JP2012079604A - リチウムイオン電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012079604A JP2012079604A JP2010225314A JP2010225314A JP2012079604A JP 2012079604 A JP2012079604 A JP 2012079604A JP 2010225314 A JP2010225314 A JP 2010225314A JP 2010225314 A JP2010225314 A JP 2010225314A JP 2012079604 A JP2012079604 A JP 2012079604A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- electrolyte
- battery
- dmc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 42
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 x = 0.01 to 0.2) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002194 amorphous carbon material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical group O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCOC1=O VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AETJTBDBQRMLLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)OC1Cl AETJTBDBQRMLLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006929 Li1.03Mn1.97O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical compound [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract
【解決手段】正極,負極,非水電解液を備えたリチウムイオン電池において、非水電解液にエチレンカーボネートとジメチルカーボネートを特定の量で使用し、かつリン酸トリメチルを添加する。具体的には、非水電解液は60体積%以上の割合でエチレンカーボネート(EC)およびジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を有し、ECとDMCの和に対するDMCの体積比率が0.3〜0.6であり、非水電解液の総重量に対し3〜5重量%のリン酸トリメチル(TMP)を含有するものとする。このような非水電解液は、自己消火性を高める効果を有し、リチウムイオン電池の安全性を向上させる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
そのため、電解液が着火しにくく、消火作用を有するものが望ましい。上述の特許文献1,2のようにリン酸トリメチルを電解液に添加し、電解液の自己消火作用の向上を目指すほかにも、種々の電解液の燃焼抑制の手段が検討されている(特開2002−343426号公報,特開2005−353579号公報,特開2007−149619号公報,特開2007−220313号公報,特開2009−4357号公報,特開2010−27610号公報など)。
電池容器102への蓋103の取り付けには、溶接の他に、かしめ,接着などの他の方法を採ることができる。
イミド系バインダを用いるときには、窒素等を含む不活性ガス雰囲気中にて300℃以上の高温の熱処理を行い、電極中のバインダを硬化させる。また、塗布から乾燥までを複数回おこなうことにより、多層合剤層を集電体に形成させることも可能である。
これが燃焼反応を促進する酸素ラジカルを捕捉し、燃焼反応を終了させる作用がある。ただし、LiPF6が主な電解質であれば、LiBF4を添加しても良い。LiBF4の添加量はLiPF6に対して2/8以下であれば、LiPF6のフッ素が燃焼反応を抑制させる作用があり、好適である。大電流を必要とするリチウムイオン電池の場合は、電解液の導電率が高い方が望ましいので、LiBF4の添加量をLiPF6に対して1.5/8.5〜0.5/9.5の範囲に設定することが好ましい。また、電解質には、電池に内蔵される正極あるいは負極上で分解しなければ、他の電解質を用いても良い。例えば、LiClO4,LiCF3SO3,LiCF3CO2,LiAsF6,LiSbF6、あるいはリチウムトリフルオロメタンスルホンイミドで代表されるリチウムのイミド塩などの多種類のリチウム塩がある。ただし、LiPF6の量は、全電解質量に対し80%以上であることが好ましい。
外部機器219は充電時に電力を供給し、放電時に電力を消費させた。リチウムイオン電池201a,201bを定格容量が得られる通常の充電を行う。例えば、1時間率の充電電流にて、4.1Vあるいは4.2Vの定電圧充電を0.5時間、実行することができる。充電条件は、リチウムイオン電池の材料の種類,使用量などの設計で決まるので、電池の仕様ごとに最適な条件とする。
102,202 電池容器
103 蓋
104,204 正極外部端子
105,205 負極外部端子
106,206 注液口
107,207 正極
108,208 負極
109,209 セパレータ
110 正極リード線
111 負極リード線
112,212 絶縁性シール材料
203 電池蓋
213,214,215,217,218,220,221 電力ケーブル
216 充放電制御器
219 外部機器
222 再生可能なエネルギーの発電装置
Claims (6)
- 正極,負極,非水電解液を備えたリチウムイオン電池において、
前記非水電解液は60体積%以上の割合でエチレンカーボネート(EC)およびジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を有し、
前記エチレンカーボネートと前記ジメチルカーボネートの和に対するジメチルカーボネートの体積比率が0.3〜0.6であり、
前記非水電解液は、電解質としてLiPF6を含み、
前記非水電解液の総重量に対し3〜5重量%のリン酸トリメチル(TMP)を含有することを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。 - 請求項1に記載されたリチウムイオン電池において、
前記非水電解液はエチルメチルカーボネートを含むことを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。 - 請求項1に記載されたリチウムイオン電池において、
前記非水電解液は、電解質としてLiPF6及びLiBF4を含み、前記LiBF4の含有量がLiPF6の2/8以下であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。 - 請求項1に記載されたリチウムイオン電池において、
前記非水電解液はビニレンカーボネートまたはスルトンの少なくともいずれかを含み、 前記ビニレンカーボネート及びスルトンの添加量が、非水電解液の重量に対し、0.1〜2重量%であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。 - 請求項1に記載されたリチウムイオン電池において、
電解液を湿らせた不織布を鉛直方向に設置し、不織布下部に着火させたときの消火時間が3秒以内であることを特徴とするリチウムイオン電池。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載されたリチウムイオン電池を搭載した電池システム。
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JP2010225314A JP5630189B2 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | リチウムイオン電池 |
US13/877,687 US20130189591A1 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-08-19 | Lithium-Ion Battery |
PCT/JP2011/068775 WO2012046514A1 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-08-19 | リチウムイオン電池 |
EP11830447.6A EP2626943A4 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-08-19 | LITHIUM ION BATTERY |
KR1020137011593A KR20130060362A (ko) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-08-19 | 리튬 이온 전지 |
CN2011800449227A CN103125042A (zh) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-08-19 | 锂离子电池 |
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JP2013004316A (ja) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-01-07 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | リチウムイオン電池及びそれを利用した電池システム |
WO2015041167A1 (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | 非水二次電池 |
JP2015522930A (ja) * | 2012-07-20 | 2015-08-06 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 電気化学電池 |
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CA2908044C (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2022-08-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Nonaqueous electrolyte compositions |
WO2017094238A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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