニウム塩類、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、硫酸鉄、塩化第二鉄、ポリアクリルアミド、アルミン酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウムなどの合成ポリマー、及びキトサン、ゼラチン、グアールガム、アルギン酸塩、モリンガシード、デンプン誘導体及びこれらの組合せなどである天然物質を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記凝集剤は、殺藻特性を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記凝集剤は、インジェクター、スプリンクラー、ディスペンサー、手動投与装置及び配管設備からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1つを含む化学投与システムによって水に投与される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水中の遊離残留塩素レベルに関する情報を受信することをさらに具備する請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記最小遊離残留塩素レベルは、実験的方法、分析的方法又は経験に基づいたアルゴリズムによって決定される請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、塩素系添加剤の投与を起動させる請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記塩素系添加剤は、インジェクター、スプリンクラー、ディスペンサー、手動投与装置及び配管設備からなるグループから選択された少なくとも1つを含む化学投与システムによって水に投与される請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記化学投与システムは、前記水体に均質性を与えるために配置され、2つの異なる位置の間の水質は、4時間よりも長い時間の間、20%未満しか異ならない請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水体の底の色に関する情報を受信して、前記水体の底から沈殿したパーティクルを吸引することによって前記色を設定範囲内に調節するために、前記可動式吸引装置を起動させることをさらに具備する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記構造の底の色を決定することをさらに具備し、前記色は、実験的方法、感覚的方法、分析的方法又は経験に基づいたアルゴリズムによって決定される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記構造の底の色は、比色計を使用して決定される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記可動式吸引装置の動作は、前記水体の底の上に沈殿している、前記底の色に影響を及ぼす不純物の量に基づいて起動され、前記沈殿している不純物の量は、前記水から除去される濁りの程度に対応している請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、前記水体の底の色に関する情報を受信して、前記色を設定範囲内に調節するために吸引装置の動作を起動させる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記制御システムは、浮遊油脂の量に関する情報を受信して、前記浮遊油脂の量を設定範囲内に調節するために油脂除去システムの動作を起動させる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記油脂除去システムは、前記分離ユニットへの表面水の流れを与えるためのスキマーを有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記油脂除去部は、前記水から油及び油脂を分離するための排出装置を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記油脂除去システムは、大きなデブリを保持するための1以上のスクリーンと、油及び油脂から排出によって水を分離するための油脂除去部とを有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記油脂除去システムは、フィルターを有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水体内の入浴ゾーンに適用される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記最小残留塩素レベルは、前記水体内で連続して維持される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記最小残留塩素レベルは、前記水体内で所定の時間の間維持される請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記水体が使用されているとき、前記最小残留塩素レベルが維持される請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記不純物は、浮遊物質、有機物、無機物、バクテリア又は藻類を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水体は、水を収容するための底及び壁と、前記水体の底を覆う非透過性の可撓性メンブレンとを有する刳貫き構造を有し、前記底は、約20%以下である傾斜を有し、前記壁は、約45%よりも大きい傾斜を有する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土は、締固め土であり、前記締固め土は、N°200メッシュを通る前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土の通過率が12%未満であれば、その比重(RD)の少なくとも80%に締固めされる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土は、締固め土であり、前記締固め土は、N°200メッシュを通る前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土の通過率が12%以上であれば、その最大乾燥密度(MDD)の少なくとも85%に締固めされる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 大きな水体中の水質を維持するためのシステムであって、
水に凝集剤を投与するための化学投与システムを具備し、前記化学投与システムは、2NTU未満の水の濁度を維持するために、前記水体中の水に凝集剤を投与し、
前記水体の底に沿って移動することが可能であり、沈殿した物質を含む前記底から水の一部を吸引することが可能な可動式吸引装置を具備し、前記可動式吸引装置は、CMYKスケールにおいて底の黒色の成分の増加が30%を超える前に起動され、
前記可動式吸引ユニットと流体連通するろ過ユニットを具備し、前記ろ過ユニットは、前記可動式吸引ユニットによって吸引される水の一部を受け取り、
分離ユニットを有する油脂除去システムを具備し、前記分離ユニットは、油脂除去部と、前記水体から前記分離ユニットへの表面の水の流れを与えるためのスキマーとを有し、前記油脂除去システムは、約20mg/L未満の油脂を含む表面水層を維持するために起動され、
前記ろ過ユニット及び前記油脂除去システムから前記水体にろ過された水を戻すための1以上のリターンラインを具備するシステム。 - 前記水体は、少なくとも7,000m3の表面積を有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記水体は、水を収容するための底及び壁と、前記水体の底を覆う非透過性の可撓性メンブレンとを有する刳貫き構造を有し、前記底は、約20%以下である傾斜を有し、前記壁は、約45%よりも大きい傾斜を有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土は、締固め土であり、前記締固め土は、N°200メッシュを通る前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土の通過率が12%未満であれば、その比重(RD)の少なくとも80%に締固めされる請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土は、締固め土であり、前記締固め土は、N°200メッシュを通る前記刳貫き構造の前記底を形成する土の通過率が12%以上であれば、その最大乾燥密度(MDD)の少なくとも85%に締固めされる請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記土の除去される上層は、少なくとも5cmである請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 添加剤の投与と、前記吸引装置の動作と、前記油脂除去システムの動作とを起動させる制御システムをさらに具備する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御システムは、水質パラメーターに関する情報を受信して、前記情報を処理して、前記水質パラメーターを設定範囲内に調節するために、化学薬品起動システム、可動式吸引装置及び油脂除去システムの少なくとも1つを起動させるように構成されている請求項49に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御システムは、情報を処理する自動システムである請求項49に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御システムは、サイト上で操作されることができる請求項49に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御システムは、インターネット接続又は他の情報交換システムによって遠隔操作されることができる請求項49に記載のシステム。
- 前記制御システムは、水の濁度に関する情報を受信して、前記濁度を設定範囲内に調節するために凝集剤の投与を起動させる請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記水体の前記底は、前記水体中の水に特定の色合いを与える色を有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記底は、白色か、黄色か、水色である請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記油脂除去部は、前記水から油及び油脂を分離するための排出装置を有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記油脂除去システムは、大きなデブリを保持するための1以上のスクリーンと、油及び油脂から排出によって水を分離するための油脂除去部とを有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記非透過性の可撓性材料は、ゴム、プラスチック、テフロン(登録商標)、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ナイロン、ポリスチレン、ポリカーボネート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリアミド、PVC、アクリル樹脂又はこれらの組合せを含む請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記非透過性の可撓性材料は、約0.1mmないし約5mmの厚さを有する請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記壁は、非透過性の可撓性材料で覆われている請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記吸引装置は、人工的に構築された構造の底を破損しないようにするために、ブラシの上に支持されている請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記吸引装置は、自力推進装置である請求項43に記載のシステム。
- 前記吸引装置は、前記装置の前記底に沿って配置された吸引点で吸引力の集中を可能にし、それ故、より高い吸引効率を与え、前記底に見られる沈殿した材料及びデブリの再浮遊を回避する請求項43に記載のシステム。
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US201361915331P | 2013-12-12 | 2013-12-12 | |
US14/564,957 US9470008B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2014-12-09 | System and method for maintaining water quality in large water bodies |
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