CN112261931A - 透明清洁组合物 - Google Patents
透明清洁组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112261931A CN112261931A CN201980038100.4A CN201980038100A CN112261931A CN 112261931 A CN112261931 A CN 112261931A CN 201980038100 A CN201980038100 A CN 201980038100A CN 112261931 A CN112261931 A CN 112261931A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- cleaning composition
- particles
- fatty
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002193 fatty amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(dioctadecyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OGQYPPBGSLZBEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 22
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 17
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 15
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 12
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 9
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical class OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 9
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OYINQIKIQCNQOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-hydroxybutyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCC(O)C[N+](C)(C)C OYINQIKIQCNQOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 6
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulphate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 5
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229940070800 myristoyl glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IKGKWKGYFJBGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(dodecanoylamino)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCC([O-])=O IKGKWKGYFJBGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- MRAMPOPITCOOIN-VIFPVBQESA-N (2r)-n-(3-ethoxypropyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamide Chemical compound CCOCCCNC(=O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)CO MRAMPOPITCOOIN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 3
- OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-[(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O1 OMDQUFIYNPYJFM-XKDAHURESA-N 0.000 description 3
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000926 Galactomannan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003212 astringent agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O carboxymethyl-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl]-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940071124 cocoyl glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FUWVMBCPMRAWPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)OCC(O)CO FUWVMBCPMRAWPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- FKOKUHFZNIUSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxypropyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(C)O FKOKUHFZNIUSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GCSPRLPXTPMSTL-IBDNADADSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2s,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[C@@]1([C@]2(CO)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GCSPRLPXTPMSTL-IBDNADADSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种清洁组合物,其包含去污表面活性剂;含水载体;按清洁组合物的重量计约0.5%至约30%的离散颗粒,离散颗粒包含无水颗粒和水相,并且其中所述无水颗粒包含:一种或多种脂族两亲物,脂族两亲物选自脂肪醇、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、脂肪酰胺以及它们的混合物;一种或多种第二表面活性剂,第二表面活性剂选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或它们的混合物。其中清洁组合物的离散颗粒具有约500微米至约7000微米的尺寸,并且其中清洁组合物具有约75%或更高的透射率%。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供了一种透明清洁组合物,其包含递送有益效果的离散颗粒。
背景技术
一些消费者优选透明清洁组合物。传统上,透明清洁组合物诸如洗发剂非常有效地清洁,但通常缺乏足够的调理有益效果;因为调理活性物质传统上向清洁产品呈现不透明的外观。因此,可能有利的是在市场中引入透明清洁组合物诸如洗发剂,其提供目前仅由常规的不透明清洁产品提供的调理毛发有益效果。
由于其中分散的凝胶网络相或硅氧烷颗粒的尺度(其尺寸可大至150微米),当前清洁组合物诸如使用大颗粒硅氧烷的洗发剂,或包含作为常规分散相凝胶网络添加的不溶性含量的脂族两亲物(高于约0.5%)的那些必然是不透明的。
因此,需要提供透明清洁组合物,其提供目前仅由常规不透明洗发剂提供的调理有益效果。还需要包含有益剂的透明清洁组合物,该有益剂是不透明的,或通常与清洁组合物中包含的其它材料不相容。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种清洁组合物,其包含去污表面活性剂;含水载体;按清洁组合物的重量计约0.5%至约30%的离散颗粒,离散颗粒包含无水颗粒和水相,并且其中所述无水颗粒包含:一种或多种脂族两亲物,脂族两亲物选自脂肪醇、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、脂肪酰胺以及它们的混合物;一种或多种第二表面活性剂,第二表面活性剂选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或它们的混合物;其中离散颗粒具有约200微米至约15000微米的尺寸,其中清洁组合物具有约75%或更高的透射率%。
附图说明
图1为示出颗粒水合的图表。
图2为压缩测试结果的曲线图。
图3为随时间推移的颗粒压缩和尺寸的曲线图。
具体实施方式
虽然本说明书以特别指出并清楚地要求保护本发明的权利要求书作为结尾,但据信通过下列说明可更好地理解本发明。
本文中“包括/包含”是指可添加不影响最终结果的其它步骤和其它成分。该术语涵盖术语“由……组成”和“基本上由……组成”。
除非另外说明,否则所有百分比、份数和比率均基于本发明组合物的总重量。除非另外指明,所有此类涉及所列成分的重量均基于活性物质含量计,并因此不包括可包含于可商购获得的材料中的溶剂或副产物。本文中,术语“重量百分比”可表示为“重量%”。
如本文所用,除非另外指明,否则“分子量”是指重均分子量,表示为克/摩尔。分子量使用工业标准方法、凝胶渗透色谱法(“GPC”)测量。
如本文所用,术语“聚合物”应包括提供调理的材料组合物,无论其是通过一种类型的单体的聚合形成还是通过有益效果形成。如本文所用,术语“凝胶网络”是指层状或囊状固体结晶相,其包含至少一种脂族两亲物和至少一种第二表面活性剂以及水或其它适宜的溶剂,其中该相内的脂肪醇和表面活性剂布置在多层囊泡和/或层状片材中。如本文所用,术语“固体结晶”是指层状或囊状相的结构,其在低于凝胶网络中的层的熔融转变温度(即链熔融温度)的温度下形成,熔融转变温度为至少约27℃。熔融转变温度可通过差示扫描量热法测量。
如本文所用,术语“电荷密度”是指在聚合物上的正电荷的数目与所述聚合物的分子量的比率。
本发明的组合物和方法/工艺可包括本文所述的本发明的基本成分和限制条件以及本文所述的任何附加或任选的成分、组分、步骤或限制条件,由其组成和基本上由其组成。
如本文所用,术语清洁组合物或洗发剂意指用于清洁毛发或皮肤(包括头皮、面部和身体)的组合物。
如本文所用,术语“适用于施用到人毛发上”意指组合物或如此描述的它们的组分适用于在与人毛发和头皮以及皮肤接触时使用,而没有不适当的毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、变应性应答等。
如本文所用,术语“水溶性”意指组合物内的物质可溶于水中。一般来讲,按水溶剂的重量计,材料在25℃下应以0.1%的浓度,另选地以1%,另选地以5%,并且另选地以15%的浓度溶解。
术语“离散颗粒”意指在水相的存在下溶胀的无水颗粒(例如,当将无水颗粒加入去污表面活性剂和水相中以形成洗发剂产品时)。
如本文所用,术语“无水颗粒”意指通过将一种或多种表面活性剂与一种或多种脂族两亲物共熔融并且混合,然后冷却固化而制得的颗粒。无水颗粒中的水的浓度一般在按无水颗粒的重量计,约0%至约30%,另选地约0%至约20%,另选地约0%至约15%的范围内。清洁组合物中的无水颗粒的尺寸在约200μm至约10,000μm的范围内。清洁组合物中离散颗粒的尺度在约200微米至约15,000微米,另选地约500μm至约7000μm的范围内。清洁组合物中离散颗粒的尺度也可在约1000μm至约5000μm的范围内。如通过常规技术,通过直尺、光学显微镜法等在视觉上进行测量的。
如本文所用,术语“固体”意指无水颗粒在环境温度下不适形于其中容纳颗粒的容器的形状。
如本文所用,术语“溶胀的”是指清洁组合物中离散颗粒的状态,该颗粒已吸收足量的含水溶剂,使得所述颗粒:1)具有如使用Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪所测定的约0.5克-力单位至约50克-力单位的压缩,其中所述颗粒具有“半水合凝胶相”,或2)已达到作为“水合凝胶相”的最大平衡,压缩力<0.5克-力单位的该相太软而不能使用KawabataKES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪测量其压缩。
如本文所用,术语“未水合固相”是指清洁组合物中离散颗粒的部分,该部分已吸收最少量的水,并且该相具有如使用Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪所测定的大于约50克-力单位的压缩力。
如本文所用,“透明”组合物意指允许大量可见光透过物体,例如清洁组合物。合适的透光率可使用UV/Vis光谱仪测定。如本文所用,合适的透光率可意指约60%或更多的具有400nm波长的光可透过标准样品,另选地约70%或更多的具有400nm波长的光可透过标准样品,另选地约75%或更多的具有400nm波长的光可透过标准样品,另选地80%或更多的具有400nm波长的光可透过标准样品;另选地约75%至约99%的具有400nm波长的光可透过标准样品。在400nm波长下,合适的透光率可为约60%、约70%、约75%、约80%至约99%、约95%、约90%可透过标准样品。
清洁组合物
清洁组合物包含去污表面活性剂、含水载体和离散颗粒。离散颗粒为在水相的存在下溶胀的无水颗粒(例如当将无水颗粒加入去污表面活性剂和水相中以形成洗发剂产品时)。无水颗粒包含脂族两亲物、至少一种第二表面活性剂和低含量的水相。在形成无水颗粒期间使用的水相的低含量为按无水颗粒的重量计约0%至按无水颗粒的重量计约30%。洗发剂组合物可以为基本上透明的,具有75%或更大,另选地约75%至约99%的透射率%。
离散颗粒
清洁组合物包含离散颗粒,离散颗粒包含无水颗粒和水相。通过将一种或多种脂族两亲物和一种或多种第二表面活性剂共熔融,然后冷却以固化,来制备无水颗粒。可使用各种方法来控制此类无水颗粒的粒度。然后将无水颗粒加入包含去污表面活性剂的水相中。这导致此类颗粒的溶胀,从而将它们转化成离散颗粒。离散颗粒可为凝胶网络。
清洁组合物中离散颗粒的尺寸在约200μm至约15,000μm的范围内。另选地,清洁组合物中离散颗粒的尺度在约500μm至约7000μm的范围内。另选地,清洁组合物中离散颗粒的尺度在约1000μm至约5000μm的范围内。如通过常规技术,通过直尺、光学显微镜法等在视觉上进行测量的。
1.脂族两亲物
无水颗粒包含至少一种脂族两亲物。如本文所用,“脂族两亲物”是指具有不使化合物成水溶性的疏水性尾基和亲水性头基的化合物,其中化合物在清洁组合物的pH下也具有净电中性。
脂族两亲物可表征为具有6或更小的亲水-亲脂平衡(“HLB”)的化合物。如本文所用,HLB是根据Griffin,J.Soc.Cosm.Chem.,第5卷,249(1954)的标准HLB。
适宜的脂族两亲物或两种或更多种脂族两亲物的适宜混合物具有至少约27℃的熔点。如本文所用,熔点可通过如U.S.Pharmacopeia,USP-NF General Chapter<741>“Melting range or temperature”中所述的标准熔点方法进行测量。通过将两种或更多种材料在高于各自熔点的温度下混合,然后使该混合物冷却,来确定两种或更多种材料的混合物的熔点。如果所得复合材料在低于约27℃下为均匀的固体,则混合物具有适宜的熔点。两种或更多种脂族两亲物的混合物也适用,前提条件是混合物的复合熔点为至少约27℃,其中混合物包含至少一种独立熔点小于约27℃的脂族两亲物。
适宜的脂族两亲物具有疏水性尾基。该疏水性尾基可为具有约12至约70个碳原子,和约16至约60个碳原子,和约16至约50个碳原子,和约16至约40个碳原子,和约16至约22个碳原子,和约18至22个碳原子的长度的烷基、烯基(包含至多3个双键)、烷基芳族、或支链烷基基团。适用于脂族两亲物的烷基、烯基或支链烷基基团的非限制性示例包括月桂基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、鲸蜡基、十七烷基、硬脂基、花生基、二十二烷基、十一碳烯基、十六碳烯基、油烯基、棕榈油基(palmoleyl)、亚油基、亚麻基、花生四烯基(arahchidonyl)、反油基、十八碳三烯基(elaeostearyl)、二十二碳烯基、异月桂基、异十三烷基、异十四烷基、异十五烷基、岩芹基(petroselinyl)、异十六烷基、异十七烷基、异硬脂基、异二十烷基、异二十二烷基(isobehnyl)、二十碳二烯基、二十二碳二烯基、以及它们的技术级混合物。
适宜的脂族两亲物还具有亲水性头基,该亲水性头基不使化合物成水溶性的,诸如在HLB为6或更低的化合物中。具有此类亲水性头基的化合物类型的非限制性示例包括脂肪醇、烷氧基化脂肪醇、脂肪酚、烷氧基化脂肪酚、脂肪酰胺、烷氧基化脂肪酰胺、脂肪胺、脂肪烷基酰胺基烷基胺、脂肪烷氧基化胺、脂肪氨基甲酸酯、脂肪胺氧化物、脂肪酸、烷氧基化脂肪酸、脂肪二酯、脂肪脱水山梨糖醇酯、脂肪糖酯、甲基葡糖苷酯、脂肪乙二醇酯、甘油一酯、甘油二酯和甘油三酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、烷基甘油基醚、丙二醇脂肪酸酯、胆固醇、神经酰胺、脂肪有机硅蜡、脂肪葡萄糖酰胺、脂肪磷酸酯、以及磷脂。对于适用的脂族两亲物的另外的讨论参见U.S.2006/0024256A1。
为了形成无水颗粒,可选择单独的脂族两亲物化合物或两种或更多种不同的脂族两亲物化合物的组合。
将离散颗粒加入洗发剂基料中以获得洗发剂组合物。因为,洗发剂组合物可以按洗发剂组合物的重量计约0.05%至约20%、另选地约0.5%至约10%、并且另选地约1%至约8%的量包含脂族两亲物。
当水合时,离散颗粒可在洗发剂组合物中形成凝胶网络。凝胶网络组分中的脂族两亲物与第二表面活性剂的重量比大于约1:9,另选地大于约1:5至约100:1,另选地大于约1:2至约50:1,并且另选地大于约1:1至约10:1。
2.用于制备无水颗粒的第二表面活性剂
无水颗粒还可包含一种或多种第二表面活性剂。将与脂族两亲物混合以形成无水颗粒的该第二表面活性剂共熔融并且混合,然后冷却以产生无水颗粒。用于制备无水颗粒的第二表面活性剂从清洁组合物中分离出来,并且除了清洁组合物的去污表面活性剂组分之外。然而,该第二表面活性剂可以是相同或不同类型的表面活性剂,或者是如上所述的去污表面活性剂组分,或者选自如上所述的去污表面活性剂组分的那些。
该清洁组合物包含第二表面活性剂作为无水颗粒的一部分,其量按清洁组合物的重量计,为约0.01%至约50%,另选地约0.1%至约10%,并且另选地约0.3%至约5%。
合适的第二表面活性剂包括阴离子、两性离子、两性、阳离子和非离子表面活性剂。另选地,第二表面活性剂可选自阴离子、阳离子和非离子表面活性剂、以及它们的混合物。对于适用的表面活性剂的另外的讨论参见U.S.2006/0024256A1。
此外,对于所得的无水颗粒,可选择具有链长为约16至约22个碳原子的疏水性尾基的某些第二表面活性剂以有助于获得至少约38℃的熔融转变温度。对于此类第二表面活性剂,疏水性尾基可以为烷基、烯基(含有至多3个双键)、烷基芳族或支链烷基。
多于一种上文指定类型的表面活性剂的混合物可用于第二表面活性剂。
离散颗粒也可包含第二表面活性剂。如本文所用,“第二表面活性剂”是指与脂族两亲物和水混合的一种或多种表面活性剂。第二表面活性剂从清洁组合物中分离出来,并且除了清洁组合物中的去污表面活性剂组分之外。然而,第二表面活性剂可以是相同或不同类型的表面活性剂,或者是如上所述的去污表面活性剂,或者选自以上所述的去污表面活性剂的那些。
3.水或适宜的溶剂
无水颗粒还可包含按无水颗粒的重量计,约0重量%至约30重量%,另选地约1重量%至约20重量%,另选地约0重量%至约5重量%,另选地约1重量%至约10重量%的水或适宜的溶剂。如本文所用,术语“合适的溶剂”是指可用于代替水或与水组合的任何溶剂。
清洁组合物基料
然后将离散颗粒加入清洁组合物基料(诸如洗发剂基料)中。洗发剂基料可包含阳离子沉积聚合物、表面活性剂、辅助表面活性剂、含水载体和附加组分诸如硅氧烷。
当加入到清洁组合物基料(其包含水相)中时,无水颗粒变成离散颗粒。然后离散颗粒在水相中溶胀。水相包含水和/或适宜的溶剂。如本文所用,术语“合适的溶剂”是指可用于代替水或与水组合的任何溶剂。
阳离子沉积聚合物
清洁组合物可包含阳离子沉积聚合物。清洁组合物中的阳离子沉积聚合物的浓度可以为按清洁组合物的重量计,约0.05%至约5%,另选地约0.075%至约2.5%,另选地约0.1%至约1.0%,并且另选地约0.5%至约1.0%。
在预期使用组合物的pH下,合适的阳离子沉积聚合物可具有至少约0.4meq/g,另选地至少约0.7meq/g,另选地至少约1.2meq/g,另选地至少约1.5meq/g,另选地小于约7meq/g,并且另选地小于约5meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。pH一般来讲将在约pH 3至约pH 9的范围内,另选地介于约pH4和约pH8之间。本文所用术语聚合物的“阳离子电荷密度”是指聚合物上的正电荷数与聚合物分子量的比率。此类适宜的阳离子聚合物的重均分子量一般来讲将为介于约10,000和1千万之间,另选地介于约50,000和约5百万之间,并且另选地介于约100,000和约3百万之间。
适用于组合物的阳离子聚合物包括多糖聚合物,如阳离子纤维素衍生物和阳离子淀粉衍生物,如羟乙基纤维素与三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应生成的盐。其它合适的阳离子聚合物包括阳离子瓜尔胶衍生物,如瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。其它合适的阳离子聚合物包括具有基于单体对单体的大于2:1的甘露糖与半乳糖比率的半乳甘露聚糖聚合物衍生物,如桂皮胶羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。尤其适宜的阳离子沉积聚合物包括瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可由季铵化合物形成。用于形成阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物的季铵化合物符合通式1:
其中当R3、R4和R5为甲基或乙基基团时;R6为具有通式2的环氧烷基基团:
或者R6为具有通式3的卤代醇基团:
其中R7为C1至C3亚烷基;X为氯或溴,并且Z为阴离子,如Cl-、Br-、I-或HSO4-。
阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可符合通式4:
其中R8为瓜尔胶;并且其中R4、R5、R6和R7如上所述;并且其中Z为卤素。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物可符合式5:
合适的阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物包括阳离子瓜尔胶衍生物,诸如瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物为瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵。瓜尔羟丙基三甲基氯化铵的具体示例包括购自Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated的系列,例如C-17,其具有约0.6meq/g的阳离子电荷密度和约2.2百万g/mol的M.Wt.,并且购自Rhodia Company。C 13S具有2.2百万g/mol的M.Wt.,和约0.8meq/g的阳离子电荷密度(得自RhodiaCompany)。N-Hance 3196,其具有约0.7的电荷密度和约1,100,000g/mol的M.Wt.,并且购自ASI。BF-13,其为具有约1.1meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的M.W.t的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,以及BF-17,其为具有约1.7meq/g的电荷密度和约800,000的M.W.t的无硼酸盐(硼)的瓜尔胶,二者均得自ASI。
阳离子聚合物的组合可改善清洁组合物的调理和起泡。使用具有约0.4meq/g至约0.8meq/g,另选地约0.7meq/g的电荷密度的阳离子聚合物与具有大于约1,000,000的分子量的阳离子聚合物的组合,可产生具有泡沫稳定性和乳脂性两者的清洁组合物。
清洁组合物可包含阳离子瓜尔胶和阳离子多糖沉积聚合物的组合,其中瓜尔胶对多糖沉积聚合物相应的重量比大于2:1,另选地其中瓜尔胶对多糖沉积聚合物的重量比大于3:1,并且另选地其中瓜尔胶对多糖沉积聚合物相应的重量比大于4:1。
清洁组合物可仅包含阳离子瓜尔胶聚合物的组合,其中一种阳离子瓜尔胶具有约1.7meq/g的电荷密度,并且另一种阳离子瓜尔胶具有约1,100,000g/mol的分子量。
清洁组合物可包含3196瓜尔胶和BF-17阳离子瓜尔胶的混合物,其中这两种阳离子沉积聚合物的重量比分别为约5:1,另选地约2:1,另选地约1:1,另选地约1:2,并且另选地约2:5(3196对BF-17的重量比)。
清洁组合物可包含聚季铵盐-6,即,二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵的均聚物。
聚季铵盐-6可以按清洁组合物的重量计,约0.01%至约5%,另选地约0.03%至约1%,另选地约0.05%至约0.5%,并且另选地约0.05%至约0.3%的含量包含在组合物中。
可用于本文的聚季铵盐-6具有约3.5meq/g,另选地约4.5meq/g,另选地约5.5meq/g,另选地至约13meq/g,另选地至约10meq/g,另选地至约7.0meq/g的阳离子电荷密度。
考虑到提供金属巯氧吡啶的改善的沉积,可用于本文的聚季铵盐-6具有约800g/mol或更多,另选地约1,000g/mol或更多,另选地约1,200g/mol或更多的分子量。分子量也为约1,000,000g/mol,另选地约500,000g/mol,另选地约100,000g/mol至约50,000g/mol。
聚季铵盐-6聚合物的可商购获得的示例包括例如具有购自Lubrizol的商品名为Merquat 100的聚季铵盐-6,其具有约6.19meq/g的阳离子电荷密度、约150,000g/mol的分子量,以及具有购自Lubrizo的商品名为Merquat106的聚季铵盐-6,其具有约6.19meq/g的阳离子电荷密度、约15,000g/mol的分子量。
去污表面活性剂
清洁组合物在清洁基料中包含一种或多种去污表面活性剂。去污表面活性剂组分包含于清洁组合物中以提供清洁性能。去污表面活性剂可选自阴离子去污表面活性剂、两性离子去污表面活性剂或两性去污表面活性剂或它们的组合。此类表面活性剂应与本文所述的组分物理和化学地相容,或不应另外不适当地损害产品稳定性、美观或性能。本文尤其适宜的是月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-n-硫酸钠,其中n=1(“SLE1S”)。当与更高摩尔数的乙氧基化等同物相比时,SLE1S能够实现更有效的起泡和清洁,尤其是在包含高含量调理活性物质的清洁组合物中。
适宜阴离子去污表面活性剂包括已知用于毛发护理或其它个人护理清洁组合物中的那些。阴离子去污表面活性剂可为月桂基硫酸钠和月桂基聚氧乙烯醚n-硫酸钠的组合。在组合物中阴离子表面活性剂的浓度应足以提供期望的清洁和发泡性能,并且一般来讲在按组合物的重量计,约5%至约50%,另选地约8%至约30%,另选地约9%至约25%,并且另选地约10%至约17%的范围内。
适宜的两性离子或两性去污表面活性剂包括已知在毛发护理或其它个人清洁组合物中使用的那些。此类两性去污表面活性剂的浓度在约0.5%至约20%,另选地约1%至约10%的范围内。适宜的两性离子或两性表面活性剂的非限制性示例描述于美国专利5104646和5106609中。
适用于本文的另外的阴离子表面活性剂包括具有式ROSO3M和RO(C2H4O)xSO3M的烷基硫酸盐和烷基醚硫酸盐,其中R为具有约8至约18个碳原子的烷基或烯基,x为1至10,并且M为水溶性阳离子如铵、钠、钾和三乙醇胺阳离子,或具有两个阴离子表面活性剂阴离子的二价镁离子的盐。烷基醚硫酸盐可作为环氧乙烷和具有约8至约24个碳原子的一元醇的缩合产物制得。醇可衍生自脂肪,诸如椰子油、棕榈油、棕榈仁油或牛脂,或可为合成的。
其它适宜的阴离子表面活性剂包括通式[R1-SO3M]的有机磺酸的水溶性盐。R1为具有13至17个碳原子,另选地13至15个碳原子的直链脂族烃基。M为水溶性阳离子,例如铵、钠、钾和三乙醇胺阳离子或带有两个阴离子表面活性剂阴离子的二价镁离子的盐。这些材料通过SO2和O2与合适链长的正构烷烃(C14-C17)的反应来制备,并且在商业上售卖为链烷磺酸钠。
适用的附加阴离子表面活性剂的示例包括但不限于月桂基硫酸铵、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵、月桂基硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙基胺、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸单乙醇胺、月桂基硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸二乙醇胺、月桂酸甘油单酯硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钾、月桂基肌氨酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、月桂基肌氨酸、椰油酰肌氨酸、椰油基硫酸铵、月桂酰硫酸铵、椰油基硫酸钠、月桂酰硫酸钠、椰油基硫酸钾、月桂基硫酸钾、椰油基硫酸单乙醇胺、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、十三烷基硫酸钠、甲基月桂酰牛磺酸钠、甲基椰油酰牛磺酸钠、月桂酰羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙基磺酸钠、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸钠、十三烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、以及它们的混合物。
清洁组合物还可包含附加的表面活性剂以用于与本文所述的阴离子去污表面活性剂组分组合。合适的附加表面活性剂包括阳离子和非离子表面活性剂。
适用于组合物中的其它阴离子、两性离子、两性、阳离子、非离子或任选的附加表面活性剂的非限制性示例描述于McCutcheon,Emulsifiers and Detergents,1989年刊,M.C.Publishing Co.,以及美国专利3929678;2658072;2438091;和2528378中。
一种或多种附加阴离子表面活性剂可选自羟乙基磺酸盐、肌氨酸盐、磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐、磺基乙酸盐、酰基甘氨酸盐、酰基丙氨酸盐、酰基谷氨酸盐、乳酸盐、烯基乳酸盐、葡萄糖羧酸盐、两性基乙酸盐、牛磺酸盐、磷酸酯、以及它们的混合物。在这种情况下,烷基被定义为具有7至17个碳原子、另选地具有9至13个碳原子的饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的烷基链。在这种情况下,酰基被定义为具有式R-C(O)-,其中R为具有7至17个碳原子、另选地具有9至13个碳原子的饱和或不饱和的、直链或支链的烷基链。
合适的羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂可包括用羟乙磺酸酯化并用氢氧化钠中和的脂肪酸的反应产物。用于羟乙基磺酸盐表面活性剂的合适的脂肪酸可衍生自包括甲基牛磺酸的酰胺的椰子油或棕榈仁油。羟乙基磺酸盐的非限制性示例可选自月桂酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰羟乙基磺酸铵、氢化椰油酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、月桂酰羟乙基磺酸钠、椰油酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、肉豆蔻酰羟乙基磺酸钠、油酰羟乙基磺酸钠、油基甲基羟乙基磺酸钠、棕榈仁酰羟乙基磺酸钠、硬脂酰甲基羟乙基磺酸钠,以及它们的混合物。
肌氨酸盐的非限制性示例可选自月桂酰肌氨酸钠、椰油酰肌氨酸钠、肉豆蔻酰肌氨酸钠、TEA-椰油酰肌氨酸盐、椰油酰肌氨酸铵、月桂酰肌氨酸铵、二聚二亚油基双月桂酰谷氨酸盐/月桂酰肌氨酸盐、月桂酰两性基二乙酸二钠、月桂酰肌氨酸盐、月桂酰肌氨酸异丙酯、椰油酰肌氨酸钾、月桂酰肌氨酸钾、椰油酰肌氨酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、肉豆蔻酰肌氨酸钠、油酰肌氨酸钠、棕榈酰肌氨酸钠、TEA-椰油酰肌氨酸盐、TEA-月桂酰肌氨酸盐、TEA-油酰肌氨酸盐、TEA-棕榈仁肌氨酸盐,以及它们的组合。
磺基琥珀酸盐表面活性剂的非限制示例可包括N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二钠、月桂基磺基琥珀酸二铵、月桂基磺基琥珀酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸酯二钠、N-(1,2-二羧基乙基)-N-十八烷基磺基琥珀酸四钠、磺基琥珀酸钠的二戊基酯、磺基琥珀酸钠的二己基酯、磺基琥珀酸钠的二辛基酯,以及它们的组合。
磺基乙酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂基磺基乙酸钠、月桂基磺基乙酸铵,以及它们的组合。
酰基甘氨酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰甘氨酸钠、月桂酰甘氨酸钠,以及它们的组合。
酰基丙氨酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰丙氨酸钠、月桂酰丙氨酸钠、N-十二烷酰基-l-丙氨酸钠,以及它们的组合。
酰基谷氨酸盐的非限制性示例可选自椰油酰谷氨酸钠、椰油酰谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰谷氨酸铵、椰油酰谷氨酸二铵、月桂酰谷氨酸钠、月桂酰谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸钠、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸二钠、椰油酰谷氨酸钾、椰油酰谷氨酸二钾、月桂酰谷氨酸钾、月桂酰谷氨酸二钾、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸钾、椰油酰水解小麦蛋白谷氨酸二钾、辛酰谷氨酸钠、辛酰谷氨酸二钠、辛酰谷氨酸钾、辛酰谷氨酸二钾、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸钠、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸二钠、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸钾、十一碳烯酰谷氨酸二钾、氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸二钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸钾、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钾、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸钠、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸二钠、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸钾、肉豆蔻酰谷氨酸二钾、椰油酰/氢化牛脂谷氨酸钠、椰油酰/棕榈油酰/葵花油酰谷氨酸钠、氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸钠、橄榄油酰谷氨酸钠、橄榄油酰谷氨酸二钠、棕榈油酰谷氨酸钠、棕榈油酰谷氨酸二钠、TEA-椰油酰谷氨酸盐、TEA-氢化牛脂酰谷氨酸盐、TEA-月桂酰谷氨酸盐、以及它们的混合物。
酰基甘氨酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰甘氨酸钠、月桂酰甘氨酸钠,以及它们的组合。
乳酸盐的非限制性示例可包括乳酸钠。
烯基乳酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂酰烯基乳酸钠、椰油酰烯基乳酸钠,以及它们的组合。
葡萄糖羧酸盐的非限制性示例可包括月桂基葡糖苷羧酸钠、椰油基葡糖苷羧酸钠、以及它们的组合。
烷基两性基乙酸盐的非限制性示例可包括椰油酰两性基乙酸钠、月桂酰两性基乙酸钠,以及它们的组合。
酰基牛磺酸盐的非限制性示例可包括甲基椰油酰基牛磺酸钠、甲基月桂酰基牛磺酸钠、甲基油酰基牛磺酸钠以及它们的组合。
辅助表面活性剂
辅助表面活性剂为与十一烷基硫酸盐表面活性剂和任选阴离子表面活性剂混合的材料以增强泡沫体积和/或改进泡沫质感。通常这些材料可选自多类结构,包括但不限于两性的、两性离子的、阳离子的和非离子的。它们通常以1:20至1:4的重量比,并且另选地以1:12至1:7的重量比与阴离子表面活性剂一起使用。
清洁组合物可包含按组合物的重量计,约0.5重量%至约10重量%,另选地约0.5重量%至约5重量%,另选地约0.5重量%至约3重量%,另选地约0.5重量%至约2重量%,并且另选地约0.5重量%至约1.75重量%的至少一种适宜的辅助表面活性剂。辅助表面活性剂可用于更快产生泡沫,有利于更方便地冲洗、和/或降低对角质组织的刺激。辅助表面活性剂还有助于产生具有更适宜质感、体积和/或其它特性的泡沫。
适用于本发明的两性表面活性剂包括但不限于脂族仲胺和叔胺的衍生物,其中脂族基团可以为直链或支链,并且其中脂族取代基中的一个取代基包含约8至约18个碳原子,而一个脂族取代基包含阴离子水增溶性基团,例如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。示例包括3-十二烷基氨基丙酸钠、3-十二烷基氨基丙磺酸钠、月桂基肌氨酸钠、N-烷基牛磺酸盐如根据U.S.2658072中的指导由十二烷基胺与羟乙基磺酸钠的反应制得的那种、N-高级烷基天冬氨酸如根据U.S.2438091中的指导制得的那些和U.S.2528378中描述的产物、以及它们的混合物。两性表面活性剂可选自甜菜碱家族,诸如月桂酰两性乙酸盐。
适用于本文的两性离子表面活性剂包括但不限于脂族季铵、鏻和锍化合物的衍生物,其中脂族基团可以为直链或支链,并且其中一个脂族取代基包含约8个至约18个碳原子,并且一个脂族取代基包含阴离子基团,如羧基、磺酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根或膦酸根。适用于本文的其它两性离子表面活性剂包括甜菜碱,包括高级烷基甜菜碱如椰油基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、椰油基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺丙基甜菜碱、油基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基α-羧乙基甜菜碱、鲸蜡基二甲基羧甲基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、硬脂基二-(2-羟丙基)羧甲基甜菜碱、油基二甲基γ-羧丙基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟丙基)α-羧乙基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。磺基甜菜碱可包括椰油基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱、硬脂基二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱、月桂基二甲基磺乙基甜菜碱、月桂基二-(2-羟乙基)磺基丙基甜菜碱、以及它们的混合物。其它适宜的两性表面活性剂包括酰胺基甜菜碱和酰胺基磺基甜菜碱,其中RCONH(CH2)3基团,其中R为C11-C17烷基,连接到甜菜碱的氮原子。
适用于组合物中以增加泡沫体积或质感的非离子辅助表面活性剂包括水溶性物质,如月桂基二甲基氧化胺、椰油基二甲基氧化胺、椰油酰胺丙基氧化胺、月桂酰胺丙基氧化胺等,或烷基多乙氧基化物如月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-4至月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-7,以及水不溶性组分如椰油基单乙醇酰胺、椰油基二乙醇酰胺、月桂酰单乙醇酰胺、烷酰基异丙醇酰胺,和脂肪醇如鲸蜡醇和油醇,以及2-羟烷基甲基醚等等。
还适用作本文辅助表面活性剂的物质包括1,2-烷基环氧化物、1,2-链烷二醇、支链或直链烷基甘油基醚(例如EP 1696023A1中公开的那些)、1,2-烷基环状碳酸酯和1,2-烷基环亚硫酸酯,尤其是其中烷基基团包含6至14个直链或支链构型的碳原子的那些。其它示例包括衍生自C10或C12α烯烃与乙二醇(如羟乙基-2-癸基醚、羟乙基-2-十二烷基醚)反应的烷基醚醇,其根据U.S.5741948、U.S.5994595;U.S.6346509;和U.S.6417408制备。
其它非离子的表面活性剂可选自葡萄糖酰胺、烷基多葡糖苷、蔗糖椰油酸酯、蔗糖月桂酸酯、链烷醇酰胺、乙氧基化的醇以及它们的混合物。非离子表面活性剂选自:单羟基硬脂酸甘油酯、异硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-2、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3、羟基硬脂酸、硬脂酸丙二醇酯、PEG-2硬脂酸酯、单硬脂酸脱水山梨糖醇酯、月桂酸甘油酯、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-2、椰油酰胺单乙醇胺、月桂酰胺单乙醇胺、以及它们的混合物。
辅助表面活性剂可选自椰油基单乙醇酰胺、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺丙基甜菜碱、椰油基甜菜碱、月桂基甜菜碱、月桂基氧化胺、月桂基两性乙酸钠;烷基甘油基醚、烷基二甘油基醚、1,2-烷基环亚硫酸酯、1,2-烷基环状碳酸酯、1,2-烷基环氧化物、烷基缩水甘油基醚和烷基-1,3-二氧戊环,其中烷基基团包含6至14个直链或支链构型的碳原子;1,2-链烷二醇(其中总碳量为6至14个直链或支链的碳原子)、甲基-2-羟基癸基醚、羟乙基-2-十二烷基醚、羟乙基-2-癸基醚、以及它们的混合物。
阳离子表面活性剂可衍生自在制剂的pH下质子化的胺,例如二羟乙基月桂胺、月桂基二甲胺、月桂酰二甲基酰胺基丙胺、椰油基酰胺基丙胺等等。阳离子表面活性剂还可衍生自脂族季铵盐,如月桂基三甲基氯化铵和月桂酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵。
烷基两性基乙酸盐为用于本文组合物中的适宜表面活性剂,以用于改善的产品温和性和泡沫。最常用的烷基两性基乙酸盐为月桂酰两性基乙酸盐和椰油酰两性基乙酸盐。烷基两性基乙酸盐可由单乙酸盐和二乙酸盐构成。在一些类型的烷基两性基乙酸盐中,二乙酸盐是杂质或非预期的反应产物。然而,当以超过烷基两性基乙酸盐的15%的量存在时,二乙酸盐的存在可导致多种令人不快的组合物特性。
用于本文的适宜的非离子表面活性剂为选自以下项的那些:葡萄糖酰胺、烷基多葡糖苷、蔗糖椰油酸酯、蔗糖月桂酸酯、链烷醇酰胺、乙氧基化的醇以及它们的混合物。在一个实施方案中,非离子表面活性剂选自以下项:单羟基硬脂酸甘油酯、异硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚-2、十三烷基聚氧乙烯醚-3、羟基硬脂酸、硬脂酸丙二醇酯、PEG-2硬脂酸酯、单硬脂酸脱水山梨糖醇酯、月桂酸甘油酯、月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-2、椰油酰胺单乙醇胺、月桂酰胺单乙醇胺、以及它们的混合物。
适宜的结构剂的非限制性示例描述于U.S.5952286中,并且包括不饱和的和/或支化的长链(C8-C24)液体脂肪酸或它们的酯衍生物;不饱和的和/或支化的长链液体醇或它们的醚衍生物、以及它们的混合物。表面活性剂还可包含短链饱和脂肪酸,诸如癸酸和辛酸。不愿被理论所束缚,据信脂肪酸或醇的不饱和部分,或者脂肪酸或醇的支化部分用来“扰乱”表面活性剂疏水性链并且诱导层状相的形成。适宜的液体脂肪酸的示例包括油酸、异硬脂酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、蓖麻酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、肉豆蔻脑酸、棕榈油酸、以及它们的混合物。适宜的酯衍生物的示例包括丙二醇异硬脂酸酯、丙二醇油酸酯、甘油基异硬脂酸酯、甘油基油酸酯、聚甘油基二异硬脂酸酯以及它们的混合物。醇的示例包括油醇和异硬脂醇。醚衍生物的示例包括异硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚或油基聚氧乙烯醚羧酸;或异硬脂基聚氧乙烯醚或油基聚氧乙烯醚醇。结构化试剂可定义为具有低于约25℃的熔点。
如果存在,组合物可包含流变改性剂,其中所述流变改性剂包括纤维素的流变改性剂、交联丙烯酸酯、交联马来酸酐共聚甲基乙烯基醚、疏水改性的缔合型聚合物或它们的混合物。
如果使用,电解质自身可添加到组合物中或它可以经由包含于原料之一中的抗衡离子原位形成。电解质可包含阴离子,包括磷酸盐、氯化物、硫酸盐或柠檬酸盐,和阳离子,包括钠、铵、钾、镁或它们的混合物。电解质可为氯化钠、氯化铵、硫酸钠或硫酸铵。电解质可以按组合物的重量计,约0.1重量%至约15重量%,另选地约1重量%至约6重量%,并且另选地约3重量%至约6重量%的量添加到组合物中。
含水载体
清洁组合物可包含含水载体。组合物通常为可倾倒液体的形式(在环境条件下)。因此,组合物按组合物的重量计,以至少约,另选地约20%至约95%,并且另选地约60%至约85%的含量包含含水载体。含水载体可包括水或水和有机溶剂的可混溶的混合物。除了另外作为其它组分的微量成分附带地掺入到组合物中的,含水的载体还可包含具有最少或没有显著有机溶剂浓度的水。
附加组分
清洁组合物还可包含已知用于毛发护理或个人护理产品中的一种或多种任选组分,前提条件是任选组分与本文所述的组分物理和化学地相容,或没有另外不适当地损害产品稳定性、美观或性能。此类任选组分的各自的浓度按组合物的重量计可为约0.001%至约10%。
用于该组合物的任选组分的非限制性示例包括阳离子聚合物、调理剂(烃油、脂肪酸酯、有机硅)、去头屑剂、悬浮剂、粘度改性剂、染料、非挥发性溶剂或稀释剂(水溶性和不溶性的)、珠光助剂、泡沫促进剂、附加的表面活性剂或非离子助表面活性剂、灭虱剂、pH调节剂、香料、防腐剂、螯合剂、蛋白质、皮肤活性剂、防晒剂、紫外线吸收剂和维生素。
A.分散的颗粒
组合物可包含分散的颗粒。可用的颗粒原先可以是无机的、合成的或半合成的。如果存在,则分散的颗粒以按组合物的重量计约0.025%至约20%,另选地约0.05%至约10%,另选地约0.1%至约5%,另选地约0.25%至约3%,并且另选地约0.5%至约2%的量被掺入。
B.非离子聚合物
具有大于约1000的分子量的聚亚烷基二醇可用于本文。可使用具有以下通式的那些:
其中R95选自H、甲基、以及它们的混合物。可用于本文的聚乙二醇聚合物是PEG-2M(还被称为PolyoxN-10,购自Union Carbide,并且被称为PEG-2,000);PEG-5M(还被称为PolyoxN-35和PolyoxN-80,购自Union Carbide,并且被称为PEG-5,000和聚乙二醇300,000);PEG-7M(还称为PolyoxN-750,购自Union Carbide);PEG-9M(还称为PolyoxN-3333,购自Union Carbide);和PEG-14M(还被称为PolyoxN-3000,购自Union Carbide)。
C.附加的调理剂
组合物还可包含一种或多种调理剂,调理剂除了由离散颗粒递送的调理之外。调理剂包括用于向毛发和/或皮肤提供特定调理有益效果的物质。可用于组合物中的调理剂通常包括水不溶性、水分散性、非挥发性、可形成乳化液体颗粒的液体。用于在组合物中使用的适宜的调理剂为一般来讲特征在于有机硅(如有机硅油、阳离子有机硅、有机硅树胶、高折射的有机硅和有机硅树脂)、有机调理油(如烃油、聚烯烃和脂肪酸酯)或它们的组合的那些调理剂,或在含水的表面活性剂基质中另外形成液体、分散的颗粒的那些调理剂。
清洁组合物还可包含非挥发性硅油。对于不透明组合物实施方案,清洁组合物包含如在清洁组合物中所测量的粒度为约1μm至约50μm的非挥发性硅油。清洁组合物还可包含如在清洁组合物中所测量的粒度为约100nm至约1μm的非挥发性硅油。对于基本上透明的组合物实施方案,清洁组合物可包含如在清洁组合物中所测量的粒度小于约100nm的非挥发性硅油。
当存在时,一种或多种调理剂为按组合物的重量计,约0.01%至约10%,另选地约0.1%至约8%,并且另选地约0.2%至约4%的量。
调理剂可以存在于离散颗粒中或可以作为单独的组分添加至最终的清洁组合物中,使得它们主要存在于清洁的连续相中。
D.去头皮屑活性物质
组合物还可包含去头皮屑活性物质。去头皮屑活性物质的适宜非限制性示例包括吡啶硫酮盐、唑类、硫化硒、颗粒状硫、角质层分离剂、羟甲辛吡酮乙醇胺以及它们的混合物。此类去头皮屑活性物质应与组合物的组分物理和化学地相容,并且不应另外不适当地损害产品稳定性、美观或性能。
当存在于组合物中时,按组合物的重量计,去头皮屑活性物质以约0.01%至约5%,另选地约0.1%至约3%,并且另选地约0.3%至约2%的量包含于内。
E.湿润剂
组合物可包含湿润剂。本文的湿润剂选自多元醇、水溶性烷氧基化非离子聚合物、以及它们的混合物。当用于本文时,润湿剂按组合物的重量计,可以约0.1%至约20%,另选地约0.5%至约5%的量存在。
F.结构剂和悬浮剂
组合物还可包含在以下浓度下的结构剂和悬浮剂,该浓度有效地将水不溶性物质以分散形式悬浮在组合物中,或有效地调节组合物的粘度。此类浓度按组合物的重量计,在约0.02%至约10%,另选地约0.02%至约5.0%,另选地约0.02%至约1.5%的范围内。
可用于本发明的悬浮剂包括结晶的悬浮剂,它可以被分类为酰基衍生物、长链氧化胺、以及它们的混合物。这些悬浮剂描述于美国专利4741855中。这些悬浮剂可包含具有约16至约22个碳原子的脂肪酸乙二醇酯。另选方案包括乙二醇硬脂酸酯,单硬脂酸酯和二硬脂酸酯两者,并且二硬脂酸酯包含小于约7%的单硬脂酸酯。
使用氢化蓖麻油结构剂(如商业名称为:Thixcin R,由Elementis Specialties提供)可有助于使用在凝胶网络中具有较高含量脂族两亲物(诸如脂肪醇)的制剂。使用氢化蓖麻油通过制备以下物质而具有改善的配制灵活性:(i)具有高浓度的结构剂(更有效地使用植物容器)的分散体和(ii)在最终产物中导致更高屈服应力的晶习/形式,从而赋予给定量结构剂的高稳定性。
G.其它任选组分
组合物可包含其它任选组分。任选组分可存在于分散的凝胶网络相中,或者可作为单独组分加入最终的清洁组合物中。
例如,组合物可包含水溶性和水不溶性的维生素,如维生素B1、B2、B6、B12、C、泛酸、泛基乙基醚、泛醇、生物素及其衍生物、和维生素A、D、E、以及它们的衍生物。组合物还可包含水溶性和水不溶性的氨基酸,诸如天冬酰胺、丙氨酸、吲哚、谷氨酸及其盐、和酪氨酸、色胺、赖氨酸、组氨酸、以及它们的盐。组合物还可包含可用于防止毛发损失的物质和毛发生长刺激物或毛发生长刺激剂。
任何其它合适的任选组分也可包括在组合物中,例如通常用于指定产品类型中的那些成分。“CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook”第十版(2004)(由Cosmetic,Toiletry,and Fragrance Association,Inc.,Washington,D.C.出版)描述了可加入本文组合物中的多种非限制性物质。这些成分类别的示例包括但不限于:研磨剂、吸收剂、美观组分(如香料和芳香剂、颜料、染色剂/着色剂、精油、皮肤增感剂、收敛剂等(例如丁香油、薄荷醇、樟脑、桉树油、丁子香酚、乳酸薄荷酯、金缕梅馏出液))、抗痤疮剂、抗结块剂、消泡剂、抗微生物剂(例如丁基氨基甲酸碘丙酯)、抗菌剂、杀真菌剂、抗氧化剂、粘合剂、生物添加剂、缓冲剂、增量剂、螯合剂、化学添加剂、着色剂、化妆收敛剂、化妆杀菌剂、变性剂、药物收敛剂、外用止痛剂、成膜剂或成膜物质(例如有助于所述组合物的成膜性质和亲和性的聚合物(例如二十碳烯和乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物))、遮光剂、pH调节剂、植物衍生物、植物提取物、植物组织提取物、植物种子提取物、植物油、药材、药材提取物、防腐剂、推进剂、还原剂、皮脂控制剂、螯合剂、皮肤增白和增亮剂(例如对苯二酚、曲酸、抗坏血酸、抗坏血酸磷酸镁、抗坏血酸基葡糖苷、吡哆素)、酶、辅酶、皮肤调理剂(例如湿润剂和吸留性试剂)、皮肤抚慰剂和/或康复剂和衍生物(例如泛醇和衍生物,如乙基泛醇、芦荟、泛酸及其衍生物、尿囊素、红没药醇、以及甘草酸二钾盐)、皮肤处理剂(例如维生素D化合物、单萜系化合物、二萜系化合物和三萜系化合物、β-亚诺抗氧化添加剂、雪松醇)、增稠剂(包括一价盐或二价盐,如氯化钠)、和维生素、它们的衍生物、以及它们的组合。
测试方法
毛发基质
四克、8英寸白种人来源的未处理的毛发绺(即,无化学处理),来源于International Hair Importers&Products Inc.。
毛发处理
将毛发绺悬挂在水槽上并用水预润湿约30秒。然后毛发绺夹在人的食指和中指之间并拉动穿过手指以除去多余的水。将0.4cc的清洁组合物以锯齿形方式沿着每个发簇的长度向下施用到每个毛发绺的前侧面。使用硬毛塑料小毛刷将清洁组合物刷到每个毛发绺中约30秒。然后用水冲洗每个毛发绺约30秒。然后毛发绺夹在人的食指和中指之间并拉动穿过手指以除去多余的水。然后将毛发绺翻转,并且将0.4cc的清洁组合物以锯齿形方式沿每个毛发绺的长度向下施用到每个毛发绺的背侧面。然后用水冲洗每个毛发绺约30秒。然后毛发绺夹在人的食指和中指之间并拉动穿过手指以除去多余的水。然后将毛发绺风干。用于预润湿和冲洗毛发绺的水通常在约100°F的温度和约1.5加仑/分钟的压力下。水的硬度通常为约7格令/加仑至约13格令/加仑。在毛发处理之后,将毛发绺置于80℃的热箱中直至毛发干燥。
鲸蜡醇定量
将毛发样品在20%RH恒定湿度室中平衡过夜。对于每个样品,将0.1g毛发以20-40mm段切割到小瓶中(n=4)。首先,用己烷轻轻萃取毛发以除去外部的鲸蜡醇。己烷萃取由下列步骤组成:用己烷萃取毛发两次,然后将干燥的残余物浓缩在第二溶剂(超临界流体色谱-质谱(SFC-MSMS)的流动相和气相色谱(GC)的N,O-双(三甲基甲硅烷基三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生化试剂)中。接着,内部鲸蜡醇使用2:1的氯仿:甲醇萃取,然后使用1:1的氯仿:甲醇萃取。氯仿包含10mM二甲基己胺(DMHA)和甲醇1%甲酸。将每次萃取物在65℃下与毛发一起加热30分钟,然后合并,并且将干燥的残余物再次溶解于第二溶剂(SFCMS-MS的流动相和GC的BSTFA衍生化试剂)中。使用具有氢流动相的聚二甲基硅氧烷毛细管柱,通过气相色谱法和火焰离子化检测来定量鲸蜡醇。将十九烷酸和二十烷酸用作内部标准。
SAXS/WAXS
X-射线样品制备/程序
使单个小珠落入包含清洁基础结构的2.5mm OD毛细管(0.01mm壁厚)的扩张端,轻轻地压入毛细管的颈部中以确保其被完全浸没。该制备用于收集的每个时间点,使容纳小珠的毛细管在样品束中的位置居中,从而在小珠本身随时间推移而变化时捕获其SAXS图案。虽然小珠略大于毛细管的主体,但通向其开口端的逐渐扩张允许其尺寸在分析的整天内将小珠保持在适当的位置。
一天后将18x0129小珠从毛细管移除,并收集其WAXS图案。在需要更长的时间标度分析的情况下,将样品18x0130当前与清洁基础结构一起保留在其毛细管中。
X-射线衍射测量中使用的仪器包括下列仪器:1)小角数据(SAXS)是BrukerNanoSTAR(Billerica,MA,USA)小角X-射线散射仪。微聚焦Cu X-射线管在50kV,0.60mA下操作,其具有550微米ScanTex针孔。样品与检测器的距离为109.260cm,并且检测器为Vantec2K二维区域检测器。将样品置于固体样品夹持器中,并在大气条件下以1200的分析时间进行分析。2)广角数据(WAXS)在Stoe STADI-P透射模式衍射仪上收集。发电器在40kV/50mA下操作,从而为铜阳极长细聚焦Cu X-射线管供电。衍射仪结合了入射光束弯曲锗晶体单色器、标准入射光束狭缝系统和图像板位置敏感性检测器,其具有约124_2h的角度范围。在0至124_2h的范围内以传输模式收集数据并持续900s。
溶胀离散颗粒的压缩测量
期望一旦掺入到成品中,离散颗粒就充分溶胀或“水合”,从而使当消费者从包装中分配产品时,颗粒开始与清洁连续相共混。图1示出颗粒水合。图1包括无水颗粒10和离散颗粒12。其导致颗粒结构内随时间和颗粒以及基础结构组成14变化的不同水合结构域。不同的结构域描述如下:
-未水合固相16=离散颗粒的最小水合相,该相最类似于无水颗粒,经历很少(如果有的话)显著的水合,使得相的压缩等于或超过如本文所述的Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试方法的50g力极限。
-半水合凝胶相18=离散颗粒的部分水合相,其随时间推移继续水合,并且相的压缩可使用Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪和下文所述的相应方法测量。
-水合凝胶相20=离散颗粒的最大水合相,其在微观尺度上最类似于分散的凝胶网络相。
本文所述的方法表征离散颗粒(在下文中称为“颗粒”或“小珠”)在产品中软化的程度。该方法采用由Kato Tech,LTD制造的Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪或类似设备。以下是本文所用的Kawabata KES-FB3-自动压缩测试仪的设备设置–灵敏度:2,速度0.02mm/sec,冲程10,区域或探针压缩面积:2(对应于标准16mm压缩探针),加工速率:0.1,最大负载:50gf/cm2。
由该方法得到的示例性数据包括于下表1和2中,并用于计算(1)压缩半水合凝胶相时产生的总压缩功[WC总计](示于下图2中)和(2)在特定时间点处剩余的未水合固相的尺寸[≈Tm(mm)]。本文中的这些数据可用于生成描述产品中的给定小珠随时间推移的水合程度的图示或“指纹”(图3)。以下公式可用于计算WC总计,其中1)“n”和“n-1”是指由此获得对应数据的颗粒压缩测量中的步骤数,并且n≥2,2)“FC”是指压缩力[=负载(gf/cm2)×探针压缩面积(cm2)],并且3)“D”是指探针行进距离:
WC总计=∑(FCavg)·(ΔD)
实施例数据分析:
表1
表2
用于压缩测量的样品制备
通过将小珠掺入到成品中(例如,以约10个小珠的比率掺入到约5克清洁组合物诸如洗发剂中)使得小珠被产品有效地涂覆,来制备产品样品以供测量。使用小刮刀以不同的时间间隔一次一个地从产品对这些小珠进行取样,注意在提取期间不使小珠变形。在不限于特定时间标度的情况下,以以下时间间隔(小时)进行小珠压缩:0、1、3、6和24小时。在正确的设备校准和测量设置后,小心地从产品中提取小珠,并且使其居中位于KES-FB3-A压缩测试仪的样品台上,在压缩探针下方,以准备进行样品分析。
非限制性实施例
如下实施例中说明的组合物描述了组合物的具体实施方案,但并不旨在对其限定。在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的前提下,技术人员能够进行其它修改。本文所述组合物的这些示例实施方案为毛发提供增强的调理有益效果。
除非另外指明,所有示例的量以重量百分比列出,除了微量物质以外,诸如稀释剂、防腐剂、有色溶液、假想成分、植物药物等。除非另外指明,否则所有百分比均基于重量。
下列实施例示出了在无水颗粒与最终清洁组合物中的其它组分结合之前,该无数颗粒的具体实施方案。预期以下无水颗粒预混物实施例中的每一者均可作为离散颗粒掺入清洁组合物诸如洗发剂组合物中。
(1)购自A&E Connock
(2)购自Croda Chemicals
(3)购自Emery Oleochemicals
(4)购自Clariant Int.Ltd.
(5)购自P&G Chemicals
(6)购自Stepan Company
(8)IncromineTMSD(Croda)
(9)PRESTIGE Ruby(Sudarshan Chemical)
(10)二氧化钛(Kobo)
(11)Jordapon Ci-Prilled(BASF)
(12)购自Sigma Aldrich
(13)Cf330m(Momentive Performance Materials)
(15)Dow Corning 1872(Dow Corning Corporation)
(16)Mirapol 100S(Solvay USA Inc.)
(17)DL泛醇(DSM Nutritional Products Inc)
(18)D/DI泛基乙基醚(DSM Nutritional Products Inc)
(19)刺阿干树仁油(BASF Corporation)
(20)椰子乳5432472(IFF)
(21)左旋薄荷醇(Symrise)
(22)购自BASF。
离散颗粒实施例1-4(GN实施例1至GN实施例4)
在与去污表面活性剂和最终清洁组合物的其它组分组合之前的离散颗粒的实施例。
(1)购自Clariant Int.Ltd。
洗发剂实施例1-20
*表示无水颗粒在添加到洗发剂之前与凝胶网络预混合的情况。
(1)月桂基聚氧乙烯醚-n硫酸钠,其中n≥1且≤3
(2)阳离子半乳甘露聚糖(其中分子量为-200,000;电荷密度=3.0meq/g)
(3)阳离子半乳甘露聚糖(其中分子量为-200,000;电荷密度=0.7meq/g)
(4)Jaguar C17(Rhodia)
(5)ADPP-5043H1VPW(其中分子量为-1,200,000并且电荷密度为2.0meq/g),购自Aqualon/Hercules
(6)Polymer LR30M(Dow Chemical Company)
(7)Mirapol 100S(Solvay USA Inc.)
(8)Cf330m(Momentive Performance Materials)
(10)Dow Corning 1872(Dow Corning Corporation)
(11)三羟基硬脂酸甘油酯-PrimG(Elementis Specialties Inc.)
(12)Carbopol Aqua SF 1(Lubrizol Advanced Materials)
(13)Jaguar Excel(Solvay)
(14)Polymer KG30M(Dow Chemical Company)
(15)Carbopol Aqua SF 2(Lubrizol Advanced Materials)
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或换句话讲有所限制,否则将本文引用的每篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或申请,全文均以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多个其它变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种清洁组合物,包含:
(a)去污表面活性剂;
(b)含水载体;
(c)按所述清洁组合物的重量计约0.5%至约30%的离散颗粒,所述离散颗粒包含无水颗粒和水相,并且其中所述无水颗粒包含:
(1)一种或多种脂族两亲物,所述脂族两亲物选自脂肪醇、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、脂肪酰胺以及它们的混合物;
(2)一种或多种第二表面活性剂,所述第二表面活性剂选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂或它们的混合物;其中所述离散颗粒具有约200微米至约15000微米的尺寸,其中所述清洁组合物具有约75%或更高的透射率%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的清洁组合物,其中所述脂族两亲物按所述清洁组合物的重量计为约0.25%至约15%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的清洁组合物,其中所述离散颗粒为约500微米至约7000微米。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述无水颗粒具有约0.2微米至约200微米的尺度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述无水颗粒具有约200微米至约0.5mm的尺度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述无水颗粒具有约0.5mm至约20mm的尺度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述无水颗粒具有约1mm至约10mm的尺度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述离散颗粒处于半水合凝胶相中,并且具有如使用KES-FB3-A压缩测试仪所测定的约0.5克-力单位至约50克-力单位的压缩。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述离散颗粒处于尺度小于约0.3mm的未水合固相中。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组合物,其中所述未水合固相具有如使用所述KES-FB3-A压缩测试仪所测定的大于约50克-力单位的压缩。
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JP7274507B2 (ja) | 2023-05-16 |
CN112261931B (zh) | 2023-12-08 |
JP2021526151A (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
WO2019236646A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
JP2023087001A (ja) | 2023-06-22 |
US11628126B2 (en) | 2023-04-18 |
US20190365611A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
MX2020013252A (es) | 2021-02-22 |
US20230210730A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
CN117562814A (zh) | 2024-02-20 |
EP3801443A1 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
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