CN105993774A - Planting method for improving planting survival rate of winter jujube tree - Google Patents
Planting method for improving planting survival rate of winter jujube tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993774A CN105993774A CN201610367714.5A CN201610367714A CN105993774A CN 105993774 A CN105993774 A CN 105993774A CN 201610367714 A CN201610367714 A CN 201610367714A CN 105993774 A CN105993774 A CN 105993774A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for improving the planting survival rate of a winter jujube tree. The method comprises the steps of seedling planting, ridging, film coating and bagging and comprises the specific steps that farmyard manure and soil exposed to the sun are sufficiently stirred to be uniform to a backfill hole bottom, then, the hole is filled with one layer of soil exposed to the sun, the soil flatly filled with loose pulverizing soil exposed to the sun after a seedling is placed into the hole, the seedling is lifted to ensure that a root system is stretched and the grafting position is exposed out of the ground, the soil is evenly treaded, a tree disk is managed, water spraying, soil leaching and preservation of soil moisture are carried out, irrigation and compaction are carried out, soil is loosened after 3-5 days, the tree disk is managed, ridging is carried out after the seedling is planted, the seedling arch back with soil is 15-30 m higher than the original ground, herbicide is sprayed, a mulching film is laid on each of the two sides of the seedling belt ridge, the winter jujube tree is clamped between the two mulching films, the planted seedling is bagged after being sprayed with insecticide, the top and the bottom are tied, the upper tying opening is 5-8 cm away from the top of the seedling, and the lower tying opening is located at the seedling rhizome portion. By means of the high-quality winter jujube seedling, by adopting a fine planting method combining ridging, film coating and bagging, the winter jujube tree survival rate is greatly improved, and the growth amount of the winter jujube tree in the same year is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of plant, be specifically related to a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate.
Background technology
Fructus Jujubae is high-quality late-maturing Zizyphus jujuba Mill kind, and fruit exactly likes griggles, and the thin meat of skin is crisp, the dense sweet micro-acid of taste, nutritious, especially rich in vitamin C, and every 100g sarcocarp 381mg Han vitamin C, there are " vitamin pill of living " and the title of " king of BAIGUO "；Fructus Jujubae, also rich in cyclic adenosine monophosphate, has the highest health value, therefore enjoys people to like.From the 90's Mos of last century, Fructus Jujubae is in China shaping and development upsurge, but, it is the fewest that the peasant in China's new development Fructus Jujubae producing region grasps Fructus Jujubae cultivation technique knowledge, cultivation technique is the deficientest, to there is survival rate relatively low in cultivation to cause Fructus Jujubae seedling, and plant strain growth is the most healthy and the strongest, cause producing exist serious yield poorly, the problem such as poor quality, not even result.Therefore, the cultivation technique solving Fructus Jujubae seedling becomes the task of top priority ensureing that China's Fructus Jujubae industry develops in a healthy way.
The dead strain in current newly-built Fructus Jujubae garden is serious, survival rate is low, traces it to its cause, and predominantly waters the most diligent or too many, intertills not in time, hardens serious, or it is too deep to bury soil during field planting, and root system is breathed freely bad, is choked to death；Or non-covering with plastic film after field planting, topsoil loosens, and water-retaining property is the poorest, and root system is withered because of drought and water shortage；Or the fertilising of field planting ditch is excessively concentrated and spreaded manuer in holes, produce fertilizer damage burning root lethal；Or temperature, air humidity and illumination condition and edaphic condition can not meet the demand of tree body.Although also there being some to improve the cultural method targetedly of jujube tree survival rate, but mostly only taking a bit, the most comprehensively, there is no the Comprehensive Control in details, causing Fructus Jujubae jujube tree survival rate the highest, even if survive, the increment of the first two years Fructus Jujubae tree is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above the problems of the prior art, the invention propose a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate, this method for planting not only improves raising planting survival rate, can increase again Fructus Jujubae tree increment then, haves laid a good foundation for planting the growing way after living.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate, step is as follows:
Seedling cave is cave, 50cm side, when digging cave, is divided with lower floor the moon soil by upper epidermis sun soil and puts, all take sun native when planting.
Nursery stock is before the pure Fructus Jujubae nursery stock seedling of high-quality without disease pest is planted, and hides, sprinkles water moisturizing below above seedling, and cultivation limit, limit takes covering.
(1) plant seedlings: farm manure and sun soil are fully mixed thoroughly at the bottom of backfill cave, it is further filled with one layer of sun soil, with loose broken sun soil, cave is filled and led up after putting Seedling, carry Seedling and basset at grafting guaranteeing that root system is unfolded, uniformly tread, arrange tree dish, trickle leaching soil soil moisture conservation, compacting of pouring water is carried out twice, two minor ticks 5-7 days, pour water and loosen the soil after 3-5 days after being compacted, arrange tree dish.
(2) ridging: ridging after transplanted seedling tree, makes the nursery stock band soil back of a bow higher than original ground 15-30cm.
(3) overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and ridge couples together about two mulch films, and live in lap-joint and ground film edge soil pressure, and jujube tree is clipped in the central authorities of two mulch films.
(4) bagging: carrying out bagging after carrying out the nursery stock planted spraying parasite killing, bag is Polypropylene Bag, upper and lower tying, and upper tying is from Seedling top 5-8cm, and lower tying is at nursery stock rhizome position.
Described bagging and overlay film are carried out simultaneously.
The present invention utilizes high-quality Fructus Jujubae nursery stock, when planting seedlings, farm manure and sun soil are fully mixed thoroughly at the bottom of backfill cave, it is further filled with one layer of sun soil, farm manure is directly contacted with isolation root system, avoiding fertilizer excessively to concentrate, it is lethal that jujube tree is burnt root by generation fertilizer damage, and farm manure can avoid soil block, comparing chemical fertilizer to avoid damaging Soil structure, the lasting period is longer；With loose broken sun soil, cave is filled and led up after putting Seedling, carry Seedling and basset at grafting guaranteeing that root system is unfolded, it is ensured that the breathability at root system and grafting, uniformly tread, arrange the leaching soil soil moisture conservation of tree dish trickle, compacting of pouring water, compacting of pouring water can be carried out twice, fixing jujube tree position, reduces skew.
Ridging after transplanted seedling tree, make the nursery stock band soil surface back of a bow higher than original ground about 20cm, form a furrow between nursery stock band, the gas permeability of soil after ridging, can be increased, adapt to jujube tree based on horizontal branch, breathe vigorous feature, beneficially jujube tree and survive and later growing way；It is easy to fertilising, the beneficially root system absorption to upper soll layer sun clay fertilizer power；Prevent the area that the long-term hydrops of tree dish, particularly clayed ground Fructus Jujubae garden and rainfall are big；It addition, easily facilitate overlay film after ridging.
Carry out overlay film after spray herbicide again, it is possible to reduce weedy after overlay film, affect the growth of seedling；On nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in the central authorities of two mulch films, and ridge couples together about two mulch films, and live in lap-joint and ground film edge soil pressure, soil moisture (i.e. soil moisture conservation), the beneficially decomposition of soil nutrient can be kept, suppression weed growth, pre-preventing disease and pest.Ridging combines overlay film, can improve ground temperature in early spring (can improve 3-5 DEG C), the beneficially new root of Fructus Jujubae Seedling and occur, improve survival rate.Ridging combines with overlay film, it is to avoid individually ridging causes root system arid, and soil salinity and alkalinity also can be increased the weight of in salt-soda soil.Sandy soil Di Zao garden because capability of anti-wind is poor, easily lodge, then unsuitable ridging.
Bagging is carried out after carrying out the nursery stock planted spraying parasite killing, occurring insect pest, upper and lower tying in avoiding bagging back pkt., upper tying is from Seedling top 5-8cm, lower tying is at nursery stock rhizome position, pressing close to mulch film, bagging can improve temperature and humidity, promotees bud and sprouts (with clear dry-mate connection, easily inspire out preferable major branch), greatly reduce tree body air-dry and moisture transpiration and bring jujube tree to drain the phenomena of mortality, carry out with overlay film simultaneously, improve planting survival rate and increase current increment.
Bagging and overlay film are carried out simultaneously, nursery stock branch on the ground and the temperature raising moisturizing simultaneously of underground root soil can be planted to new, rudiment on the ground, underground is promoted to take root, go to pull root system to germinate by sprouting growth, root growth can promote that again twig sprouts, and is finally reached the purpose (not only surviving but also grow) of many rudiments of taking root more.
If only overlay film not bagging, it may appear that though nursery stock has good survival rate, but twig sprouts few on the ground, long potential difference；If only bagging not overlay film, there will be nursery stock and return bud rate height, low (the reason: underground root soil does not has overlay film temperature raising moisturizing of survival rate, root system germinating is late, but on the ground under bagging temperature raising moisture-keeping function, depending merely on nursery stock itself and stock the sprouting of nutrition twig, growth a period of time nutrient water can not obtain root system and give material assistance to, cause back bud to drain death.
The present invention utilizes high-quality Fructus Jujubae nursery stock, take the fine method for planting that ridging, overlay film, bagging combine, both the survival rate of Fructus Jujubae tree was brought up to more than 98%, it is greatly increased again Fructus Jujubae tree increment then, increment then is improve about 35%, haves laid a good foundation for growing way and the Fructus Jujubae tree yield in early days of second and third year after planting work.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples are that the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: planting of Fructus Jujubae tree.
Place: Yu Yi village, Xia Wa town of Zhanhua district, Accessories during Binzhou, experimental field 70 mu, jujube tree 8000 strain of planting, plant 2012 time.
1, prepare before planting
(1) nursery stock is selected: for the pure Fructus Jujubae nursery stock of high-quality without disease pest.
(2) unified planning, leveling earth, ridging determine cave, seeding row spacing 2 × 3m.
(3) conscientiously digging cave: cave size is that 50cm is square, when digging cave, divided with lower floor the moon soil by upper epidermis sun soil and put, unified sun soil puts the edge, south in cave, and cloudy soil is put edge, north, all taken sun native when planting.
2, plant
(1) lifting: accomplishLimitLifting,LimitProtection,LimitThe most dry,LimitSealing wax,LimitRoot relief,LimitProcess (utilizing root-growing agent),LimitMoisturizing,LimitTransport,LimitPlant.
(2) plant measure
1. the nursery stock parcel shipped is deposited in the place that not busy room is shady and cool, carries out hiding above, ground watering moisturizing, be strictly on guard against that seedling root is rapid wet rapid dry.
2. the nursery stock transporting to the edge of a field being hidden in short-term, cultivation limit, limit takes, and is strictly on guard against the naked solarization of nursery stock.
The most finely plant: (the positive soil that the farm manure loose by 35 spades and 35 spades loosen fully is mixed thoroughly at the bottom of backfill cave in backfill, it is further filled with appropriate sun soil, agriculture is directly contacted fertile with isolation root system) → put Seedling (expanding cave when running into big root system to process) → banket (cave being filled and led up with loose broken sun soil) → carry Seedling (or the Seedling that quivers, ensureing that root system is unfolded and bassets at grafting) → (the most uniform) → arrange tree dish → trickle (leaching soil soil moisture conservation) → full garden of treading pours water compacting (carrying out setting-out for the second time for 7 days according to soil moisture content interval) → loosen the soil (when paint face's soil, after hydraulic pressure is real about 5 days) → arrange tree dish.
4. ridging: ridging after transplanted seedling tree, makes the nursery stock band soil back of a bow high about 20cm in surface, forms a furrow between nursery stock band.
5. overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in the central authorities of two mulch films, and ridge couples together about two mulch films, and live in lap-joint and ground film edge soil pressure.
6. bagging: first bagging prepares (bagging height 80cm, diameter 15cm, material is polypropylene)；Second, the nursery stock (determining to do and do clearly to complete before cultivation) planted is carried out spraying medicine, prevention Fructus Jujubae cecidomyiia (available No. 3 600 times of liquid of 25% d ichlorbenzuron)；3rd, carry out bagging；Finally, upper and lower tying (upper tying at nursery stock rhizome position, presses close to mulch film from Seedling top 5-8cm, lower tying).
8000 jujube trees survive 7943, and survival rate is 99.28%.
Claims (8)
1. the method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate, it is characterised in that step of planting is as follows:
(1) plant seedlings: farm manure and sun soil are fully mixed thoroughly at the bottom of backfill cave, it is further filled with one layer of sun soil, with loose broken sun soil, cave is filled and led up after putting Seedling, carry Seedling and basset at grafting guaranteeing that root system is unfolded, uniformly tread, arrange tree dish, trickle leaching soil soil moisture conservation, pour water compacting, loosen the soil after 3-5 days, arrange tree dish；
(2) ridging: ridging after transplanted seedling tree, makes nursery stock band soil surface higher than original ground 15-30cm；
(3) overlay film: after spray herbicide, on nursery stock band ridge, both sides respectively spread a mulch film, and jujube tree is clipped in the central authorities of two mulch films；
(4) bagging: carrying out bagging, upper and lower tying after carrying out the nursery stock planted spraying parasite killing, upper tying is from Seedling top 5-8cm, and lower tying is at nursery stock rhizome position.
A kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described compacting of pouring water is carried out twice, two minor ticks 5-7 days.
A kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cave is cave, 50cm side, when digging cave, is divided with lower floor the moon soil by upper epidermis sun soil and puts, all take sun native when planting.
4. a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: before seedling is planted, hiding above seedling, sprinkle water moisturizing below, cultivation limit, limit takes covering.
5. a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (3) couples together about two mulch films on ridge, and lives in lap-joint and ground film edge soil pressure.
6. a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: nursery stock used is the pure Fructus Jujubae nursery stock of high-quality without disease pest.
7. a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), the bag of bagging is Polypropylene Bag.
8. a kind of method for planting improving Fructus Jujubae tree planting survival rate as described in claim 1 or 5 or 7, it is characterised in that: described bagging and overlay film are carried out simultaneously.
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| CN106804372A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-09 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of winter jujube field management new method |
| CN107667685A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-09 | 潜山县绿锦源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method for planting for improving plant percent |
| CN109089820A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-28 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A method of improving jujube tree seedling planting survival rate |
| CN110881296A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-17 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Utilization method of waste mushroom sticks |
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| CN107667685A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-09 | 潜山县绿锦源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method for planting for improving plant percent |
| CN109089820A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-28 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A method of improving jujube tree seedling planting survival rate |
| CN110881296A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-17 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Utilization method of waste mushroom sticks |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |