EP0379466B1 - Elément de construction pour recouvrir la surface de talus par un revêtement végétal et revêtement comportant de tels éléments - Google Patents

Elément de construction pour recouvrir la surface de talus par un revêtement végétal et revêtement comportant de tels éléments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0379466B1
EP0379466B1 EP90810028A EP90810028A EP0379466B1 EP 0379466 B1 EP0379466 B1 EP 0379466B1 EP 90810028 A EP90810028 A EP 90810028A EP 90810028 A EP90810028 A EP 90810028A EP 0379466 B1 EP0379466 B1 EP 0379466B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
vegetation
structural element
element according
facing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90810028A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0379466A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Eberle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberle Landschaftsbau AG
Original Assignee
Eberle Landschaftsbau AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eberle Landschaftsbau AG filed Critical Eberle Landschaftsbau AG
Publication of EP0379466A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379466A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component according to the preamble of independent claim 1 and a panel made of several such components.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a component of the type mentioned, with which a full-surface green covering on overgrown embankments in a simple manner and rock sections can be created while stabilizing the top layer of soil.
  • the component should also be suitable for creating cladding on concrete structures. The object is achieved by the invention according to claim 1.
  • vegetation layers with a thickness of up to 30 cm can be applied as well as planted and planted without large construction machines and also in poorly accessible places with simultaneous stabilization of the soil layer.
  • the components can be prefabricated with all required layers.
  • the carrier layer is formed by a claw fabric that is integrated into the vegetation layer.
  • a claw layer an organic seed layer of, for example, about 2 cm can be fixed.
  • This seed layer can already contain a seed mixture.
  • the component has a drainage layer on its underside.
  • a drainage layer is particularly easy to manufacture and effective if it consists of a filter layer and a curly layer.
  • a high level of cohesion and very good dimensional stability of the vegetation layer is achieved by adding vegetable fibers. These plant fibers are broken down by microorganisms in a short time after the component has been laid.
  • a cladding according to the invention consists of a plurality of cuboid blocks 10, which collide on their side surfaces and are fixed to the slope base 8 with ground anchors 5.
  • Groove-comb connections 6 on the side surfaces of the blocks 10 give the components 10 additional support and improve the contact between adjacent elements 10.
  • the components 10 are preferably cuboid and have a height of up to approximately 30 cm. However, other shapes are also conceivable that can be put together to form a surface without gaps.
  • Each component 10 has a vegetation layer 1 pressed into a rigid plastic block.
  • This vegetation layer 1 has, as a mixture component, an organic substance based on a compost soil with a high skeleton content and organic plant fibers with a length of 5-7 cm for connecting and reinforcing the skeleton components. Dried marine plants are also added, which, when combined with water, form a flush colloidal Form mass. These create a point connection in the capillaries of the vegetation layer that is important for plant growth.
  • the vegetation layer also contains clay minerals in various forms, micro- and macronutrients of organic origin as well as organic binders for the temporary binding of the block.
  • Such a pressed vegetation layer has high cohesion and very good shape stability due to the high skeleton content.
  • the components 10 joined in rows are fixed to the slope base 8 with ground anchors 5.
  • the ground anchors 5 have a pressure distribution plate 5a on the head, which engages with hooks in the claw fabric 3 and connects three adjacent components 10 to one another.
  • the anchors 5 also penetrate the base fabric 4, which in each case projects above the vegetation layer 1 on a narrow side.
  • the base fabric 4 integrated in the vegetation layer 1 is an anchoring layer, which secures the uppermost soil layer and serves to apply force to the ground anchors 5.
  • the top ground layer of the embankment is stabilized as an essential additional function. Since the root tissue 3, the base tissue 4 and the ground anchors 5 are relieved with increasing rooting of the vegetation layers 1, these can be produced from degradable natural material.
  • static nets 19a and 19b made of metal, plastic or natural fibers are placed on the surface of the embankment 18 and on claw layers 13 of several blocks.
  • the static nets 19a and 19b are non-positively attached to the embankment surface 18 via anchors 15.
  • the armature 15, which is arranged in a larger grid compared to the previous embodiment, also has a pressure distribution plate 15a, which is connected to the static network 19b and the claw fabric 13. Hydraulic backfills 17 are also possible and advantageous in this embodiment.
  • This second variant is characterized by a particularly high level of stability and is intended for slopes and rock areas that are particularly susceptible to slipping.
  • the embodiment variant according to FIGS. 3a and 3b also serves for slope drainage.
  • Individual blocks 30 of this cladding have a drainage layer 29 on the underside, which preferably consists of a filter layer (not shown here) and a curly layer.
  • the drainage layer 29 is fastened on the underside of a base fabric 24 and via this to a vegetation layer 21.
  • Several components 30 are put together in such a way that, for example, the channel shown in FIG. 3b is formed, through the rainwater in the direction of arrows 34 into a seepage from filter scree 31 and in Concrete 33 can drain drain pipe 32 inserted.
  • the vegetation layer is pressed into a rigid plastic block and reinforced with vegetable fibers, as already explained above.
  • the thickness d of the vegetation layer is, for example, 20 cm, but layer thicknesses of up to approximately 30 cm are possible. With this version, otherwise uncontrolled rainwater can be drained. Damage to erosion is avoided in areas at risk.
  • microfibers made of plastic are added to the vegetation layer. These microfibers are highly branched and link the organic matter and form a rot-free reinforcement and linkage of the vegetation layer.
  • the microfibers are made of a UV-stable plastic, for example polyester, and have a length of 2 to 20 cm, preferably 3 to 8 cm. Such layers reinforced with microfibers are even more resistant to erosion and enable very steep and difficult slopes to be greened.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elément de construction (10, 20, 30) pour ériger, sur des talus, des zones rocheuses ou des ouvrages d'art en béton, des revêtements pouvant être ornés de plantations sur toute leur superficie, l'élément de construction (10, 20, 30) étant réalisé en forme de bloc, caractérisé par une couche comprimée de végétation (1, 11, 21) munie d'adjonctions d'armature et d'une couche de support (3, 13, 23) sur la face supérieure de cette couche de végétation (1, 11, 21).
  2. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la couche de support (3, 13, 23) est un tissu d'agriffage intégré dans la couche de végétation (1, 11, 21).
  3. Elément de construction selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'une couche organique de germination (2, 12, 22) est incorporée dans la couche de support.
  4. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'un tissu de base (4, 14, 24) est intégré dans la couche de végétation (1, 11, 21).
  5. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'une couche de drainage (29) est disposée sur la face inférieure de la couche de végétation (1, 11, 21).
  6. Elément de construction selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que la couche de drainage présente une couche filtrante et une couche crépue pour le guidage des eaux.
  7. Elément de construction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que la couche de végétation (1, 11, 21) est comprimée en un bloc, combinée à des liants organiques avec plasticité rigide, et armée par des fibres végétales ou par des microfibres enchaînées en matière synthétique.
  8. Revêtement comprenant plusieurs éléments de construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments de construction (10, 20, 30) sont aboutés par des côtés étroits et forment une couche cohérente, et cette couche est assujettie dans le sous-sol par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs tirants d'ancrage (5, 15, 25).
  9. Revêtement selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que plusieurs éléments de construction (10, 20, 30) sont recouverts, sur au moins une face, par un entrelacs statique commun (19a, 19b), et cet entrelacs est fixé dans le sol (18) au moyen de tirants (15) d'ancrage dans la terre ou dans la roche.
  10. Revêtement selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé par le fait que des cavités, entre la surface du talus et les éléments de construction (10, 20, 30), sont comblées hydrauliquement par une couche de végétation (7, 17, 27).
EP90810028A 1989-01-16 1990-01-11 Elément de construction pour recouvrir la surface de talus par un revêtement végétal et revêtement comportant de tels éléments Expired - Lifetime EP0379466B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH126/89A CH678075A5 (fr) 1989-01-16 1989-01-16
CH126/89 1989-01-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0379466A1 EP0379466A1 (fr) 1990-07-25
EP0379466B1 true EP0379466B1 (fr) 1992-12-09

Family

ID=4179847

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90810028A Expired - Lifetime EP0379466B1 (fr) 1989-01-16 1990-01-11 Elément de construction pour recouvrir la surface de talus par un revêtement végétal et revêtement comportant de tels éléments

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0379466B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE83278T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH678075A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59000555D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0379466T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2036107T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5797706A (en) 1993-06-24 1998-08-25 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Earth structures

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5389166A (en) * 1990-12-17 1995-02-14 American Colloid Company Water barrier formed from a clay-fiber mat
US5174231A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-12-29 American Colloid Company Water-barrier of water-swellable clay sandwiched between interconnected layers of flexible fabric needled together using a lubricant
US5237945A (en) * 1990-12-17 1993-08-24 American Colloid Company Water barrier formed from a clay-fiber mat
FR2680810A1 (fr) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-05 Ebal Ste Civile Ensemble et procede pour la realisation de soutenements paysagers.
EP0621377B1 (fr) * 1991-09-13 1998-09-02 OFFICINE MACCAFERRI S.p.A. Procédé de réalisation de gabions du type matelas pour revêtements de protection végétabilisables
US5507599A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-04-16 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
SG52467A1 (en) * 1993-08-30 1998-09-28 Reinforced Earth Co Earthen work with wire mesh facing
JPH09501999A (ja) * 1993-08-30 1997-02-25 ザ・レインフォースド・アース・カンパニー ワイヤメッシュ保護層を有する補強土構造
DE4329370A1 (de) * 1993-09-01 1995-03-02 Jaecklin Felix Paul Element für Bauwerke, insbesondere für begrünbare Stütz- oder Schallschutzbauten, mit Bauteilsatz und Herstellungsverfahren
DE4335743C2 (de) * 1993-10-20 1998-07-23 Hochwald Ton Gmbh Trag- und Stützkonstruktion im Erdbau
DE29504458U1 (de) * 1995-03-16 1995-05-11 Gebrüder Friedrich GmbH, 38229 Salzgitter Matte
GB9602138D0 (en) * 1996-02-02 1996-04-03 Knight Austin A flexible structure for reinforcing earthworks
DE19631274A1 (de) * 1996-08-02 1998-02-05 Ross Kurt G Verfahren zur Sicherung von Geländesprüngen und Bausatz zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US5951209A (en) * 1996-11-25 1999-09-14 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Earthen work with wire mesh facing
DE19744553C2 (de) * 1997-10-09 2002-05-29 Green Corner Rasensysteme Gmbh Formkörper zur Bodenstabilisierung und zur Begrünung
CN113089696A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-07-09 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地勘局第二地质大队) 一种岩质边坡植物复绿方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1582820A1 (de) * 1967-04-11 1970-08-06 Hans Lutz Transportierbares Gartenbau-Element
DE2242358A1 (de) * 1972-08-29 1974-03-14 Deilmann Haniel Gmbh Einrichtung zur befestigung von gelaendeund uferboeschungen und kunstformstein zu deren herstellung
WO1982000169A1 (fr) * 1980-06-30 1982-01-21 J Drefahl Dispositif de support dans le sol pour ancrage de racines
FR2587383B1 (fr) * 1985-09-17 1988-06-17 Malibrera Raymond Dispositif de revetement stabilisateur de talus et similaires
EP0231416B1 (fr) * 1986-02-05 1991-10-16 Wolfgang Behrens Elément de végétation biologique et procédé de fabrication d'un tel élément ainsi que procédé de verdissage de façades

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5797706A (en) 1993-06-24 1998-08-25 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri Vidal Earth structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE83278T1 (de) 1992-12-15
DE59000555D1 (de) 1993-01-21
EP0379466A1 (fr) 1990-07-25
DK0379466T3 (da) 1993-01-25
ES2036107T3 (es) 1993-05-01
CH678075A5 (fr) 1991-07-31

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