EP0668405B1 - Eléments de talus pour la protection et la stabilisation d'une pente - Google Patents

Eléments de talus pour la protection et la stabilisation d'une pente Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0668405B1
EP0668405B1 EP95101902A EP95101902A EP0668405B1 EP 0668405 B1 EP0668405 B1 EP 0668405B1 EP 95101902 A EP95101902 A EP 95101902A EP 95101902 A EP95101902 A EP 95101902A EP 0668405 B1 EP0668405 B1 EP 0668405B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mat
self
embankment
side wall
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95101902A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0668405A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Rudolf von Känel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sytec Bausysteme AG
Original Assignee
Sytec Bausysteme AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sytec Bausysteme AG filed Critical Sytec Bausysteme AG
Publication of EP0668405A1 publication Critical patent/EP0668405A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0668405B1 publication Critical patent/EP0668405B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0208—Gabions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an embankment element for securing or supporting a slope with at least one surface with a material layer which promotes the growth of plants.
  • a first type consists of a visible sign, a bottom wall and two side walls protruding from the sign to the rear.
  • Another type is a square box with four side walls without a bottom.
  • a planting element for extensive green walling which consists of a box element, of which one wall represents an open greening area and in the interior of which there is a substrate mat. These elements are designed identically among themselves and can be attached to each other on a wall. so that they can also be arranged in rows sideways. Such plant boxes are used to green a wall and in this form can never be used to green steep slopes, since they themselves have no supporting or Have anchoring options.
  • a prismatic body with at least one self-supporting side wall, and with further side walls consists of a load-bearing mat provided with openings, which mat is formed in one piece and also the self-supporting one Side wall comprises, the self-supporting side wall and the other side walls enclosing a core consisting of humus-like mass with the interposition of the material layer mentioned, and wherein the end parts of the mat are connected to one another and to a support element.
  • the prismatic body 10 in the form of a three-sided prism has a self-supporting wall 2, for example made of a grid known from construction technology.
  • a core 7 comprised of a mat 6, made of a humus mixture.
  • the two other walls 3, 4 are formed by a grid mat.
  • This lattice mat in one-piece design also encloses the self-supporting wall 2 and is connected to the prism edge opposite this self-supporting wall at the two end parts, such that a larger projecting part 13, 14 is formed on each side. the ends of these protruding parts are in turn connected to one another so that a tab 15 is formed.
  • a supporting element 12, e.g. a rod can be pushed on which the entire embankment element 10 can be lifted for loading and moving.
  • the mat 6 can be provided with seeds in advance or these can also be sown on the mat 6 after the formation of the embankment element 10. In any case, it is possible with such an element to keep it in a growth-favoring environment until the seeds at least germinate or, if possible, plants have already grown. Instead of or in addition to the mat 6, grass bricks or grown turfs could also be applied to the core 7.
  • a first embankment element 10 can be placed on a grown base 20 or on a base designed as a foundation, as shown in FIG.
  • the structure of a rear end 21 can then be introduced behind this slope element 10.
  • the tab 15 can be designed on the level 22 of the rear structure 21, so as to form an anchorage between the slope element 10 and the rear structure 21 and thus a support body.
  • the next slope element 10 is then placed on the compacted rear structure 21, the visible surface, for example the wall 3, either being able to align with the same wall 3 of the slope element below it, or being displaced to the rear with a distance, depending on the desired slope of the slope, which is therefore not only predetermined by the angle between the self-supporting wall 2 and the viewing wall 3 for each case.
  • the advantage of such a slope element is obvious.
  • the element can be prefabricated and even pre-planted or pre-planted and then brought to the construction site as a finished product. This saves working time on the construction site and is therefore much less dependent on the weather compared to the conventional method, according to which the embankment is erected on the spot, so that practically any weather has to be worked and there is still the risk of a thunderstorm the embankment is washed away.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elément de talus pour fixer ou soutenir un terrain en pente comprenant au moins une surface présentant une couche de matière (6), maintenue fixe et favorisant la croissance de plantes,
    caractérisé par
    un corps prismatique (10) ayant au moins une paroi latérale (2) autoportante et au moins d'autres parois latérales (3, 4) en une nappe (8) susceptible de soutenir, munie de passages traversants (7), cette nappe (8) étant réalisée en une seule pièce et comprenant également la paroi latérale autoportante (2), cette paroi latérale autoportante (2) et les parois latérales (3, 4) entourant, avec interposition de la couche de matière (6) évoquée ci-dessus, un noyau (9) composé d'une masse de type humus, et les éléments d'extrémité de la nappe (8) étant reliés entre eux et pour recevoir un élément de support (12).
  2. Elément selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la nappe (8) est une nappe en grille.
  3. Elément selon les revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps prismatique (10) est un prisme à trois côtés.
  4. Elément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la paroi latérale autoportante (2) se compose d'une grille connue de la technique de la construction.
  5. Elément selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    • les parties de la nappe (8) qui forment les autres parois latérales (3, 4) sont reliées, au niveau des arêtes prismatiques (3, 4) opposées aux parois latérales autoportantes (2), avec des segments (13, 14) qui dépassent et assurent la liaison, et
    • ces segments (13, 14) sont reliés entre eux au niveau des parties d'extrémité pour former une patte de support (15).
  6. Elément selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de support (16) est une barre (12) enfoncée dans la patte de support (15).
  7. Elément selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche de matière comprend des tuiles de gazon ou des couches végétales de gazon montés sur un noyau (9) ou.
  8. Elément selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les tuiles ou couches végétales de gazon sont placés entre le noyau (9) et la couche de matière (6).
  9. Talus équipé d'éléments de talus selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    • le corps prismatique (10) présente des angles différents au niveau des arêtes entre la paroi latérale (2) autoportante et la paroi (3), et
    • dans la partie inférieure du talus, on a formé un angle de talus plus raide que dans la partie supérieure.
  10. Talus selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les corps prismatiques (10) sont obtenus par des surfaces de base, différentes, à trois prismes.
EP95101902A 1994-02-17 1995-02-13 Eléments de talus pour la protection et la stabilisation d'une pente Expired - Lifetime EP0668405B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH47294 1994-02-17
CH472/94 1994-02-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0668405A1 EP0668405A1 (fr) 1995-08-23
EP0668405B1 true EP0668405B1 (fr) 1997-09-24

Family

ID=4187792

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95101902A Expired - Lifetime EP0668405B1 (fr) 1994-02-17 1995-02-13 Eléments de talus pour la protection et la stabilisation d'une pente

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5658096A (fr)
EP (1) EP0668405B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07305354A (fr)
KR (1) KR950032918A (fr)
AT (1) ATE158627T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59500695D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2112570T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO950586L (fr)

Families Citing this family (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6341922B1 (en) * 1997-10-20 2002-01-29 Felix P. Jaecklin Cellular construction, in particular supporting or sound insulating construction capable of being greened, and process for producing the same
WO1999023313A1 (fr) 1997-11-03 1999-05-14 Sytec Bausysteme Ag Coffrage coulissant destine a la construction de parois d'appui
US6497532B1 (en) * 1998-01-23 2002-12-24 Mcginn John Structural member for composite assembly device and method for erosion control and sediment retention
US6368017B2 (en) * 1999-03-16 2002-04-09 Charles E. Black Storm water detention filter system
US7452165B2 (en) * 2001-07-31 2008-11-18 Tyler Rodney W Containment systems, methods, and devices
US7226240B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2007-06-05 Tyler Rodney W Devices, systems, and methods for controlling erosion
US6672799B2 (en) * 2001-08-20 2004-01-06 Milan Dennis Earl Portable barrier
WO2003023151A1 (fr) * 2001-09-13 2003-03-20 Emeleyan Gorodetskyi Mur de retenue
US6893193B2 (en) * 2002-01-30 2005-05-17 B. Lanka Santha Self-anchoring fiber block system
DE10337539A1 (de) * 2003-08-06 2005-02-24 Alfredo Jimenez Anguita Spiralförmige Körper, die i.d.R. Gefüllt, in der Geotechnik, im Garten- und Landschaftsbau und/oder im Gebäudebau eingesetzt werden
US20070253785A1 (en) 2004-12-28 2007-11-01 Tyler Rodney W Containment systems, methods, and devices
US9945090B1 (en) 2007-04-16 2018-04-17 Conwed Plastics Acquisition Company V Llc System, devices, and/or methods for stabilizing earth
US8596928B1 (en) 2007-05-17 2013-12-03 Henry G Justiniano Cement-treated soil blocks with vegetative faces
US7850402B1 (en) * 2007-05-17 2010-12-14 Henry Justiniano Cement-treated soil blocks with vegetative faces
US7762746B2 (en) * 2007-07-19 2010-07-27 Gary Berenyi Silt fencing system
US20090238648A1 (en) * 2008-03-15 2009-09-24 Michael Allen Wilkman Modular wall systems with integrated growth medium
US8632278B2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-01-21 T & B Structural Systems Llc Mechanically stabilized earth welded wire facing connection system and method
KR100924933B1 (ko) * 2008-06-30 2009-11-05 김진태 식생토낭과 고정부재를 이용한 자연 친화적인 옹벽의시공방법 및 그 설치구조
US9562335B1 (en) * 2009-05-20 2017-02-07 Abron J. Arrington Flood control devices and methods
US8961073B2 (en) * 2009-12-08 2015-02-24 Awt Ip, Llc System and method for strengthening a sloped structure such as a berm, basin, levee, embankment, or the like
US8376657B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2013-02-19 Awt Ip, Llc Berm and method of construction thereof
US8845240B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2014-09-30 Awt Ip, Llc Berm and method of construction thereof
US8734059B2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-05-27 T&B Structural Systems Llc Soil reinforcing element for a mechanically stabilized earth structure
US8632280B2 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-01-21 T & B Structural Systems Llc Mechanically stabilized earth welded wire facing connection system and method
US9113601B2 (en) * 2011-08-11 2015-08-25 Can PA Love Structure for growing plants and a method of creating the structure
US9210846B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2015-12-15 Joseph P. VanLente Vertical concentrated vegetable and plant grower
US9181668B1 (en) * 2012-05-22 2015-11-10 Jordan S. Hill Shoreline erosion control arrangement and method
GB2503740B (en) * 2012-07-06 2014-10-15 Hesco Bastion Ltd Gabion
US9315962B2 (en) 2014-02-24 2016-04-19 B. Lanka Santha Fiber block planting system
US20160030867A1 (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-04 Eric J. Love Sediment filtration device, method and system
US10323401B2 (en) * 2015-08-21 2019-06-18 Granite Environmental, Inc. Curb inlet filter
US10196283B2 (en) * 2015-08-31 2019-02-05 Granite Environmental, Inc. Erosion and storm water control apparatus and method
US11306454B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2022-04-19 Wilkinson Ecological Design Erosion control apparatus
US11306455B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2022-04-19 Wilkinson Ecological Design Erosion control apparatus
US11492771B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2022-11-08 Wilkinson Ecological Design Erosion control apparatus
US10125462B2 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-11-13 Wilkinson Ecological Design Erosion control apparatus
US10280578B2 (en) 2017-08-21 2019-05-07 B. Lanka Santha Fiber block system
US12043973B2 (en) 2017-08-31 2024-07-23 Wilkinson Ecological Design Erosion control apparatus
US10145079B1 (en) 2017-10-31 2018-12-04 Awt Ip Llc Berm and method of manufacturing a berm
US10893649B2 (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-01-19 George Patrick Solis Bracing and blocking apparatus for a variety of uses
US10648149B1 (en) 2019-09-26 2020-05-12 B. Lanka Santha Fiber block system
US11965301B2 (en) * 2021-11-23 2024-04-23 B. Lanka Santha Fiber sheet system

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2113523A (en) * 1937-08-18 1938-04-05 White Stanley Hart Vegetation-bearing architectonic structure and system
GB2073281A (en) * 1979-12-03 1981-10-14 Netlon Ltd Reinforced soil structure
JPS5721630A (en) * 1980-07-15 1982-02-04 Yamashizu Shokai Kk Protective mat for slope and protection work therefor
JPS57133927A (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-18 Yutaka Kagaku Kogyo Kk Greens-planting work for slope
JPS60112928A (ja) * 1983-11-24 1985-06-19 Sanoku Kogyo Kk 法面保護構造
US4610568A (en) * 1984-03-28 1986-09-09 Koerner Robert M Slope stabilization system and method
GB2167794A (en) * 1984-12-04 1986-06-04 Soil Structures Improvements in and relating to stabilised soil structures
CH666510A5 (de) * 1985-03-05 1988-07-29 Landolt Fritz Ag Anordnung zum erstellen einer begruenbaren steilboeschung.
DE3800095A1 (de) * 1987-03-02 1989-07-13 Mielke Horst Guenter Pflanzelement zur flaechenhaften wandbegruenung
JPS6469020A (en) * 1987-09-10 1989-03-15 Nissei Plastics Ind Co Method of sealing light-emitting diode with resin
DE3932493A1 (de) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-11 Volker Dipl Ing Hansen Verfahren zur erstellung von vollflaechig begruenbaren steilboeschungen und vorrichtung hierzu
JPH0452319A (ja) * 1990-06-21 1992-02-20 Okabe Co Ltd 斜面安定工法及び擁壁
IT1242074B (it) * 1990-10-12 1994-02-08 Comes Spa Muro vegetativo in terra rinforzata e procedimento per la sua realizzazione
DE4105930A1 (de) * 1991-02-26 1992-08-27 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Grossvolumiger sack zum auf- und abbau von schutzwaellen
CH680078A5 (fr) * 1991-03-20 1992-06-15 Bossard & Staerkle Ag
JP2924432B2 (ja) * 1992-04-02 1999-07-26 三井石化産資株式会社 盛土構造物、その形成方法および形成材料
IT1257042B (it) * 1992-06-10 1996-01-05 Procedimento per la formazione di scarpate verdeggianti in terra rinforzata e prodotto ottenuto con tale procedimento
JP2600050B2 (ja) * 1993-02-10 1997-04-16 天龍工業株式会社 法面保護緑化構造

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO950586L (no) 1995-08-18
ATE158627T1 (de) 1997-10-15
ES2112570T3 (es) 1998-04-01
EP0668405A1 (fr) 1995-08-23
DE59500695D1 (de) 1997-10-30
US5658096A (en) 1997-08-19
NO950586D0 (no) 1995-02-16
KR950032918A (ko) 1995-12-22
JPH07305354A (ja) 1995-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0668405B1 (fr) Eléments de talus pour la protection et la stabilisation d'une pente
EP0197000B1 (fr) Elément pour réaliser des pentes raides à planter
DE2048551A1 (de) Bauelement fur Wände, Gitter wände oder dergleichen
DE2704722A1 (de) Pflanzkasten
EP0430890A1 (fr) Elément de paroi pour la construction à sec de murs, système constructif pour la fixation de pentes et paroi de soutènement obtenue par le système
DE102007050027A1 (de) Bepflanzte Gabione
EP0379466B1 (fr) Elément de construction pour recouvrir la surface de talus par un revêtement végétal et revêtement comportant de tels éléments
DE2618459A1 (de) Verfahren zum befestigen von boden an boeschungen
DE3627794A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur verfestigung der oberen bodenschicht durch ansiedlung von vegetation
EP0389973B1 (fr) Jeu d'éléments pour la construction d'un mur anti-bruit pouvant être couvert de végétation
EP0469008B1 (fr) Mur
DE19635480A1 (de) Dach
EP0617172B1 (fr) Mur anti-bruit végétalisable
DE3222781A1 (de) Verfahren zum begruenen von baukoerpern, vorgefertigte, selbstbegruenende bauelemente zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens sowie verfahren zur herstellung derselben
EP0971576B1 (fr) Element a vegetation pour l'engazonnement de toits presentant des creux et des bosses
DE3935099C2 (fr)
AT320529B (de) Grünverbauung von Bauflächen, insbesondere von Hangflächen in der Landschaft
DE2311028A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von gras- oder rasenflaechen
DE3534078A1 (de) Vegetationsgitterstein
DE69209812T2 (de) System und verfahren zur herstellung von landschaftgestaltenden stützmauern
DE19707355A1 (de) Fertigteilsatz zur variablen Gestaltung von Auflagen- und/oder Trennvorrichtungen im Bauwesen
DE3627795A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur verfestigung der oberen bodenschicht durch ansiedlung von vegetation
AT398994B (de) Bepflanzbares stützbauwerk und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
DE3607630A1 (de) Bodenbefestigung
DE3139432A1 (de) L-foermiger betonstein

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI PT SE

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: VON KAENEL, HANS RUDOLF

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19960228

R17P Request for examination filed (corrected)

Effective date: 19960714

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19970226

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI PT SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970924

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970924

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 158627

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19971015

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59500695

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19971030

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: SCHMAUDER & WANN PATENTANWALTSBUERO, INHABER KLAUS

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19971224

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Effective date: 19971226

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19971230

Year of fee payment: 4

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19980219

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19980227

Year of fee payment: 4

GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19970924

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19980327

Year of fee payment: 4

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2112570

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: SYTEC BAUSYSTEME AG

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19990215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990228

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990228

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991029

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19991201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20010604

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050213