Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
  • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02D35/0007—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for using electrical feedback
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
  • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
  • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
  • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
  • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
  • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
  • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
  • F02D13/0253—Fully variable control of valve lift and timing using camless actuation systems such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electromagnetic actuators, e.g. solenoid valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
  • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/2017—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost current or using reference switching
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/2068—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the circuit design or special circuit elements
  • F02D2041/2079—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the circuit design or special circuit elements the circuit having several coils acting on the same anchor

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for controlling an electromagnetically actuated actuating device, in particular a periodically operated gas exchange valve for internal combustion engines, and an actuating device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of the independent claims.
• Electromagnetically actuated actuators in particular actuators for actuating gas exchange valves on internal combustion engines, are known in the literature.
• US-A-5, 636,601 discloses a control method for such an actuator.
• the actuating device consists of a plunger which acts on the actuating member and which is connected to an armature which is axially movably guided between pole faces by two electromagnets arranged at an axial distance.
• Two counter-rotating actuating springs hold the armature in an intermediate position approximately midway between the pole faces of the electromagnets when the electromagnets are switched off.
• the control is intended to adapt the operation of the actuating device to different operating conditions.
• EP 0 11 038 A2 discloses a method for operating an actuating device in which a position sensor is used to determine the valve position.
• the switch-on and switch-off duration of the closer and / or opener magnet is derived from various operating parameters, such as the crank angle, the accelerator pedal position or the air-fuel ratio.
• the position sensor registers the position of the valve to avoid possible collisions with the piston.
• CONFIRMATION OPIE eliminate. This can lead to a malfunction of the actuating device, in particular to increased wear of the actuating device, undesirable noise development and excessive energy consumption. A safe continuous operation of the actuating device is not possible.
• the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for controlling an actuating device and an arrangement for carrying out the method, which enables safe continuous operation of the actuating device and reduces wear on the actuating device.
• the current flow through the electromagnets is set so that the armature and / or the actuator moves along a predetermined position-speed characteristic.
• the position of the actuator and / or the armature is preferably detected with a displacement sensor and / or the speed of the actuator and / or the armature is determined from the position and the position and / or speed are fed to a regulating and control unit, which is more current taking into account
• Actuating variables of the actuating device which are made available by a data source, processes the signals into a control signal for the electromagnets and influences the current flow through the electromagnets with the control signal.
• the determination of position and / or speed by determining the inductance and / or the inductance change of a coil, which is used as a displacement sensor element, is particularly preferred.
• the coil is preferably part of an oscillating circuit whose frequency is a measure of the inductance of the coil.
• the frequency is advantageously a measure of the position of the armature and / or the actuator, in particular the change in frequency is a measure of the speed of the armature and / or the actuator. It is favorable that the current flow through the electromagnets is adjusted with the method according to the invention in such a way that the armature and / or the actuator moves safely along a predetermined position-speed characteristic. In particular, the current flow through the electromagnets is adjusted so that the speed of the armature touching the pole surface is less than 3 m / sec.
• the shape of the coil is expediently chosen so that the position-frequency relationship is at least approximately linear.
• a preferred shape for the spool is a screw shape.
• Another preferred shape is the cylindrical shape.
• the electromagnetically actuated actuating device has an actuating element, in particular a periodically operated gas exchange valve for internal combustion engines, and a connecting rod which is non-positively connected to it and which has an armature fixed transversely to its longitudinal axis, which can be moved within a magnet unit between opposing pole faces of two electromagnets arranged at an axial distance is, wherein two return springs acting in the axial direction are arranged on the actuating device, so that the armature is in a de-energized state of the electromagnet in a central position between the electromagnets.
• the actuating device is at least indirectly connected to a displacement sensor element which determines the current position of the armature and / or the actuating member.
• the speed of the actuator and / or the armature is preferably determined from the position by means of a displacement sensor.
• the displacement sensor is preferably assigned to the push rod of the actuating device, in connection therewith and / or part of the latter.
• the displacement sensor element is arranged on the push rod end remote from the actuator. In a further preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor element is arranged closely adjacent to the magnet unit. In a further preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor element is arranged within a region of the electromagnet that is essentially free of magnetic fields, in particular within the electromagnet closest to the push rod end. The displacement sensor element is particularly preferably arranged between the pole faces of the electromagnets. In a preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor is a semiconductor sensor, in particular a Hall sensor. In a further preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor is a magnetic sensor. In a further preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor is an optical sensor. In a further preferred embodiment, the displacement sensor is a capacitive sensor.
• the displacement sensor element particularly preferably has a coil, the inductance of which can be changed at least indirectly by the push rod.
• the displacement sensor is formed by a coil into which the push rod of the actuating device can at least temporarily dip.
• the push rod is expediently designed such that the inductance of the coil is influenced by the push rod.
• the push rod end remote from the actuator expediently has metal and / or magnetic material and / or ferrite material.
• the actual touchdown position and / or the touchdown time of the armature can also be exactly determined by means of the displacement sensor.
• the actuating device can be connected to a control and regulating unit, which is provided for processing signals from the displacement sensor element and operating parameters of a machine connected to the actuating device.
• FIG. 1 shows an actuating device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows an arrangement according to the invention with a displacement sensor
• FIG. 3 shows an actuating device according to the invention with a control and regulating unit
• FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of an inventive control and regulating method
• FIG. 5 shows a path-time diagram of an actuating device according to the invention.
• the armature touchdown speed is too high, the armature bounces off the pole face and the armature cannot be held by the electromagnet. In this case, a gas exchange valve cannot close and / or open.
• the force when the armature impacts leads to increased wear on the actuator of the actuator. If the touchdown speed is high but just low enough to hold the armature against the spring force due to the magnetic attraction at the pole surface, the large impulse of the armature at the point of impact also leads to increased wear and material fatigue of the actuator and armature.
• a speed of 0 m / s is aimed at when the armature is placed on the pole face; the speed of the armature when it is placed on a pole face is preferably less than 3 m / s.
• Any gas exchange valve can thus safely close and open, the material of the actuating device is also protected against increased wear, undesirable noise development during the movement of the armature and / or the actuating member is avoided, and energy consumption is also advantageously reduced.
• the adjusting device is at least indirectly connected to a displacement sensor with which the position and / or the speed of the armature can be determined. If the position of the armature is known, the position of the actuator is preferably known at the same time. A control and regulating unit picks up these signals from the displacement sensor and regulates the current flow through the electromagnets in such a way that the touchdown speed falls below a predetermined limit at the touchdown point.
• the adjusting device is shown by way of example using a gas exchange valve, in particular for an internal combustion engine, but the invention is not restricted to this application.
• the method according to the invention is suitable for actuating devices which are operated by means of electromagnets.
• the adjusting device 1 consists of an actuator 2, in particular a valve, with a push rod 3 and an anchor 4 arranged transversely to the push rod.
• the push rod 3 is non-positively connected to the valve 2.
• the push rod 3 projects into a magnet unit 5.
• two electromagnets 6 and 7 are arranged axially to the push rod 3, the pole faces 6.1 and 7.1 of which lie opposite one another.
• the armature 4 is movable between the lower and the upper electromagnets 6 and 7 in the axial direction.
• Two counter-acting return springs 8.1 and 8.2 which are arranged between the valve 2 and the magnet unit 5 and which surround the lower region of the push rod 3 of the adjusting unit 1, cause the armature 4 in the de-energized state of the electromagnets 6 and 7 in approximately one The middle position lingers between the pole faces 6.1 and 7.1.
• the springs can also be arranged on both sides of the armature 4 within the magnet unit 5. Since electrical current flows alternately through the electromagnets 6, 7, the armature 4 is alternately attracted to one of the pole faces 6.1, 7.1 of the electromagnets 6, 7 which are energized in each case. The armature moves back and forth periodically, thereby moving the actuator 2.
• valve 2 If the electromagnet 7 is switched on, the armature 4 comes to rest against its pole face 7.1, the spring element 8.2 being compressed and the spring element 8.1 being substantially relieved. In this position, valve 2 is open. To close the valve 2, the electromagnet 7 is switched off and the electromagnet 6 is switched on. The armature 4 is no longer held on the pole face 7.1, but is pulled in the direction of the pole face 6.1 by the spring force of the spring element 8.2 and the attraction force of the electromagnet 6. The armature / spring system swings beyond the central position to the pole face 6.1 and is held there by the energized electromagnet 6 on its pole face 6.1. In this position, the spring element 8.1 is compressed and the spring element 8.2 is substantially relieved. The valve 2 is closed.
• a displacement sensor element 9 is arranged in the upper region of the push rod 3 of the actuating device 1.
• the displacement sensor element 9 has one displacement sensor or a plurality of displacement sensors.
• the displacement sensors can be the same or different. Only one displacement sensor 9 is described below.
• the displacement sensor 9 preferably registers the position of the push rod 3 and thus at the same time the position of the armature 4 and the actuator 2.
• the position signal of the displacement sensor 9 is preferably processed in a unit 10, in particular a speed signal v is determined from position signals s, and from there it is input into a control and regulating unit 11. It is also possible to process the sensor signals directly in the control and regulating unit 11; In this embodiment, a separate processing unit 10 is not necessary.
• the speed of the armature 4 be ⁇ leaves from the sensor signal to agree on a simple manner by time-discrete preferably, especially in short time intervals vergli- chen with the total duration of the anchor from one pole face to another pole face 6.1, 7.1 takes the position Armature 4 is determined, in particular the distance traveled by the armature 4 and / or the actuator 2 is also determined. A time difference of a few tenths or hundredths of a millisecond between the measuring points is expedient.
• the control and regulating unit 1 1 evaluates and / or processes the position signal of the actuating device 1 and leads to a targeted influencing of the output stages 12 and 13 for the two electromagnets 6 and 7.
• the control and regulating unit can expediently still be via a line 14 to a central control unit of the device, in particular the internal combustion engine, which is equipped with the actuating device 1.
• the central control unit is not shown separately.
• Such a possible control unit can contain manipulated variables, in particular operating parameters such as opening and / or closing angle, opening and / or closing times, speed and / or load of an internal combustion engine, temperature values of coolants and lubricants and / or temperature values of semiconductor switches.
• manipulated variables are expediently made available to the control and regulating unit 11 and, together with the position value and / or the speed of the actuating device 1 derived therefrom, into one Control signal for the electromagnets 6, 7 of the actuating device 1 processed.
• the control signal is such that the speed at which the armature 4 touches the pole faces 6.1, 7.1 is minimal, preferably less than 3 m / s.
• the displacement sensor 9 is in the end positions of the armature 4, i.e. calibrated in the mounting positions of the armature 4 on the respective pole faces 6.1 and 7.1 and / or in the rest position of the armature 4 by means of the control and regulating unit 11.
• the displacement sensor 9 is preferably a semiconductor sensor, in particular a Hall sensor, a magnetic sensor, an optical sensor or a capacitive sensor. All types of displacement sensors which enable a clock frequency, preferably in the range from tenths to hundredths ms, for reading out the positions of the armature 4 are favorable.
• the displacement sensor 9 is formed by a coil into which the push rod 3 of the actuating device 1 can at least partially be immersed.
• the push rod 3 is expediently designed such that the inductance of the coil is changed.
• the inductance of the coil is preferably measured using a frequency measurement, in particular in an oscillating circuit.
• the measured frequency is a measure of the position and the change in frequency is a measure of the speed of the armature 4.
• the design of the coil 9 is preferably selected so that the relationship between the path covered by the armature 4 and the frequency of the resonant circuit containing the coil 9 is as linear as possible or at least approximately linear. This makes the evaluation of the position signals and the regulation and / or control particularly simple and reliable. Since the speed of the armature 4 can also be determined from the position, the relationship between the speed and the frequency change is at least approximately linear.
• the moving parts of the adjusting device 1, in particular the push rod 3, are expediently made of materials, at least in the areas that can be detected by the measuring coil, that can change the inductance of the coil 9.
• the areas detectable by the measuring coil 9 are preferably electrically conductive, particularly preferably metallic.
• the push rod 3 itself is preferably metallic, at least in some areas. It is advantageous to operate the measuring coil 9 with an alternating current of a sufficiently high frequency, in particular> 1 MHz, so that the inductance of the measuring coil 9, which decreases with increasing eddy currents in the connecting rod 3, is detected.
• the phase-locked loop preferably contains a voltage-controlled oscillator, the control voltage of which serves as the output signal,
• the voltage of the output signal of the frequency measurement in FIG. 10 is a measure of the position of the armature 4 in the adjusting device 1.
• FIG. 2 shows a section through a particularly preferred arrangement of an actuating device with a displacement sensor 9 according to the invention.
• a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine is shown here as actuator 2.
• the measuring coil 9 is arranged in the yoke 7.2 of the upper electromagnet 7, where it is essentially unaffected by any energization of the electromagnet 7 and thus enables a largely undisturbed measurement of the inductance change in the coil 9 caused by the periodic immersion of the push rod 3 in the coil 9 .
• the push rod end is preferably metallic.
• the push rod end has a magnetic material.
• the push rod end has ferrite.
• the push rod 3 can in particular itself be formed from a material that changes the inductance of the coil 9. Another preferred arrangement is to provide means on a push rod 3 which influence the inductance of the coil 9.
• a favorable embodiment is to attach a push rod made of a different material to an actuator 2 made of ceramic.
• the magnet unit 5 is surrounded by a sleeve 15.
• the electromagnets 6, 7 consist of the pole faces 6.1, 7.1, the windings 6.3, 7.3 and their associated yoke 6.2, 7.2.
• the push rod 3 of the actuating device 1 is mounted with slide bearings 16.1, 16.2 in the electromagnets 7 and 6 and the valve 2 with a slide bearing 16.3 in the cylinder head 18.
• the sleeve 15 is connected to the cylinder head 18.
• the return springs 8.1 and 8.2 are arranged inside the sleeve 15 and below the magnet unit 5 around the push rod 3 and are supported on plate-shaped shoulders 17.1 and 17.2 between the two springs 8.1, 8.2.
• the approach 17.1 is connected to the push rod 3, the approach 17.2 is connected to the cylinder head 18.
• the advantage of this arrangement is that with respect to the coil 9 induktelless Snde We ⁇ effect of the push rod end 3 especially easy by the measuring coil 9 must be recognized and that the entire assembly is compact and insensitive to interference.
• the installation location of the displacement sensor 9 is also suitable for other sensor types, in particular for semiconductor sensor types.
• a controller with an attached control is used to operate the actuating device 1.
• the movement of the adjusting device 1 is constantly compared with the setpoint characteristics by the control and is not left to its own dynamics. It is thereby achieved that smaller deviations from target specifications due to disturbance variables occurring during the operation of the adjusting device 1 can be reliably compensated for by the control. Since only small deviations have to be corrected by the control, the control is fast enough.
• control and regulation unit 1 1 is outlined according to the invention.
• the control and regulating unit 1 1 consists of a control unit 1 1.1, a multiplexer unit 1 1.2, a data memory 1 1.3 and a pulse width modulation unit 1 1.4.
• a measuring coil is used as the position sensor 9.
• the position of the armature 4 is determined indirectly via the immersion depth of the push rod 3 in the measuring coil 4 by registering the inductance of the coil 9.
• the coil 9 forms, together with a capacitance in element 10.1, an oscillator, in particular with a customary damping.
• the oscillation frequency of the oscillator is converted into a voltage or a current, in particular by means of a phase locked loop.
• Changes the immersion depth of the push rod end in the coil 9, the frequency of the oscillator is detuned, which too a change in the output of element 10.2 leads. From two closely adjacent position measurements of the armature 4, its speed v can be determined in a simple manner by time differentiation, in particular by time-discrete differentiation.
• the output signal of element 10.2 is fed into multiplexer unit 1 1.2 of control and regulating unit 1 1.
• the control unit 1 1.1 retrieves the data from the multiplexer unit 1 1.2.
• the control unit 1 1.1 additionally receives data from a central control unit (not shown) which reaches the control and regulating unit 11 via the data line 14. These data preferably contain details of the operating state of the internal combustion engine and the desired control angles for the gas exchange valves.
• the control unit 1 1.1 links the position and / or speed data and / or current data from the multiplexer unit 1 1.2 with the operating parameters and the characteristic data of the data memory 1 1.3 and forms a control signal for the pulse width modulation unit 1 1.4. This controls the output stages 12 and 13, which measure the current flowing through the electromagnets 6 and 7 and pass them on to the multiplexer unit 1 1.2.
• the data line 14 can advantageously be used not only to transmit operating parameters from the central control unit to the control and regulating unit 11, but also to transmit diagnostic data back to the central control device.
• These diagnostic data preferably contain information about the availability of the actuating device 1 or all other data known to the control and regulating unit 11.
• the regulating and control unit 1 1 can thus be used expediently to support any existing control devices.
• the diagnostic data preferably contain information about any malfunctions of the electromagnetic actuating device 1 and / or status information that can be processed by the central control unit, if any. This makes it possible, e.g. switch off defective actuating devices and / or store error messages in a memory and / or inform the user of the internal combustion engine of the malfunction.
• the control and regulating method of the actuating device 1 according to the invention is based on the principle of the trajectory control.
• the aim is to control the actuating device 1 so that the movement of the armature 4 follows a predetermined travel-time characteristic. That is also the speed-time characteristic of the armature 4 and thus the actuator 2 is determined.
• stored in a data memory 1 1.3 a characteristic or a family of characteristic curves, the position s of the armature 4 linked v with its desired speed, in particular at different operating conditions of the internal combustion engine or the influence of the adjusting 5 • apparatus 1 component.
• a target characteristic curve in the s-v plane supplies the speed soil value v for every possible actual value of the anchor position s.
• the deviation between the actual value and the target value of the speed v and the actual value of the position s of the armature 4 become a controller
• the precontrol in particular the switching on and off times of the energization of the electromagnets 6, 7, can advantageously remain unchanged.
• frequent, similar control deviations are registered by the control and regulating unit 11 and the control is adapted by means of correction maps in the data memory 11.3. This makes it possible to compensate for long-term changes in the operating conditions, especially in the event of aging and / or wear of the components involved.
• the anchor 4 is on a pole face 6.1, 7.1 of one of the electromagnets 6, 7, the control and regulating unit 11 regulates the current through the respective electromagnet 6, 7 to a strength which is sufficient to hold the armature 4 permanently.
• the control unit 1 1.1 calibrates the displacement sensor 9 in the two end positions of the armature 4 on the pole faces 6.1, 7.1, since the position of the armature 4 is well known and reproducibly adjustable here. This makes it simple and reliable succeed, eliminate errors due to temperature influences and / or aging to ".
• the switching on and off times of the electromagnets 6, 7, target characteristics of the speed-position profile of the armature 4 and target characteristics of the current-position profile are stored, in particular in digital form. It is expedient to store different switching times and / or target characteristics for different operating conditions, in particular load, speed and / or temperature ranges.
• the advantage is that the actuator can be optimally controlled under different operating conditions.
• a particular advantage of the invention is that the armature / spring system can swing out of the rest position through its own start mode by the control and regulating unit 1 1. Since, according to the invention, the current position of the armature 4 is known, the necessary energy can be injected into the system at the optimal times. The armature 4 can thus be brought into one of the two end positions on the pole faces 6.1, 7.1 of the two electromagnets 6, 7 with high reliability and low energy expenditure.
• FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram of the preferred control and regulating method for a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine.
• operating data of the component supplied by the actuating device 1, in particular the opening and closing angle of the valve 2 are read into the control and regulating unit 11 via the data line 14. This is done from a possible data memory or from a possible central control unit or another available data source.
• information about anticipated counterforces, in particular the exhaust gas back pressure is preferably transmitted.
• a characteristic curve is selected from the data memory 1 1.3 of the control and regulating unit 11, which enables the armature 4 to move with the best possible energy consumption and minimal wear.
• the switch-on and switch-off times of the electromagnets 6, 7 are determined from these data.
• the flow diagram arrives at a loop which ends when the armature 4 ′′ reaches the pole face 6.1 or 7.1 of the attracting electromagnet 6 or 7.
• the position s, the speed v and the current i through the magnet are measured repeatedly.
• the set course of the armature speed v -. »(S) and the set course of the current (s) are read out from the selected characteristic curves in the data memory 1 1.3.
• the target and actual data are compared and the energy in the electromagnet 6, 7 is then reduced, increased or maintained.
• the loop is then repeated.
• the sequence is continued in a current control loop.
• the current through the holding electromagnet 6 or 7 is measured, compared with a desired value and increased or decreased or held in accordance with the control specifications.
• the pulse width can be adapted by means of pulse width modulation.
• the placement position is preferably calibrated in the placement position of the armature 4.
• the vibrating armature / spring system ideally exhibits a sinusoidal curve of position and speed of the armature over time with neglected friction and magnet that can be switched quickly. Since the friction is not negligible in real operation, the control and regulating unit 11 compensates for this by metering the energy to the electromagnets 6, 7 at the optimum times in each case. This enables the anchor / spring system to closely approximate the ideal course of position and speed over time.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
• Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
• Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)
• Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-09-11 DE DE19739840A patent/DE19739840C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-09-07 WO PCT/EP1998/005670 patent/WO1999013202A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-09-07 DE DE59812342T patent/DE59812342D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-09-07 AT AT02018320T patent/ATE283969T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-09-07 JP JP2000510967A patent/JP2001515984A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-09-07 US US09/508,423 patent/US6321700B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-09-07 EP EP02018320A patent/EP1262639B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-09-07 EP EP98951360A patent/EP1012447A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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