DE69907261D1 - Schichtgitterstruktur besitzende lithiumhaltige metalloxide, die frei von lokalen kubisch-spinell-artigen phasen sind, und herstellung derselben - Google Patents
Schichtgitterstruktur besitzende lithiumhaltige metalloxide, die frei von lokalen kubisch-spinell-artigen phasen sind, und herstellung derselbenInfo
- Publication number
- DE69907261D1 DE69907261D1 DE69907261T DE69907261T DE69907261D1 DE 69907261 D1 DE69907261 D1 DE 69907261D1 DE 69907261 T DE69907261 T DE 69907261T DE 69907261 T DE69907261 T DE 69907261T DE 69907261 D1 DE69907261 D1 DE 69907261D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sub
- lithium
- compounds
- phases
- free
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G1/00—Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses C01B, C01C, C01D, or C01F, in general
- C01G1/02—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G45/00—Compounds of manganese
- C01G45/12—Manganates manganites or permanganates
- C01G45/1221—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof
- C01G45/1228—Manganates or manganites with a manganese oxidation state of Mn(III), Mn(IV) or mixtures thereof of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. LiMnO2, Li[MxMn1-x]O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Cobaltates
- C01G51/42—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/40—Cobaltates
- C01G51/42—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2
- C01G51/44—Cobaltates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiCoO2 containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D15/00—Lithium compounds
- C01D15/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/006—Compounds containing, besides cobalt, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/20—Two-dimensional structures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/30—Three-dimensional structures
- C01P2002/32—Three-dimensional structures spinel-type (AB2O4)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/74—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by peak-intensities or a ratio thereof only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/86—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by NMR- or ESR-data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/88—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by thermal analysis data, e.g. TGA, DTA, DSC
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10836098P | 1998-11-13 | 1998-11-13 | |
US108360P | 1998-11-13 | ||
EP99960299.8A EP1137598B2 (de) | 1998-11-13 | 1999-11-12 | Schichtgitterstruktur besitzende lithiumhaltige metalloxide, die frei von lokalen kubisch-spinell-artigen phasen sind, und herstellung derselben |
PCT/US1999/026758 WO2000029331A1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 1999-11-12 | Layered lithium metal oxides free of localized cubic spinel-like structural phases and methods of making same |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69907261D1 true DE69907261D1 (de) | 2003-05-28 |
DE69907261T2 DE69907261T2 (de) | 2004-04-08 |
DE69907261T3 DE69907261T3 (de) | 2016-07-21 |
Family
ID=22321762
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69907261.1T Expired - Lifetime DE69907261T3 (de) | 1998-11-13 | 1999-11-12 | Schichtgitterstruktur besitzende lithiumhaltige metalloxide, die frei von lokalen kubisch-spinell-artigen phasen sind, und herstellung derselben |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6620400B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1137598B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4106186B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100473413B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1185167C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE238241T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1720000A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2350710C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69907261T3 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1137598T3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW515778B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000029331A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (62)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1185167C (zh) * | 1998-11-13 | 2005-01-19 | Fmc公司 | 不含局部立方炎夏尖晶石结构相的层状含锂、过渡金属和氧的化合物及其制备方法 |
AU1951601A (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-18 | Fmc Corporation | Lithium cobalt oxides and methods of making same |
US20020192549A1 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2002-12-19 | Tdk Corporation | Electrode composition, and lithium secondary battery |
JP2002175808A (ja) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-21 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | リチウム二次電池正極活物質用リチウム遷移金属複合酸化物およびその製造方法 |
US6964828B2 (en) | 2001-04-27 | 2005-11-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries |
GB0117235D0 (en) * | 2001-07-14 | 2001-09-05 | Univ St Andrews | Improvements in or relating to electrochemical cells |
AU2002355544A1 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cathode compositions for lithium ion batteries |
JP3873717B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-09 | 2007-01-24 | ソニー株式会社 | 正極材料およびそれを用いた電池 |
US7393476B2 (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2008-07-01 | Gs Yuasa Corporation | Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary cell and lithium secondary cell |
AU2003227243A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-10-20 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Thermo-electric conversion material and method for preparation thereof |
KR100453555B1 (ko) * | 2002-06-03 | 2004-10-20 | 한국지질자원연구원 | 화염분무열분해를 이용한 리튬코발트 산화물 나노입자의제조방법 |
US20040121234A1 (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-06-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cathode composition for rechargeable lithium battery |
CN100429811C (zh) * | 2003-04-28 | 2008-10-29 | 深圳市振华新材料股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池正极材料的制备方法 |
US7211237B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2007-05-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Solid state synthesis of lithium ion battery cathode material |
US7238450B2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2007-07-03 | Tronox Llc | High voltage laminar cathode materials for lithium rechargeable batteries, and process for making the same |
CN1315206C (zh) * | 2004-06-15 | 2007-05-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | 锂离子二次电池正极材料的液相合成方法 |
JP2006092820A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池用正極活物質及び正極並びに非水電解液二次電池 |
WO2007108611A1 (en) | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Cathode materials for lithium battery having higher performance |
KR100875605B1 (ko) | 2006-03-20 | 2008-12-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 화학양론적 리튬 코발트 산화물 및 그 제조방법 |
CN101542787A (zh) | 2006-09-25 | 2009-09-23 | 德克萨斯州立大学董事会 | 用于锂离子电池的阳离子取代的尖晶石氧化物和氟氧化物阴极 |
KR20110076955A (ko) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-07-06 | 엔비아 시스템즈 인코포레이티드 | 비용량이 높은 불소 도핑된 리튬 풍부 금속 산화물 양극 배터리 재료 및 상당하는 배터리 |
US8389160B2 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2013-03-05 | Envia Systems, Inc. | Positive electrode materials for lithium ion batteries having a high specific discharge capacity and processes for the synthesis of these materials |
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JP5486516B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2014-05-07 | Agcセイミケミカル株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質用の表面修飾リチウム含有複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
TWI429132B (zh) * | 2009-08-27 | 2014-03-01 | Envia Systems Inc | 具有高比容量及優異循環之層層富含鋰的複合金屬氧化物 |
EP2471133A4 (de) * | 2009-08-27 | 2014-02-12 | Envia Systems Inc | Metalloxidbeschichtetes positivelektrodenmaterial für lithiumbatterien |
US9843041B2 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2017-12-12 | Zenlabs Energy, Inc. | Coated positive electrode materials for lithium ion batteries |
US8741484B2 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2014-06-03 | Envia Systems, Inc. | Doped positive electrode active materials and lithium ion secondary battery constructed therefrom |
US8928286B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2015-01-06 | Envia Systems, Inc. | Very long cycling of lithium ion batteries with lithium rich cathode materials |
US8663849B2 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2014-03-04 | Envia Systems, Inc. | Metal halide coatings on lithium ion battery positive electrode materials and corresponding batteries |
JP5958926B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-08 | 2016-08-02 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | リチウムマンガン系複合酸化物およびその製造方法 |
JP5920872B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-25 | 2016-05-18 | 株式会社田中化学研究所 | リチウム金属複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
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US9070489B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 | 2015-06-30 | Envia Systems, Inc. | Mixed phase lithium metal oxide compositions with desirable battery performance |
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CN113611821B (zh) | 2015-07-02 | 2024-02-27 | 尤米科尔公司 | 基于钴的锂金属氧化物阴极材料 |
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CN116565297A (zh) | 2016-07-05 | 2023-08-08 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 锂离子二次电池 |
KR102120271B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-01 | 2020-06-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 코어 및 리튬이 결핍인 쉘을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
KR102091214B1 (ko) | 2016-09-12 | 2020-03-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고전압용 리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
KR20230066123A (ko) | 2016-10-12 | 2023-05-12 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 양극 활물질 입자 및 양극 활물질 입자의 제작 방법 |
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1999
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- 1999-11-12 CA CA002350710A patent/CA2350710C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-12 DE DE69907261.1T patent/DE69907261T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-12 KR KR10-2001-7005998A patent/KR100473413B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 1999-11-12 WO PCT/US1999/026758 patent/WO2000029331A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-11-12 EP EP99960299.8A patent/EP1137598B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-12 DK DK99960299T patent/DK1137598T3/da active
- 1999-11-12 AU AU17200/00A patent/AU1720000A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-12 JP JP2000582330A patent/JP4106186B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2000029331A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
CN1185167C (zh) | 2005-01-19 |
CA2350710C (en) | 2005-09-13 |
US7074382B2 (en) | 2006-07-11 |
JP4106186B2 (ja) | 2008-06-25 |
EP1137598A1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
US6620400B2 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
KR20010081002A (ko) | 2001-08-25 |
EP1137598B1 (de) | 2003-04-23 |
US6589499B2 (en) | 2003-07-08 |
ATE238241T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
US20020015887A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
TW515778B (en) | 2003-01-01 |
CN1335823A (zh) | 2002-02-13 |
CA2350710A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
EP1137598B2 (de) | 2016-03-16 |
DK1137598T3 (da) | 2003-08-18 |
AU1720000A (en) | 2000-06-05 |
JP2002529361A (ja) | 2002-09-10 |
DE69907261T2 (de) | 2004-04-08 |
US20020018746A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
KR100473413B1 (ko) | 2005-03-08 |
US20020150530A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
DE69907261T3 (de) | 2016-07-21 |
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