EP0446796A1 - Machine de cardage à rendement élevé - Google Patents

Machine de cardage à rendement élevé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446796A1
EP0446796A1 EP91103553A EP91103553A EP0446796A1 EP 0446796 A1 EP0446796 A1 EP 0446796A1 EP 91103553 A EP91103553 A EP 91103553A EP 91103553 A EP91103553 A EP 91103553A EP 0446796 A1 EP0446796 A1 EP 0446796A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
card
reel
der
working
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP91103553A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Demuth
Paul Stäheli
Kurt Weber
Peter Fritzsche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Publication of EP0446796A1 publication Critical patent/EP0446796A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/14—Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
    • D01G15/16—Main cylinders; Breasts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/32—Framework; Casings; Coverings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the carding of textile fibers (in particular "short staple fibers" with a maximum fiber length of up to approx. 60 mm) and sets itself the task of enabling an ultra-high-performance process.
  • the modern card comprises a so-called reel or two reels of larger dimensions.
  • This (each) reel works with a cover arrangement to carry out the actual carding.
  • the drum or drum pair
  • the feeding system usually processes fibers in the form of a cotton wool.
  • the take-off system is usually designed to form a band.
  • Each "working element” drum, briseur, customer, cover
  • There is a "working gap” between the reel and its “cladding” (be this cladding in the form of a working element or an element with a covering function).
  • the feeding system is designed to feed the reel with fibers to be processed as evenly as possible over the entire working width of the working elements, i.e. across the entire width provided with trimmings for processing fibers.
  • the take-off system is designed to collect processed fibers as evenly as possible over this entire width.
  • the reel is the "heart" of the machine and has a significant influence on all functions.
  • the invention dealt with in this application is based on the consideration that the basic method of carding can remain unchanged but at the same time a new development path has to be opened in order to enable further production and quality improvements without losing control over the method or to jeopardize.
  • a card according to this invention is characterized in that the working width is restricted in such a way that it does not exceed a dimension of 800 mm, e.g. is between 400 and 600 mm and is preferably reduced to less than 400 mm.
  • the reduction in the working width leads directly to less bending of the working elements in a direction transverse to the working width, because the working width of an element influences the deflection in the third power. At the same time, this reduction leads directly to an increased dimensional accuracy of the element in and of itself, and it also enables an improved mutual positional accuracy of the working elements relative to one another.
  • All parts influencing the working gap are preferably made of a material with a high modulus of elasticity to reduce deflections across the working width.
  • a such material is, for example, steel or fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the selected material must enable the desired dimensional accuracy of the part (in the corresponding manufacturing process) and be able to maintain it in operation. Accordingly, the material should have a smaller thermal expansion and / or a higher thermal conductivity, so that heat loss (which is unavoidable with high production) does not lead to any disruptive deformation of the working elements.
  • the diameter of the spool (or its working surface) is restricted in such a way that it does not exceed a dimension of 800 mm and is preferably between 350 and 450 mm.
  • This reel nevertheless preferably works directly with the feed and take-off system, i.e. the card comprises only a single drum.
  • the card is preferably a revolving card, i.e. the drum works with a revolving cover arrangement.
  • the diameter of the beater or the customer must be reduced in accordance with the reduction of the reel diameter, for example in order to maintain the relationships of these diameters which are common today. It is then possible to have at least the briseur and the customer, and preferably all of the To assemble the working gap with the working elements forming the drum (rotating and stationary) on two whole, undivided side walls.
  • the last-mentioned measure can ensure that no surfaces to be brought into contact with one another during assembly between the bearing points of the drum, beater and consumer can influence the mutual settings of these elements. Furthermore, it can be achieved that the bearing points or fastening points of all the elements mentioned are formed in one clamping in each side wall during manufacture. If the side walls are not ever formed from one piece, the parts of the side walls should therefore be firmly connected to one another at least before these bearing or fastening points are formed.
  • the side walls preferably form a base frame of the machine together with a base plate and a traveling lid frame.
  • brackets of stationary elements e.g. Carding plates or combs are used.
  • the smaller design of the overall machine enables simplified maintenance without significant loss of production.
  • Maintenance can be further simplified if, according to a preferred feature of this invention, the machine is made up of modules (e.g. drum, individual rotating parts, revolving cover arrangement) in such a way that each module can be removed individually from the frame without dismantling the other modules to have to.
  • modules e.g. drum, individual rotating parts, revolving cover arrangement
  • the guides for the revolving cover are in their working position opposite the Drum not formed directly on the side walls but carried by the drum of the drum, for example according to a principle according to Ref. 9.
  • the shaft of the drum is preferably mounted in the side walls by play-free bearings (shoulder bearings).
  • the shaft of the breeze or customer can also be carried by play-free bearings (e.g. shoulder bearings); however, it will normally be sufficient to provide grooved bearings for these elements.
  • the feed and customer zones are preferably provided in a single quadrant.
  • the traveling lid arrangement 52 comprises flat bars 53, of which only six are shown in FIG. 1.
  • a revolving cover arrangement currently in use comprises more than a hundred flat rods 53.
  • the rods are carried at their ends by endless chains (not shown) and are thereby preferably moved against the direction of rotation of the drum (according to the working principle of the applicant's C4 card).
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a part of the reel 50 with its cylindrical surface 64 and side plates 66.
  • the surface 64 is provided with a clothing, which in this example is provided in the form of wire 70 with saw teeth 72.
  • This type of clothing is widespread nowadays and is not described in more detail here. Standards have been defined for such sets (Ref. 6) and an explanation of this type of set can be found in Ref. 3, among others.
  • a good picture of a wired reel can be seen in Ref. 2 (page 1064). Garnishing practice for USA is listed in Ref. 4.
  • Figure 2 shows a detail e.g. at point I in Figure 1 to a much larger scale.
  • the wire 70 with two of its saw teeth 72 is shown again.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a part of a flat bar 53, which forms the “working gap” AS with respect to the surface 64.
  • Rod 53 is also provided with a fitting in the form of a piece of wire 71 with saw teeth 73. The carding work is done between these sets. It is significantly influenced by the position of one set relative to the other and the set spacing "e" between the tips of the teeth of the two sets.
  • the part HKZ (Fig. 1) of the drum circumference, which is covered by the revolving cover arrangement 52, can be referred to as the main carding zone.
  • the part VKZ of the drum circumference between the beater 58 and the traveling lid arrangement 52 is now referred to as the pre-carding zone, the part NKZ of the drum circumference between the traveling lid arrangement 52 and the customer 62 as the postcarding zone, and the part UKZ of the drum circumference between the customer 62 and the beater 58 as Subcarding zone.
  • rod-shaped elements 55 (FIG. 3) are often attached in the pre-, post- and under-carding zones of the card.
  • Various additional effects can thus be achieved.
  • a proposal e.g. according to DOS 2 033 036) to use almost the entire cylindrical surface of the reel for carding therefore does not lead to the desired goal.
  • no clothing can have any further significant effect (cannot exert any force on the fibers).
  • a targeted use should rather be aimed for.
  • each additional element must be set exactly in relation to the drum 50 in order to achieve its intended effect.
  • all settings must be able to be maintained.
  • the reel 50 itself can be deformed by pulling on the clothing wire and / or by centrifugal force (reference 14), additional stiffness being able to be bought through additional material (wall thickness).
  • the flat bars 53 are normally provided with reinforcing ribs in order to reduce the deflection as much as possible. Special measures for stiffening additional elements (carding segments) can also be taken (see, for example, our Swiss patent application No. 4349/89 from December 1st, 1989 with the title "Drum shuttering segment").
  • the shaft W of the drum 50 is also shown in FIG.
  • This shaft W is carried in a frame, not shown in FIG. 4, so that the drum can be rotated about the longitudinal axis AA of the shaft W by a drive, not shown.
  • the diameter ( ⁇ ) of the cylindrical surface 64 ie twice the radius R shown) is also an important dimension of the machine, such as to be presented below in connection with further figures.
  • the most common cards today (Ref. 11) have a working width in the range 900 to 1500 mm with a reel diameter in the range 1200 to 1500 mm.
  • the reel for such a card is made as an iron casting.
  • 5 shows a reel for a card with a working width B of 1000 mm and a diameter of 1300 mm with a weight of 1000 kg.
  • the dimensions of cardigan reels used today, both for cards with single and tandem reels, are listed in Ref. 3, 4 and 7.
  • a card according to this invention has a maximum working width B of 800 mm, the working width preferably being considerably less than 600 mm.
  • the relationship between today's normal working width Bn and a working width Be according to this invention is shown in the diagram in FIG. The two working widths are shown starting from the same "zero level" E-E.
  • the fully extended line Bn represents the minimum working width of 900 mm today, while the dashed line represents the extension up to the maximum working width of 1500 mm.
  • the solid line Be represents the maximum working width of 800 mm according to this invention to the same scale, while the preferred range of 600 mm (and less) is shown with the boundary line Br.
  • the preferred diameter of 500 mm is indicated by dashed lines.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 The relationships shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7 are shown in the isometric illustration in FIG Drum dimensions of 500 mm diameter d with 500 mm working width b compared to the 1300 mm diameter D and 1000 mm working width B common today.
  • FIG. 9 shows a photograph of the carding machine of a spinning mill which is equipped with cards of the applicant's C4 model series. Around 5000 cards of this type are in use worldwide on the filing date. The above-mentioned working elements are not visible in FIG. 9 because the machine is fully connected to protect its surroundings. Accordingly, in FIG. 9 only the outer casing, which is formed from sheet metal parts, can be seen.
  • FIG. 9 also shows the filling chutes (F, FIG. 3) which are used to deliver fiber material (in the form of a wadding) to the feed system 54 (FIG. 3), and a can stick (K, FIG. 3) for each card, which serves to receive the tape 61 delivered by the take-off system 60 (FIG. 3).
  • FIG. 9 shows a photograph of the carding machine of a spinning mill which is equipped with cards of the applicant's C4 model series. Around 5000 cards of this type are in use worldwide on the filing date. The above-mentioned working elements are not visible in FIG. 9 because the machine
  • the "carding machine” does not consist of a single machine but of a machine group.
  • the individual machines each represent a "building block” of the machine group.
  • the carding machine as a whole accordingly requires a lot of space.
  • This invention does not provide for any significant changes in the filling shaft F and the pitcher can K, so that without a change in the overall arrangement, which will only be described below, no significant reductions in the space required for these assemblies can be expected.
  • the decrease in the working width of the filling shaft F corresponding to the reduction in the working width of the card itself can be disregarded here as a secondary issue.
  • Figure 10 shows with solid lines, the formwork box of the C4 card with a length L of 2450 mm, width W of 3050 mm and height H of 2000 mm.
  • the same figure shows with dashed lines to the same scale the formwork box for a card according to this invention with a length 1 of 1050 mm, a height h of 1600 mm and a width w of 1600 mm.
  • FIGS. 5 to 10 in particular show the external effects of a break with the past and indicate some advantages of these effects. However, these effects do not themselves constitute the main idea of the invention.
  • the focus is not on the work surface, but on the accuracy (precision).
  • the key finding is that the precision is impaired by increasing the effective work surface.
  • the work surface should therefore not be enlarged, but reduced in such a way that the precision and thereby the efficiency of the use of the existing work surface can be increased significantly.
  • the key to increasing precision is to limit the working width.
  • this key opens the door to a number of other options, some of which (such as reducing the diameter of the drum) have been proposed in the past, but have so far been difficult or not at all practical (technical / economical) to implement. Further possibilities for increasing the precision will now be described on the basis of the further figures.
  • the breeze 58 and the pickup 62 are also each provided with a set (not shown). It is necessary to mount the drum, the breeze and the customer opposite each other by means of a frame in a predetermined arrangement in order to achieve the desired effects in the places where their clothing is approaching.
  • the frame must maintain the predetermined relationships of these work items over the life of the machine.
  • Each of these three assemblies can comprise further rollers, for example the feed roller, which are carried by the respective side walls. These further rollers are not shown in FIG. 11 because they are irrelevant for the next considerations.
  • the side carriers for the drum and removal assemblies 100 and 105 are mounted and fastened on the side walls 107 of a base frame 101.
  • a second frame borders on the base 101 Base 103 on, of which the side walls 109 carries the assembly of the breeze.
  • the distance N between the axes of the drum 50 and the beater 58 and the distance M between the axes of the drum 50 and the pickup 62 should both be precisely adjustable.
  • these distances N and M are significantly influenced by the contact (or not contact) of the surfaces P1 of the side supports on the side walls or the surfaces P2 of the underframes.
  • FIG. 12 shows (on a larger scale than FIG. 11) a preferred frame for a card according to this invention.
  • This frame comprises two vertical side walls 110 (only one side wall is visible in FIG. 12). These side walls 110 are bound together by a base plate BP, three cross connections Q and the revolving cover frame G with a plurality of cross connections V to form a closed base frame in the sense that cross connections are present above, below and on both sides of the drum.
  • the cross connections Q are provided as close as possible to the drum in order to make the structure here as rigid as possible.
  • Each side wall 110 is provided with a slot 112 and two openings 114, 116.
  • the opening 114 receives the shaft 104 of the breeze, the opening 116 the shaft 108 of the customer and the slot 112 the shaft W of the drum.
  • the assembly of the drum is fixed (positioned) by centering bolts (162, Fig. 17) in openings Z in the side walls.
  • These openings Z, 114, 116 can be formed as bores in a single clamping of the side wall as a workpiece during production. This enables a particularly precise predetermination of the distances n (between the longitudinal axis of the drum shaft and the longitudinal axis of the beater shaft) and m (between the longitudinal axis of the drum shaft and the longitudinal axis of the customer shaft).
  • All other rotating or adjustable parts are stored in the side walls 110.
  • the side walls 110 are preferably each formed from one piece (eg cast part). Where this is not the case, connections between side wall parts should be made before the openings Z, 114 and 116 are formed.
  • the distances n, m are of course much smaller than the distances N, M, not only because the diameter of the reel according to this invention is smaller, but also because the diameters of the beater and customer have also preferably been reduced, in relation to the decrease of the drum diameter.
  • the speed of this element must be increased in order to maintain the circumferential speed that is common today.
  • the reductions in the reel diameter and the working width lead to a reduction in the effective working area, which must be compensated for by maintaining the material throughput by increasing the circumferential speed in use today.
  • capacity is to be created for a further increase in production, this means a further increase in the peripheral speed.
  • the associated increases in drum speed lead to a corresponding increase in the centrifugal forces acting on the processed material. This gives the advantage of improved separation of heavier particles.
  • the increased centrifugal force exerts an influence on the fibers, so that an increase in the fiber ends protruding from the roller sets can be expected. These fiber ends are thrown against the facing surfaces of the cladding. This creates increased friction between the fibers and the cladding.
  • the shape and surface quality of the cladding therefore plays a more important role than before. It is therefore preferred to process any surface that is not provided with a clothing in order to determine the shape and structure of the fiber-carrying surface.
  • the air gap in the working gap could also play a more important role. Since this air has no advantages, it is desirable to keep the amount of air as small as possible, possibly until (partial) evacuation.
  • Figures 11 and 12 also have a further difference, namely the change in the "geometry” of the overall arrangement.
  • This "geometry” can (representatively) be represented by the angle ⁇ , which is formed by the lines M, N (angle ⁇ 1) or m, n (angle ⁇ 2).
  • Angle ⁇ 2 is significantly smaller than angle ⁇ 1, which increases the available surface of the reel in its direction of rotation between the briseur and the customer.
  • this increase in the existing work surface in the direction of rotation between the briseur and the customer is advantageous because the main carding service has to be performed in this area.
  • there is still space in the sub-carding zone to provide a small number of additional carding rods.
  • These additional carding bars can be formed and arranged in accordance with our Swiss patent application No. 4348/89 of December 4, 1989 (title: "Process and device for cleaning or carding textile fibers").
  • the smaller dimensions of the card itself also allow for a space-saving arrangement of the combination of filling shaft-carding-jug stock, i.e. an arrangement that reduces the floor space required for these three building blocks.
  • a card according to Fig. 12 could e.g. can be rotated through 90 ° about the longitudinal axis of the drum, so that the breeze 58 is arranged on the "top”.
  • the filling shaft F (Fig. 3) could then be placed above (instead of next to) the card.
  • the jug stock K (FIG. 3) could be set up below (instead of next to) the card.
  • FIG. 14 schematically shows a section in the plane XIV - XIV (FIG. 12).
  • Guide disks 88 are mounted directly on the shaft W of the drum via bearings 89, these disks 88 being able to rotate around the shaft W in operation depending on the movements of the flat bars 53.
  • this system matches the system according to EP 232 018 (Ref. 9).
  • the "arch” is therefore only on the disks 88, but comprises the same angle ⁇ as the arch of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 15 shows that in the new card (because of the reduction in the drum diameter) there is only room for 12 conventional flat bars 53 in the working position (on the sheet with an angle ⁇ ) relative to the drum 50.
  • These flat bars 53 are identical to those in use today. A more complete description of such flat bars is e.g. can be found in reference 3.
  • the decrease in the number of fiber processing elements in the revolving cover arrangement represents a reduction in the Carding work, which must be compensated for by the higher precision.
  • the reduction in the carding work is not proportional to the decrease in the number of flat bars. It is known ((Ref. 3) that the majority of the carding work is already carried out when the bars enter the sheet, ie while the bars move from position 1 to position 6 in Figure 15. A certain reduction in the number of bars to in many cases, therefore, the bow has no significant disadvantages.
  • a flat bar 53 in use today is not effective over its entire width, but mainly works in the edge area on the edge following in the direction of movement (in the "heel").
  • the width of the flat bars in a card according to this invention can therefore be reduced since they have the necessary rigidity anyway because of the reduction in the working width.
  • the flat bar width can e.g. halved compared to today's conventional flat bar, which doubles the number of flat bars in the working position.
  • FIG. 13 shows the preferred geometry of the working elements drum 50, revolving cover arrangement 52, beater 58, pickup 62 and (any) additional elements which are dealt with in more detail below.
  • the side walls 110 (see also FIG. 12) carry a yoke 92 which is mounted on the side walls 110 by means of fastenings 93.
  • the yoke 92 in turn serves as a carrier for the guide rollers 94 of the revolving cover arrangement 52.
  • the revolving cover arrangement or the frame (not shown) is reinforced by three cross connections V which are connected to the yoke 92.
  • the main carding zone comprises an angle of approximately 110 ° on the reel axis, the pre-carding zone an angle of approximately 50 °, the postcarding zones an angle of approximately 50 ° and the Subcarding zone an angle of approx. 40 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is approximately 65 °.
  • FIG. 13 also shows the feed roller 56 (cf. pages 11 and 12) and a pair of doffer rolls 61 on the pickup 62.
  • pre-carding zone there is space for an additional segment 96 with a dirt separating knife (not shown - e.g. according to our Swiss patent application No. 4349/89 from December 1st, 1989).
  • carding bars 98 which can be formed similarly to the flat bars 53.
  • the drum 50 is otherwise covered by plates 86.
  • the inner surfaces of these cladding plates 86, which face the drum, have been processed or treated so that they exert the smallest possible braking effect on the fibers touching them.
  • These plates must also be adjustable exactly in relation to the drum 50 in order to ensure the desired fiber guidance or the specified air balance on the drum.
  • the breeze and customer are also disguised.
  • the customer has cladding panels such as the panels 86 (FIG. 13) of the drum and such panels can also be provided on the top of the beater 58 (FIG. 16).
  • the breeze 58 can, however, also be provided on its underside with segments 87 (FIG. 16) having carding rods in order to achieve a pre-resolution.
  • segments are, however, already in use and are not described in more detail here.
  • FIG 17 shows the preferred storage for the reel 50 of a carding machine according to this invention.
  • the drum is mounted on a shaft W. This attachment is not shown in Figure 17, but preferred arrangements should be described below with reference to Figure 18.
  • Each end portion of the shaft W has a stepped configuration and extends through the slot 112 (FIG. 12) in the corresponding side wall 110.
  • Each bearing 150 comprises an inner one Race 152, which is provided with a shoulder 154 only at its end remote from the drum.
  • Each race 152 is attached to the shaft W by a respective nut 153.
  • Each bearing 150 also comprises an outer race 156, which is provided with a shoulder 158 only on its end facing the drum 50.
  • the race 156 of the one (left ") bearing 150 is fixedly mounted in an annular intermediate piece 161 by two flanged rings 160 and fastening screws (not shown).
  • the intermediate piece 161 is in through the already mentioned centering bolts 162 and centering holes Z (FIG. 12) attached to the corresponding side wall 110.
  • the race 156 of the other ("right") bearing 150 is not fixedly attached to the corresponding side wall 110 (or the corresponding intermediate piece 161) but by a spring 164 between its shoulder 158 and one on the wall 110 (via the intermediate piece 161) attached ring 163 axially toward shoulder 154 from the same bearing.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows both the hollow cylindrical part of the drum and its side plates 66, but without showing the connection of these elements to one another and to the shaft W.
  • These connections can also be made in a drum 50 according to this invention of conventional type.
  • the drum 50 can also be made of cast iron, like a drum that is used today.
  • the hollow cylindrical part 170 of the drum 50 (FIG. 18) is, however, preferably formed from a material with a much higher modulus of elasticity than cast iron - e.g. from steel.
  • This cylinder can be formed by turning on a steel tube (as a blank), so that all essential surfaces are processed.
  • the side plates 172 are preferably formed from the same material and can comprise flexible parts, so that any radial forces between the cylinder 170 and the side plates 172 lead to deformation of the plates 172 rather than to a deformation of the cylinder 170.
  • each side plate 172 is connected to the cylinder 170 via a U-shaped outer edge part 174, so that this edge part forms a thin gap 176 with the cylinder 170 and represents the flexible part of the side plate 172.
  • cylinder 170 The use of new materials with a higher modulus of elasticity and a low specific weight (e.g. fiber-reinforced plastic) would be possible in cylinder 170.
  • a cylinder made of such material could e.g. are connected to the shaft by a "filling" of porous material.
  • Such materials have low thermal expansion.
  • additives can also be provided to ensure the thermal conductivity from the areas where high heat loss occurs.
  • FIG. 19 shows another possibility of assembly or to simplify maintenance work in a card according to this invention.
  • Each work roll (e.g. the beater 58 and / or the pickup 62) can be mounted in the side walls 110 by a suspension according to FIG. 19.
  • This suspension comprises two cone elements 180, 182 each with a stub axle 184, 186 which is received in a corresponding opening 188, 190 in the side wall 110.
  • Each cone element is received in a corresponding tapered opening in the front of the work roll.
  • One element 180 and its axis 182 have a longitudinal bore 192.
  • a bolt 194 extends through this bore into a threaded bore 196 of the element 182 in order to firmly connect the two cone elements to the roller.
  • the stub axles 184, 186 are supported in the side walls 110 by suitable bearings 198.
  • the axis 186 of the element 182 has a coupling part 200 at the free end, which can be coupled to a gear (not shown) of a gear motor 204.
  • the motor 204 is secured against rotation with the corresponding side wall 110 by a suitable connection 206.
  • the assembly can be easily disassembled by removing the motor 204, loosening the bolt 194 and pulling the cone elements out through the bearing openings in the side walls, whereby the roller itself can be lifted out of the space between the side walls.
  • the replacement of a replacement unit can be carried out accordingly (vice versa) without disturbing other units of the machine.
  • the revolving cover arrangement 52 forms a further module which can be lifted off the side walls as a unit by loosening the fastenings 93 and thereby exposing the drum assembly.
  • the drum 50 is driven via the shaft W by a motor 205 (FIG. 17) which (like the motor 204, FIG. 19) has a suitable one Connection 207 with the side wall 110 is secured against rotation.
  • a motor 205 FIG. 17
  • the drum assembly can also be removed from the side walls 110 without requiring the disassembly of the other assemblies.
  • FIG. 20 it is now planned to provide a new type of clothing for the drum, namely a clothing consisting of individual tips (e.g. needles) held in a carrier. It is known in practice to garnish the breeze with needles according to reference 10. Such a garnishing of the drum has also been suggested, but has so far not been achieved in practice for the drum with its much higher peak density.
  • Such a loading of the working surface of the reel can also be carried out for a conventional card and would also bring the technological advantages to be described below. But it is relatively easy to implement where this work area has been reduced, at the same time the requirements for the precision of the clothing have been increased significantly.
  • FIG. 20 again shows a part of the cylindrical surface 64 of the drum.
  • the lines R1 represent radii of the drum.
  • This drum is equipped with needles 120, each of which is formed individually and is pressed or glued into individual seats (holes) in the jacket and is thereby held. The tips of these needles are as close as possible to a lateral surface Mt.
  • the essential setting parameters for the behavior of a clothing in the card are the angles of the flanks of the saw teeth in relation to the longitudinal direction of the wire (Ref. R5, R6 and R4).
  • each such parameter translates into an angle of the appropriate flank with respect to a tangent (or a radius) of the surface of the drum, with all the tips of the drum directed in the direction of rotation of the drum.
  • each needle e.g. as shown with the round cross-section in Figure 20A, is formed rotationally symmetrical along its entire longitudinal axis, e.g. the angle e of this longitudinal axis with respect to the radius or with respect to the tangent of the drum are treated as an essential parameter.
  • the needle is not rotationally symmetrical over its entire length, but, for example, like the needle in FIG. 22 with its tip S is formed on a flank.
  • the angle between the working flank AF and the radius R, (or the tangent) must be taken into account as the setting parameter.
  • the tip S can be on the working edge AF ( Figure 21) or on the Working edge diametrically opposite edge (not indicated).
  • the needle is not rotationally symmetrical over its entire length, problems could arise if the needle feet are circular, since the needles could then be incorrectly adjusted when pressed in.
  • Such needles could e.g. have a square cross-section (FIG. 20B) or a triangular cross-section (FIG. 20C).
  • the working edge AF can be rounded off (FIG. 20C) or formed as a plane (FIG. 20B).
  • the needles are preferably not inserted directly into the body of the drum, but e.g. in support rods 122 (FIG. 23) which are fastened next to one another on the cylindrical surface of the reel and thereby form an outer jacket.
  • the rods 122 are then preferably interchangeable individually or in groups because they are attached to the drum individually or in groups.
  • a group of rods is preferably combined into a segment by connecting elements and the segments are attached to side flanges of the drum by suitable connections. The working angles of the needles are then determined in relation to the surfaces of the rods.
  • the same rods 122 can also be used as flat rods (FIG. 21) and in stationary carding segments (FIG. 21A).
  • a direction of rotation of the drum (not shown) is assumed to be clockwise.
  • the needles in the reel must all have the same working angles, this does not necessarily apply to the flat bars and stationary carding segments.
  • Patent application No. 4348/89 has been shown, it can prove advantageous to change the working angle of the clothing of the outer working elements to change the drum. It may even prove advantageous to provide the needles of the carding segments with a "negative" working angle (FIG. 21A), ie the tips of these needles point in the direction of rotation of the reel.
  • 21A also shows a further variant for the shape of the needles with a taper over the entire length of the needle (or at least over its free length, ie the part outside the support rod).
  • the flat bars will, however, all have the same working angles with one another, namely a "positive" angle (FIG. 21), ie the needle tips point against the direction of rotation of the drum.
  • the needle bars are preferably made of a relatively easily deformable material (e.g. aluminum or brass). They must be attached to rigid rods for use. Like the drum, these can be made of steel (or another material with a higher modulus of elasticity).
  • the main advantage of the needles as a set of the reel and the flat rods is that they have a much longer service life than can be achieved with the all-steel set currently in use. This advantage is of course also present when the needle set is used in a conventional card.
  • the combination of the needle set with a card according to this invention is particularly advantageous because the invention reduces the working surface of the reel, which on the one hand reduces the amount of garnish and on the other hand increases the load on this garnish per unit of time (with the same or increased production of the machine) .
  • Short or smaller elements can be manufactured more precisely. They can also be garnished more precisely, e.g. in principle, such measures are taken that each needle can be set individually on the lateral surface Mt (FIG. 20).
  • Precision is not only important during (static) assembly, but rather during (dynamic) operation. The manufacturing precision must then essentially be maintained, if possible over the life of the machine.
  • the smaller working width according to this invention leads directly to effect I (better adherence to the settings) in operation, because it enables the rigidity of all working elements of the card to be increased.
  • the reduction of the drum diameter brings both smaller thermal Expansion as well as smaller expansion under centrifugal force.
  • the reduction of the reel diameter and the smaller working width result in a more compact construction and a weight reduction. This leads to an improvement of the frame, which enables a much more precise predetermination of the mutual positioning of the roller axes.
  • the use of a play-free bearing for the drum results in better compliance with the desired settings over time.
  • the improvements in precision enable a significant increase in throughput per unit of work surface.
  • the smaller working surface of the reel is able to support an increase in production compared to today's card.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
EP91103553A 1990-03-16 1991-03-08 Machine de cardage à rendement élevé Ceased EP0446796A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH87790 1990-03-16
CH877/90 1990-03-16

Publications (1)

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EP0446796A1 true EP0446796A1 (fr) 1991-09-18

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EP91103553A Ceased EP0446796A1 (fr) 1990-03-16 1991-03-08 Machine de cardage à rendement élevé

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US (1) US5295284A (fr)
EP (1) EP0446796A1 (fr)
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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994002670A1 (fr) * 1992-07-28 1994-02-03 Hollingsworth Gmbh Machine a carder
US5625924A (en) * 1994-07-29 1997-05-06 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Method for producing a card sliver and carding machine therefor
EP0866153A1 (fr) * 1997-02-24 1998-09-23 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage à haute rendement
EP1031650A2 (fr) † 1999-02-22 2000-08-30 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage
DE102004035771A1 (de) * 2004-07-23 2006-03-16 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG Vorrichtung an einer Karde mit einer Trommel, der Trommel gegenüberliegenden garnierten und/oder nichtgarnierten Elementen und ortsfesten Seitenteilen
EP0989213B2 (fr) † 1998-09-04 2006-03-29 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage respectivement machine de cardage dite laine
EP1078116B2 (fr) † 1998-05-13 2006-07-12 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine traitant une matiere textile et dotee d'un bac d'etirage
EP1009870B2 (fr) † 1997-09-01 2008-09-17 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Banc d'etirage regule

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US5970242A (en) * 1996-01-24 1999-10-19 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Replicating code to eliminate a level of indirection during execution of an object oriented computer program
US8308478B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2012-11-13 Dentsply International Inc. Methods for indirect bonding of orthodontic appliances
DE102010055290A1 (de) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-21 Trützschler GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft Vorrichtung an einer Karde oder Krempel, bei der mindestens ein Arbeits- und/oder Abdeckelement vorhanden ist
CN107217338A (zh) * 2017-07-21 2017-09-29 浙江龙纺织有限公司 一种纺织生产梳棉机

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FR2398126A1 (fr) * 1977-07-22 1979-02-16 Truetzschler & Co Carde
EP0214438A2 (fr) * 1985-09-06 1987-03-18 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Tambour pour les machines de cardage

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FR1243034A (fr) * 1958-09-06 1960-10-07 Mak Maschinenbau Kiel Ag Cylindre perfectionné, notamment pour laineuses, cardes, et pour leurs appareils accessoires
FR1459952A (fr) * 1965-10-11 1966-06-17 Procédé et appareil pour démêler et redresser des fibres continues
CH549649A (fr) * 1972-06-14 1974-05-31 Brown Roger Stanley Machine a carder.
CH550866A (fr) * 1972-06-14 1974-06-28 Brown Roger Stanley Machine a carder.
FR2398126A1 (fr) * 1977-07-22 1979-02-16 Truetzschler & Co Carde
EP0214438A2 (fr) * 1985-09-06 1987-03-18 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Tambour pour les machines de cardage

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994002670A1 (fr) * 1992-07-28 1994-02-03 Hollingsworth Gmbh Machine a carder
US5625924A (en) * 1994-07-29 1997-05-06 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Method for producing a card sliver and carding machine therefor
US5894636A (en) * 1994-07-29 1999-04-20 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Method for producing a card sliver and carding machine therefor
EP0866153A1 (fr) * 1997-02-24 1998-09-23 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage à haute rendement
US6219885B1 (en) 1997-02-24 2001-04-24 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag High performance card
EP1009870B2 (fr) † 1997-09-01 2008-09-17 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Banc d'etirage regule
EP1078116B2 (fr) † 1998-05-13 2006-07-12 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine traitant une matiere textile et dotee d'un bac d'etirage
EP0989213B2 (fr) † 1998-09-04 2006-03-29 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage respectivement machine de cardage dite laine
EP1031650A2 (fr) † 1999-02-22 2000-08-30 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Machine de cardage
DE102004035771A1 (de) * 2004-07-23 2006-03-16 Trützschler GmbH & Co KG Vorrichtung an einer Karde mit einer Trommel, der Trommel gegenüberliegenden garnierten und/oder nichtgarnierten Elementen und ortsfesten Seitenteilen
US7694393B2 (en) 2004-07-23 2010-04-13 Truetzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus at a carding machine having a cylinder and clothed and/or unclothed elements located opposite the cylinder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04222232A (ja) 1992-08-12
US5295284A (en) 1994-03-22

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