CN104381074A - Winter jujube culture method - Google Patents
Winter jujube culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104381074A CN104381074A CN201410566616.5A CN201410566616A CN104381074A CN 104381074 A CN104381074 A CN 104381074A CN 201410566616 A CN201410566616 A CN 201410566616A CN 104381074 A CN104381074 A CN 104381074A
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- winter jujube
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention relates to a winter jujube culture method, which comprises the following steps of S1, land selection: sandy loam or clay loam with irrigation and drainage convenience and thick soil layer is selected; S2, field planting: the tree seedling is soaked in clear water for 15 to 20 hours before the field planting; farm manure is applied before planting, then, the field planting is carried out, and the field planting depth does not exceed 3 to 4cm of the original ground plane; the sufficient water is watered in time after the field planting, and then, the tree disc is covered by a plastic film; S3, soil management: grass coverage and grass growth are carried out in a winter jujube orchard; S4, fertilizer application: fertilizers are applied for one to three times in each year, and the applied fertilizers include farm manure, urea, phosphate fertilizers and potash fertilizers; S5, disease and insect pest prevention and control. Winter jujubes obtained by the method are natural and pollution-free, the culture method is simple, the cost investment is low, and the yield of the winter jujubes is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation of a kind of fruit in agriculture field, be specifically related to a kind of technology of planting cultivation winter jujube.
Background technology
Winter, zizyphus was in Rhamnaceae, and of jujube tree kind that zizyphus is stingless is late-maturing eats improved seeds raw.Its fighting drought, Salt And Alkali Tolerance are very strong to the adaptability of soil.But it is planted in a good condition and can obtain higher economic flow rate.Current China does not also have the technology of set of system to cultivate natural nuisance-free, cost is low and income is high winter jujube to the implantation methods of winter jujube.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of winter jujube, the winter jujube natural nuisance-free of the method gained, breeding method is simple, and cost investment is low, and the Yield compari@of winter jujube is high.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A breeding method for winter jujube, described breeding method comprises the following steps:
S1: selection of land: select that irrigation and drainage are convenient, pH value 6 ~ 8.5, soil thickness in the sandy loam of more than 100cm or the soil of clay loam as the cultivation base of winter jujube, in described soil, total salt amount is below 0.3%, and chloride is lower than 0.1%;
S2: field planting: stayed by Secondary Branch the stubble of about 1cm all to cut, soaks 15 ~ 20 hours before field planting in clear water; Then more than the plane of original place, 65 ~ 80cm place does surely, and field planting hole is the square hole of the length of side 60 ~ 90cm, and before cultivation, apply farmyard manure, and is mixed with table soil by farmyard manure, then carries out field planting, and the field planting degree of depth is no more than original place plane 3 ~ 4cm; Sufficient water is watered in time, then with covered rearing with plastic film tree dish after field planting;
S3: soil management: carry out covering grass and sward in Dong Zao garden, described in cover grass thickness be 15 ~ 20cm, described sward be at winter jujube tree planting plants in the ranks, 1 year plant of planting for 2 ~ 4 times of harvesting, and by harvested vegetal cover to setting Pan Chu;
S4: fertilising: execute 1 ~ 3 fertilizer every year, institute's fertilise comprises farmyard manure, urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and its mass ratio is 90 ~ 120: 1 ~ 1.5: 1 ~ 1.5: 0 ~ 1, each fertilizing amount of every strain winter jujube is 1 ~ 5kg;
S5: the control of damage by disease and insect: control jujube rust, peach fruit borer, jujube food bud weevil, jujube ceroplastes floridensis, jujube cecidomyiia, oriental moth and hawthron spider mite.
Further, the amount that in step S2, before field planting, farmyard manure is executed in every strain is 20 ~ 30kg.
Further, described farmyard manure is wet chicken manure.
Further, in step S2, plantation density is: spacing in the rows and line-spacing are 2 ~ 3m × 3 ~ 4m.
Further, in step S3, described plant is alfalfa or clover.
Further, in step S4, each fertilizing amount of described every strain winter jujube of 1 ~ 2 year is 1 ~ 2kg.
Further, in step S4, the fertilizing amount that the winter jujube of described flowering stage or the phase of bearing fruit is each is 2 ~ 5kg.
The invention provides a kind of breeding method of winter jujube, its beneficial effect mainly had is: the winter jujube natural nuisance-free of the method gained, and breeding method is simple, and cost investment is low, and the Yield compari@of winter jujube is high; In addition build by modern the industrial scale plantation that garden, Soil and fertilizer management method etc. realize winter jujube, promote peasant employment, drive economic development, promote the upgrading of winter jujube plantation industrial transformation.
Embodiment
The breeding method of a kind of winter jujube described in the embodiment of the present invention, illustrates embodiment for specific experiment case below, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: selection of land
Select physical features smooth, have a good transport service, husky earth that irrigation and drainage are multiple functional to clay loam, soil thickness at more than 100cm, pH value below 8.5, preferably 6 ~ 8.5; Total salt amount is below 0.3%, and chloride is lower than 0.1%.
Embodiment 2: field planting
The planting generation of winter jujube has two, and one is before and after fallen leaves, and another is before and after germination; Nursery stock should be processed before field planting, preferably soaks 15 ~ 20 hours in clear water before field planting, is conducive to improving survival rate; Stay the stubble of about 1cm all to cut all Secondary Branchs, and arranged root system, then more than the plane of original place, about 65 ~ 80cm does surely; General 60 ~ 90cm is square in field planting hole, and must use sufficient base fertilizer before cultivation, general every strain applies farmyard manure 20 ~ 30kg, preferred 25kg, and this farmyard manure is preferably wet chicken manure; And mix with table soil.The field planting degree of depth is generally advisable to be no more than original place plane 3 ~ 4cm; Sufficient water should be watered in time after cultivation, be conducive to surviving, then with covered rearing with plastic film tree dish, the plastic film that preferred 1m is square.
The planting density spacing in the rows of winter jujube and line-spacing are generally all advisable with 2 ~ 3m × 3 ~ 4m, if carry out other plant of intercropping at jujube tree part, then spacing in the rows preferably 2 ~ 3m, line-spacing is 6 ~ 8m preferably, and interrow crop generally selects low bar economic crops.
Embodiment 3: temperature
Winter jujube is more responsive to thermotonus for vegetative period.When spring temperature reaches 16 ~ 23 DEG C, start to occur bud and enter the early flowering season, when about 25 DEG C, entering full-bloom stage, and the fruit ramp phase.In resting stage after fallen leaves, winter jujube has very strong cold-hartliness.
Embodiment 4: soil management
Soil management: carry out covering grass and sward in Dong Zao garden, the described thickness covering grass is 15 ~ 20cm, and weeds or stalk etc. all can be used to cover grass, and the evaporation discharge that grass can reduce ground 60% is covered in jujube garden, improve soil moisture content about 10%, the content of the soil organic matter can also be significantly improved.Described sward is at winter jujube tree planting plants in the ranks, and within 1 year, gather in the plant planted for 2 ~ 4 times, described plant comprises alfalfa, clover etc., and by harvested vegetal cover to setting Pan Chu.
Embodiment 5
Fertilising: autumn base manure, generally carry out in late September to mid-October; Every strain applies farmyard manure 20 ~ 35kg, adds the urea of 0.4kg and the diammonium phosphate of 0.4kg simultaneously; Second time fertilising carries out before jujube tree germination in mid-April, and farmyard manure 20 ~ 35kg, adds the potash fertilizer of the urea of 0.3kg, the diammonium phosphate of 0.3kg and 0.2kg simultaneously, the fertilizing amount treelet of general 1 ~ 2 year, and every strain is 1m place around 1 ~ 2kg, Shi Zhishu dish; The tree of flowering stage and phase of bearing fruit suitably should strengthen fertilizing amount, general 2 ~ 4kg; At the beginning of fertilising at the end of May to 6 month third time, namely jujube tree carries out before blooming, and general every strain applies urea 0.3 ~ 0.6kg.
Embodiment 6: jujube head pinching
By pinching, break and caused the prosperous length of jujube head because of apical dominance (stem apex containing higher growth hormone), made to nourish and grow in a period of time after pinching relatively weak, thus make nutrient turn to floral organ position, reach the object improving fruit-setting rate.
Embodiment 7: the control of damage by disease and insect
Main control jujube rust, peach fruit borer, jujube food bud weevil, jujube ceroplastes floridensis, jujube cecidomyiia, oriental moth and hawthron spider mite.
Jujube rust: remove and fall leaves and concentrate destruction, spray bordeaux mixture or triadimefon liquid during morbidity.
Peach fruit borer: combination in winter plane tree dish stirs the soil around trunk within the scope of 1m, worm cocoon of surviving the winter of freezing to death, 5 ~ 7 days spray pyrethrin pesticides behind young moth peak.
Jujube food bud weevil (also known as jujube flying elephant): the unearthed front Isofenphos methyl of adult closes ground around trunk, and at adult occurance peak spray phoxim or acephatemet liquid.
Jujube ceroplastes floridensis: wipe out worm branch in conjunction with the winter or wipe the female adult pest burning of surviving the winter off, when occurring serious, can spray speed and flutter a red-spotted lizard and kill or acephatemet.
Jujube cecidomyiia (also known as jujube bud maggot or leaf roll maggot): at larva hazard boom phase spray acephatemet liquid or isocarbophos liquid.
Oriental moth (also known as taking off silver coin or seta worm): wipe out worm cocoon of surviving the winter in conjunction with the winter, at Larvae occurrence time spray acephatemet liquid or pyrethrin pesticide.
Hawthron spider mite: strike off always stick up bark concentrate burn, the hazard boom phase spray " Shamanliguo " miticide for fruit tree or 20% reach mite spirit.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone for the present invention any modification done under enlightenment of the present invention or change, and every have identical with the application or akin technical scheme, all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a breeding method for winter jujube, is characterized in that: described breeding method comprises the following steps:
S1: selection of land: select that irrigation and drainage are convenient, pH value 6 ~ 8.5, soil thickness in the sandy loam of more than 100cm or the soil of clay loam as the cultivation base of winter jujube, in described soil, total salt amount is below 0.3%, and chloride is lower than 0.1%;
S2: field planting: stayed by Secondary Branch the stubble of about 1cm all to cut, soaks 15 ~ 20 hours before field planting in clear water; Then more than the plane of original place, 65 ~ 80cm place does surely, and field planting hole is the square hole of the length of side 60 ~ 90cm, and before cultivation, apply farmyard manure, and is mixed with table soil by farmyard manure, then carries out field planting, and the field planting degree of depth is no more than original place plane 3 ~ 4cm; Sufficient water is watered in time, then with covered rearing with plastic film tree dish after field planting;
S3: soil management: carry out covering grass and sward in Dong Zao garden, described in cover grass thickness be 15 ~ 20cm, described sward be at winter jujube tree planting plants in the ranks, 1 year plant of planting for 2 ~ 4 times of harvesting, and by harvested vegetal cover to setting Pan Chu;
S4: fertilising: execute 1 ~ 3 fertilizer every year, institute's fertilise comprises farmyard manure, urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and its mass ratio is 90 ~ 120: 1 ~ 1.5: 1 ~ 1.5: 0 ~ 1, each fertilizing amount of every strain winter jujube is 1 ~ 5kg;
S5: the control of damage by disease and insect: control jujube rust, peach fruit borer, jujube food bud weevil, jujube ceroplastes floridensis, jujube cecidomyiia, oriental moth and hawthron spider mite.
2. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the amount that in step S2, before field planting, farmyard manure is executed in every strain is 20 ~ 30kg.
3. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described farmyard manure is wet chicken manure.
4. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S2, plantation density is: spacing in the rows and line-spacing are 2 ~ 3m × 3 ~ 4m.
5. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S3, described plant is alfalfa or clover.
6. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S4, and each fertilizing amount of described every strain winter jujube of 1 ~ 2 year is 1 ~ 2kg.
7. the breeding method of winter jujube according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S4, the fertilizing amount that the winter jujube of described flowering stage or the phase of bearing fruit is each is 2 ~ 5kg.
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| CN201410566616.5A CN104381074A (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Winter jujube culture method |
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| CN201410566616.5A CN104381074A (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Winter jujube culture method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885860A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-09 | 黄达龙 | Hawthorn tree seedling method |
| CN105379596A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for increasing sand nursery stock survival rate through best grass cover amount |
| CN105409694A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-23 | 河南珍福农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for winter jujube tree |
| CN105557112A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for improving soil and increasing fertilizer through synergy of covering grass and inoculation |
| CN105993774A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 沾化县冬枣研究所 | Planting method for improving planting survival rate of winter jujube tree |
| CN106879338A (en) * | 2017-03-04 | 2017-06-23 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | The cultural method planted between two kinds of high quality grass and blue or green jujube tree |
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| CN103975814A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-13 | 常熟市梅李东鑫果禽生态专业合作社 | Planting method of winter jujube |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885860A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-09 | 黄达龙 | Hawthorn tree seedling method |
| CN105409694A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-23 | 河南珍福农业科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for winter jujube tree |
| CN105379596A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for increasing sand nursery stock survival rate through best grass cover amount |
| CN105557112A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for improving soil and increasing fertilizer through synergy of covering grass and inoculation |
| CN105993774A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 沾化县冬枣研究所 | Planting method for improving planting survival rate of winter jujube tree |
| CN106879338A (en) * | 2017-03-04 | 2017-06-23 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | The cultural method planted between two kinds of high quality grass and blue or green jujube tree |
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