CN107950281A - A kind of cultivation of special poplar forest of hickory chick and application process - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation of special poplar forest of hickory chick and application process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107950281A CN107950281A CN201711457125.7A CN201711457125A CN107950281A CN 107950281 A CN107950281 A CN 107950281A CN 201711457125 A CN201711457125 A CN 201711457125A CN 107950281 A CN107950281 A CN 107950281A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
Cultivation and application process the present invention relates to a kind of special poplar forest of hickory chick, belong to planting edible mushroom technical field.Technical solution is：It is early to select spring germination, the Poplar Cultivars in fall foliage evening；Plantation plot soil property is sandy loam, and soil property is fertile, and acid-base value is between 5 7.5；Willow is planted on plantation plot by seeding row spacing for 3 × 4 meters or 4 × 4 meters, every 20 mu are divided into a plantation cell, are equipped with an Operation road between each adjacent plantation cell, willow is cultivated more than 3 years.Planting site overlying soil plantation hickory chick of the annual autumn in special poplar forest.The positive effect of the present invention：Using existing Poplar Varieties, adapted varieties, suitable planting density and transform pattern are selected, suitable hickory chick cultivation under woods method, annual autumn earthing plantation hickory chick, not only realizes the increase of hickory chick yield, accomplish that product is high-quality, meet pollution-free food requirement.
Description
Technical field
Cultivation and application process the present invention relates to a kind of special poplar forest of hickory chick, belong to edible bacterium planting technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Morchella is in low temperature type edible fungus, and growth period, north of china in winter was very long, and winter temperature is extremely low more than 100 day,
Excessive temperature differentials, time in spring short suitable fruiting phase deficiency, hickory chick is rare edible and medical fungi again, and at present, the market price is higher.
The north, is grown under broad-leaved poplar forest mostly, usual all living creatures, in hayashishita if it find that one plant, may nearby find it is more,
The general wild mushroom 3-4 months, temperature reaches 25 degree or so and just starts to grow, and yield is relatively low.
The content of the invention
Cultivation and application process it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of special poplar forest of hickory chick, development utilization poplar forest are planted
Hickory chick is trained, has saved soil, increases standing crop, the special woods of hickory chick is developed, hickory chick industry development will be risen
To active promoting function, the above problem existing for background technology is solved.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of breeding method of the special poplar forest of hickory chick, it is characterised in that following steps：
1. select Poplar Varieties:It is early to select spring germination, the Poplar Cultivars in fall foliage evening；
2. selection plantation plot：Plantation plot soil property is sandy loam, and soil property is fertile, and acid-base value is between 5-7.5；
3. implantation methods：Willow is planted on plantation plot by seeding row spacing for 3 × 4 meters or 4 × 4 meters, every 20 mu are divided into one
Cell is planted, an Operation road is equipped between each adjacent plantation cell, willow is cultivated more than 3 years, and it is special to become hickory chick
Use poplar forest.
The special poplar forest, newly can plant or transform existing poplar forest.
When the plantation plot is sand bigger plot, soil improvement should be carried out, modification method is mixed for forest land per acre
Enter 20 side's loess or fine sediment of reservoir.
A kind of method using special poplar forest cultivation hickory chick, step are as follows：
1. hayashishita deinsectization：Pulverized limestone is sprinkled on plantation plot below special poplar forest, 150-250 grams of lime is applied per square meter
Powder, uniformly spreads on the ground, for sterilizing pesticide；
2. plough once and dry again 3-5 days；
3. apply fertilizer：1-2 days before hickory chick sowing, three element fertilizers of plantation plot application sulfur acid potassium, N in three element fertilizers,
P, the mass ratio of K is：15:15:15, every square metre applies 15-30 grams；Three element fertilizer mass ratioes, 3% phoxim is applied at the same time
Grain, every square metre applies 7-10 grams, for desinsection；Then spray water 10-15 minutes, water ooze it is rear it is secondary plough, it is spare；
4. culture bag makes：Hickory chick bacterium culture medium each component mass percent is as follows：Wheat 40%, wheat bran 10%, poplar bits
10%th, chestnut bits 30%, rice husk 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, lime 2%；Plant ash 1%, is first soaked wheat with clean water
Diel, adds poplar bits, chestnut bits, rice husk, calcium superphosphate, wheat bran, gypsum, plant ash, lime, water in material after mixing
Divide and account for 40%, stir evenly, load in refractory polyethylene bag, every bag of 0.5 kilogram of gross weight, tying；Disappeared by autoclave sterilizing
Poison, forms culture bag, spare；
5. hickory chick is sowed：In early October to mid-November, when the outdoor highest temperature reaches less than 20 degrees Celsius, broadcast
Kind；Hickory chick strain is uniformly sprinkling upon to the earth's surface in plantation plot, average every square metre is sowed seeds 0.5-0.6 kilograms；Finish hickory chick
After kind, covered tightly with black thin film, keep moisture, hole is manually pricked on black thin film；Black thin film be placed above sunshade net or
Covered tightly with geotextiles；After planting 7 days according to spraying water；
6. hickory chick manages and fruiting：Sowed 10-15 days in hickory chick, when mycelia covers with ground, open black thin film and above
Sunshade net or use geotextiles；The nutrient bag after disinfection is put on the ground in plantation plot, arrangement method is between nutrient bag
At intervals of 30 to 50 centimeters, place 1500-2000 bags, after discharging nutrient bag per acre, immediately by black thin film and sunshade net or
Geotextiles put back to origin-location and good with soil pressure, to prevent being run by wind；Before placing nutrient bag, the side of each nutrient bag is pricked more
Hole, is then close to the earth's surface for covering with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia by a hole；
7. overwinter management：When winter temperature is less than 2 degrees Celsius, overwinter management is carried out, with the screening of soil block by black thin film and above
Screened postive is compacted with geotextiles, prevents from being blown away；Carry out a moisturizing within every 20 days；
8. management of producing mushroom：Proceed by management of producing mushroom in the second year 3-4 months, when highest temperature stabilization more than 15 degrees Celsius, most
When low temperature reaches more than 5 degrees Celsius, sunshade net first by black thin film and above or hung up with geotextiles, away from ground height
Rope is tied up on willow at 2 meters, sunshade net then again by black thin film and above or is tied up with geotextiles on rope；On ground
Jet pipe is arranged on face, multiple jet pipes connect a looped pipeline, and multiple looped pipelines connect a supervisor；A master is arranged every 30-40 meters
Pipe, every 20 mu of plantations plot use a water pump, keep Surface Humid by spraying water, air humidity is maintained at 70%；
9. pest management：Low toxic pesticide is used in hickory chick sowing time, is done harm in fruiting phase using Dalmatian chrysanthemum class pesticide control
Worm, rejects ill hickory chick thalline in time；
10. picking, processing：After hickory chick is unearthed 10-20 days it is ripe, black, cellular is gradually become by sallow or brown in color
When highlighting abundant, harvesting in time, the hickory chick of harvesting carries out drying and processing.
The hickory chick sowing is divided into two methods：
1. with bacteria stick pulverizer by strain pulverization process, the strain after crushing is uniformly sprinkling upon ground, then with San Jiao Hoe or ridging
Machine is covered, and strain is sown into below soil layer 0-3 centimetres, then by 1-2 centimetres of strain surface cover topsoil；
2. being broadcast using ditch, kind of a planting ditch is opened on plantation plot, strain is uniformly sprinkling upon in kind of planting ditch, and the ditch depth for planting planting ditch does not surpass 10 public affairs
Point, the distance between two neighboring kind of planting ditch be not 15-20 centimeters super.
Before placing nutrient bag, make prick hole instrument first, rigidity nail is nailed on every 2 centimeters on plank, amount to 5-8
Hole, is then close to cover with sheep by rigidity nail, then the hole with the rigidity nail pricked on the instrument of hole nutrient bag side bundle more than 15
The earth's surface of tripe bacterium mycelia.
The positive effect of the present invention：Using existing Poplar Varieties, adapted varieties, suitable planting density and transformation mould are selected
Formula, suitable hickory chick cultivation under woods method, annual autumn earthing plantation hickory chick, not only realizes the increase of hickory chick yield, does
It is high-quality to product, meet pollution-free food requirement；Realize that hayashishita hickory chick yield is double, standing crop is doubled, and improves soil profit
With rate, high-yield and high-efficiency is realized, benefit is doubled, and improves hickory chick yield, increases standing crop, than not planting the increase of hickory chick plot
Standing crop 46%, environmental protection.
Embodiment
By embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of breeding method of the special poplar forest of hickory chick, step are as follows：
Suitable Poplar Varieties are selected, are germinateed with spring early, fall foliage evening is conducive to hickory chick growth and development Poplar Cultivars, with river
Exemplified by Bei Sheng Tangshan City Qianxi County, in a Poplar Varieties more than existing 20, it have selected 5 adapted varieties and be used for hickory chick cultivation specially
Developed with woods, wherein with Bohai Sea it is No. 1 rich, No. 2,107,108, italian poplar it is most appropriate.By Germicidal efficacy with sowing hickory chick
Block, standing crop have obvious growth, do not sow the plot standing crop annual increment of hickory chick less than 10-12%, plant sheep
The plot of tripe bacterium increases by 42.5%, why plants hickory chick compared with not planting plot, per acre more 4000 yuan of incomes；
Transform existing unsuitable production hickory chick poplar forest：By taking the Qianxi County of Tangshan, Hebei Province as an example, Luanhe River two sides willow just reaches
More than 10 ten thousand mu, be natural hickory chick treasure-house, and Poplar Varieties are very different, with reference to real current situation, transforms these low production forests, in plantation
Poplar Varieties are stated, using 3 × 4 meters or 4 × 4 meters of seeding row spacing, every 20 mu are a plantation cell, and design Operation road, husky
Property bigger plot carry out soil improvement, forest land mixes 20 side's loess or fine sediment of reservoir to modification method per acre, cultivate 3 years with
On, become hickory chick specialty poplar forest, it is spare.
A kind of method using special poplar forest cultivation hickory chick, step are as follows：
Select existing suitable planting plot：Select above-mentioned Poplar Varieties forest land plantation hickory chick, plot soil property is sandy loam, soil property
It is fertile, and acid-base value is between 5-7.5, it is most appropriate, lime less than 6.5 and adjust acid-base value.First by calcium lime powder water
Resolve into powdery, quick lime will select the block lime of no stone and impurity, secondly select forest land consider road, water source,
The actual conditions such as electric power facility.Road has been planned prior to seeding, accomplished that ride is unimpeded as far as possible, be readily transported goods and materials.Not yet
Have water condition will beat well at a glance according to every 20 mu prior to seeding.On the basis of road and water source is carried out, hayashishita hickory chick
Growing area will prepare according to electric power facility is actually carried out, to reduce production cost.Hickory chick is planted according to actual conditions, selection tree
More than age is raw in 3 years, seeding row spacing is between 3 × 4 meters or 4 × 4 meters, the relatively good forest form of growth conditions.
Hayashishita deinsectization：Ground is sprinkled into large quantities of lime powder first, general per 150-250 grams of square meter, 200-300 jins of mu dosage,
For sterilizing pesticide, plough once and dry again 3-5 days.
Fertilising：1-2 days before hickory chick sowing, then apply three element fertilizers of sulfur acid potassium（N：P：K=15:15:15）, often
Square metre 15-30 grams is applied, while apply 3% phoxim particle per 7-10 grams of square meter, for desinsection.Then spray water 10-15 points
Clock, water ooze it is rear it is secondary plough it is spare.
Hayashishita hickory chick is sowed：On the basis of the above, according to local climate situation, less than 20 degree are reached in temperature, Tangshan
Area is sowed with early October to mid-November, other areas are suitably adjusted according to local climate condition.Prior to seeding, broadcast
Kind all apparatuses are carried out disinfection cleaning with 3% potassium permanganate or edible mushroom thimerosal, then with clean gauze or towel wiping
It is dry.Hickory chick strain is uniformly sprinkling upon earth's surface, it is 400 jin or so per acre, every square metre 1-1.2 jins or so average, to cut down expenses,
Increase speed of drilling, can use waste bacterium rod pulverizer that strain pulverization process is uniformly sprinkling upon ground powder good strain, then use triangle
Hoe drag hooks simultaneously cover, and strain is sown into 0-3 cm layer of soil, 1-2 centimetres of lid top layer, it is also possible to which banking machine is guarded against and covered.According to
Hickory chick habit, likes in kind of planting ditch and ditch two is helped to grow, and can also be broadcast using ditch, to increase the yield per unit area, ditch
Deep not surpass 10 centimeters, two ditches distance is not advisable for super 15-20 centimeters, is covered tightly in time with black thin film after finishing kind of hickory chick, keeps
Moisture, manually pricks hole on film, and fruiting can be promoted by manually pricking hole, increase hickory chick yield, hickory chick strain described above
For solid spawn.Through experiment, Manual punching increases by more than 20% yield than shifting to an earlier date film perforating, after having beaten hole, immediately by shading screen
Cover the anti-direct sunlight sterilization of heat and moisture preserving.Sunshade net selects six pins to encrypt, or is covered tightly with 200 grams of geotextiles, 7 days foundation soil after broadcasting
Earth soil moisture content humidity condition is sprayed water, in the winter time according to specific precipitation event moisturizing 1-2 times.
Culture bag makes：The formula of hickory chick bacterium culture medium is：Each component mass percent is as follows：Wheat 40%, wheat bran
10%th, poplar bits 10%, chestnut bits 30%, rice husk 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, lime 2%；Plant ash 1%, uses clean water first
Wheat is soaked into diel, adds poplar bits, chestnut bits, rice husk, calcium superphosphate, wheat bran, gypsum, plant ash, lime, is mixed
Moisture accounts for 40% in material afterwards, stirs evenly, and loading is resistance to be continued to stir, and is then charged into refractory polyethylene bag, every bag of gross weight 1
Jin, a traditional unit of weight, last tying, by autoclave sterilization, forms culture bag, spare.
Hickory chick manages and fruiting：10-15 days mycelia of general hickory chick sowing cover with ground and are mature on the whole, you can put use
Nutrient bag after autoclave sterilization, it is desirable to which nutrient bag formula is consistent with strain formula, and nutrient bag quantity need to be the 3 of hickory chick strain
Times.General 1500-2000 bag of nutrient bag of mu, then before putting nutrient bag, followed closely first with 1 cun of nail on plank, plank length 3-4
Centimetre, then nail on rigidity nail every 2 centimeters or so on plank, about 5-8, then with nailing on the plank of nail nutrition
15 or so apertures are pricked in bag side, then hole is close to the earth's surface for covering with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia.Arrangement method, puts every 30 to 50 centimeters
One nutrient bag is 1500-2000 bags general per acre.Nutrient bag is discharged, immediately puts back to mulch and sunshade net or geotextiles originally
Position is simultaneously good with soil pressure, to prevent being run by wind.
Overwinter management：Winter temperature just carries out overwinter management when being less than 2 degree, and running check, prevents sunshade net and film quilt
Wind is blown away.If there is no effective rainfall for a long time（Snow）Moisturizing is just needed, every 20 days or so according to field humidity or degree of drought
Water.
Management of producing mushroom：When temperature stabilization is at 15 degree or so, low temperature reaches more than 5 degree, generally with Tangshan, Hebei Province Qianxi
Exemplified by county, management of producing mushroom is proceeded by the second year 3-4 months, is first begin to hang up sunshade net, first rope at high 2 meters away from setting
Sunshade net in the tree, is then sewn on rope by subsystem by sunshade net with nylon cable tie or cotton rope again, and cloth of making the best use of time is good micro-
Jet pipe band, is responsible for together every 30-40 meters of arrangements, and looped pipeline puts one of micro-nozzle band according to tree line-spacing less than 4 meters, higher than 4 meters
Put twice micro-nozzle band, fine-spraying belt is with 1.2 cun, and 7 hole hydrophthalmias are best, and every 20 mu are a unit, use a water pump, root
According to field humidity situation, spray 3-5 minutes, keep Surface Humid for a long time, air humidity is maintained at 70% or so.Build Small plastic shed:For
Increase yield according to grower's economic situation, build Small plastic shed before second year April, Small plastic shed stent selects convenient disassembly
Cold wire drawing, it is general 5-6 meters long, it is every 50 centimeters one, then shading net or geotextiles are laid in above, taken after Small plastic shed and
When water spray facility laid fine-spraying belt by the above.Small plastic shed will carry out ventilation in time, be carried out at noon when temperature is low, temperature
Carried out when spending high in the morning and evening.Aeration-cooling put is hit out when never temperature is high at noon.Under normal circumstances, generally in fruiting pipe
There is mushroom flower bud in 20 or so days of reason, harvest successively within 20-40 days or so, and because of undergrowth environment change greatly, first flower bud phase is longer.
Pest management：In growth course also as other plant, pest and disease damage can all occur hickory chick for the season of growth, it is necessary to
Aim at prevention, in addition to low toxic pesticide is used in sowing time, Dalmatian chrysanthemum class pesticide control pest is used in fruiting phase, it is secondly pre-
High temperature-proof, timely spray cooling at high temperature, to falling ill, thalline is picked in time.
Picking in time, processing, 10-20 days maturations after hickory chick entity is unearthed, are gradually become in color by sallow or brown
Black, cellular to harvest in time when highlighting abundant, adopting mushroom is cut or extracted at 1 centimeter away from ground or so with pocket knife or scissors,
Then gently it is put into basket, the hickory chick cut will transport cultivation area in time and carry out drying and processing.
Plantation of the present invention also by geotextiles with hickory chick.
In embodiment, after finishing hickory chick kind, covered tightly with black thin film, keep moisture, on black thin film manually
Prick hole；Covered tightly above black thin film with geotextiles.Prior art cultivates hickory chick, uses sunshade net mostly and is situated between to cover, shading
Matter, sunshade net shading effect is not highly desirable, and most distinct disadvantage is non-refractory, not water conservation, not wind resistance, intolerant to sunlight
The shortcomings of, being used for geotextiles of the invention cultivates hickory chick, helps to improve yield, increases economic benefit, saving
About there is its significance in terms of land used and environmental protection.
Using geotextiles cultivate hickory chick, solve hickory chick cultivation sunshade net shade existing for more disadvantage, with soil
Hickory chick is not only windproof for the cultivation of work cloth, solar heat protection, cold-proof, increases blockclimate, keeps field capacity, is conducive to hickory chick life
Production, increases the yield per unit area, and reduces production cost, can be used more than 5 years using proper, not only reduce plant cost,
And facility land utilization ratio is improved, realize high-yield and high-efficiency, benefit is doubled.
Specific implementation method is as follows：Select the specification of geotextiles, by existing development hickory chick mode and cultural method, through with
Different geotextiles controls, the geotextiles that weight per square meter reaches 200 grams are relatively adapted to development hickory chick production, less than 200 grams,
Pulling force deficiency, higher than 200 grams of weight, why increase cultivation cost, select 200 grams of weight per square meter the most suitable, length
Depending on canopy room length used, jack to jack adapter three is advisable with mushroom shed using best 30-33 meters of length, and cultivation under woods is planted according to forest land
Plant line-spacing determines geotextiles length and width, generally adds two meters of calculating width with line-spacing, length is most long no more than 40 meters, surpasses
40 meters of spray water belts are crossed because of insufficient pressure, spraying water, it is vaporific not reach, unfavorable to hickory chick comparision of production；Geotextiles generally use 5-6
Rice is wide to be advisable, and because in the market does not have the geotextiles specification of suitable hickory chick production, to carry out the contact with manufacturer in advance, fixed
Do and be adapted to oneself develop hickory chick specification product.
Geotextiles application method：The geotextiles for setting size from side or while geotextiles are laid in by jack to jack adapter three with canopy
On whole canopy, in order to divulge information conveniently, card slot is installed in 80 centimetre -100 from canopy centimeters, geotextiles are fixed, what is completed
Canopy top puts single line rope or pressing mold line every 2 meters, prevents strong wind from blowing away.Note that either Small plastic shed or jack to jack adapter three is with canopy
Geotextiles are spread, not overexerting, it is bad by geotechnological Bradley to prevent.
Hickory chick is transplanted using geotextiles：Take into full account the habit of hickory chick, hickory chick is transplanted with geotextiles,
Consider geotextiles, ventilative, water suction, warming and protection effect, to suitably reducing water spray number using geotextiles plant hickory chick, adjust
Humidity in canopy is saved, black thin film is opened ahead of time, pours water in due course.
Original canopy room inspection is repaired in advance spare, do not build up building up canopy before fruiting for canopy room, when building canopy,
It is noted that choosing place, can be poured when can be arranged when being generally selected in lax soil, half light, flood, is non-irrigated, water resource is enriched, road traffic side
Just, canopy is built in the place for being readily transported the various means of production and product, and hayashishita will publish the woods that bud is early, fallen leaves are late and be used as cultivation
Ground, is desirable to consider forest track, well and situations such as electric power facility in hayashishita.
Site preparation is sowed, and booth cultivation hickory chick, will consider antagonism of the first crop crop to hickory chick, if planting other
Mushroom, removes give up rod and bacterium health of original mushroom, and with lime sterilization, it is newly native to backfill no miscellaneous bacteria, then the carry out two that limes
All over sterilization, higher effective and lower toxic pesticide is spread after ploughing once again and carries out deinsectization, ground can be handled with mini-tiller in canopy room, manually
Ground is hugged flat spare, hayashishita, which is selected, did not plant the plot of hickory chick, and herbicide weed eradication can be used in weed growth season
Or processing weeds are turned over rotary cultivator, after 2 months weeds are rotted, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is suitably reduced, by stone before October
Ash is sprinkled upon ground surface and turns over once, sprinkles higher effective and lower toxic pesticide in a few days and carries out deinsectization, turns over once, in a few days potassium sulfate
Composite fertilizer, which is sprinkled into ground, turns over and makes preparations for sowing.
Sowing, in view of manually breaking into pieces with one's fingers, strain is time consuming, and most handy pulverizer generally uses strain pulverization process, pulverizer
Useless bacterium bag processing equipment.Sowing employing mode is broadcast for ditch or drilling, and after finishing seed, 2-3 centimetres of earthing, finishes rear spreading,
Then punched again on mulch, have certain facilitation to hickory chick morning fruiting, raising yield through experimental labor's punching.
According to soil moisture content after sowing 10 days, if arid sprays a water, but it is not too big, put nutrient bag, mu within 15 days or so in sowing
With nutrient bag 2000 or so, hayashishita after planting promptly completes geotextiles, forbids long-time sunlight.
Open flow water bag, water pipe or water band to ensure hickory chick normal growth, completed or hung up properly after planting, hayashishita is going out
Water band is laid in furrow face before mushroom management, geotextiles are laid on Small plastic shed in or so March spring in the coming year.
Management of producing mushroom, northern hayashishita management of producing mushroom can be selected in April, and at this moment temperature gos up very fast, and brooder was in sowing 60 days
Left and right can carry out management of producing mushroom, and cold canopy sets the management of producing mushroom time according to canopy room temperature and administrative situation, into management of producing mushroom
Phase, poured once according to humidity in canopy it is permeable, thereafter keep canopy room humidity, daily spray 2-5 minutes or so small water, former base after more than 10 days
Formed, diminishing, or cut off the water until former base rises into by the small mushroom for having mushroom to push up, that is, waters 1-2 times during the long fruiting top of former base, is no more than
5 minutes or so, continue to keep canopy room humidity, above-mentioned water spray refers to atomizing spray, prevents spray flood.Treat that hickory chick is increased to by Huang
Blackening, picking after mushroom concave-convex surface place is obvious, the mushroom under adopting will handle with care, and drying and processing in a short time, wait to do
10-20 jins of plastic bag classifications of the mushroom handled well are installed afterwards, are tight for sale, the hickory chick of storage wants running check, prevents
Go mouldy, is infested.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. breeding method of the special poplar forest of hickory chick, it is characterised in that following steps：1. select Poplar Varieties:It is early to select spring germination, the Poplar Cultivars in fall foliage evening；2. selection plantation plot：Plantation plot soil property is sandy loam, and soil property is fertile, and acid-base value is between 5-7.5；3. implantation methods：Willow is planted on plantation plot by seeding row spacing for 3 × 4 meters or 4 × 4 meters, every 20 mu are divided into one Cell is planted, an Operation road is equipped between each adjacent plantation cell, willow is cultivated more than 3 years, and it is special to become hickory chick Use poplar forest.
- A kind of 2. breeding method of the special poplar forest of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The special poplar The woods, both can newly carry, and can also transform existing poplar forest.
- A kind of 3. breeding method of the special poplar forest of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The planting site When block is sand bigger plot, soil improvement should be carried out, modification method mixes 20 side's loess for forest land per acre or reservoir becomes silted up Mud.
- 4. a kind of method using special poplar forest cultivation hickory chick, the special poplar for selecting claim 1-3 any one to cultivate The woods cultivate hickory chick, it is characterised in that following steps：1. hayashishita deinsectization：Pulverized limestone is sprinkled on plantation plot below special poplar forest, 150-250 grams of lime is applied per square meter Powder, uniformly spreads on the ground, for sterilizing pesticide；2. plough once and dry again 3-5 days；3. apply fertilizer：1-2 days before hickory chick sowing, three element fertilizers of plantation plot application sulfur acid potassium, N in three element fertilizers, P, the mass ratio of K is：15:15:15, every square metre applies 15-30 grams；Three element fertilizer mass ratioes, 3% phoxim is applied at the same time Grain, every square metre applies 7-10 grams, for desinsection；Then spray water 10-15 minutes, water ooze it is rear it is secondary plough, it is spare；4. culture bag makes：Hickory chick bacterium culture medium each component mass percent is as follows：Wheat 40%, wheat bran 10%, poplar bits 10%th, chestnut bits 30%, rice husk 5%, calcium superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, lime 2%；Plant ash 1%, first with clean water by wheat and leaching Diel is steeped, poplar bits, chestnut bits, rice husk, calcium superphosphate, wheat bran, gypsum, plant ash, lime are added, after mixing in material Moisture accounts for 40%, stirs evenly, and loads in refractory polyethylene bag, every bag of 0.5 kilogram of gross weight, tying；Disappeared by autoclave sterilizing Poison, forms culture bag, spare；5. hickory chick is sowed：In early October to mid-November, when the outdoor highest temperature reaches less than 20 degrees Celsius, broadcast Kind；Hickory chick strain is uniformly sprinkling upon to the earth's surface in plantation plot, average every square metre is sowed seeds 0.5-0.6 kilograms；Finish hickory chick After kind, covered tightly with black thin film, keep moisture, hole is manually pricked on black thin film；Black thin film be placed above sunshade net or Covered tightly with geotextiles；After planting 7 days according to spraying water；6. hickory chick manages and fruiting：Sowed 10-15 days in hickory chick, when mycelia covers with ground, open black thin film and above Sunshade net or use geotextiles；The nutrient bag after disinfection is put on the ground in plantation plot, arrangement method is between nutrient bag At intervals of 30 to 50 centimeters, place 1500-2000 bags, after discharging nutrient bag per acre, immediately by black thin film and sunshade net or Geotextiles put back to origin-location and good with soil pressure, to prevent being run by wind；Before placing nutrient bag, the side of each nutrient bag is pricked more Hole, is then close to the earth's surface for covering with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia by a hole；7. overwinter management：When winter temperature is less than 2 degrees Celsius, overwinter management is carried out, with the screening of soil block by black thin film and above Screened postive is compacted with geotextiles, prevents from being blown away；Carry out a moisturizing within every 20 days；8. management of producing mushroom：Proceed by management of producing mushroom in the second year 3-4 months, when highest temperature stabilization more than 15 degrees Celsius, most When low temperature reaches more than 5 degrees Celsius, sunshade net first by black thin film and above or hung up with geotextiles, away from ground height Rope is tied up on willow at 2 meters, sunshade net then again by black thin film and above or is tied up with geotextiles on rope；On ground Jet pipe is arranged on face, multiple jet pipes connect a looped pipeline, and multiple looped pipelines connect a supervisor；A master is arranged every 30-40 meters Pipe, every 20 mu of plantations plot use a water pump, keep Surface Humid by spraying water, air humidity is maintained at 70%；9. pest management：Low toxic pesticide is used in hickory chick sowing time, is done harm in fruiting phase using Dalmatian chrysanthemum class pesticide control Worm, rejects ill hickory chick thalline in time；10. picking, processing：After hickory chick is unearthed 10-20 days it is ripe, black, cellular is gradually become by sallow or brown in color When highlighting abundant, harvesting in time, the hickory chick of harvesting carries out drying and processing.
- A kind of 5. method using special poplar forest cultivation hickory chick according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The sheep The sowing of tripe bacterium is divided into two methods：1. with bacteria stick pulverizer by strain pulverization process, the strain after crushing is uniformly sprinkling upon ground, then with San Jiao Hoe or ridging Machine is covered, and strain is sown into below soil layer 0-3 centimetres, then by 1-2 centimetres of strain surface cover topsoil；2. being broadcast using ditch, kind of a planting ditch is opened on plantation plot, strain is uniformly sprinkling upon in kind of planting ditch, and the ditch depth for planting planting ditch does not surpass 10 public affairs Point, the distance between two neighboring kind of planting ditch be not 15-20 centimeters super.
- A kind of 6. method using special poplar forest cultivation hickory chick according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Place battalion Before supporting bag, make prick hole instrument first, rigidity nail is nailed on every 2 centimeters on plank, amount to 5-8 rigidity nail, then use The rigidity nail pricked on the instrument of hole pricks nutrient bag side in more than 15 hole, then hole is close to the ground for covering with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia Table.
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| CN108522153A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-14 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A method of utilizing liquid spawn fast-propagation hickory chick cultigen |
| CN109006194A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-18 | 赵金亮 | A kind of high yield technique of the high imitating wild planting hickory chick of north hayashishita |
| CN109042062A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-21 | 重庆硒旺华宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficiency cultivation technology for high of imitative wild toadstool |
| CN109348991A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of hickory chick and its cultural method being suitble in the hayashishita growth of cold ground |
| CN110024616A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | A method of plantation hickory chick |
| CN110169306A (en) * | 2019-06-23 | 2019-08-27 | 香格里拉市山南湾农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of hickory chick |
| CN110495346A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-26 | 重庆玖旺食品有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse gardening method of hickory chick |
| CN110495345A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 山东金太阳农业发展有限公司 | A kind of vertical bag cultivating high yield technique of edible mushroom sheep tripe ear Bag Material |
| CN111165267A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Ecological planting method for interplanting morchella under straw and fruit forest |
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| CN108522153A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-09-14 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A method of utilizing liquid spawn fast-propagation hickory chick cultigen |
| CN109006194A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-18 | 赵金亮 | A kind of high yield technique of the high imitating wild planting hickory chick of north hayashishita |
| CN109042062A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-21 | 重庆硒旺华宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of efficiency cultivation technology for high of imitative wild toadstool |
| CN109348991B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-11-24 | 东北农业大学 | Morchella esculenta suitable for growing in cold region forest and cultivation method thereof |
| CN109348991A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-02-19 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of hickory chick and its cultural method being suitble in the hayashishita growth of cold ground |
| CN110024616A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 上海市农业科学院 | A method of plantation hickory chick |
| CN110169306A (en) * | 2019-06-23 | 2019-08-27 | 香格里拉市山南湾农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of hickory chick |
| CN110495345A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-26 | 山东金太阳农业发展有限公司 | A kind of vertical bag cultivating high yield technique of edible mushroom sheep tripe ear Bag Material |
| CN110495346A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-26 | 重庆玖旺食品有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse gardening method of hickory chick |
| CN111165267A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-19 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Ecological planting method for interplanting morchella under straw and fruit forest |
| CN113141971A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Wild-simulated three-dimensional ecological planting method for Morchella-Gastrodia elata interplanting and crop rotation |
| CN114175965A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-15 | 林建伟 | Edible fungus hole-fixing rapid fruiting method |
| CN116530361A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-08-04 | 内蒙古绿新园林绿化有限责任公司 | Greenhouse planting production method for Morchella in winter and spring |
| CN116530361B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-15 | 内蒙古绿新园林绿化有限责任公司 | Greenhouse planting production method for Morchella in winter and spring |
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