EP0866153B1 - Machine de cardage à haute rendement - Google Patents

Machine de cardage à haute rendement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0866153B1
EP0866153B1 EP98810088A EP98810088A EP0866153B1 EP 0866153 B1 EP0866153 B1 EP 0866153B1 EP 98810088 A EP98810088 A EP 98810088A EP 98810088 A EP98810088 A EP 98810088A EP 0866153 B1 EP0866153 B1 EP 0866153B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carding machine
machine according
drum
roller
carding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP98810088A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0866153A1 (fr
EP0866153B2 (fr
Inventor
Jürg Faas
Beat Näf
Christian Sauter
Götz Theodor Gresser
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/14—Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
    • D01G15/24—Flats or like members
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/14—Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
    • D01G15/16—Main cylinders; Breasts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the carding of textile fibers (in particular "short staple fibers", with a maximum fiber length of up to approx. 60 mm).
  • the modern card includes a so-called drum (also called “drum”) or two reels of larger dimensions.
  • This (everyone) drum works with one Cover arrangement together to perform the actual carding.
  • the reel (or reel pair) works with one Feed system (feed roller and breeze, also called “licker-in”) and a take-off system together.
  • the feeding system usually processes fibers in the Form of a cotton wool.
  • the removal system is usually used to form a band designed.
  • Each "working element” drum, briseur, customer, cover
  • clothing which takes over the actual processing of the fibers.
  • a "working gap" Between the drum and its “cladding” (be this cladding in the Form of a working element or an element with a covering function) a "working gap".
  • the feeding system is for the most uniform feeding possible of the drum with fibers to be processed across the entire working width of the working elements to shape, i.e. all over for processing fibers with trimmings provided width.
  • the acceptance system is for collecting as evenly as possible of processed fibers designed across this entire width.
  • the drum represents the "heart" of the machine and exerts a significant influence on all functions.
  • the fiber flow is only on the drum up to dissolved into individual fibers and cleaned thoroughly.
  • the cleaning is done by excretion of unwanted materials from the transport route through the working gap is defined on the circumference of the drum.
  • Include "unwanted” materials e.g. Dust, dirt particles, nonsoluble nits, and short fibers (non-spinnable Flight).
  • the "selectivity" of the elimination process is of crucial importance Significance - the "desired" material (the good fibers) must as far as possible for the time being forwarded in the working gap and then to form the band to the downstream one Work item are given.
  • the card now conventional has a reel with a diameter of approx. 1000 to approx. 1300 mm.
  • the working width is approx. 1000 mm.
  • a card is characterized in that the working width is restricted in such a way that it measures 800 mm does not exceed e.g. is between 400 and 600 mm and preferably less than 400 mm is reduced. This proposal has not produced any practical results and no corresponding machines were tested outside of the laboratory.
  • the diameter of the drum (or his work surface) in such a way that he is a measure does not exceed 800 mm and is preferably between 350 and 450 mm. This Tambour should still work directly with the feed and take-off system i.e. the card consisted of only a single drum.
  • the card was preferred formed as a revolving card board.
  • All parts influencing the working gap (e.g. the drum and the flat bars) according to EP-A-446 796 should preferably be made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity made to reduce deflections across the working width become.
  • Steel and fiber-reinforced plastic were used as an example according to EP-A-446 796 specified.
  • the material selected had to have the desired shape accuracy Enable part (with the corresponding manufacturing process) and keep it in operation can. Accordingly, the material should have a smaller thermal expansion and / or have a higher thermal conductivity, so that accumulated heat loss (which is inevitable with high production) to no disturbing deformation of the Leads work items.
  • EP-A-446 796 was based on the principle that the carding process had its basic features should remain unchanged. It was therefore provided the diameter of the breeze or the customer in accordance with the reduction of the drum diameter, e.g. to maintain the common relationships of these diameters.
  • the present invention provides a card with at least one reel is provided, with a cylindrical surface of the drum provided with a clothing is or can be provided, which defines the working width of the card.
  • the card includes both a feeding means for evenly feeding the drum carding fibers over the entire working width, as well as a removal agent for Even removal of carded fibers across the entire working width. It is also a cover assembly for carding fibers on the reel over the whole working width available.
  • the card is characterized in that the Reel diameter between 700 mm and 1000 mm e.g. between 700 mm and Measures 900 mm. This diameter can advantageously be chosen between 750 and 850 mm become.
  • the working width is preferably more than 1300 mm, e.g. 1500 mm.
  • a card according to the invention can be used as a revolving card card or as a fixed card card will be realized.
  • the small drum card is preferably driven at a relatively high speed, to achieve a higher peripheral speed than previously with conventional ones Card was used. It is thus possible to selectivity the elimination process to improve.
  • the total load on the fibers in the card should, however cannot be increased, which limits the number of work elements.
  • the reel of a conventional card is made of steel or cast iron. It is undoubtedly possible to meet the increasing demands with these materials too fulfill. The fulfillment of the new requirements with conventional materials leads but manufacturing costs are rising too quickly, especially for the aforementioned rework (e.g. grinding or even machining) after the production of a blank.
  • Fiber-reinforced plastic is a composite of, for example, glass fiber and a resin, the modulus of elasticity of, for example, glass silk being more than 70,000 N / mm 2 , of a polyester resin, on the other hand, only about 3300 N / mm 2 .
  • the reinforcing fibers can be in the form of "endless” filaments and / or staple fibers of different staple lengths and / or in the form of a "fabric” (eg a fabric).
  • Various manufacturing processes e.g. the injection molding or injection molding of a staple fiber / resin mixture) are available for manufacturing parts made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Non-lsotrop In contrast to conventional materials such as cast iron or steel, it is a composite around a non-isotropic (anisotropic) material (a Non-lsotrop). With such a material, it is not possible to use a conventional carding roller, especially card drum, easy to "rebuild".
  • the reinforcing fibers should therefore be arranged selectively to achieve targeted performance to achieve the end product, in particular to meet predetermined minimum requirements selected product properties. The selection of properties, what minimum requirements are set for is therefore of great importance.
  • the reinforcing fibers should be in a carding reel (especially carding drum) made of fiber-reinforced material in the form of a circumferentially extending Formed be present.
  • the arrangement can be made so that e.g. a card drum increases the diameter within a given speed range less than 10, preferably less than 5 hundredths of a millimeter experiences.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be made from "continuous filaments" (e.g. from “glass silk roving”) exist, but could be used in the form of a mat or fabric.
  • Important to achieve the required resistance to deformation (Extension of the diameter) under the centrifugal forces is the orientation of the reinforcing fibers in the final product.
  • the product geometry (especially the wall thickness), as well as the type of fiber (the type of fiber) and the fiber content (the amount or content of the Reinforcing fibers) in the composite material also play a role here, just like that any use of fillers and modifiers.
  • a glass content greater than 50% is preferably chosen.
  • the matrix material (Binder) must still be able to achieve the required composite material To give cohesion, even under deformation or under tension.
  • a glass content of approx. 50% to 70% should have an acceptable wall thickness for provide a sufficient modulus of elasticity.
  • the matrix material must have a certain toughness, especially with regard to deformation cycles (repeated deformation followed each time by returning to the Initial state). It is particularly important to note that the deformations can also be caused by thermal expansion, with the resin the foreseeable temperature changes must not become soft or brittle. On Thermoset (e.g. a polyester or an epoxy resin) can be used Thermoplastic, however, is not.
  • the predetermined composite is preferred (or its components become) processed to give a substantially tubular body which can be assembled with other elements, but not essential Rework required for use as a carding roller.
  • This body can be axial Have a length between 1 m and 2 m.
  • the outside diameter is preferably 700 to 900 mm.
  • the wall thickness is preferably in the range of 10 to 30 mm (e.g. 15 to 20 mm.) and it is preferably along the length of the body roughly constant.
  • Such a body can be formed by means of a winding process which results in a very low unbalance or a very low concentricity error, without requiring the aforementioned rework.
  • the mass of such a body will be considerably lower than the mass of a corresponding body made of a conventional material, due to the relatively low density of the composite material compared to steel or cast iron.
  • the density of the composite material can be, for example, approximately 1.4 gm / cm 3 . This results in considerable advantages with regard to the moment of inertia (acceleration resistance), ramp-up and ramp-down times and the required drive power.
  • the tubular body preferably has a constant outside diameter the length, i.e. this body (unlike a pressure vessel) is not radially behind end sections running on the inside.
  • the end parts of the body are therefore preferably connected to supports (drum bottoms), each support having a hub, Spoke and can have a rim portion.
  • the rim section becomes with the body bonded from composite material, e.g. using an adhesive while the hubs take up a carrier or drive shaft.
  • the end faces of the body could e.g. by cutting a (somewhat) longer body. In the preferred Solution, however, are the end faces of the body simultaneously with the main part of the Body formed.
  • the outer cylindrical surface In order to form a ready-to-use carding roll, the outer cylindrical surface must be the body with a set, what in a conventional card by pulling a "wire".
  • the same procedure for attaching the Set can also be used for a carding roller according to the invention, wherein preferably at a predetermined operating speed by the winding method generated pressure in the composite material and that generated by the centrifugal force Compensate tensile stress in the same material as much as possible. This helps to achieve a state in which the stresses generated in the composite material are always below the fatigue strength of the material.
  • the rigidity of the roller bottoms is preferably adapted to the rigidity of the tubular body, so that the Under the action of centrifugal forces, roll as evenly as possible over the entire length (and definitely over the working width) or deformed around the entire circumference.
  • the rigidity of a roller base for a roller made of fiber-reinforced plastic should therefore be compared to that of a roller base for a cast or steel roller be reduced. It must be ensured that the roller bottoms do not Have inherent (vibration) resonance within the intended operating speed range could be excited.
  • the invention according to CH 1548/97 provides a flat bar with a flexible or one semi-rigid set in front.
  • flexible sets are used below spoken, this term also includes the "semi-rigid sets”.
  • a flat bar according to CH 1548/97 is characterized in that at least one, the border areas bordering the longitudinal edges are equipped with tips. Preferably both border areas are trimmed with lace.
  • the invention naturally includes a revolving lid assembly with a plurality of such flat bars and one Card with such a revolving flat aggregate.
  • the invention according to CH 1548/97 also includes a corresponding flexible set a base, characterized in that at least one adjacent to the longitudinal edges Edge areas are equipped with tips.
  • the invention according to CH 1548/97 can be implemented in many different ways.
  • Clip elements are provided with tips.
  • the clip elements could however be provided with holes so that tips carried by the base can protrude through the holes.
  • the type of attachment fundamentally changed, e.g. by gluing the base to the flat bar support surface.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 1 is only given as an example.
  • the ones to be described Features can also be used in other card types and in cards even in the large machines that are used to manufacture nonwovens are suitable.
  • the revolving lid assembly 52 comprises flat bars 53, of which in FIG. 1 only individual bars are shown schematically.
  • the moving cover arrangement in use today The registration company's C50 card contains more than a hundred flat bars 53.
  • the bars are carried at their ends by endless bands (not shown) and thus against the direction of rotation of the drum or in synchronization with this direction of rotation emotional. Examples of such devices can be found in EP-A-753 610.
  • the part HKZ of the drum circumference covered by the revolving cover arrangement 52 can be referred to as the main carding zone. In this zone the done most of the carding. But there can be additional work elements in other zones of the spool have been provided for a further carding effect bring about.
  • the part VKZ of the drum circumference between the Briseur 58 and the The revolving cover arrangement 52 is now referred to as the pre-carding zone, which is part NKZ of the Drum circumference between the revolving cover arrangement 52 and the customer 62 as Postcarding zone, and the part UKZ of the drum circumference between the customer 62 and the Briseur 58 as the sub-carding zone.
  • the card may have rod-shaped elements 55 (FIG. 3) attached, being attached such elements in the sub-carding zone is preferably dispensed with.
  • Fig. 4 shows part of the reel 50 with its cylindrical surface 64 and side plates (Drum bottoms) 66.
  • the surface 64 is provided with a set that in this Example in the form of wire 70 with saw teeth 72 is provided.
  • the sawtooth wire 70 is "wound up” on the drum 50, i.e. in close to each other Windings, between side flanges 68 (Fig. 4), wrapped around one with To form tipped cylindrical "work surface”.
  • the axial dimension B of this Working area can be referred to as the "working width". Should on the work surface are worked as evenly as possible, i.e. Fibers are processed.
  • Figure 2 shows a detail e.g. at point I in Fig. 1 to a much larger scale.
  • the wire 70 with two of its saw teeth 72 is shown again.
  • Fig. 2 also shows a part of a flat rod 53, the 64 against the surface "Working gap" AS forms.
  • Bar 53 is also available with a set of one Wire piece 71 shown with saw teeth 73, alternative, preferred solutions are explained below. The carding work is done between these sets. It will depend essentially on the location of one set over the other as well the distance "e” between the tips of the teeth of the two sets.
  • the Settings of the work elements (including any additional elements) over this working width be respected.
  • the drum 50 itself can, however, by winding of the clothing wire, due to the centrifugal force and the heating caused by the carding process be deformed, with additional rigidity due to additional material (Wall thickness) can be bought.
  • the shaft W of the drum 50 is also shown.
  • This wave W is in one Fig. 4 frame not shown, so that the drum by a not shown Drive about the longitudinal axis A-A of the shaft W can be rotated.
  • the Diameter ( ⁇ ) of cylindrical surface 64 i.e. twice that shown Radius R
  • the Diameter ⁇ between 700 mm and 1000 mm, preferably a diameter between 750 mm and 850 mm is selected.
  • the preferred diameter range is 800 to 820 mm.
  • a card according to this invention preferably has a working width B. larger than 1300 mm, e.g. 1500 mm.
  • the reduction of the drum diameter leads to a constant peripheral speed of the drum to an increase in the centrifugal forces, which improved Excretion of heavier particles results.
  • the one associated with the diameter reduction Acceptance of the work surface or the number of work elements on the reel can be at least partially compensated for by the higher centrifugal forces.
  • the thermal expansion is also reduced, what more precise settings of the work elements and thus a better carding work allows.
  • the production output can have values of far higher than 100 kg / h.
  • the drum is preferably provided with a set that has a top density has higher than 900 peaks per square inch, for example 950 to 1050 peaks per square inch.
  • the peak density can possibly be increased even further, e.g. to approximately 1100 peaks per square inch.
  • This set preferably has one "aggressive" chest angle (according to DIN 64123), preferably significantly higher than 30 °, e.g. 40 ° or more. (see “Die Kurzstapelspinnerei”: Volume 2 - “Futzerei und Karderie", Page 54; Author W. Klein; Publishers - The Textile Institute).
  • the chest angle can still be further increased, e.g. it can be 35 to 45 ° or even 50 °.
  • breeze (lickerin) 58 according to Fig. 1 or 3 can e.g. by several pioneers be replaced, e.g. according to the principles described in DE-A-33 46 092 and DE-A-43 31,284 have been declared. This can result in a higher degree of opening of the fiber material the delivery to the drum can be achieved.
  • the preferred solution comprises at least 20 and preferably at least 25 lids in the working position, i.e. in a position where create a carding effect with the reel.
  • the width of each flat bar in Compared to today's conventional value, e.g. from approx. 35 mm less than 30 mm or even less than 27 mm.
  • the reduction is due to today available profile formation technology favors, i.e. the thinner flat bars (the clothing carriers) can be formed as hollow profiles.
  • These rods can e.g. according to US 5,230,135.
  • they can be made of fiber-reinforced plastic be produced, which was also proposed in DE 27 42 420.
  • An angle ⁇ of at most 90 °, preferably 60-75 ° is sufficient for the purpose mentioned.
  • the ratio of the diameter D of the reel 50 to the diameter d of the customer 62 is also an important feature of the preferred embodiment of the new Teasel. This ratio is preferably in the range 1.1-1.8 and is therefore clear lower than the corresponding ratio for conventional cards.
  • the 5 also includes three breezeers 58, 58A and 58B.
  • the latter Briseur 58B cooperates with the feed roller 56 which removes the fibers from one Cotton takes over, which is formed by the filling shaft F (see FIG. 3).
  • the shaft is preferred provided with a cleaning device R according to EP-A-810 309.
  • the card and the shaft are preferably provided with a common control unit St.
  • the revolving lid assembly 52 in FIG. 5 comprises approximately 70-90 flat bars 53, of which 20 - 35 stand in the working position opposite the drum 50 at the same time. 5 only a flat rod 53 is shown, namely to an "oversized" scale, which makes the following elements of the flat bar visible.
  • Every flat bar 53 preferably comprises a clothing carrier T in the form of a hollow profile, e.g. as also shown in US 5,542,154.
  • the clothing strips attached to this support T. is preferably formed as a flexible (“semi-rigid") set, i.e. the stripe includes a flexible body K, which is attached to the carrier T, and individual tips S, of which parts are embedded in the body K.
  • the revolving cover assembly 52 can be replaced with fixed covers, e.g. after the Principles described in US-B-3,604,062; US-B-3,044,475 and US-B-3,858,276.
  • At least one additional segment 96 with a dirt removal knife is located in the pre-carding zone (not shown - e.g. according to our European patent application no. 97810695.3 from 22.9.1997) place.
  • the drum 50 is otherwise covered by segments 86.
  • the inner one, facing the drum Areas of these cladding segments 86 can be processed or treated so that they have the smallest possible braking effect on those touching them Exercise fibers.
  • These segments must also be exactly opposite Drum 50 can be adjusted to the desired fiber guidance or the specified Ensure air balance on the reel.
  • a suitable cladding is in EP-B-431 482 or EP-B-687 754 and in our EP-A-790 338.
  • the disguise or additional segments 86, 96 are only indicated schematically in FIG. 5.
  • the Segments preferably form a continuous covering of the drum.
  • the card can also have a drafting system at the outlet be equipped, which warps the combined fleece by the factor 1.3 ... 4.0 may also be allowed up to 6.0.
  • This drafting system can also be used with a Regulation, e.g. according to CH 153/97 from 23.01.97 or (preferably) according to ours German patent application No. 197 38 053 from September 1, 1997 for improvement the uniformity of the belt.
  • a drafting system on the tape storage device (not shown in FIG. 5, but compare the tape storage device K in FIG. 3) become.
  • Figures 6 to 9 show a known flat bar profile, which is also in a card can be used according to the invention.
  • This profile comprises a back part 32 and a clothing receiving part (a "foot section” 33).
  • the foot section comprises two protrusions 34 with sloping inward holding surfaces 35.
  • head pieces 36 are attached, of which only in the figures one is visible.
  • Each flat bar with a chain or Belt drive in the revolving lid assembly (not shown) connected, e.g. according to EP-A-627 507. Since the connection with the drive does not matter for this invention, will it is not explained here.
  • Figures 6 to 9 also contain further details about the connection between the profile and its head pieces, but also play no role for this invention and are therefore not described in detail.
  • FIG. 10 shows only the foot part 33 of a profile according to FIGS. 6 to 9 with one on it attached flexible set consisting of a base 150 and embedded therein Checkmark H.
  • the base 150 is glued to the foot area and is thereby firmly attached to it. Therefore no clips have to be used.
  • the check mark H can thus also in the edge regions adjacent to the longitudinal edges 152 Base 150 can be provided, what with the clip devices previously used was not possible.
  • the ticks H in FIG. 10 are only in these Border zones shown, of course similar ticks also in the middle parts of the base strip (according to the state of the art) must be provided.
  • the check marks H are not necessarily identical to each other.
  • the base 150 can be removed from the foot part 33 are stripped, if necessary with the help of a solvent, which is the adhesive dissolves. A new base can then be placed on the cleaned support surface 153 of the profile 33 150 can be attached.
  • the foot section 33 has two protruding "downwards" Side walls 155, 156 provided.
  • the base 150 is not directly at the foot area, but glued to a flexible tape 157, which tape has side parts 158, the Work "clip-like" with the protrusions 34 of the foot section and thereby the Attach the clothing strips to the profile.
  • the side walls 155, 156 could go on continued below to protect the longitudinal edges of the base 150.
  • the check marks H are only shown in the marginal zones, but can be used all over Carrier surface of the profile can be distributed.
  • the variant according to FIG. 12 also comprises a flexible band 160 with clip-like Side panels 162,163.
  • the base 150 is between the band 160 and the support surface of the profile 33 held.
  • the band 160 must therefore over its whole area 164 are provided with holes (not shown) so that in the base 150 embedded ticks H can protrude through these holes as for the Checkmark in the fringe zones is shown as an example.
  • FIG. 13 shows a further variant with a "steel band sole" 166, on which the base 150 attached by any suitable means (e.g., adhesive). Sole 166 can then between inwardly opening guide grooves 167,168 in the foot area 33 of the profile are inserted, whereby the base is attached to the profile.
  • any suitable means e.g., adhesive
  • the variant according to FIG. 14 is in principle very similar to that according to FIG. 13, the Sole 166A is provided with sloping side walls 169 which are angled accordingly Collaborate on pages 170 of the profile.
  • the base 150 in this variant consists of a rubber-like body, in which the ticks H are embedded.
  • the 15 also includes a sole 166B with one attached to it Base body 150.
  • the foot part 33 in this case has holes 172 and the sole 166B is provided with corresponding elastic elements 174 which are in the holes 172 can be recorded to form a snap connection together.
  • the representation 16A is first used here to explain terms individually.
  • the "Stripe width” is the width of the garnished surface on the lid, whereby the “width” of a cover extends in the carding direction, i.e. in the direction of the drum turn P.
  • Today the strip width is chosen smaller than the carrier width TB (from Reasons that were explained in connection with Figures 6 to 9).
  • front and rear are not used in the lid area depending on the movement of the lid itself, but depending on the direction of rotation of the drum selected.
  • the drum carries fibers first (possibly in contact with) the front and only afterwards under (in contact with) the rear edge area.
  • the contact with the latter area is in the arrangement 16 by providing a narrowest point in the rear edge area guaranteed.
  • the flat bar 53 in FIG. 16 can be in the same direction move like the drum, or in the opposite direction.
  • the conventional carrier section T has a "width" TB of approximately 32 mm to 35 mm, whereby the flat bar 53 is guided in this way in its working position (in the main carding zone) is that the tips of the tick H on, or in a "cutlery level" E lie, which is a "narrowest point” or narrowest carding line K opposite the lateral surface having.
  • the plane E forms an angle ⁇ with an imaginary surface F, the Surface F is arranged parallel to the tangent TG, which the surface M on the cuts the aforementioned narrowest point.
  • the check mark on or near the closest Spot get a special cut (the so-called "heel cut”).
  • the postulate is made that the carding effect at least for certain fiber materials is influenced by the number of carding lines, the number of carding lines not on the number of rows of ticks on a flat rod, but rather depends on the number of "edge areas" of the bar.
  • edge areas For rod 53 in Fig. 16 there are two edge areas - a "front edge area”, which is relative to the lateral surface M. is far away, and a "downstream edge area”, which together with the Shell surface M forms the narrowest point.
  • the check mark H between a front Border area and the subsequent downstream border area form with the Edge areas together a "top group", which corresponds to a "carding line”.
  • the number of carding lines (top groups) must not be below of a predetermined value if a certain one in the main carding zone Carding effect is to be achieved.
  • the required carding effect in the main carding zone and the number of carding lines required for this depend on the overall construction the card as well as on the performance to be achieved, making it impossible or it makes sense to quote numbers for it. It is clear that if the total carding area (by reducing the reel diameter), there is an increase the number of carding lines (top groups) as required or at least advantageous can prove.
  • Width TB reduced to a value of 20 mm to 25 mm, regardless of whether the Flat bar is formed as a T-profile or as a hollow profile.
  • This measure can a larger number of flat bars at the same time in the working position (in the main carding zone) side by side what (with one carding line per flat bar) an increase in the number of carding lines results.
  • This measure can also lead to a Increase the service life for the set of each flat bar.
  • FIGS. 17A to E show preferred solutions the principle proposed in the utility model.
  • FIG. 17A shows a flat rod 53 with a carrier T formed as a hollow profile a conventional carrier (e.g. according to Figures 6 to 9) may be the same.
  • the Check marks 4 of the set of this stick are divided into two top groups, of which the tick tips of a front group S1 lie in a cutlery level E1 and the tick tips of the downstream group S2 in a different cutlery level E2 lie. There is a "gap" between groups S1, S2 SL that remains without a checkmark H.
  • Each level of equipment E1 or E2 now has one respective narrowest point opposite the lateral surface M, and the ticks in or on every narrowest point can get the heel cut.
  • S2 check marks of various lengths are used to form. It is from CH-C-177 219 known to use scratching needles of different lengths. In that case it was but provided that the needles of different lengths also have different functions would exercise.
  • the tips of Fig. 17A basically do the same Function off.
  • the flat bar 53 according to FIG. 17B differs from the bar according to FIG. 17A in that that the carrier section T is provided with a paragraph Z. This makes it possible to to form two top groups S1 and S2 with ticks of the same length. The technological Effect is however the same as that of the arrangement according to FIG. 17A.
  • FIG. 17C shows an alternative possibility for realizing the arrangement according to FIG. 17B, namely by using two carding strips on a single carrier T.
  • Each strip can be secured using suitable fasteners (screws, rivets, Adhesive, etc.) can be attached to the carrier.
  • 17D shows a further alternative, according to which the two strips are each clip-like Holding means are attached to the carrier.
  • the carrier has a groove N with an extension at the inner end, so that the holding means on each "leg" of the carrier T can be attached.
  • FIG. 17E finally shows a variant with two L-shaped profiles that are joined together must be to form the carrier T.
  • This variant can be done in two ways Types are used, namely through the use of profiles with different Cross sections (L1 or L2, left in Fig. 17E) or by forming a groove (see Fig. 17D) between the two profiles (right in Fig. 17E).
  • DE-A-28 16 900 proposes a flat rod, which is used to achieve an enlargement the carding surface is designed.
  • the width of the bar is increased (by To reduce “losses") and the working surface of the rod curved so that the "Cutlery area" is better adapted to the outer surface of the drum set.
  • This suggestion can also be used in conjunction with the basic invention and could even increase with the already described group formation the number of carding lines can be combined.
  • the same principle can be used in combination can be used with all-steel fittings, as CH-B-644 900 shows.
  • the flat bar 53 in Fig. 18 also has a concave "cutlery surface" E.
  • the width of the clothing strip should not be increased, but (by the improved adaptation to the curvature of the lateral surface M) the effect of a given Stripe width can be improved or optimized.
  • the arrangement can even can be combined with measure no.1, i.e. the stripe width can be compared be reduced to today's conventional level.
  • the latter consideration also applies if (despite the curvature of the cutlery surface) achieved a wedge gap between the cover set and the drum set shall be.
  • the curvature of the surface F can e.g. be chosen so that they face each other of the surfaces has a narrowest point in the rear edge area HR, both at the maximum as well as the minimum diameter of the cylindrical surface M.
  • This arrangement can also be combined with group formation, i.e. the The cutlery of each group can be concave.
  • FIG. 19 shows a further variant that for the new card construction offers advantages.
  • the set (similar such as DE-Gbm-1733250 and DE-C-11 06 653) two different wire or tick thicknesses on, with coarser in the front area VB and HB in the rear area finer wires or ticks can be used.
  • "thicker" Wires in the front area can extend the life of the set, what is particularly noticeable in higher production.
  • This variant is not on limited the use of only two wire sizes, the additional Complexity from a finer gradation of wire thickness on a single flat rod mostly not worth it.
  • FIG. 20 shows a further variant, in which the different wire thicknesses according to FIG. 19 combined with different peak densities according to the suggestions already mentioned 17, the group formation according to FIG. 17 being used at the same time.
  • the set arrangement also or alternatively with a curved Cutlery area according to FIG. 18.
  • a cardboard reel should be made of fiber-reinforced plastic by a winding process. Thereby can be ensured that the reinforcing fibers in the wound drum result in structures extending in the circumferential direction of the drum.
  • two possible manufacturing variants are explained for the time being. In Both variants are filled with fibers soaked in resin (e.g. glass fibers) by one the end product removable mold core 10 is wound. The core 10 is during the Winding mounted on a shaft 11 and is with the shaft 11 about its longitudinal axis rotated by a drive, not shown.
  • the fiber dressing Before it is wrapped around the core, the fiber dressing should be used with a suitable one Matrix material, also called binder (usually in the form of a liquid Resin) are soaked. This is done in a so-called impregnation device, e.g. by providing a resin bath 14 upstream of the thread guide 18, wherein the fiber structure is forced by deflection rollers 16 to pass through the bath 14.
  • the bath 14 can together with the thread guide 18 on a movable support 15 are provided on a suitable guide (not shown) from the shown traversing drive is moved back and forth.
  • the fiber structure 12 comprises preferably a plurality of "endless" filaments that form a flat on the rolls 16 Tape (Fig.
  • the rollers 16 can be designed as cambered rollers (FIG. 21A) the spread of the filament bandage before or during diving to ensure in the resin bath.
  • a dancer roll assembly 20, 22 can be provided upstream of the carrier 15 in order to compensate for the changes in path of the Compensate filament association with the stationary source (not shown). It but a movable source could even be provided, e.g. in the form of a Sledge, which carries an attachment for glass fiber spools and controlled depending is moved by the movements of the oscillation.
  • the "source” can have different filament patterns, so that the fiber structure has a corresponding "mixture", e.g. of relatively inexpensive filaments (such as glass fibers) with relatively expensive filaments (such as aramid or carbon fibers).
  • the "mixture” could be changed to different ones in the course of the winding process Fiber blends in different layers (or layers) of the end product to surrender.
  • only glass fiber silk is used, whereby Glass fiber mat or glass fiber fabric wrapped between the layers of glass fiber silk could be.
  • the resin mixture in the bath 14 can also in the course of the winding process be changed. Possible reasons for this are discussed in more detail below received.
  • tissue 26 will come from a suitable source (not shown) delivered the winding station and wrapped around the core 10.
  • the width of the fabric 26 is adapted to the width of the end product so that no traversing movement is necessary. But this is not necessary - the tissue 26 could be supplied in the form of a narrow band (not shown), then a guided back and forth movement during winding would be necessary.
  • the fabric 26 below a resin feed 28 with a Dosing device 30 performed, whereby the fibers of the fabric are soaked with resin.
  • the resin must solidify before the product can be used as a drum. This can be done by aging (maturation), but is preferably done by one Heat treatment in a suitable furnace (not shown) at a controlled temperature. In a first curing step, the product can remain on the mandrel, whereby after the core has been removed (and if necessary after other parts have been attached) one Post curing can be performed.
  • the invention is not restricted to the wet winding process described. It is a dry winding process (prepreg winding) is known, after which the reinforcing material is soaked with resin in a separate operation. After a suitable one Maturing uses the (still flexible) prepreg like glass silk when wrapping.
  • the Process can also be used to make a card drum, but is relatively complex and not necessary in this case to meet the requirements.
  • a tubular part are produced, but not easily used in a card can be.
  • a tubular part are produced, but not easily used in a card can be.
  • drum base e.g. a hub 38, spoke 40 and a rim 42.
  • the hub 38 must be connected to a drive shaft (not shown) so that the drum can be rotatably mounted in the card frame.
  • the drum bottoms 32, 34 could also be made of fiber-reinforced plastic are formed, but they are preferably made of metal (e.g. from one piece).
  • the connection to the pipe can e.g. over a shoulder 41, which with the inner surface of the tube is in contact, and an end flange 44 against the End face of the tube abuts, be accomplished.
  • Each drum base 32.34 can be glued to the tube 36.
  • the tube 36 must be in the card as a carrier for a clothing, e.g. in the form of a Serve wire 70 according to FIG. 2. Over the working width, it is desirable, if possible to create uniform working conditions. To this end, it can prove to be prove useful, the tube 36 with a uniform wall thickness t over the length to create. At best, however, this leads to differences between the behavior of the Tube 36 within the working width and its behavior in the end zones where that Pipe is connected to the drum base. The end parts where the effects the drum bottoms are to be expected, but can at most be outside the working width be provided.
  • the clothing wire 70 mounted on the carrier.
  • the pipe By pulling up the set, the pipe is underneath Stressed. In operation are due to the expansion under the centrifugal force Tensile stresses generated in the pipe.
  • the tensile stress generated by the centrifugal force is that caused by pulling on the clothing Raises or equalizes compressive stress approximately.
  • Typical winding forces are in the range 25 to 100 N. preferably 25 to 40 N.
  • the drum base 32, 34 can be adapted to the tube 36 in order to operate as possible To achieve homogeneous deformation of the drum over the circumference and width. Such Deformation is caused by centrifugal force as well as by thermal expansion caused.
  • the wall thickness t can be chosen such that the widening of the tube 36 below Centrifugal force but without a set is greater than the expansion, which the set itself reached under the same centrifugal force. In operation, the tube 36 can therefore not Extend fully because it is constricted by the clothing, the holding force between the tube 36 and the clothing wire 70 is increased.
  • the wire can be connected to a metallic drum base, or an additive ("modifier") can be provided in the resin (e.g. carbon powder), which at least makes the outer resin layer electrically conductive.
  • the outer layer is preferably formed from resin, or at least has a high one Resin content in order to favorably increase the roughness of the cylindrical fitting receiving surface influence.
  • a tube 36 can be formed for a card with the following parameters: length 1000 to 1500 mm. wall thickness 17 to 20 mm. Modulus 17000 to 19000 N / mm 2 density 1.2 to 1.6 g / cm 3 Inner diameter 750 to 850 mm.
  • a reel diameter in the range 750 to 850 mm results in one improved (increased) centrifugal force effect (compared to the conventional one today) Card), where there is still enough space to accommodate the required counter elements (Revolving cover, fixed cover etc.) to be attached to the drum. It is also possible to provide a sufficient transfer zone for drum / customer.
  • a working width in the range of 1300 to 1500 mm results in sufficient production with mastery of precision taking into account the high peripheral speed.
  • the invention is also possible in machines for the production of non-wovens.
  • the preferred application is in "Cotton card” (staple fiber spinning).
  • the cotton card differs from that Non-wovens card at least in that there is a sliver in the outlet of the cotton card must be formed, i.e. that the fleece supplied by the rollers over the Working width (or part of the working width) pulled together to form a sliver or must be summarized.
  • the machines of the staple fiber spinning mill can be compared with today's machines for the production of non-wovens as follows: Staple fiber spinning Nonwovens i) final product tape fleece ii) fleece weight on the customer 3.5 to 8 g / m 2 5 to 15 g / m 2 iii) outlet speed 200 to 400 m / min 80 to 150 m / min iv) peripheral speed of the drum 25 to 40 m / s 20 to 30 m / s v) Effective working gap (e.g. drum / lid) ⁇ 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.3 mm vi) Working gap at standstill ⁇ 0.2 mm ⁇ 0.3 to 0.4 mm
  • the "length" of the transfer zone between the Tambour and the customer not significantly shortened (compared with the conventional today Teasel).
  • This "transfer zone” can be the zone of the drum circumference be considered where the distance between the reel and the customer is smaller than a predetermined value (e.g. 0.2 mm).
  • a predetermined value e.g. 0.2 mm.
  • a reduction in the reel diameter leads to a shortening of this transfer zone if no countermeasures are taken become. It can therefore prove advantageous to use the ratio of drum diameter: Customer diameter compared to today's conventional values reduce (the customer diameter at least relatively and at most absolutely increase).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (31)

  1. Carde avec au moins un tambour, une surface cylindrique du tambour étant munie d'une garniture qui définit la largeur de travail de la carde, un moyen d'acheminement pour l'alimentation régulière du tambour sur toute la largeur de travail avec fibres à carder, un moyen de retrait pour le retrait régulier des fibres cardés sur toute la largeur de travail et un agencement de chapeaux pour le cardage régulier de fibres sur le tambour sur toute la largeur de travail, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre du tambour mesure entre 700 mm et 1000 mm.
  2. Carde selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre du tambour mesure entre 700 et 900 mm.
  3. Carde selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la largeur de travail mesure plus de 1300 mm, par exemple 1500 mm.
  4. Carde selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'un seul tambour est disponible et que le moyen d'acheminement ou de retrait fonctionne directement conjointement avec ce tambour.
  5. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le système de commande du tambour est conçu pour des régimes élevés, afin de permettre une vitesse sur le volume d'au moins 40 m/s.
  6. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que le tambour présente une garniture avec une densité de pointes supérieure à 900 pointes par pouce carré.
  7. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la carde est constituée comme une carde à chapeau mobile, au moins 20 barres de chapeau (53) se dressant de préférence simultanément en position de travail face au tambour.
  8. Carde selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que chaque barre de chapeau présente une largeur de moins de 30 mm et de préférence une pièce porteuse en forme de profil creux.
  9. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la carde est constituée comme une carde à chapeau fixe.
  10. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs cylindres briseurs se trouvent dans le moyen d'acheminement.
  11. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'un puits de remplissage avec un dispositif de nettoyage est prévu dans le moyen d'acheminement.
  12. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce qu'un banc d'étirage, de préférence réglé, est prévu à la sortie de la carde ou sur la bande de dépôt de la carde.
  13. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que l'angle α compris sur l'axe de rotation du tambour dans la zone inférieure de la carde est inférieur à 90°, de préférence inférieur à 80°.
  14. Carde selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que le rapport de diamètre du tambour au diamètre du récupérateur est inférieur à 1,8 et de préférence inférieur à 1,5.
  15. Carde à chapeau mobile selon une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que chaque barre de chapeau de l'agencement à chapeau mobile est conçue pour optimiser son action de cardage dans la zone principale de cardage.
  16. Carde selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que la garniture d'au moins une barre de chapeau est subdivisée en groupes de pointes.
  17. Carde selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que les groupes présentent respectivement un plan de garniture.
  18. Carde selon la revendication 16 ou 17, caractérisée en ce que les groupes de pointes présentent différentes épaisseurs de fil métallique.
  19. Carde selon une des revendications 15 à 18, caractérisée en ce que la garniture d'une barre de chapeau présente une surface de garniture bombée.
  20. Carde selon une des revendications 15 à 19, caractérisée en ce que l'agrégat à chapeau mobile est muni de barres de chapeau (16) dont au moins une et de préférence toutes les zones de bordure à proximité des bords longitudinaux sont garnies de pointes.
  21. Carde selon la revendication 20, caractérisée en ce que la base est fixée sur un support, par exemple sur une semelle en ruban d'acier.
  22. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de renfort sont disponibles sous la forme d'une structure s'étendant au moins partiellement dans le sens du volume.
  23. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de renfort et la matière matrice forment ensemble un module E d'au moins 15000 N/mm2.
  24. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont disponibles pour pouvoir mettre à la terre une garniture enfilée sur le rouleau.
  25. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que la pièce du rouleau recevant la garniture se présente sous forme d'un élément cylindrique (sans changements notables de section transversale).
  26. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau présente une épaisseur de paroi régulière sur sa longueur d'au moins 10 mm, de préférence d'au moins 15 mm.
  27. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau consiste en une pièce cylindrique et en des pièces d'extrémité, le comportement à l'extension des pièces d'extrémité étant adapté au comportement à l'extension de la pièce cylindrique.
  28. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que la couche externe de la pièce recevant la garniture est formée d'une matière matrice.
  29. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce qu'une garniture est enfilée sur le rouleau de manière à ce que la pression provoquée par l'enfilement de la garniture et la pression de traction émise dans la matière du rouleau par la force centrifuge s'équilibrent largement.
  30. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, en matière plastique à fibres de renfort pour carde selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce qu'une garniture est enfilée sur le rouleau de manière à ce que cette garniture ne se détache pas de la surface la recevant à un régime de fonctionnement prédéterminé.
  31. Rouleau, en particulier tambour, selon la revendication 29 ou 30, caractérisé en ce que la garniture est constituée d'un fil métallique enfilé sur la surface cylindrique du rouleau, une force d'enfilement ne dépassant pas 40N étant employée.
EP98810088A 1997-02-24 1998-02-05 Machine de cardage à haute rendement Expired - Lifetime EP0866153B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH43897 1997-02-24
CH43897 1997-02-24
CH438/97 1997-02-24
CH131897 1997-06-03
CH131897 1997-06-03
CH1318/97 1997-06-03
CH183897 1997-07-31
CH1838/97 1997-07-31
CH183897 1997-07-31
CH2154/97 1997-09-12
CH215497 1997-09-12
CH215497 1997-09-12

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EP0866153A1 EP0866153A1 (fr) 1998-09-23
EP0866153B1 true EP0866153B1 (fr) 2002-07-31
EP0866153B2 EP0866153B2 (fr) 2004-11-24

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EP (1) EP0866153B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE59804953D1 (fr)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6219885B1 (en) 2001-04-24
TR199800277A3 (tr) 1998-09-21
DE59804953D1 (de) 2002-09-05
EP0866153A1 (fr) 1998-09-23
EP0866153B2 (fr) 2004-11-24
TR199800277A2 (xx) 1998-09-21

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