EP1099828B1 - Procédé pour osciller un actionneur électromagnétique - Google Patents

Procédé pour osciller un actionneur électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1099828B1
EP1099828B1 EP00121922A EP00121922A EP1099828B1 EP 1099828 B1 EP1099828 B1 EP 1099828B1 EP 00121922 A EP00121922 A EP 00121922A EP 00121922 A EP00121922 A EP 00121922A EP 1099828 B1 EP1099828 B1 EP 1099828B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
frequency
alternating voltage
armature
mass system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00121922A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1099828A3 (fr
EP1099828A2 (fr
Inventor
Konrad Dr. Reif
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1099828A2 publication Critical patent/EP1099828A2/fr
Publication of EP1099828A3 publication Critical patent/EP1099828A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1099828B1 publication Critical patent/EP1099828B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for oscillating an electromagnetic actuator actuating a switching element, in particular an internal combustion engine lift valve, in which an armature acting on the switching element oscillates between two electro-magnetic coils in each case against the force of at least one return spring by alternating energization of the electromagnetic coils is, so that the switching element with the armature and the return springs is an oscillatory spring-mass system, and starting from the idle state of the system, in which the armature is held by the return springs essentially in the middle between these solenoids, to oscillate this Spring-mass system, the electro-magnetic coils are alternately excited by the application of electrical alternating voltage of a certain frequency.
  • EP 0 118 591 B1 reference is made to DE 33 07 070 C2.
  • an electromagnetic actuator with the features of claim 1 is the electromagnetically actuated valve train of internal combustion engines, ie the gas exchange stroke valves of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine are desired by such actuators Actuated, that is, oscillatingly opened and closed.
  • the globe valves are moved individually or in groups via electromechanical actuators, the so-called actuators, the timing for the opening and closing of each globe valve being essentially entirely free to choose.
  • the valve timing of the internal combustion engine can be optimally adapted to the current operating state (this is defined by speed and load) and to the respective requirements with regard to consumption, torque, emissions, comfort and response behavior of a vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine.
  • the essential components of a known actuator for actuating the lift valves of an internal combustion engine are an armature and two electromagnets for holding the armature in the "lift valve open” or “lift valve closed” position with the associated solenoid coils, and also return springs for the movement of the armature between the positions "lift valve open” and “lift valve closed”.
  • FIG. 1 shows such an actuator with an associated lift valve in the two possible end positions of the lift valve and actuator armature, and the course of the armature stroke between the two states or positions of the actuator / lift valve unit shown z or armature path between the two solenoid coils over time t is shown in simplified form.
  • FIG. 1 the closing process of an internal combustion engine lift valve is shown, which is designated by reference number 1 and which in this case moves in the direction of its valve seat 30.
  • a valve closing spring or first return spring 2a acts on this lifting valve 1, furthermore acts on the stem of the lifting valve 1 - here with the interposition of a (not absolutely necessary) hydraulic valve lash compensation element 3 - the whole number 4 Actuator on.
  • this consists of a push rod 4c acting on the stem of the lift valve 1, which carries an armature 4d which is guided in an oscillating, longitudinally displaceable manner between the electromagnetic coils 4a, 4b.
  • a valve opening spring or second return spring 2b also acts on the end of the push rod 4c facing away from the stem of the lifting valve 1.
  • the first end position of this oscillatory system is shown on the left in FIG. 1, in which the lift valve 1 is fully open and the armature 4d rests on the lower electromagnetic coil 4b.
  • the second end position of the oscillatory system is shown on the right in FIG. 1, in which the lift valve 1 is completely closed and the armature 4d bears against the upper electromagnetic coil 4a.
  • the armature 4d is moved into these two end positions by suitable excitation or de-excitation of the respective magnet coils 4a, 4b.
  • the armature 4d When the system is idle, i.e. if neither of the solenoids 4a, 4b is energized, the armature 4d is located substantially in the middle between the two solenoids 4a, 4b and is held in this position by the suitably designed return springs 2a, 2b. Starting from this rest position for a desired operation of this system, i.e. for a desired oscillating actuation of the lift valve 1, the entire spring-mass system can be swung.
  • EP 0 118 591 B1 which was mentioned at the outset, proposes that the excitation frequency, viewed over a longer period of time, initially be chosen to be higher than the resonance frequency of the system and then slowly decreased. This frequency change should take place slowly, so that the stroke valve is excited for a sufficiently long time when the resonance frequency is reached so that the armature can oscillate one after the other into its two end positions.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a remedial measure for the problems described.
  • the solution to this problem is characterized in that an essentially sinusoidal or similar AC voltage is applied to the electro-magnetic coils instead of the previously generally substantially rectangular shape of the AC voltage over time, either in the form of a variable one constant voltage curve or in the form of a corresponding changeable pulse width modulated voltage curve.
  • Advantageous further developments are the content of the subclaims.
  • the voltage profile of the exciting AC voltage is changed or made changeable compared to the known prior art, since further influencing factors can hereby be taken into account.
  • the present invention proposes an essentially sinusoidal or similar course of the applied alternating voltage U, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 2a over time t.
  • This can be a constant voltage curve (as in FIG. 2a ), but alternatively also a corresponding pulse-width-modulated, clocked voltage curve, as shown by way of example in FIG. 2b , and what the end result is directly comparable to the curve in FIG. 2a .
  • This voltage curve can also be changed, so that a more realistic model than previously customary can be used for its determination.
  • the entire actuator which, as explained, from the mechanical spring-mass system and the associated electromagnetic subsystem.
  • This entire actuator represents a non-linear system which, according to the theory of anharmonic vibrations (see, for example, LDLandau and EMLifschitz, Textbook of Theoretical Physics, Volume I: Mechanics, Chapter V, Sections 28, 29, pp. 103-106) has typical nonlinear effects.
  • the resonance frequency of the entire actuator system is shifted compared to the natural frequency of the linear spring-mass oscillator.
  • the location and speed profile of the vibrating element, here the armature generally has no exactly sinusoidal profile.
  • the oscillation frequency depends on the oscillation amplitude.
  • the frequency of the overall system generally depends on the vibration amplitude, so that the frequency of the AC voltage can consequently be changed as a function of the vibration amplitude of the armature.
  • the damping of the spring-mass oscillator contained in the entire actuator can be temperature-dependent, in particular if viscosity influences of a lubricating oil coming into contact with a part of the overall system play a role. This results in a shift in the system resonance frequency, with the result that the electromagnetic actuator must be swung at different frequencies at different ambient temperatures or can only be swung at different frequencies. Such temperature influences can therefore be taken into account when determining the frequency of the proposed periodic, substantially sinusoidal AC voltage. This avoids an unnecessarily high energy consumption of the electromagnetic actuator.
  • the excitation frequency then no longer has to be reduced over an extremely long period of time, as suggested in the aforementioned EP 0 118 591 B1, until it finally becomes of the order of magnitude due to the temperature or cold-influenced increased damping reduced natural frequency of the system.
  • the alternating voltage can be applied to the electro-magnetic coils at a suitable frequency, so that rapid oscillation is achieved, so that there is no unnecessarily high energy consumption.
  • the method according to the invention is thus characterized in particular by a lower energy consumption and thus a lower need for electrical power.
  • fewer amplitudes are required to vibrate the actuator, although it should also be pointed out that details, for example of the actuator actually used, may of course differ from the above description or from the simplified figure representation, without leaving the content of the claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé pour lancer les oscillations d'un actionneur électromagnétique (4) commandant en particulier une soupape (1) de moteur à combustion interne, actionneur dont un induit (4d) agissant sur l'élément de commutation oscille entre deux bobines d'électroaimant (4a, 4b), chaque fois contre la force développée par au moins un ressort de rappel (2a, 2b) par une alimentation alternée des bobines d'électroaimant (4a, 4b) de façon que l'élément de commutation avec l'induit (4d) et les ressorts de rappel (2a, 2b) représente un système ressort - masse susceptible d'osciller ; et
    partant de l'état de repos du système, l'induit (4d) étant tenu par les ressorts de rappel (2a, 2b) essentiellement au milieu entre les deux bobines électromagnétiques (4a, 4b), on lance l'oscillation de ce système ressort -masse en excitant les bobines électromagnétiques (4a, 4b) alternativement avec une tension électrique alternée d'une certaine fréquence,
    caractérisé en ce que
    à la place de la courbe essentiellement rectangulaire habituelle jusqu'alors de la tension alternative (U) en fonction du temps (t) on applique une tension alternative (U) essentiellement de forme sinusoïdale aux bobines d'électroaimant (4a, 4b) et cela soit sous la forme d'une courbe de tension variable en continu soit sous la forme d'une courbe de tension à modulation de largeur d'impulsion, variable correspondante.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la fréquence de la tension alternative résulte de la théorie des oscillations anharmoniques et ne coïncide pas en général avec la fréquence propre du système ressort - masse.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la fréquence de la tension alternative est modifiée en fonction de l'amplitude des oscillations de l'induit.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    lorsque l'on détermine la fréquence de la tension alternative, on tient compte d'une variation de l'amortissement du système ressort - masse et ainsi de sa fréquence de résonance qui dépend en particulier de la température.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on choisit la forme sinusoïdale ou la forme d'onde de la tension alternative pour exciter uniquement l'oscillation fondamentale mais non une harmonique du système ressort - masse.
EP00121922A 1999-11-12 2000-10-07 Procédé pour osciller un actionneur électromagnétique Expired - Lifetime EP1099828B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19954416 1999-11-12
DE19954416A DE19954416A1 (de) 1999-11-12 1999-11-12 Verfahren zum Anschwingen eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1099828A2 EP1099828A2 (fr) 2001-05-16
EP1099828A3 EP1099828A3 (fr) 2002-03-27
EP1099828B1 true EP1099828B1 (fr) 2004-03-31

Family

ID=7928782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121922A Expired - Lifetime EP1099828B1 (fr) 1999-11-12 2000-10-07 Procédé pour osciller un actionneur électromagnétique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6390113B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1099828B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001217123A (fr)
DE (2) DE19954416A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2215537T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20010389A1 (it) * 2001-06-19 2002-12-19 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo di controllo di un attuatore elettromagnetico per il comando di una valvola di un motore a partire da una condizione di riposo
ITBO20010390A1 (it) 2001-06-19 2002-12-19 Magneti Marelli Spa Metodo di controllo di un attuatore elettromagnetico per il comando di una valvola di un motore a partire da una condizione di battuta
JP2004285962A (ja) 2003-03-25 2004-10-14 Toyota Motor Corp 電磁駆動バルブの制御装置
DE10332489A1 (de) * 2003-07-16 2005-02-24 Mahle Filtersysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Anschwingen einer elektromagnetischen Stelleinrichtung
DE102005024173A1 (de) * 2005-05-23 2006-11-30 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung von Schaltelementen
DE102012011934B4 (de) * 2012-06-18 2014-07-10 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Resonazmesssystems und diesbezügliche Resonanzmesssystem
US10234496B2 (en) * 2016-02-16 2019-03-19 Woodward, Inc. Detection of valve open time for solenoid operated fuel injectors
CN107332424A (zh) * 2017-08-15 2017-11-07 李良杰 程控直线电机

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3307070C2 (de) * 1983-03-01 1985-11-28 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft für Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH, 5100 Aachen Stelleinrichtung für ein zwischen zwei Endstellungen verstellbares Schaltelement
DE3307683C1 (de) * 1983-03-04 1984-07-26 Klöckner, Wolfgang, Dr., 8033 Krailling Verfahren zum Aktivieren einer elektromagnetisch arbeitenden Stelleinrichtung sowie Vorrichtung zum Durchfuehren des Verfahrens
DE3402118A1 (de) * 1984-01-23 1985-07-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Steuerventil
JP2772534B2 (ja) * 1989-02-20 1998-07-02 株式会社いすゞセラミックス研究所 電磁力バルブ駆動装置
DE19544207C2 (de) * 1995-11-28 2001-03-01 Univ Dresden Tech Verfahren zur modellbasierten Messung und Regelung von Bewegungen an elektromagnetischen Aktoren
DE29600866U1 (de) * 1996-01-19 1996-03-07 Festo Kg, 73734 Esslingen Schaltungsanordnung zur Steuerung von Magnetventilen
DE19723931A1 (de) * 1997-06-06 1998-12-10 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Steuern eines elektromechanischen Stellgeräts
DE19739840C2 (de) * 1997-09-11 2002-11-28 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung einer elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Stellvorrichtung, insbesondere eines Ventils für Brennkraftmaschinen
US6005763A (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-12-21 Sturman Industries, Inc. Pulsed-energy controllers and methods of operation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1099828A3 (fr) 2002-03-27
US6390113B1 (en) 2002-05-21
ES2215537T3 (es) 2004-10-16
DE50005882D1 (de) 2004-05-06
JP2001217123A (ja) 2001-08-10
EP1099828A2 (fr) 2001-05-16
DE19954416A1 (de) 2001-05-17

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