JP2013504540A - 高度に濃縮された薬学的製剤 - Google Patents
高度に濃縮された薬学的製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013504540A JP2013504540A JP2012528365A JP2012528365A JP2013504540A JP 2013504540 A JP2013504540 A JP 2013504540A JP 2012528365 A JP2012528365 A JP 2012528365A JP 2012528365 A JP2012528365 A JP 2012528365A JP 2013504540 A JP2013504540 A JP 2013504540A
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- antibody
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- hyaluronidase
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Abstract
Description
− 約20から350mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;
− 5.5±2.0のpHを与える約1から100mMの緩衝剤;
− 約1から500mMの安定剤又は二以上の安定剤の混合物(これによって、場合によってはメチオニンが、好ましくは5から25mMの濃度で、第二の安定剤として使用される);
− 0.01から0.1%の非イオン性界面活性剤;及び
− 好ましくは有効量の少なくとも一のヒアルロニダーゼ酵素
を含有する。
1)該アッセイは、抗体の抗原結合領域により認識される標的抗原を発現することが知られている標的細胞を使用する;
2)該アッセイは、エフェクター細胞として、無作為に選択された健常なドナーの血液から単離されたヒト末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を使用する;
3)該アッセイは、次のプロトコルに従って実施される:
i)標準的な密度遠心分離手順を使用してPBMCを単離し、5×106細胞/mlの濃度でRPMI細胞培養培地に懸濁させる;
ii)標準的な組織培養法により標的細胞を増殖させ、生存率が90%以上の対数増殖期に回収し、RPMI細胞培養培地中で洗浄し、100マイクロキュリーの51Crで標識し、細胞培養培地で2回洗浄し、105細胞/mlの密度で細胞培養培地に再懸濁させる;
iii)上記100マイクロリットルの最終的な標的細胞懸濁物を96ウェルのマイクロタイタープレートの各ウェルに移す;
iv)抗体を細胞培養培地で4000ng/mから0.04ng/mlに連続希釈し、50マイクロリットルの得られた抗体溶液を96ウェルマイクロタイタープレート中の標的細胞に添加し、上記の全濃度範囲をカバーする様々な抗体濃度で3回試験する;
v)最大放出(MR)コントロールに対して、標識された標的細胞を含むプレート中の更なる3つのウェルに、抗体溶液(上記のiv項)に代えて、50マイクロリットルの非イオン性洗浄剤(Nonidet, Sigma, St. Louis)の2%(VN)水溶液を添加する;
vi)自然放出(SP)コントロールに対して、標識された標的細胞を含むプレート中の更なる3つのウェルに、抗体溶液(上記のiv項)に代えて、50マイクロリットルのRPMI細胞培養培地を添加する;
vii)ついで、96ウェルマイクロタイタープレートを50xgで1分間遠心分離し、1時間4℃でインキュベートする;
viii)標的細胞に対するエフェクターの比が25:1となるように各ウェルに50マイクロリットルのPBMC懸濁液(上記のi項)を添加して、該プレートを37℃、5%CO2のインキュベーター中に4時間配する;
ix)各ウェルから無細胞の上清を回収し、ガンマカウンターを使用して、実験的に放出された放射能(ER)を定量する;
x)特定の細胞溶解の割合を、各抗体濃度について、式(ER−MR)/(MR−SR)×100に従って計算する。ここで、ERは、各抗体濃度で定量(上記のix項)された平均放射能であり、MRは、MRコントロール(上記のv項)において定量(上記のix項)された平均放射能であり、SRは、SRコントロール(上記のvi項)において定量(上記のix項)された平均放射能である;
4)「増加したADCC」は、上記の試験された抗体濃度範囲内で観察される特定の細胞溶解の最大割合の増加、及び/又は上記の試験された抗体濃度範囲内で観察される特定の細胞溶解の最大割合の半分を達成するのに必要な抗体濃度の減少の何れかとして定義される。ADCCの増加は、上記アッセイで測定され、当業者に知られている同じ標準的な生産、精製、製剤化及び保存法を使用して同じ種類の宿主細胞により産生された同じ抗体により媒介されるものであるが、GnTIIIを過剰発現するように操作された宿主細胞により産生されたものではないADCCと比較したものである。
− 約20から350mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;
− 5.5±2.0のpHを与える約1から100mMの緩衝剤;
− 約1から500mMの安定剤又は二以上の安定剤の混合物(これによって、場合によってはメチオニンが、例えば5から25mMの濃度で、第二の安定剤として存在する);
− 0.01から0.1%の非イオン性界面活性剤;及び
− 有効量の少なくとも一のヒアルロニダーゼ酵素
を含有する。
a) 好ましくはリツキシマブ、オクレリズマブ又はHuMab<CD20>である100から150mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;1から50mMのヒスチジンバッファー、好ましくは約5.5のpHのL−ヒスチジン/HCl;15から250mMの好ましくはα,α−トレハロース二水和物である安定剤と場合によっては5から25mMの濃度の第二安定剤としてのメチオニン;好ましくは0.02から0.06%(w/v)の、ポリソルベート20及びポリソルベート80の群から選択される非イオン性界面活性剤と場合によっては1000から16000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素、好ましくはrHuPH20、最も好ましくは2000U/ml又は12000U/mlの濃度のもの。
b) 好ましくはリツキシマブ、オクレリズマブ又はHuMab<CD20>である120±20mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;10から30mM、好ましくは20mMのヒスチジンバッファー、好ましくは約5.5のpHのL−ヒスチジン/HCl;150から250mM、好ましくは210mMの好ましくはα,α−トレハロース二水和物である安定剤と場合によっては5から25mM、好ましくは5から15mM、最も好ましくは10mMの濃度の第二安定剤としてのメチオニン;好ましくは0.02から0.06%(w/v)の、ポリソルベート20及びポリソルベート80の群から選択される非イオン性界面活性剤と場合によっては1000から16000U/ml、好ましくは1500から12000U/ml、最も好ましくは2000U/ml又は12000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素、好ましくはrHuPH20。
c) 好ましくはリツキシマブ、オクレリズマブ又はHuMab<CD20>である120mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;10から30mM、好ましくは20mMのヒスチジンバッファー、好ましくは約5.5のpHのL−ヒスチジン/HCl;150から250mM、好ましくは210mMの好ましくはα,α−トレハロース二水和物である安定剤と場合によっては5から25mM、好ましくは5から15mM、最も好ましくは10mMの濃度の第二安定剤としてのメチオニン;好ましくは0.02から0.06%(w/v)の、ポリソルベート20及びポリソルベート80の群から選択される非イオン性界面活性剤と場合によっては1000から16000U/ml、好ましくは1500から12000U/ml、最も好ましくは2000U/ml又は12000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素、好ましくはrHuPH20。
d) 120mg/mlの抗CD20抗体、好ましくはリツキシマブ;20mMのヒスチジンバッファー、好ましくは約5.5のpHのL−ヒスチジン/HCl;210mMのα,α−トレハロース二水和物と場合によっては10mMの濃度の第二安定剤としてのメチオニン;好ましくは0.02から0.06%(w/v)の、ポリソルベート20及びポリソルベート80の群から選択される非イオン性界面活性剤と場合によっては2000U/ml又は12000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素、好ましくはrHuPH20。
e) 120mg/mlの抗CD20抗体、好ましくはリツキシマブ;20mMのヒスチジンバッファー、好ましくは約5.5のpHのL−ヒスチジン/HCl;210mMのα,α−トレハロース二水和物と場合によっては第二安定剤としての10mMのメチオニン;好ましくは0.02から0.06%(w/v)の、ポリソルベート20及びポリソルベート80の群から選択される非イオン性界面活性剤と、場合によっては2000U/ml又は12000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素、好ましくはrHuPH20を含有する凍結乾燥製剤。
1.主要最終産物として四糖類及び五糖類を含むエンド−β−N−アセチルヘキソサミニダーゼである哺乳動物タイプのヒアルロニダーゼ(EC3.2.1.35)。これらは加水分解性及び及びトランスグルコシダーゼ活性の双方を有しており、ヒアルロナン及びコンドロイチン硫酸(CS)、一般にC4−S及びC6−Sを分解しうる。
2.細菌ヒアルロニダーゼ(EC4.2.99.1)はヒアルロナンと様々な度合いでCS 及びDSを分解する。これらは主に二糖類最終産物を生じるβ脱離反応によって作用するエンド−β−N−アセチルヘキソサミニダーゼである。
3.ヒル、他の寄生虫、及び甲殻類からのヒアルロニダーゼ(EC3.2.1.36)は、β1−3結合の加水分解を通して四糖類及び五糖類参集産物を生成するエンド−β−グルクロニダーゼである。
− 他の注射薬剤の吸収及び分散を増加させるためのアジュバントとして
− 皮下点滴療法のため
− 放射線不透過性薬剤の再吸収を改善するためのSC尿路造影法における補助剤として。
− バイアル当たりの≧10μm粒子の最大数 −> 6000
− バイアル当たりの≧25μm粒子の最大数 −> 600
リツキシマブは、組換えタンパク質の生産から一般に知られている技術によって製造される。欧州特許第2000149B号に記載のようにして調製された遺伝子操作チャイニーズマムスター卵巣細胞(CHO)株がマスター細胞バンクからの細胞培養で増殖される。リツキシマブモノクローナル抗体は、細胞培養液から収集され、固定プロテインAアフィニティークロマトグラフィー、カチオン交換クロマトグラフィー、ウイルス汚染物質を除去するための濾過工程と続くアニオン交換クロマトグラフィー及び限外濾過/ダイアフィルトレーション工程を使用して精製される。
液体製剤の調製のために、リツキシマブを、予測されたバッファー組成を含むダイアフィルトレーションバッファーに対してバッファー交換し、必要とされる場合、およそ200mg/mlの抗体濃度までダイアフィルトレーションによって濃縮した。ダイアフィルトレーション操作の完了後、賦形剤(例えばトレハロース、rHuPH20、界面活性剤)を原液として抗体溶液に加えた。最後に、タンパク質濃度を、およそ120mg/mlの最終リツキシマブ濃度になるまでバッファーで調節した。
1)紫外分光法;
2)分子ふるい(サイズ排除)クロマトグラフィー(SEC);
3)イオン交換クロマトグラフィー(IEC);
4)溶液の濁度;
5)可視粒子;
6)rHuPH20活性。
280nmでの紫外線吸収を320nmでの光散乱に対して修正し、ニート試料と希釈バッファーの重み付け質量と密度から決定された希釈係数を乗じた。分子はキュベットの経路長dと吸光係数εの積で除した。
液体製剤の調製のために、組換えヒト化2H7抗CD20抗体(国際公開第2006/084264号に開示の2H7.v16)を、予測されたバッファー組成を含むダイアフィルトレーションバッファーに対してバッファー交換し、必要とされる場合、およそ60及び120mg/mlの抗体濃度まで濃縮した。標的濃度を達成した後、賦形剤(例えばトレハロース、rHuPH20、ポリソルベート20)をついで原液として抗体溶液に加えた。最後に、タンパク質濃度を、およそ30、50、及び100mg/mlのヒト化2H7濃度になるまで最終製剤バッファーで調節した。
1)紫外分光法;
2)分子ふるいクロマトグラフィー(SEC);
3)イオン交換クロマトグラフィー(IEC);
4)ヒト化2H7活性に対する補体依存性細胞傷害性(CDC)アッセイ
5)rHuPH20活性のための比濁アッセイ
タンパク質濃度=((Amax−A320)×DF)/(ε(cm2/mg)×d(cm))(式1)
ここで、DFは希釈係数、dはキュベットの経路長、εは吸光係数であり、Amaxで2H7に対して1.75(cm2/mg−1)である。AmaxでのUV光吸収(典型的には278から280nm)を320nmでの光散乱に対して修正し、ニート試料と希釈バッファーの重み付け質量と密度から決定された希釈係数を乗じた。分子はキュベットの経路長dと吸光係数εの積で除した。
リツキシマブ含有レジメンは様々なCD20陽性B細胞悪性腫瘍に罹患した患者に対する治療の標準となった。現在、リツキシマブは数時間にわたる静脈内(IV)注入として投与されている。これらの長い注入時間と注入に関連した副作用は、患者によっては、現在の治療処置の不快なところであると指摘されている。更に、静脈内アクセスをなすのに必要とされる手順は侵襲的であると考えられ、特に繰り返して治療される悪性疾患の患者においては、苦痛でありうる。皮下(SC)投与は、治療を顕著に単純化し得、投与を10分以内に短くし、患者の悩みを改善する。組換えヒトヒアルロニダーゼ(rHuPH20)が開発され、同時投与医薬の分散と吸収を改善することが認められた。それはリツキシマブと併用されて、10mLより多くの注射容量を安全で快適にSC投与することが可能になった。この治療の目的は、IVリツキシマブへの匹敵する曝露を与える実施例1(製剤A)に記載されたようにして調製されたrHuPH20を含むSCリツキシマブ製剤の用量を選択し、維持治療の間における男性及び女性濾胞性リンパ腫(FL)患者におけるその安全性と耐容性を評価することであった。
過去に未治療の濾胞性(低悪性度)リンパ腫の患者が、(a)CHOP又はCVPでの併用でのリツキシマブSC製剤(実施例1の製剤Aに従って調製)で、又は(b)CHOP又はCVPでの併用でのリツキシマブIVでの、維持治療で治療される。
Claims (28)
- a.約50から350mg/mlの抗CD20抗体;
b.5.5±2.0のpHを与える約1から100mMの緩衝剤;
c.約1から500mMの安定剤又は二以上の安定剤の混合物;
d.約0.01から0.1%の非イオン性界面活性剤;及び
e.場合によっては有効量の少なくとも一のヒアルロニダーゼ酵素
を含有する、薬学的に活性な抗CD20抗体の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的製剤。 - 抗CD20抗体濃度がそれぞれ100から150mg/ml、好ましくは120±20mg/mlである請求項1に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 約1000から約16000U/ml、好ましくは約2000U/ml又は12000U/mlのヒアルロニダーゼ酵素を含有する請求項1又は2に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 緩衝剤が1から50mMの濃度である請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 緩衝剤が、好ましくは5.5、6.0、6.1及び6.5からなる群から選択される、5.5から6.5のpHを与える請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 緩衝剤がヒスチジンバッファーである請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 安定剤が糖、例えばα,α−トレハロース二水和物又はスクロースである請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 安定剤が15から250mMの濃度にある請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- メチオニンが第二安定剤として使用される請求項7又は8に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- メチオニンが5から25mMの濃度で存在する請求項9に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 非イオン性界面活性剤が、好ましくはポリソルベート20、ポリソルベート80、及びポリエチレン・ポリプロピレン共重合体からなる群から選択される、ポリソルベートである請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- ポリソルベートの濃度がそれぞれ0.02%(w/v)から0.08%(w/v)である請求項11に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- ヒアルロニダーゼ酵素がrHuPH20である請求項1から12の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 抗CD20抗体が、リツキシマブである請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 抗CD20抗体が、オクレリズマブである請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 抗CD20抗体が、HuMab<CD20>である請求項1から13の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 凍結及び解凍時に安定である請求項1から16の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 皮下又は筋肉内投与のための請求項1から17の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 液体形態である請求項1から18の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 凍結乾燥形態である請求項1から19の何れか一項に記載の高度に濃縮された安定な薬学的抗CD20抗体製剤。
- 被検体における癌又は非悪性疾患等の抗CD20抗体での治療を受け入れられる疾患又は障害の治療に有用な医薬の調製における請求項1から20の何れか一項に記載の製剤の使用であって、上記疾患又は障害を治療するのに有効な量でここに記載の製剤を被検体に投与することを含む使用。
- 製剤が化学療法剤と同時に又は順次に同時投与される請求項21に記載の使用。
- 1200mgから約2200mgの固定用量の抗CD20抗体がそれを必要とする被検体に投与される請求項21又は22に記載の使用。
- 約1200mgから約1800mgの固定用量の抗CD20抗体がそれを必要とする被検体に投与される請求項21又は22に記載の使用。
- 1600mgから約2200mgの固定用量の抗CD20抗体がそれを必要とする被検体に投与される請求項21又は22に記載の使用。
- 被検体における癌又は非悪性疾患等の抗CD20抗体での治療を受け入れられる疾患又は障害を治療する方法において、上記疾患又は障害を治療するのに有効な量で請求項1から25の何れか一項に記載の製剤を被検体に投与することを含む方法。
- 製剤が化学療法剤と同時に又は順次に同時投与される請求項26に記載の方法。
- 明細書に記載された発明。
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