EP1054138B1 - Procédé de démarrage d'un actionneur de soupape électromagnétique dans un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé de démarrage d'un actionneur de soupape électromagnétique dans un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1054138B1
EP1054138B1 EP00109582A EP00109582A EP1054138B1 EP 1054138 B1 EP1054138 B1 EP 1054138B1 EP 00109582 A EP00109582 A EP 00109582A EP 00109582 A EP00109582 A EP 00109582A EP 1054138 B1 EP1054138 B1 EP 1054138B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
electromagnets
armature
pole face
supplied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00109582A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1054138A2 (fr
EP1054138A3 (fr
Inventor
Christian Boie
Lutz Kather
Günter Schmitz
Frank Van Der Staay
Günter Rudolf Feyerl
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FEV Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1054138A2 publication Critical patent/EP1054138A2/fr
Publication of EP1054138A3 publication Critical patent/EP1054138A3/fr
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Publication of EP1054138B1 publication Critical patent/EP1054138B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • An electromagnetic actuator for actuating a gas exchange valve on a piston internal combustion engine consists in essentially of two spaced apart Electromagnets, the pole faces of which face each other and between which one with the gas exchange valve to be operated connected armature against the force of return springs and is movably guided forth.
  • the arrangement is made so that in the rest position the anchor is in its central position is located between the two pole faces. With the alternating The armature receives current from the two electromagnets each against the force of a return spring on the Pole surface of the energized and thus capturing electromagnet to the facility.
  • the holding current is switched off, then the armature is through the force of the return spring towards the other Electromagnet accelerates during armature movement with a catch current, so that after overshoot about the middle position of the anchor against the force of the the return spring assigned to the catching electromagnet comes to the plant.
  • One of the electromagnets is used for this as a closing magnet through which the gas exchange valve against the Force of the opening spring is held in a closed position, while the other electromagnet serves as an opening magnet, through which the gas exchange valve over the armature counter to the force the associated closing spring held in the open position becomes.
  • the alternating energization of the two electromagnets takes place in time with the resonance frequency known from the system data from the return springs as well as the armature and the gas exchange valve spring-mass system formed as mass (see DE-C-19736 137 or DE-A-197 39840).
  • the current supply the resonance frequency takes place until the armature comes to rest on one of the electromagnets.
  • each of the capturing electromagnets is controlled by sensors the approach grasped. This can be done in the way that when a predetermined position of the armature is reached in with respect to the pole face a corresponding control signal or the distance covered is recorded and if necessary derived from this, the speed is recorded, or the speed is also recorded immediately. These values the approach can then be used via the engine control reduce the capture current so that the anchor at a speed only slightly above "zero" on the pole face, d. H. hits gently so that the person in question Electromagnet only with the low holding current is to be applied.
  • the invention is based on the problem of a flawless Commissioning and the proper operation of a to cause electromagnetic actuator.
  • a reference temperature for the electromagnets is detected and that at normal temperature level the armature due to alternating current supply to the electromagnets the resonance frequency swelled and at a predetermined Pole face, preferably the pole face of the closing magnet, brought to the plant, or at an existing low temperature level one of the electromagnets, preferably the Closing magnet, is subjected to a high current pulse.
  • the cooling water or oil temperature can be used as a reference temperature the piston internal combustion engine can be specified or immediately the coil temperature can be measured. So that's it possible, two different start strategies during commissioning to apply, namely the oscillation at normal temperature or that which takes place with a relatively high expenditure of energy immediate tightening of the armature to the pole face of a Electromagnets at low temperature levels.
  • the level of the high current pulse as a function of the height of the reference temperature is specified. This has the Advantage that in an intermediate range between the low temperature level and normal temperature level, in which after the Cold start strategy that energization is controlled, not only the electricity consumption is reduced, but already the high impact energy can be reduced.
  • the current level with the High current pulse applied to electromagnets in dependence from the approach of the armature to the pole face. This ensures that despite cold start operation the high current pulse and the associated high magnetic force, the anchor with very high speed of movement moved towards the pole face by a reduction the current level of the pending over a certain switching time Current pulse already reduced when approaching can be, so that the restoring force of the return spring becomes more effective and the anchor hits gently.
  • the procedure can also be modified in such a way that the Duration of the current pulse depending on the approach the armature is switched, d. H. the pending high current pulse is before the anchor hits the Pole surface switched off, due to the path and / or speed information the sensors this time is definable.
  • an electromagnet of the electromagnetic actuator heating energy is fed.
  • the heating energy can be applied of the electromagnet with a heating current.
  • a direct current as heating current however, high ohmic losses have to be accepted. Is expedient it is therefore if a high-frequency alternating current is used as the heating current is used so about eddy currents losses in magnetic yoke, To produce anchors and the guide pin.
  • the eddy currents heat up the arrangement. It is useful here if the two electromagnets alternate with heating current be applied, so as to achieve uniform heating to get both electromagnets and local overheating to avoid.
  • Heating energy through alternating energization of the two electromagnets with simultaneous slight anchor movement is due to an alternating current supply the magnet of the armature causes small movements, so that due to the friction in the guides, heating takes place.
  • the current can, but does not have to be in the resonance frequency respectively.
  • a method according to claims 1 to 8 is further provided that at least one of the electromagnets with a current in Form of a start pulse is applied and dependent the initial movements detected by the sensor Anchor the subsequent energization of the electromagnet either is controlled for normal start-up current or but the current for the cold start operation by application the electromagnet with heating energy and / or high current pulse or with heating current and subsequent start-up energization he follows.
  • the electromagnetic Actuator via the engine control system a "vibration test" carried out, d. H. it can also be used without a temperature detection via the motor control the current supply in the normal Start-up current or in the high-pulse current if necessary with the supply of heating energy or also by heating followed by a cold start strategy be performed.
  • the invention further provides that powered by the motor control as a catching magnet A high current pulse is applied to the electromagnet, when the sensor movement reverses the armature movement Anchor is detected before reaching the pole face.
  • a high current pulse is applied to the electromagnet, when the sensor movement reverses the armature movement Anchor is detected before reaching the pole face.
  • the electromagnetic actuator with the defective electromagnet to be controlled so that, for example, in the event of a defective one Opening magnets of the still intact closing magnet are controlled in this way will that under the force of the return spring Gas exchange valve partially opens and, for example, after the reversal of movement forced by the return spring a correspondingly high current pulse in the armature again Locking is returned.
  • This procedure can also be used if as part of the launch strategy described above the sensor system in the engine control is detected that at "normal current supply” the catching process on the wrong side of the magnetic actuator would take place. In this case the level of the current is reduced on the “wrong” side, so the armature of this electromagnet is not is caught but only after passing through it again Middle position on the other, d. H. the "right” side with regulated current is caught.
  • the “wrong” side is usually the opener side, because mostly the gas exchange valve from the closed Position must be started. In special cases, for example, if the crankshaft turns slightly in the event of a cold start should be possible, the opening side can also use the "correct" Be side.
  • An electromagnetic actuator 1 for actuating a gas exchange valve 2 consists essentially of a closing magnet 3 and an opening magnet 4, which are at a distance from each other are arranged and between which an anchor 5 against the Force of return springs, namely an opening spring 7 and a closing spring 8 is guided to move back and forth .
  • the drawing shows the arrangement in the closed position namely in the "classic" arrangement of the opening spring and the closing spring. With this arrangement, the closing spring acts 8 directly via one with the stem 2.1 of the gas exchange valve 2 connected spring plate 2.2.
  • the guide rod 11 of the electromagnetic actuator is separated from the shaft 2.1, is usually in the closed position here Gap in the form of the so-called valve clearance VS is present.
  • the Opener spring 7 is in turn supported on a spring plate 11.1 on the guide rod 11, so that in the middle position under the opposing effect of opening spring 7 and Closing spring 8 the guide rod 11 on the shaft 2.1 of the gas exchange valve 2 is supported.
  • the closing spring 8 and the opening spring 7 are usually like this designed that at rest, d. H. with de-energized Electromagnet of the armature 5 is in the middle position. From this middle position must then correspond to that described above Procedure for starting up the associated piston internal combustion engine the electromagnetic actuator 2 with his gas exchange valve 2 are started.
  • the electromagnets 3 and 4 of the actuator 1 are over a electronic engine control 9 according to the given Control programs and depending on the engine control supplied operating data, such as speed, temperature etc. driven.
  • a sensor 10 is assigned to the actuator 1, which detects the which enables actuator functions.
  • the sensor 10 is shown here schematically. Depending on the design of the sensor For example, the path of the armature 5 can be detected. so that the respective anchor position of the motor control 9 is transmitted can be. In the engine control 9 can then corresponding arithmetic operations, if necessary, also the anchor speed be determined so that depending on the anchor position and / or depending on the anchor speed controlled the energization of the two electromagnets 3, 4 can be.
  • the sensor 10 does not necessarily have to, as shown, the Anchor 5 can be assigned laterally, but it is also possible corresponding sensors in the area of the pole face of the respective Arrange electromagnets or, as with the sensor 10.1, one connected to the armature 5 Assign push rod 11.1.
  • the sensor 10 shown in the schematic drawing is, as already explained above, not in its geometrical Position shown.
  • the sensor 10 is part of the Overall sensor system of the engine control. This also includes context with the invention described above Process a temperature detection, depending on the process concept the temperature on one of the two electromagnets detected or an anyway from the engine control detected temperature for the inventive method with recycled, such as the detection of the cooling water temperature and / or the oil temperature.
  • This part of the sensors is not shown in the drawing but only about the measurement input T in the engine control 9 next to the detections the other, control-relevant operating parameters, such as for example, the crankshaft speed, indicated.
  • the motor controller 9 also has corresponding means Acquisition of current and voltage for each Electromagnets 3 and 4 and to change the current profile and the voltage curve. Via the engine control 9 can then, depending on predefinable operating programs, if necessary, based on corresponding maps, the actuator 1 of the gas exchange valve 2 are fully variable, see above for example with regard to the start and end of the Opening hours. Controls regarding the amount of Opening stroke or the number of opening strokes during one Closing times are controllable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de mise en fonction d'un actionneur électromagnétique destiné à l'actionnement d'une soupape d'échange de gaz dans un moteur à combustion interne à piston, lequel actionneur comporte deux électroaimants disposés à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre et entre lesquels est guidée, de façon antagoniste à la force d'au moins un ressort de rappel, et de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de va et vient chaque fois depuis sa position médiane jusqu'à sa venue en appui contre une face polaire de l'un des électroaimants, une armature qui est reliée à la soupape d'échange de gaz, les électroaimants étant excités à tour de rôle, par l'intermédiaire d'une commande de moteur, par un courant d'attaque, dont le niveau est réglé en fonction du rapprochement de l'armature, détecté par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur, par rapport à au moins une face polaire, caractérisé en ce qu'une température de référence est déterminée pour les aimants et en ce que, pour un niveau normal de température, l'armature est soumise, du fait d'une alimentation alternante des électroaimants, à des oscillations à la fréquence de résonance et est amenée en appui contre une face polaire prédéfinissable, de préférence du côté contact de fermeture, ou bien, dans le cas d'un faible niveau de température persistant de l'un des électroaimants, de préférence l'aimant de fermeture, elle reçoit une forte impulsion de courant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur de l'impulsion de courant est prédéfinie en fonction de la grandeur de la température de référence.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, pour réduire l'énergie du choc, la valeur d'intensité pour l'impulsion de courant dépend de la proximité de l'armature par rapport à la face polaire de l'aimant.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la détection d'un faible niveau de température, de l'énergie de chauffage est fournie à au moins un électroaimant.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie de chauffage est fournie par l'alimentation d'au moins un électroaimant par un courant de chauffage.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise, en tant que courant de chauffage, un courant alternatif à haute fréquence.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les électroaimants sont alimentés en alternance par du courant de chauffage.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie de chauffage est obtenue par une fourniture alternée de courant aux électroaimants avec, en même temps, un faible mouvement de l'armature.
  9. Procédé de mise en fonction d'un actionneur électromagnétique destiné à l'actionnement d'une soupape d'échange de gaz dans un moteur à combustion interne à piston, lequel actionneur comporte deux électroaimants disposés à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre et entre lesquels est guidée, de façon antagoniste à la force d'au moins un ressort de rappel, et de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de va et vient chaque fois depuis sa position médiane jusqu'à sa venue en appui contre une face polaire de l'un des électroaimants, une armature qui est reliée à la soupape d'échange de gaz, les électroaimants étant excités à tour de rôle, par l'intermédiaire d'une commande de moteur, par un courant d'attaque, dont le niveau est réglé en fonction du rapprochement de l'armature, détecté par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur, par rapport à au moins une face polaire, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'un des électroaimants est alimenté par un courant sous la forme d'une impulsion de départ et en ce que, en fonction du mouvement initial de l'armature, alors détecté par le capteur, la suite de l'alimentation en courant des électroaimants est commandée, soit dans le mode d'alimentation d'oscillation normal, soit le courant pour le fonctionnement avec départ à froid résulte d'une alimentation des électroaimants avec de l'énergie de chauffage et/ou avec une impulsion de courant ou bien avec un courant de chauffage suivie du mode d'alimentation d'oscillation.
  10. Procédé de mise en fonction d'un actionneur électromagnétique destiné à l'actionnement d'une soupape d'échange de gaz dans un moteur à combustion interne à piston, lequel actionneur comporte deux électroaimants disposés à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre et entre lesquels est guidée, de façon antagoniste à la force d'au moins un ressort de rappel, et de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de va et vient chaque fois depuis sa position médiane jusqu'à sa venue en appui contre une face polaire de l'un des électroaimants, une armature qui est reliée à la soupape d'échange de gaz, les électroaimants étant excités à tour de rôle, par l'intermédiaire d'une commande de moteur, par un courant d'attaque, dont le niveau est réglé en fonction du rapprochement de l'armature, détecté par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur, par rapport à au moins une face polaire, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un électroaimant, alimenté en tant qu'aimant de maintien par la commande de moteur, reçoit une forte impulsion de courant lorsque le capteur détermine, à partir du mouvement de l'armature, un retour de l'armature avant qu'elle n'atteigne la face polaire.
  11. Procédé de mise en fonction d'un actionneur électromagnétique destiné à l'actionnement d'une soupape d'échange de gaz dans un moteur à combustion interne à piston, lequel actionneur comporte deux électroaimants disposés à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre et entre lesquels est guidée, de façon antagoniste à la force d'au moins un ressort de rappel, et de manière à pouvoir effectuer un mouvement de va et vient chaque fois depuis sa position médiane jusqu'à sa venue en appui contre une face polaire de l'un des électroaimants, une armature qui est reliée à la soupape d'échange de gaz, les électroaimants étant excités à tour de rôle, par l'intermédiaire d'une commande de moteur, par un courant d'attaque, dont le niveau est réglé en fonction du rapprochement de l'armature, détecté par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur, par rapport à au moins une face polaire, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptation de la grandeur du courant, lors de l'alimentation en mode de fonctionnement d'oscillation, s'effectue en fonction des valeurs de déplacement et/ou de vitesse, détectées par l'intermédiaire du capteur.
EP00109582A 1999-05-19 2000-05-05 Procédé de démarrage d'un actionneur de soupape électromagnétique dans un moteur à combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP1054138B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19922971 1999-05-19
DE19922971A DE19922971A1 (de) 1999-05-19 1999-05-19 Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme eines elektromagnetischen Aktuators zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils an einer Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1054138A2 EP1054138A2 (fr) 2000-11-22
EP1054138A3 EP1054138A3 (fr) 2001-02-07
EP1054138B1 true EP1054138B1 (fr) 2002-08-14

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US (1) US6333843B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1054138B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000352325A (fr)
AT (1) ATE222322T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19922971A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
US6333843B2 (en) 2001-12-25
EP1054138A2 (fr) 2000-11-22
ATE222322T1 (de) 2002-08-15
EP1054138A3 (fr) 2001-02-07
DE50000374D1 (de) 2002-09-19
DE19922971A1 (de) 2000-11-23
US20010013323A1 (en) 2001-08-16
JP2000352325A (ja) 2000-12-19

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