CN105557362B - A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105557362B
CN105557362B CN201510919173.8A CN201510919173A CN105557362B CN 105557362 B CN105557362 B CN 105557362B CN 201510919173 A CN201510919173 A CN 201510919173A CN 105557362 B CN105557362 B CN 105557362B
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sweet potato
potted landscape
cultivation
preparation
days
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CN105557362A (en
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张松树
马志民
刘兰服
胡亚亚
焦伟静
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Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape, comprises the following steps:(1) sweet potato pre-treatment;(2) vernalization;(3) prepared by potted landscape cultivation matrix;(4) basin is filled;(5) moulding;(6) potted landscape management and maintenance;Limited between step 2) and step 3) without time sequencing.The cultivation cycle of the method for the invention 67 months, yield rate 55 65%, viewing and admiring the time can be up to 57 month.

Description

A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of potted landscape, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape.
Background technology
The improvement of people's living standards, the transformation of concept is driven, pursued life diversification, freshization and GOOD TASTE As trend.The beautification of the environment is pursued, thirsting for back to nature turns into life fashion, and this comes into huge numbers of families for potted landscape and laid a good foundation, People is had a taste of rural scenery without exporting enough, taste varieties of the joy that the Nature is brought.Potted landscape, it is the outstanding biography of Han nationality One of system art, it is the art work for showing natural landscape in basin using plant and mountain stone as stock.The making of potted landscape be with Plant, mountain stone, soil, water etc. are material, by artistic creation and horticultural gardening, in basin typical case, intensively mould the Nature Fine view, reach contracting dragon into artistic effect very little, much in little, while poured out one's heart with scape, far-reaching artistic conception is showed, just as solid Beautiful scaled down version scenery with hills and waters scenic spot.
Potted landscape species is various, there is bonsai, bonsai landscape, showy flowers of herbaceous plants potted landscape etc., and sweet potato potted landscape occurs in nearly 2 years south, Sweet potato potted landscape is to make potted landscape using sweet potato as material.Different, temperament and interest is unique, but sweet potato potted landscape in the market is done All not exquisite enough, also not system.The manufacturing process of commercially available potted landscape:Sweet potato is put into shady place, sprayed water everyday, is sent out within 15 days or so Bud, after bud length is long, according to the specific character moulding of sweet potato, then drop it off in good-looking container, plus appropriate clear water, water needs Often to change, or be transplanted among soil, or so two weeks pours a water.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultivation cycle of system is short, yield rate, the sweet potato potted landscape for viewing and admiring time length Preparation method.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape, comprise the following steps:(1) sweet potato pre-treatment:Use 70- 80% 400-600 times of thiophanate methyl dilution immersion sweet potato 0.5-2h;(2) vernalization:The sweet potato that step (1) is handled well is placed in 25-35 DEG C of progress light culture, sprayed with root-inducing powder to sweet potato, daily 3-4 times, processing is taken root for 10-15 days to sweet potato, is sprouted;(3) It is prepared by potted landscape cultivation matrix:Potted landscape cultivation matrix is made up of normal soil, organic fertilizer and sandy soil;(4) basin is filled:By mixed cultivation Matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 1-3cm, and the sweet potato handled well is put into basin, after surrounding fills out cultivation matrix, watered to complete Portion's cultivation matrix drenches, and is put under the conditions of 20-30 DEG C, illumination cultivation;(5) moulding:45-55 days after sweet potato cultivation, according to cauline leaf Growing way and state carry out trimming moulding;(6) potted landscape management and maintenance:A water was poured every 15-20 days, cigarette was used every 7-10 days Alkali sprays Sweet Potato Leaf.
Preferably, the cultivation matrix described in step (3), 20-40g paclobutrazols and cultivation base often are added in basin cultivation matrix Matter mixes;The preferred adding proportion of organic fertilizer is 3-10% in cultivation matrix described in step (3), the preferred addition ratio of sandy soil Example is 5-15%, and surplus is normal soil.
Sweet potato variety described in step (1) is preferably simultaneous anti-sweep stem nematode, sweet potato root rot, the product of sweet potato black rot Kind.
The present invention also provides the cultivation management method for the sweet potato for making potted landscape, comprises the following steps:
(1) deep ploughing soil:Before soil is freeze-up before winter or after the defrosting of beginning of spring soil, deep plough 25~30cm, upturned soil of drying in the air;
(2) mechanical ridging:70~80cm of row spacing, the high 25~30cm in ridge, 1.1~1.3N/m3 of the soil weight, ridge is flat-top, The big ridge of zanjon;
(3) transplant seedlings:After late frost, late April starts to mid-May to be transplanted seedlings, density of transplanting seedlings be 2500~3000 plants/ Mu;
(5) pest and disease damage prevention and control:Base portion 10-20 minutes, which are soaked, with 500 times of 70-80% thiophanate methyls prevents and treats black spot.With 7.5-12.5% fosthiazate granule mu dosages 1.5-2kg, which attacks a vital point, prevents and treats Ditylenchus dipsaci, imidacloprid mu dosage 50-150g preventing and treatings underground Insect;
(6) transplant:Dig hollow place, per cave water 0.3-0.6L, take advantage of water and smear seedling, water ooze after be in wet soil shape, then with dry ground envelope ridge Face, beneficial to soil moisture conservation live seedling;
(7) field management
1. using 30-35% pendimethalin missible oil 150-250ml before weeds are not unearthed after transplanting seedlings, it is uniform to be watered 35-45kg Fog seal ground management of weeds;
2. being intertilled after planting in 25-30 days, depth is 3~5cm, keeps ridge shape and combines weeding;
Carry out chemical regulation when there were the prosperous long impetus 55-60 days envelope ridge phases after 3. sweet potato is planted:8% 75~100g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed, Or paclobutrazol 50g~80g, decoction dosage 50kg, rain is met in 24 hours to spray again;
(8) harvest grows to suitable size potato wedge in time, leaves 10-15cm potato cripple;With spade by whole strain sweet potato rewarding, Potato wedge and the original state of potato cripple are kept, soil around is rinsed well with water, cases and is preserved into cellar for storing things.The cultivation of described sweet potato variety Management method, the harvesting method of sweet potato described in step (8), preferably each sweet potato need to individually harvest, individually to turning after harvest Son carries out the shape handles.
The advantageous effects of the present invention:Technical scheme can produce moulding by the way of system cultivation More peculiar potted landscape;Present invention employs pest and disease damage and excessive growth Control Technology so that the management of potted landscape is easier, shortens training The cycle is supported, the obtained sweet potato potted landscape ornamental time is longer, and yield rate is higher, and the method for the invention prepares sweet potato potted landscape Cultivation cycle is 6-7 months, yield rate 55-65%, and viewing and admiring the time can be up to 5-7 month.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape, including implementation steps in detail below:(1) locate before sweet potato Reason:With 400-600 times of dilution immersion sweet potato 0.5-2h of 70-80% thiophanate methyls;(2) vernalization:Step (1) is handled well Sweet potato is placed in 25-35 DEG C of progress light culture, gives sweet potato to spray with root-inducing powder, daily 3-4 time, handles 10-15 days and takes root to sweet potato, Budding;(3) prepared by potted landscape cultivation matrix:Potted landscape cultivation matrix is made up of normal soil, organic fertilizer and sandy soil;(4) basin is filled:Will be mixed Good cultivation matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 1-3cm, and the sweet potato handled well is put into basin, after surrounding fills out cultivation matrix, Watering drenches to whole cultivation matrixes, is put under the conditions of 25-30 DEG C, illumination cultivation;(5) moulding:45-55 days after sweet potato cultivation, Trimming moulding is carried out according to cauline leaf growing and state;(6) potted landscape management and maintenance:A water was poured every 15-20 days, every 7-10 It is using nicotine spray Sweet Potato Leaf.
The present invention is handled before being carried out before being cultivated to sweet potato:With 400-600 times of dilution of 70-80% thiophanate methyls Soak sweet potato 0.5-2h.In the present invention, the sweet potato is preferably simultaneous anti-sweep stem nematode, sweet potato root rot and sweet potato blackspot The kind of disease, can be specifically the one or more in Ji potato 982, Ji potato 26, Ji purple potato 2.In the present invention, the methyl The mass concentration of thiophanate is preferably 70-80%, and more preferably 75%;The extension rate of the dilution is preferably 500 times;Institute It is preferably 1h to state soak time.
Vernalization step of the present invention, sweet potato is placed in 25-35 DEG C and secretly trained, sprayed with root-inducing powder to sweet potato, daily 3-4 times, processing is taken root for 10-15 days to sweet potato, is sprouted.The temperature of light culture of the present invention is preferably 30 DEG C, and described takes root Powder is preferably 300 times of dilutions, and preferably spraying root-inducing powder 4 times daily, are handled 15 days.
The present invention carries out potted landscape cultivation matrix preparation while vernalization is carried out to sweet potato or after vernalization:Potted landscape cultivation base Matter is made up of common loam, organic fertilizer and sandy soil;The ratio of the loam, organic fertilizer and sandy soil is preferably the addition ratio of organic fertilizer Example is 5-10%, and the adding proportions of sandy soil is 10-15%, the loam of surplus;More preferably the adding proportion of organic fertilizer is 5%, The adding proportion of sandy soil is 15%, the loam of surplus;In the present invention, preferred addition 20-40g paclobutrazols in every basin cultivation matrix Mixed with cultivation matrix.
Dress basin step of the present invention:Mixed cultivation matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 1-3cm, it is sweet by what is handled well Potato is put into basin, after surrounding fills out cultivation matrix, is watered to whole cultivation matrixes and is drenched, be put under the conditions of 25-30 DEG C, illumination Culture;Described cultivation matrix is preferably thick in basin tiling 2cm, and the preferable temperature of described illumination cultivation is 25 DEG C.
The present invention carries out trimming moulding 45-55 days after sweet potato cultivation, according to cauline leaf growing and state;To potted plant after moulding It is managed and safeguards:A water was poured every 15-20 days, every 7-10 days using nicotine spray Sweet Potato Leaf.Preferably every 15 It pours a water, every 10 days using nicotine spray Sweet Potato Leaf.
In the present invention, it is described potted plant to be preferably prepared with sweet potato by the method comprised the following steps:
(1) deep ploughing soil:Before soil is freeze-up before winter or after the defrosting of beginning of spring soil, deep plough 25~30cm, upturned soil of drying in the air;
(2) mechanical ridging:70~80cm of row spacing, the high 25~30cm in ridge, 1.1~1.3N/m3 of the soil weight, ridge is flat-top, The big ridge of zanjon;
(3) transplant seedlings:After late frost, late April starts to mid-May to be transplanted seedlings, density of transplanting seedlings be 2500~3000 plants/ Mu;
(5) pest and disease damage prevention and control:Base portion 10-20 minutes are soaked with 400-600 times of mass concentration 70-80% thiophanate methyl to prevent Black spot is controlled, preventing and treating Ditylenchus dipsaci, imidacloprid mu dosage 50- are cheated with 7.5-12.5% fosthiazate granule mu dosage 1.5-2kg points 150g prevents and treats subterranean pest-insect;
(6) transplant:Pit digging, per hole point water 0.3-0.6L, take advantage of water and smear seedling, water ooze after be in wet soil shape, then with dry ground Feng Long faces;
(7) field management
1. using 30-35% Pendimethalin breast 150-250ml before weeds are not unearthed after plant, 35-45kg spraying envelopes are watered Close ground management of weeds;
2. being intertilled after planting in 25-30 days, depth is 3~5cm, keeps ridge shape and combines weeding;
55-60 days after 3. sweet potato is planted carry out chemical regulation:Mepiquat chloride 75~100g of decoction of mass concentration 8% is sprayed, or it is more Azoles 50g~80g is imitated, decoction dosage 50kg/ mus, rain is met in 24 hours to spray again;
(8) potato wedge is harvested, leaves 10-15cm potato cripple, potato wedge and the original state of potato cripple is kept, potato wedge is rinsed with water Totally.
The present invention carries out pest and disease damage prevention and control before plant to rice shoot:With 400-600 times of mass concentration 70-80% methyl Tobe Tianjin immersion base portion 10-20 minutes prevent and treat black spot, and preventing and treating stem is cheated with 7.5-12.5% fosthiazate granule mu dosage 1.5-2kg points Nematode, imidacloprid mu dosage 50-150g preventing and treating subterranean pest-insects.The thiophanate methyl is preferably 500 times of mass concentration 75% Dilution, preferably soak time are 15 minutes;The fosthiazate granule preferred mass concentration is 10%, and preferable amount is 1.8kg/ mu;The preferable amount of the imidacloprid is 100g/ mus.
The present invention is 0.3-0.6L, preferably 0.4L per hole point water in plant.
The present invention uses 30-35% Pendimethalin breast 150-250ml before weeds are not unearthed after plant, is watered 35-45kg Fog seal ground management of weeds;The preferable concentration of Pendimethalin breast is 33%, and preferable dosage is 200ml/ mus, often The 200ml preferable amount of being watered of Pendimethalin breast is 40kg.
The present invention carries out chemical regulation in 55-60 days after sweet potato is planted:The mepiquat chloride decoction 75 of spray mass concentration 8%~ 100g, or paclobutrazol 50g~80g, decoction dosage 50kg/ mus, rain is met in 24 hours to spray again;Described mepiquat chloride decoction Have from amount be 90g, the preferable amount of paclobutrazol is 70g.
Heretofore described harvest potato wedge, preferably each potato wedge individually harvest.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, with reference to embodiment to a kind of making side of sweet potato potted landscape provided by the invention Method is described in detail, but they can not be interpreted as into limiting the scope of the present invention.
The making 1 of the sweet potato potted landscape of embodiment 1
(1) preparation:Suitably do the oblong flower pot of potted landscape;Matrix selects organic fertilizer 5%, sandy soil 15%, surplus Loam, 30g paclobutrazols are added per basin and are mixed.
(2) potato wedge is handled:Disease-free standby individual plant or potato wedge are selected, soaks 1h with 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, it is standby With.
(3) vernalization:30 DEG C of light cultures, using 300 times of liquid sprayings of root-inducing powder, 3 times/day, spray 12 days.
(4) basin is filled:Mixed cultivation matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 2cm, the potato wedge handled well is put into above, surrounding After banketing, permeable, 25 DEG C of illumination cultivations are poured.
(5) moulding:Moulding is can be used within 50 days after cultivation, is trimmed according to cauline leaf growing and state,.
(6) potted landscape management and maintenance:A water was poured every 20 days, while using nicotine (anti-Bemisia tabaci) spray blade.
The making 2 of the sweet potato potted landscape of embodiment 2
(1) preparation:Suitably make the various model rectangle flowerpots of potted landscape;The adding proportion of organic fertilizer is 3- in matrix 10%, the adding proportions of sandy soil is 5-15%, the loam of surplus.After mixing, 25g paclobutrazols are added per basin and are mixed.
(2) potato wedge is handled:Disease-free standby potato wedge is selected, soaks 2h with 600 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, it is standby.
(3) vernalization:33 DEG C of light cultures, using 300 times of liquid sprayings of root-inducing powder, 4 times/day, spray 10 days.
(4) basin is filled:Mixed cultivation matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 3cm, the potato wedge handled well is put into above, surrounding Permeable, 27 DEG C of illumination cultivations are poured after banketing.
(5) moulding:Moulding is can be used within 48 days after cultivation, is trimmed according to cauline leaf growing and state,.
(6) potted landscape management and maintenance:A water was poured every 18 days, every 18 days using nicotine spray Sweet Potato Leaf.
Embodiment 3 makes the cultivation management method of the sweet potato of potted landscape
(1) deep ploughing soil:Before soil is freeze-up before winter or after the defrosting of beginning of spring soil, deep plough 25-30cm, upturned soil of drying in the air;
(2) mechanical ridging:70~80cm of row spacing, the high 25~30cm in ridge, 1.1~1.3N/m3 of the soil weight, ridge is flat-top, The big ridge of zanjon;
(3) transplant seedlings:After late frost, late April starts to mid-May to be transplanted seedlings, density of transplanting seedlings be 2500~3000 plants/ Mu;
(5) pest and disease damage prevention and control:15 minutes preventing and treating black spots of base portion are soaked with 500 times of 70% thiophanate methyl.With 10% thiophene Azoles phosphine granule mu dosage 2kg, which attacks a vital point, prevents and treats Ditylenchus dipsaci, imidacloprid mu dosage 100g preventing and treating subterranean pest-insects;
(6) transplant:Pit digging, per hole point water 0.5L, take advantage of water and smear seedling, water ooze after be in wet soil shape, then with dry ground Feng Long faces;
(7) field management
It is watered 40kg even sprayings closely with 35% pendimethalin missible oil 200ml before 1. weeds are not unearthed after transplanting seedlings Face management of weeds;
2. being intertilled within 30 days after planting, depth is 3~5cm, keeps ridge shape and combines weeding;
Carry out chemical regulation when there were the prosperous long impetus 55-60 days envelope ridge phases after 3. sweet potato is planted;Spray 8% mepiquat chloride 90g, or multiple-effect Azoles 65g, decoction dosage 50kg, rain is met in 24 hours to spray again;
(8) harvest grows to suitable size potato wedge in time, leaves 13-5cm potato cripple;With spade by whole strain sweet potato rewarding, Potato wedge and the original state of potato cripple are kept, soil around potato wedge is rinsed well with water.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) sweet potato pre-treatment:With 400-600 times of dilution immersion sweet potato 0.5-2h of 70-80% thiophanate methyls;
(2) vernalization:The sweet potato that step (1) is handled well is placed in 25-35 DEG C of progress light culture, sprayed with root-inducing powder to sweet potato, often It 1 time, processing is taken root for 10-15 days to sweet potato, is sprouted;
(3) prepared by potted landscape cultivation matrix:Potted landscape cultivation matrix includes loam, organic fertilizer and sandy soil;
(4) basin is filled:Mixed cultivation matrix is thick in basin bottom part tiling 1-3cm, the sweet potato handled well is put into basin, surrounding is filled out After upper cultivation matrix, water to whole cultivation matrixes and drench, be put under the conditions of 25-30 DEG C, illumination cultivation;
(5) moulding:45-55 days after sweet potato cultivation, trimming moulding is carried out according to cauline leaf growing and state;
(6) potted landscape management and maintenance:A water was poured every 15-20 days, every 7-10 days using nicotine spray Sweet Potato Leaf.
2. the preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that nothing between step (2) and step (3) Time sequencing limits.
3. the preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation base described in step (3) Matter, 20-40g paclobutrazols are often added in basin cultivation matrix and are mixed with cultivation matrix.
4. the preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cultivation base described in step (3) The adding proportion of organic fertilizer is 5-10% in matter, and the adding proportion of sandy soil is 10-15%, and surplus is loam.
5. the preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sweet potato described in step (1) is simultaneous Anti- sweep stem nematode, sweet potato root rot, the kind of sweet potato black rot.
CN201510919173.8A 2015-12-14 2015-12-14 A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape Expired - Fee Related CN105557362B (en)

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CN106717901A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-31 迁西县神农农产品有限公司 A kind of sweet potato green high-efficient cultural method
CN107691156A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-02-16 界首市天艺农民专业合作社 A kind of implantation methods of potted plant sweet potato
CN107691159A (en) * 2017-11-20 2018-02-16 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of potted plant sweet potato cultivation method
CN108064652A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-25 汪国宝 Roofing cultivation method of sweet potato
CN108477216B (en) * 2018-04-09 2021-03-02 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 Sweet potato seedling strengthening composition, sweet potato seedling strengthening method and application
CN108739190A (en) * 2018-08-02 2018-11-06 山东农业大学 A kind of cultural method improving fresh type sweet potato root tuber exterior quality
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