JP2013219150A - 炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021334 nickel silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicide Chemical compound [Ni]=[Si]=[Ni] RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004151 rapid thermal annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 ニッケルと、ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属とが、所定の組成比に調整された混合体あるいは合金からなるターゲットをスパッタすることにより、炭化珪素基板上にオーミック金属膜を形成する工程と、前記金属膜に熱処理を施し焼成する工程とを含むことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
【選択図】 図6
Description
しかし、この方法により形成されたオーミック電極では、オーミック電極表面に偏析した遊離炭素によって、オーミック電極上に形成する配線金属層との密着性が低下し、配線金属層が剥離しやすくなるという問題があった。この問題を解決するため、以下の手法が提案されている。
しかし、金属膜の成膜に一般的に用いられるマグネトロンスパッタ法では、強磁性体であるニッケルの成膜を繰り返し行うと、ターゲット外周部の漏洩磁力線が減少してエロージョンがターゲット中心部に集中し、膜厚均一性が悪化することが知られている。また、外周部での堆積速度が減少する一方、中央寄りに偏って堆積速度が増加するので、ターゲット寿命は短くなり、ターゲットの使用効率が悪くなるという問題も発生する。
(1)ニッケルと、ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属とが、所定の組成比に調整された混合体あるいは合金からなるターゲットをスパッタすることにより、炭化珪素基板上にオーミック金属膜を形成する工程と、前記金属膜に熱処理を施し焼成する工程とを含むことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
(2)炭化珪素基板の第一の主面にエピタキシャル層を成長させる工程と、該炭化珪素基板の第二の主面にニッケルと、ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属とが、所定の組成比に調整された混合体あるいは合金からなるターゲットをスパッタすることにより、炭化珪素基板上にオーミック金属膜を形成する工程と、前記金属膜に熱処理を施し焼成する工程とを含むことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
(3)前記ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属は、モリブデン、タングステン、タンタル、バナジウム、ジルコニウム、チタン、クロム、アルミニウムから選定された1種又は2種以上の金属であることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
(4)前記ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属がチタンであり、前記ターゲット中のチタン比率が8%以上50%以下であることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
(5)前記熱処理を施す温度が1050℃以上であることを特徴とする(1)ないし(4)のいずれかに記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
さらに、オーミック電極材料のニッケル:チタン組成比を精度よく制御し、電極の剥離の原因となるオーミック電極層表面の炭素の析出を抑制すると同時に、接触抵抗増大の原因となるチタンの過剰な残留を抑制することができる。
図1に示すように、1×1018cm−3の窒素がドーピングされた、厚さ350μmの(0001)面を有する高濃度n型炭化珪素基板1の第一の主面上に、1.8×1016cm−3の窒素がドーピングされた、厚さ6μmの低濃度n型炭化珪素ドリフト層2を堆積する。
次に、図3に示すように、終端構造用のp型領域4とFLR構造用のp型領域5を形成するために、イオン注入法によりアルミニウムを注入する。
また、チャンネルストッパー用のn型領域3を形成するために注入されたリンと、終端構造用のp型領域4と、FLR構造用のp型領域5を形成するために注入されたアルミニウムを活性化するために、アルゴン雰囲気中において1650℃で240秒間の活性化を行う。
この後、急速加熱処理(RTA:Rapid Thermal Anneal)装置を用いて、1℃/秒の昇温速度で昇温し、1050℃以上の1100℃に到達後2分間保持する。これにより、第一の金属層がシリサイド化され、炭化珪素基板1の第二の主面との間に低抵抗のオーミック電極6が形成される。
図には示していないが、ここまでの多数の工程を経る中で、オーミック電極6表面に例えばレジスト残差などの汚染が追加される。これは、イオン化したアルゴンを衝突させて不純物除去する逆スパッタ法で裏面を処理することで除去することができる。
オーミック電極6中のニッケルに対するチタン比率の条件ごとに10個の炭化珪素ショットキーバリアダイオードを用意し、ダイオードの外部電極11の表面を覆うようにスコッチテープを密着させた後、剥がし取るという試験を10回ずつ行った結果を図7に示す。図7から分かるように、オーミック電極6中のニッケルに対するチタン比率が8〜50at%の炭化珪素ショットキーバリアダイオードにおいては、外部電極層の剥離が発生しなかった。
また、オーミック電極層表面にチタンが過剰に残留することによる接触抵抗の増大を抑制することができる。
また、実施例では、主面として(0001)面を例に述べたが、主面として(000−1)面を用いてもよい。
すなわち、本明細書では、炭化珪素ショットキーバリアダイオードを実施例として例示しその製造方法を詳述したが、本発明は前記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱することがなければ、種々の設計変更を行うことが可能である。
またこれらの材料を2種以上組み合わせて添加してもよい。
2 低濃度n型炭化珪素ドリフト層
3 n型領域
4 p型領域(終端)
5 p型領域(FLR)
6 オーミック電極
7 層間絶縁膜
8 ショットキー電極
9 電極パッド
10 パッシベーション膜
11 外部電極層
Claims (5)
- ニッケルと、ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属とが、所定の組成比に調整された混合体あるいは合金からなるターゲットをスパッタすることにより、炭化珪素基板上にオーミック金属膜を形成する工程と、前記金属膜に熱処理を施し焼成する工程とを含むことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
- 炭化珪素基板の第一の主面にエピタキシャル層を成長させる工程と、該炭化珪素基板の第二の主面にニッケルと、ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属とが、所定の組成比に調整された混合体あるいは合金からなるターゲットをスパッタすることにより、炭化珪素基板上にオーミック金属膜を形成する工程と、前記金属膜に熱処理を施し焼成する工程とを含むことを特徴とする炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属は、モリブデン、タングステン、タンタル、バナジウム、ジルコニウム、チタン、クロム、アルミニウムから選定された1種又は2種以上の金属であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
- 前記ニッケルの透磁率を低減させるとともに炭化物を生成する金属がチタンであり、前記ターゲット中のチタン比率が8%以上50%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
- 前記熱処理を施す温度が1050℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置のオーミック電極の製造方法。
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CN201380018024.3A CN104303269B (zh) | 2012-04-06 | 2013-03-18 | 碳化硅半导体装置的制造方法 |
US14/390,715 US9281194B2 (en) | 2012-04-06 | 2013-03-18 | Fabrication method of silicon carbide semiconductor apparatus |
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JP2016015424A (ja) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-28 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2017168673A (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | 富士電機株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体素子および炭化珪素半導体素子の製造方法 |
JP2017168685A (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-09-21 | 富士電機株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
US9793121B2 (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2017-10-17 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing silicon carbide semiconductor device |
JPWO2017046868A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2018-04-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法、電力変換装置、3相モータシステム、自動車並びに鉄道車両 |
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DE112013001927T5 (de) | 2015-02-26 |
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CN104303269B (zh) | 2017-05-03 |
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