CN103141285A - Planting technology of Guangpo red sweet potatoes - Google Patents
Planting technology of Guangpo red sweet potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103141285A CN103141285A CN2013101010932A CN201310101093A CN103141285A CN 103141285 A CN103141285 A CN 103141285A CN 2013101010932 A CN2013101010932 A CN 2013101010932A CN 201310101093 A CN201310101093 A CN 201310101093A CN 103141285 A CN103141285 A CN 103141285A
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- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N (E)-acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting technology of Guangpo red sweet potatoes. The planting technology comprises the steps of: seed and seedling processing, land preparation and fertilization, transplanting and field management, and the like, wherein the land management comprises the sub-steps of: topdressing management, water management, and pest and disease prevention and treatment. By adoption of the planting technology of the Guangpo red sweet potatoes, the yield and quality of the Guangpo red sweet potatoes are greatly improved, the average number of the sweet potatoes of a single plant is 2-3, the average weight of the sweet potatoes of the single plant is 0.35-0.4kg, 750-1000kg of sweet potatoes are produced per mu, and among the fruiting sweet potatoes, first-grade sweet potatoes account for more than 30%, second-grade sweet potatoes account for about 50%, and third-grade sweet potatoes account for smaller than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the planting technology of a kind of crops, be specifically related to the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in light slope.
Background technology
The red fragrant potato in light slope is traditional improved seeds of the coastal areas such as tourist resources, Dongxing City plantation, it is said that local farmers reserves seed for planting to breed to form between the Kangxu of Qing Dynasty year from the sweet potato variety variant that the Hok-lo brings.The red fragrant potato in light slope belongs to product or low-yield variety in high-quality, and market orientation is the high-end product of eating raw, and added value of product is higher.Light slope red fragrant potato blade palmate five fork-shapeds, the dark green slightly aubergine of stem, plant type is partly planted vertical early stage, it is isometric during growth later stage stem is climing, stem is medium thick, 110～140 days breeding times, potato meat pure white, the skin pale red, the potato type is round short, and potato piece weight is middle-size and small-size, and content of starch is higher, the mouthfeel powder is fragrant, and fragrance is extremely dense.The plantation of the red fragrant potato in light slope is divided into spring planting, fall planting and winter plants, and spring planting refers to plantation before and after the Spring Equinox, reaches 15 ℃ with mean temperature of air and is as the criterion; Fall planting is plantation before and after the beginning of autumn, is no more than the Limit of Heat at the latest; Winter plants and refers to plant before slight snow after the late rice harvesting, can be early not slow, be no more than at the latest heavy snow.
The red fragrant potato in light slope can be divided into primes, seconds and three grades of product, and its grade scale is: the primes standard: agricultural chemicals and content of beary metal check reach national green food cereal product standard; Length 10cm～15cm, maximum inner diameter 3～5cm, camber is less than 10 degree (head or tail is spent less than 10 apart from mid point), and epidermis is not with clod, is rose or pale red, gloss slightly, the surface is without any small holes caused by worms, scab and obvious pit, and head is not with the potato base of a fruit, remains undecided not to be with the potato root, epidermis not damaged, weight are 75～150g.The seconds standard: agricultural chemicals and content of beary metal check reach national green food cereal product standard, length 15cm～20cm, maximum inner diameter 3～7cm, camber is less than 20 degree (head or tail is spent less than 20 greater than 10 degree apart from mid point), epidermis is not with clod, be rose or pale red, slightly gloss, surperficial without any small holes caused by worms, scab and obvious pit, head is not with the potato base of a fruit, afterbody is not with the potato root, and epidermis injury is no more than 10%, weight 150～250g.Three grades of product standards: agricultural chemicals and content of beary metal check reach national green food cereal product standard, length 15cm～20cm, maximum inner diameter 2.5～7cm, camber is less than 25 degree (head or tail is spent less than 25 greater than 20 degree apart from mid point), epidermis is not with clod, be rose or pale red, slightly gloss, surperficial without any small holes caused by worms, scab and obvious pit, head is not with the potato base of a fruit, afterbody is not with the potato root, and epidermis injury is no more than 15%, weight 250～400g.Present extensive management in the planting process of the red fragrant potato in light slope, ubiquity yields poorly, and inferior problem has a strong impact on peasant's economic well-being of workers and staff.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of output is high, the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in light slope of quality better.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in a kind of smooth slope, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) seedling is processed: select the red fragrant potato seedling in high-quality light slope, its first paragraph seedling of cutting is as seedling, every section long 4～6 joints of seedling, with 800～1000 times of mixed liquid dipping 10min of 80% chlorophos or 20% Acetamiprid and 80% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl, then the seedling head is put into and soaked 1h in above-mentioned mixed liquor with preventing disease and pest;
2) site preparation and fertilization: the paddy field of selection crop rotation or hillside fields are as the plantation field, soil condition is well-drained sandy loam, loam, the plow harrow field, whole ground, open dressing furrow, ratio in 800～1000kg/ mu equably swings in dressing furrow in by the strip mode crops straw and weeds, in the ratio of 500kg/ mu, well-rotted farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in dressing furrow again, then open furrow, when opening furrow, earth turned over to dressing furrow and bury fertilizer, then draw Ni Chenglong, row spacing 1～1.2m wraps ditch, the high 0.3～0.4m in ridge;
3) plant: seedling afterbody or a joint are basseted, and the whole levels of all the other stipes are buried in the earth 5～8cm, and all blades will basset, the single straight pendulum of seedling, cross arrangement between seedling, Planting Densities are 3000～3300 strain/mus, and seedling is apart from more than base manure 16.5cm;
4) field management:
The management 4.1 topdress: when seedling grows 2～3 young leaves, need spray methane liquid or liquid dung to topdress for the first time for 1～2 time, each every mu of spray 20～30 loads; After seedling is planted 40～60 days, enter piece root expanding stage, need to carry out weeding, and open ditch at the ridge waist and topdress for the second time, every mu imposes potassium sulphate 25kg or potassium magnesium sulfate 50kg and phoxim particle 2～5kg or tea bran 25kg, large ridging after fertilising;
4.2 water management: Seedling Stage should be controlled to water and prevent the excessive growth of potato seedling, and short its root system is grown downwards, and piece root expanding stage should keep ground moistening, just need to suitably water if soil is more dried, if field has ponding, needs timely draining;
4.3 the extermination of disease and insect pest: when virus disease, shot hole or soft rot plant occurring, should pull out at once and burn, and full field spraying pesticide, as elimination, but consecutive intervals was sprayed once above-mentioned agricultural chemicals in 5～7 days, until eradicate; When the morbidity strain was virus disease, described agricultural chemicals was 600～800 times of liquid of 25% Buprofezin or 20% Acetamiprid; When the morbidity strain was shot hole, described agricultural chemicals was 600～800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; The morbidity strain is when being soft rot, and described agricultural chemicals is 600～800 times of liquid or 20% limewash of 80% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl.
Should select fine day to gather when gathering, second day should not be gathered between great pluvial or after rain, and spring planting and winter gather before planting and will getting the jump on rainy season.Should first break the ridge when gathering a large amount of earth are removed, receive after allowing the potato piece shine half a day again, remove fibrous root and the potato base of a fruit, the classification while receiving can not be packed in bag, and in the large bamboo or wicker basket of packing into, will put the soft things such as foam or straw in large bamboo or wicker basket, hinders sweet potato slices in case brush, and will handle with care.
After sweet potato harvesting, if need storage, should be the overlaying on plank one by one within doors of beverage, and spread the clean and straw ash insect protected protection against the tide of paddy worm.
Well-rotted farmyard manure of the present invention is to mix stack retting thoroughly to becoming thoroughly decomposed after mixing 100～150kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate by every 1000kg farmyard manure.
Farmyard manure of the present invention is cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit or chicken manure.
After seedling was planted, if there is seedling excessive growth, when expanding stage can not fade on time, paclobutrazol or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that should spray 300～400ppm were controlled seedling or pinch for 1～2 time.
The applicant passes through test, demonstration plant for many years, sums up planting technology of the present invention, has greatly improved the yield and quality of the red fragrant potato in light slope.The average individual plant knot of normal yield potato piece number is 2～3, average individual plant potato piece weight is 0.35～0.4kg, per mu yield potato piece 750～1000kg, the primes proportion of tying in the potato piece more than 30%, the seconds proportion is in 50% left and right, and three grades of product proportions are lower than 20%.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated for following examples, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
1) seedling is processed: select the red fragrant potato seedling in high-quality light slope, its first paragraph seedling of cutting is as seedling, every section long 4～6 joints of seedling with 80% chlorophos and 800 times of mixed liquid dipping 10min of 80% carbendazim, are then put the seedling head into and are soaked 1h in above-mentioned mixed liquor with preventing disease and pest;
2) site preparation and fertilization: select the high effluent field of crop rotation as the plantation field, soil condition is well-drained sandy loam, the plow harrow field, whole ground, open dressing furrow, ratio in 800kg/ mu equably swings in dressing furrow in by the strip mode crops straw and weeds, in the ratio of 500kg/ mu, well-rotted farmyard manure (well-rotted farmyard manure is by mixing stack retting thoroughly to becoming thoroughly decomposed after every 1000kg cow dung mixing 100kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate) is spread fertilizer over the fields in dressing furrow again, then open furrow, when opening furrow, earth turned over to dressing furrow and bury fertilizer, then draw Ni Chenglong, row spacing 1m wraps ditch, the high 0.3m in ridge,
3) plant: the seedling afterbody is basseted, and the whole levels of all the other stipes are buried in the earth 5cm, and all blades will basset, the single straight pendulum of seedling, and cross arrangement between seedling, Planting Densities is 3000 strain/mus, seedling is apart from more than base manure 16.5cm;
4) field management:
The management 4.1 topdress: when seedling grows 2 young leaves, need full field spray methane liquid to topdress for the first time for 1 time, each every mu of spray 20 loads; 40 left and right are planted in spring planting or fall planting, and the winter plants and plants 50～60 days, enter piece root expanding stage, need to carry out weeding, and open ditch at the ridge waist and topdress for the second time, every mu imposes potassium sulphate 25kg and phoxim particle 2kg, mix it thoroughly rear even bar and impose in ditch, large ridging after fertilising; If there is seedling excessive growth, when expanding stage can not fade on time, the paclobutrazol that should spray 300ppm was controlled seedling or pinches for 1 time;
4.2 water management: Seedling Stage should be controlled to water and prevent the excessive growth of potato seedling, and short its root system is grown downwards, and piece root expanding stage should keep ground moistening, just need to suitably water if soil is more dried, if field has ponding, needs timely draining;
4.3 the extermination of disease and insect pest: when virus disease, shot hole or soft rot plant occurring, should pull out at once and burn, and full field spraying pesticide, as elimination, but consecutive intervals sprinkling in 5 days is once, until eradicate; When the morbidity strain was virus disease, described agricultural chemicals was 600～800 times of liquid of 25% Buprofezin; When the morbidity strain was shot hole, described agricultural chemicals was 600 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; When the morbidity strain was soft rot, described agricultural chemicals was 600 times of liquid of 80% carbendazim.
Embodiment 2
1) seedling is processed: select the red fragrant potato seedling in high-quality light slope, its first paragraph seedling of cutting is as seedling, every section long 6 joints of seedling with 1000 times of mixed liquid dipping 10min of 20% Acetamiprid and 70% thiophanate methyl, are then put the seedling head into and are soaked 1h in above-mentioned mixed liquor with preventing disease and pest;
2) site preparation and fertilization: select the hillside fields of crop rotation as the plantation field, soil condition is well-drained loam, the plow harrow field, whole ground, open dressing furrow, ratio in 1000kg/ mu equably swings in dressing furrow in by the strip mode crops straw and weeds, in the ratio of 500kg/ mu, well-rotted farmyard manure (well-rotted farmyard manure is by mixing stack retting thoroughly to becoming thoroughly decomposed after every 1000kg sheep excrement mixing 150kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate) is spread fertilizer over the fields in dressing furrow again, then open furrow, when opening furrow, earth turned over to dressing furrow and bury fertilizer, then draw Ni Chenglong, row spacing 1.2m wraps ditch, the high 0.4m in ridge,
3) plant: seedling one joint is basseted, and the whole levels of all the other stipes are buried in the earth 8cm, and all blades will basset, the single straight pendulum of seedling, and cross arrangement between seedling, Planting Densities is 3300 strain/mus, seedling is apart from more than base manure 16.5cm;
4) field management:
The management 4.1 topdress: when seedling grows 3 young leaves, need the spray liquid dung to topdress for the first time for 2 times, each every mu of spray 30 loads; 40 left and right are planted in spring planting or fall planting, and the winter plants and plants about 50～60 days, enter piece root expanding stage, need to carry out weeding, and open ditch at the ridge waist and topdress for the second time, every mu imposes potassium magnesium sulfate 50kg and tea bran 25kg, mix it thoroughly rear even bar and impose in ditch, large ridging after fertilising; If there is seedling excessive growth, when expanding stage can not fade on time, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that should spray 400ppm was controlled seedling or pinches for 1～2 time;
4.2 water management: Seedling Stage should be controlled to water and prevent the excessive growth of potato seedling, and short its root system is grown downwards, and piece root expanding stage should keep ground moistening, just need to suitably water if soil is more dried, if field has ponding, needs timely draining;
4.3 the extermination of disease and insect pest: when virus disease, shot hole or soft rot plant occurring, should pull out at once and burn, and full field spraying pesticide, as elimination, but consecutive intervals sprinkling in 7 days is once, until eradicate; When the morbidity strain was virus disease, described agricultural chemicals was 800 times of liquid of 20% Acetamiprid; When the morbidity strain was shot hole, described agricultural chemicals was 800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; When the morbidity strain was soft rot, described agricultural chemicals was 800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl.
Embodiment 3
1) seedling is processed: select the red fragrant potato seedling in high-quality light slope, its first paragraph seedling of cutting is as seedling, every section long 5 joints of seedling with 900 times of mixed liquid dipping 10min of 20% Acetamiprid and 80% carbendazim, are then put the seedling head into and are soaked 1h in above-mentioned mixed liquor with preventing disease and pest;
2) site preparation and fertilization: select the smooth draining of field field of crop rotation slower paddy field as the plantation field, soil condition is well-drained sandy loam, the plow harrow field, whole ground, open dressing furrow, ratio in 900kg/ mu equably swings in dressing furrow in by the strip mode crops straw and weeds, in the ratio of 500kg/ mu, well-rotted farmyard manure (well-rotted farmyard manure is by mixing stack retting thoroughly to becoming thoroughly decomposed after every 1000kg chicken manure mixing 130kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate) is spread fertilizer over the fields in dressing furrow again, then open furrow, when opening furrow, earth turned over to dressing furrow and bury fertilizer, then draw Ni Chenglong, row spacing 1.1m wraps ditch, the high 0.4m in ridge,
3) plant: the seedling afterbody is basseted, and the whole levels of all the other stipes are buried in the earth 6cm, and all blades will basset, the single straight pendulum of seedling, and cross arrangement between seedling, Planting Densities is 3200 strain/mus, seedling is apart from more than base manure 16.5cm;
4) field management:
The management 4.1 topdress: when seedling grows 2 young leaves, need spray methane liquid or liquid dung to topdress for the first time for 1 time, each every mu of spray 25 loads; 40 left and right are planted in spring planting or fall planting, and the winter plants and plants 50～60 days, enter piece root expanding stage, need to carry out weeding, and open ditch at the ridge waist and topdress for the second time, every mu imposes potassium sulphate 25kg and tea bran 25kg, mix it thoroughly rear even bar and impose in ditch, large ridging after fertilising; If there is seedling excessive growth, when expanding stage can not fade on time, the paclobutrazol that should spray 350ppm was controlled seedling or pinches for 1～2 time;
4.2 water management: Seedling Stage should be controlled to water and prevent the excessive growth of potato seedling, and short its root system is grown downwards, and piece root expanding stage should keep ground moistening, just need to suitably water if soil is more dried, if field has ponding, needs timely draining;
4.3 the extermination of disease and insect pest: when virus disease, shot hole or soft rot plant occurring, should pull out at once and burn, and full field spraying pesticide, as elimination, but consecutive intervals sprinkling in 5～7 days is once, until eradicate; When the morbidity strain was virus disease, described agricultural chemicals was 700 times of liquid of 25% Buprofezin; When the morbidity strain was shot hole, described agricultural chemicals was 700 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; When the morbidity strain was soft rot, described agricultural chemicals was 20% limewash.
Claims (4)
1. the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in light slope is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) seedling is processed: select the red fragrant potato seedling in high-quality light slope, its first paragraph seedling of cutting is as seedling, every section long 4～6 joints of seedling, with 800～1000 times of mixed liquid dipping 10min of 80% chlorophos or 20% Acetamiprid and 80% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl, then the seedling head is put into and soaked 1h in above-mentioned mixed liquor with preventing disease and pest;
2) site preparation and fertilization: the paddy field of selection crop rotation or hillside fields are as the plantation field, soil condition is well-drained sandy loam, loam, the plow harrow field, whole ground, open dressing furrow, ratio in 800～1000kg/ mu equably swings in dressing furrow in by the strip mode crops straw and weeds, in the ratio of 500kg/ mu, well-rotted farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in dressing furrow again, then open furrow, when opening furrow, earth turned over to dressing furrow and bury fertilizer, then draw Ni Chenglong, row spacing 1～1.2m wraps ditch, the high 0.3～0.4m in ridge;
3) plant: seedling afterbody or a joint are basseted, and the whole levels of all the other stipes are buried in the earth 5～8cm, and all blades will basset, the single straight pendulum of seedling, cross arrangement between seedling, Planting Densities are 3000～3300 strain/mus, and seedling is apart from more than base manure 16.5cm;
4) field management:
The management 4.1 topdress: when seedling grows 2～3 young leaves, need spray methane liquid or liquid dung to topdress for the first time for 1～2 time, each every mu of spray 20～30 loads; After seedling is planted 40～60 days, enter piece root expanding stage, need to carry out weeding, and open ditch at the ridge waist and topdress for the second time, every mu imposes potassium sulphate 25kg or potassium magnesium sulfate 50kg and phoxim particle 2～5kg or tea bran 25kg, large ridging after fertilising;
4.2 water management: Seedling Stage should be controlled to water and prevent the excessive growth of potato seedling, and short its root system is grown downwards, and piece root expanding stage should keep ground moistening, just need to suitably water if soil is more dried, if field has ponding, needs timely draining;
4.3 the extermination of disease and insect pest: when virus disease, shot hole or soft rot plant occurring, should pull out at once and burn, and full field spraying pesticide, as elimination, but consecutive intervals sprinkling in 5～7 days is once, until eradicate; When the morbidity strain was virus disease, described agricultural chemicals was 600～800 times of liquid of 25% Buprofezin or 20% Acetamiprid; When the morbidity strain was shot hole, described agricultural chemicals was 600～800 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; The morbidity strain is when being soft rot, and described agricultural chemicals is 600～800 times of liquid or 20% limewash of 80% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate methyl.
2. the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in smooth slope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described well-rotted farmyard manure is to mix stack retting thoroughly to becoming thoroughly decomposed after mixing 100～150kg fused calcium magnesium phosphate by every 1000kg farmyard manure.
3. the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in smooth slope according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described farmyard manure is cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit or chicken manure.
4. the planting technology of the red fragrant potato in smooth slope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after seedling is planted, if there is seedling excessive growth, when expanding stage can not fade on time, paclobutrazol or the potassium dihydrogen phosphate that should spray 300～400ppm were controlled seedling or pinch for 1～2 time.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105461404A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-06 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Special fertilizer for Guangpo sweet potatoes planted in coastal acid-base lands |
| CN105557362A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Sweet potato bonsai preparation method |
| CN107624575A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-26 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of ipomoea batatas roots propagation method |
| CN107836311A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 杨欣仪 | A kind of implantation methods of organic sweet potato |
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| CN102369829A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for raising seedlings of purple sweet potatoes |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105461404A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-04-06 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Special fertilizer for Guangpo sweet potatoes planted in coastal acid-base lands |
| CN105557362A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Sweet potato bonsai preparation method |
| CN105557362B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-02-13 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of preparation method of sweet potato potted landscape |
| CN107624575A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-26 | 长葛市联发粮食专业合作社 | A kind of ipomoea batatas roots propagation method |
| CN107836311A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | 杨欣仪 | A kind of implantation methods of organic sweet potato |
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| CN103141285B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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