JP2009531417A - リンゴ酸塩類、及び(3s,5s)−7−[3−アミノ−5−メチルーピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸の多形体類 - Google Patents
リンゴ酸塩類、及び(3s,5s)−7−[3−アミノ−5−メチルーピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸の多形体類 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009531417A JP2009531417A JP2009502298A JP2009502298A JP2009531417A JP 2009531417 A JP2009531417 A JP 2009531417A JP 2009502298 A JP2009502298 A JP 2009502298A JP 2009502298 A JP2009502298 A JP 2009502298A JP 2009531417 A JP2009531417 A JP 2009531417A
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- Prior art keywords
- malate
- salt
- reaction
- kilograms
- compound
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
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- -1 D-malate anhydride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
製造規模での結晶化は、溶液を操作して、関心のある化合物の溶解限度を超えるようにすることにより達成される。これは種々の方法により達成され得るが、例えば、化合物を比較的高温で溶解させ、次に溶液を飽和限界未満まで冷却することによって達成され得る。あるいは、液体体積は、沸騰、周囲気圧蒸発、真空乾燥または幾つかの他の手段によって減少させてもよい。関心のある化合物の溶解度は、逆溶媒または化合物が低下した溶解度を示す溶媒またはこのような溶媒の混合物を添加することによって減少させてもよい。別の選択肢は、pHを調節して溶解度を低下させることであり得る。結晶化の詳細な説明は、「結晶化(Crystallization)」(第3版、J.W.ミュレンズ(Mullens)著、バターワース−・ハイネマン社(Butterworth-Heineman Ltd)、1993年、ISBN0750611294)」を参照のこと。
本発明はまた、被験体に安全かつ有効な量の塩または多形体を投与することによって、ヒトまたは他の動物被験体において、感染性疾患を治療または予防する方法を提供する。本明細書で使用するとき、「感染性疾患」とは、微生物感染が存在することを特徴とする疾患である。本発明の好ましい方法は、細菌性感染症の治療のためのものである。このような感染性疾患として、(例えば)中枢神経系感染症、外耳感染症、中耳感染症(例えば、急性中耳炎)、硬膜静脈洞感染症、眼感染症、口腔感染症(例えば、歯、歯ぐき及び粘膜の感染症)、上気道感染症、下気道感染症(肺炎を含む)、泌尿生殖器感染症、胃腸感染症、産婦人科感染症、敗血症、腐敗症、腹膜炎、骨関節感染症、皮膚及び皮膚組織感染症、細菌性心内膜炎、火傷、外科抗菌予防、並びに術後患者または免疫抑制患者の抗菌予防(例えば、癌化学療法を受けている患者、または臓器移植患者)が挙げられる。
(a)安全かつ効果的な量の本発明の塩または多形体、及び
(b)製薬上許容できる担体を含んでよい。
A.(3S,5S)−(5−メチル−ピペリジン−3−イル)−カルバミン酸−第3ブチルエステル(8)の合成:
ソルトスクリーンを100mgの遊離塩基に対して実施する。分離した塩の形態は、NMR、元素分析、TG−DTA、XRD、及びHPLCによって評価する。表1は、これら塩形態の物理的及び化学的特質について記載する。そこに示すように、リンゴ酸塩類によって、所望の溶解度、安定性、及び分離容易性の間でのバランスを取ることが可能である。加えて、リンゴ酸塩類の使用はキラル精製に役立つ場合がある。更に、D,L−リンゴ酸塩、D−リンゴ酸塩またはL−リンゴ酸塩は、除去されるキラル不純物の性質に応じて異なった利点を提供することが可能である。水和形態は、優れた分離容易性に加えて、より良い湿分性及び固体安定性を提供する場合がある。無水形態の使用は、溶解度及び溶解速度を明らかに向上させる場合がある。従って、化合物Iのリンゴ酸塩類は、分離し易さ、減少した吸湿性、水中でのより大きな溶解度、より大きな安定性、及び処方し易さを含む、ある種の利点を示す。
A.遊離塩基からの化合物IのD,L−リンゴ酸塩の合成:化合物Iの遊離塩基10グラム及びD,L−リンゴ酸1当量を95%エタノール105mL中にて加熱して、還流させる(約78℃)。温度を78℃近傍に維持しつつ、15mLの水を添加する。完全に溶解するまで、撹拌及び加熱を継続する。完全な溶解を確実にするために、追加の水を添加してもよい。撹拌しながら、溶液をゆっくりと(少なくとも3時間かけて)室温まで冷却して、結晶化を開始させる。油状またはろう状の塊(または半水和物以外の相)が沈殿する場合、溶液を再加熱して沈殿物を完全に溶解させて、よりゆっくりと冷却する。次に、結晶性固形分を濾過し、少量の95%エタノールで洗浄する。結晶を周囲気圧、室温、相対湿度25%〜75%にて乾燥する。
A.遊離塩基からの化合物IのD−リンゴ酸塩の合成:化合物Iの遊離塩基10グラム及びD−リンゴ酸1当量を95%エタノール75mL中にて加熱して、還流させる(約78℃)。温度を78℃近傍に維持しつつ、25mLの水を添加する。完全に溶解するまで、撹拌及び加熱を継続する。完全な溶解を確実にするために、追加の水を添加してもよい。撹拌しながら、溶液をゆっくりと(少なくとも3時間かけて)室温まで冷却して、結晶化を開始させる。油状またはろう状の塊(または水和物以外の相)が沈殿する場合、溶液を再加熱して沈殿物を完全に溶解させて、よりゆっくりと冷却する。次に、結晶性固形分を濾過し、少量の95%エタノールで洗浄する。結晶を周囲気圧、室温、相対湿度25%〜75%にて乾燥する。
A.遊離塩基からの化合物IのL−リンゴ酸塩の合成:化合物Iの遊離塩基10グラム及びL−リンゴ酸1当量を95%エタノール75mL中にて加熱して、還流させる(約78℃)。温度を78℃近傍に維持しつつ、25mLの水を添加する。完全に溶解するまで、撹拌及び加熱を継続する。完全な溶解を確実にするために、追加の水を添加してもよい。撹拌しながら、溶液をゆっくりと(少なくとも3時間かけて)室温まで冷却して、結晶化を開始させる。油状またはろう状の塊(または水和物以外の相)が沈殿する場合、溶液を再加熱して沈殿物を完全に溶解させて、よりゆっくりと冷却する。次に、結晶性固形分を濾過し、少量の95%エタノールで洗浄する。結晶を周囲気圧、室温、相対湿度25%〜75%にて乾燥する。
化合物IのD−リンゴ酸塩半水和物280mgを乾燥メタノール5mL中にて70℃まで加熱する。塩が完全に溶解するまで、加熱及び撹拌を継続する。次に、溶液をゆっくりと室温まで撹拌しながら冷却する(少なくとも約3時間かけて冷却する)。結晶を濾過し、乾燥窒素パージ下にて乾燥して、試料を乾燥工程中での湿分から保護する。
化合物IのL−リンゴ酸塩半水和物200mgを乾燥メタノール2mL中にて70℃まで加熱する。塩が完全に溶解するまで、加熱及び撹拌を継続する。溶液を極めてゆっくりと室温まで冷却する。溶液は、結晶化が生じるまで、更に時間を延長して攪拌するか、あるいは、溶液を乾燥窒素と共に蒸発させて、より迅速な結晶化を生じさせて、結晶化及び分離工程中の吸水から物質を保護する。
前述した方法を使用して得てもよい各種多形体類は、後述の技術を使用することを更に特徴とすることが可能である。
実用的な製造条件下にて、7−[3S−アミノ−5S−メチル−ピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸のリンゴ酸塩類を形成しかつ分離してよい。塩形成のためのキラルリンゴ酸塩(ラセミ混合物またはキラル純粋形態として)によって、場合により、7−[3S−アミノ−5S−メチル−ピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸のキラル精製を補助してよい。部類としては、リンゴ酸塩類は水にやや溶け難く(米国薬局方28定義による)かつ好ましい化学的安定性を示す。水和した形態は、動的ベーパーソープション法の測定及び静的湿度室での研究によれば、75%以下の相対湿度に対して相安定性を示す。同一試験方法を使用することにより、無水物形態が湿気を吸収し、湿気にさらされて自然と対応する水和形態に変換されることが示された。
D,L−リンゴ酸塩半水和物の構造は、単結晶X線回折によって最終的に決定される。本部分の最小単位は、7−[3S−アミノ−5S−メチル−ピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸の2つの分子、D−リンゴ酸の1つの分子、L−リンゴ酸の1つの分子及び水の1つの分子から成る。水和物水にはチャネル性があり、このため相対湿度によって含水量がある程度変化する。
D−リンゴ酸塩水和物及びL−リンゴ酸塩水和物は、結晶性固形分として、水性溶媒系から速やかに分離してよい。分離を問題なく行うには、キラル的に純粋な酸の使用が必要である。D,L−リンゴ酸塩半水和物と同様に、水和物水は、チャネル様であり、水分含有量は相対湿度にある程度依存する。
いずれの形態の無水物も、高精細のX線回折パターンを生じるのに十分なサイズの微結晶にて分離することはできない。無水物の分離は多くの場合、高表面積物質へとゆっくりと結晶化する油またはワックスを生じる。無水物は、ナノ結晶性物質と一致する粉末パターンを生じる。得られたX線回折パターンは、非常に小さなシグナル及び分離不能ピークを有する。ナノ結晶性の高表面積無水物は、湿気にさらすと、対応する水和物形態に転換する。
Claims (16)
- (3S,5S)−7−[3−アミノ−5−メチルーピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸のリンゴ酸塩。
- 0重量%〜5重量%の水を含む多型性塩である、請求項1に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 1重量%〜5重量%の水が存在する、請求項2に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 0重量%〜2重量%の水が存在する、請求項2に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 図1、図2、または図3のパターンと実質的に一致することを特徴とするX線回折パターンを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 図4、図5または図6のパターンと実質的に一致することを特徴とする固体13CNMRスペクトルを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 図7または図8のパターンと実質的に一致することを特徴とする固体13CNMRスペクトルを有する、請求項4に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 図9、図10、または図11のパターンと実質的に一致することを特徴とする赤外線スペクトルパターンを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 図12または図13のパターンと実質的に一致することを特徴とする赤外線スペクトルパターンを有する、請求項4に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 約10.7度、約11.98度及び約12.5度(2θ)に、特徴的なX線回折ピークを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 約9.3度、約12.1度及び約22.6度(2θ)に、特徴的なX線回折ピークを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- 約9.5度、約11.7度及び約12.3度(2θ)に、特徴的なX線回折ピークを有する、請求項3に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- D,L−リンゴ酸塩半水和物、D−リンゴ酸塩水和物、L−リンゴ酸塩水和物、D−リンゴ酸塩無水物、及びL−リンゴ酸塩無水物から選択される多型性塩である、請求項1に記載のリンゴ酸塩。
- (3S,5S)−7−[3−アミノ−5−メチルーピペリジニル]−1−シクロプロピル−1,4−ジヒドロ−8−メトキシ−4−オキソ−3−キノリンカルボン酸のD,L−リンゴ酸塩半水和物多型性塩。
- a.請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載の安全かつ効果的な量のリンゴ酸塩、及び
b.薬学的に許容可能な担体を含む、医薬組成物。 - 感染性疾患の治療または予防を必要としているヒトまたはその他の動物におけるかかる処置に用いるための薬剤の製造における、請求項1から14のいずれか1項に記載のリンゴ酸塩の使用。
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