CN105309176A - A high-efficiency planting method for radix bupleuri - Google Patents
A high-efficiency planting method for radix bupleuri Download PDFInfo
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- CN105309176A CN105309176A CN201410791908.9A CN201410791908A CN105309176A CN 105309176 A CN105309176 A CN 105309176A CN 201410791908 A CN201410791908 A CN 201410791908A CN 105309176 A CN105309176 A CN 105309176A
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
A high-efficiency planting method for radix bupleuri comprises the steps of land selection, fertilization, soil preparation, seed selection and germination acceleration, seed sowing and film mulching, intertillage weeding as well as thinning and complementary planting, stem control and pinching, flower bud removal and root promoting, topdressing, disease and pest control, harvesting and processing. The method relates to such links as land selection, seed selection and germination acceleration, seed sowing, seedling growing, field management and disease and pest control, shortens the period from planting to harvesting digging of radix bupleuri and enables radix bupleuri to be harvested after radix bupleuri grows for one year. With the method, the germination time of seeds of radix bupleuri is 12 days, with the germination ratio being 95%, and the input is small and the yield is high. The method can increase the content of saponin, reduce the lignification degree of roots, increase the utilization efficiency of land and bring satisfactory economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Bupleurum Species method for planting, especially a kind of radix bupleuri high-efficiency grow method.
Background technology
The market supply and demand: radix bupleuri is used in China as medicinal material long tradition.In recent years, the long-term demand in radix bupleuri market is more than 10000 tons, and wherein in family, radix bupleuri is in large supply about 5500 tons/year, and wild resource supply is probably at 4500 tons/year.Along with wild resource gradually reduces in recent years, and old traditional planting models, there is plantation inefficiency, the feature of deficiency in economic performance, peasant planting enthusiasm is not high yet.How taking the more efficient cropping pattern of one, is solve the key issue that current radix bupleuri market supply faces shortage.
Tradition plantation: be divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing two kinds of modes by the sowing time.Spring sowing starts to carry out in the first arrival mid or late April in March of First Year, and autumn sowing carried out before mid-October of First Year freezes to soil.The time of excavating of sowing in spring carries out 10 the first tenday period of a month of the 3rd year.Time of excavating of autumn sowing is then carry out the early October of the 3rd year.
Other crops of radix bupleuri are interplanted: as radix bupleuri and wheat interplant, radix bupleuri and interplanting corn, radix bupleuri and soybean are interplanted, and are all generally interplant one batch at First Year.The growth cycle of radix bupleuri remains 2 years or 3 years.
The main component of radix bupleuri: in radix bupleuri root, main component is saikosaponin saikoside is also the principle active component of radix bupleuri.Research shows, the content of annual total saikosaponins exceeds 33.3% than the content of biennial total saikosaponins, and degree of lignification the latter of root is relatively high; So annual radix bupleuri root should have more medical value theoretically.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of radix bupleuri high-efficiency grow method, solve traditional cultivation method and cause the problem that the growth of Bupleurum cycle is long, Content of Saikosaponin is low and USE RIGHT OF LAND FLOWING is low.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of radix bupleuri high-efficiency grow method, and concrete steps are as follows:
A. selection of land: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, draining good, irrigate sand plantation easily; Soil with organic matter content is more than 1%, and available phosphorus contents is 0.6%, and thickness of soil is 0.5 ~ 1 meter, and subterranean water level is within 3.5 meters, and P in soil H value is 6.5 ~ 8.2, and total salt amount is within 0.3%;
B. apply fertilizer: according to soil property and fertilizer conditions, every mu of organic fertilizer material is 1800 ~ 2100 kilograms, superphosphate 8 ~ 11 kilograms, and diammonium phosphate 14 ~ 16 kilograms, evenly spills into ground;
C. wholely: radix bupleuri is root class medicinal material, require deep ploughing thin rake during whole ground, soil layer ploughs deeply 30 centimetres, and rake is carefully raked, and makes the high furrow in wide, high 30 centimetres of 1 meter, furrow face;
D. seed selection and vernalization: 24 hours are soaked to seed with the warm water of 30 ~ 40 DEG C, then the blighted grain seed swimming in the water surface is pulled out, the good seed sunk to the bottom is pulled out and slightly dries in the air, 23 ~ 24 hours are soaked again with the 6-BA soak that mass concentration is 0.05%, finally soak seed 15 ~ 18 seconds with the potassium permanganate that mass concentration is 0.8 ~ 1.2%, take out, rinse well, then add 4 parts of damp sands with 1 part of seed to be placed in container and to put to the environment vernalization of 20 ~ 25 DEG C, after 12 days, can sowing be taken out when breach appears in the seed of 40%;
E. sowing, overlay film: annual early March sowing, shallow ridges is opened by line-spacing 20 centimetres, ditch depth 2 centimetres, the seed processed fully is mixed thoroughly by 2 ~ 2.5 kilograms every mu ash with 10 ~ 12.5 kilograms, be spread in ditch, because radix bupleuri seed is small and light, sow seeds for 2-3 time so can divide at seeding time, concrete grammar is: first determine the area that need sow, and seeding quantity accounts for 1/2 or 1/3 of sum for the first time, divides till evenly having been spread by seed for 2 times or 3 times, earthing 0.5 cm thick, to suppress a little, spray moisture, immediately covering with plastic film, heat and moisture preserving; Overlay film is timely rupture of membranes after within 10 ~ 12 days, emerging, and prevents seedling from burning to death; After treating that ambient temperature is stable, then remove mulch film, be conducive to Growth of Seedling;
F. intertill and clean tillage, thinning, to fill the gaps with seedlings: in conjunction with thinning weeding after emerging, general weeding 3-4 time, accomplishes that field is without weeds; Carry out first time intertill and clean tillage as height of seedling 3-6 centimetre, carry out second time intertillage when height of seedling 10 centimetres, later monthly weeding 1 time; Carry out thinning during high 10 centimetres of seedling, fill the gaps with seedlings, every mu of ground stays seedling about 14000 ~ 15000 strain, and seedling strain spacing is 5 ~ 7 centimetres, not overstocked, water 1 time permeable;
G. control stem, pinching and urge root except flower bud: must pinch when seedling plant height 40 centimetres, also constantly will remove the unnecessary stem eye that grows thickly simultaneously, impel root ramp; Before blooming, timely pinching is except bud, prevents bolting from blooming, can promote that the accumulation of plant root nutrition is expanded; Beating a kind of sedge in time is also the effective measures improving radix bupleuri seed output and quality;
H. topdress: combine during high 10 centimetres of seedling and water, every mu imposes pure N is 2.5 ~ 3 kilograms; 1 liquid manure is executed again after thinning weeding; Radix bupleuri enters the busy season of growth after June, growing way is very fast, coordinates intertill and clean tillage, suitable fertilizing, watering, every mu of liquid manure 1300 ~ 1500 kilograms; After pinching, impose composite potassium sulfate fertilizer, mu executes 28 ~ 32 kilograms, increases frequency of irrigation 1 ~ 2 time after topdressing at every turn;
I. diseases and pests controlling: (1) root rot: find after diseased plant with mass concentration be 50% topsin and water dilute and soak root and within 5 seconds, take out afterwards and dry, and spread quicklime at sick cave place and prevent something from spreading, the part by weight of topsin and water is: 1:1000; (2) cutworm: emergence period mass concentration be 90% chlorophos and water dilute and irrigate, the part by weight of chlorophos and water is: 1:1000;
J. gethering and processing: radix bupleuri optimal harvest time in the fall plant lower blade starts withered results, and the time is that late September is to early October; Should note when excavating root not hindering root and the main root that fractures, shrug off earth, residual stem Ex-all in order to processing.
Beneficial effect: the present invention starts with from several links such as selection of land, seed selection and vernalization, sowing, nursery, field management, diseases and pests controlling, shorten radix bupleuri from planting to the cycle of excavating, namely growth of Bupleurum just can be gathered after 1 year; Use the present invention, the radix bupleuri seed germination time is 12 days, bud ratio is 95%, and it is large to drop into little output; The present invention improves Content of Saikosaponin, reduces the degree of lignification of root, improves the service efficiency in soil, and obtains good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Growth of Bupleurum feature: Bupleurum herbaceos perennial, likes warm, humid climate, cold-resistant, suitable growth temperature 8 ~ 20 DEG C, season of growth average rainfall about 300mm; Drought-enduring, fearness flood, well grows in deep at soil layer, fertile sand.
A kind of radix bupleuri high-efficiency grow method, concrete steps are as follows:
A. selection of land: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, draining good, irrigate sand plantation easily; Soil with organic matter content is more than 1%, and available phosphorus contents is 0.6%, and thickness of soil is 0.5 ~ 1 meter, and subterranean water level is within 3.5 meters, and P in soil H value is 7.4, and total salt amount is within 0.3%; Soil is too sticky to be weighed, harden, soil layer is shallow, and all can cause the easy bifurcated of radix bupleuri root and short, fibrous root is many, thus affects radix bupleuri commodity medical value;
B. apply fertilizer: according to soil property and fertilizer conditions, every mu of organic fertilizer material is 2000 kilograms, superphosphate 10 kilograms, and diammonium phosphate 15 kilograms, evenly spills into ground;
C. wholely: radix bupleuri is root class medicinal material, require deep ploughing thin rake during whole ground, soil layer ploughs deeply 30 centimetres, rake is carefully raked, and makes the high furrow in wide, high 30 centimetres of 1 meter, furrow face, ploughs deeply and can make loosing soil, the ability of preserve moisture and fertility strengthens, and can also improve ground temperature, be conducive to radix bupleuri root growth;
D. seed selection and vernalization: 24 hours are soaked to seed with the warm water of 35 DEG C, then the blighted grain seed swimming in the water surface is pulled out, the good seed sunk to the bottom is pulled out and slightly dries in the air, 23 hours are soaked again with the 6-BA soak of 50 micrograms/gram (unit implication is unclear), finally soak seed 16 seconds with the potassium permanganate that mass concentration is 1%, take out, rinse well, then add 4 parts of damp sands with 1 part of seed to be placed in container and to put to the environment vernalization of 23 DEG C, after 12 days, can sowing be taken out when breach appears in the seed of 40%; Because next year old kind of germination rate is extremely low, the new seed that sowing should adopt 2 years raw radix bupleuri to produce, can not emerge when radix bupleuri produces seed Second Year kind then; Two conditions that radix bupleuri seed germinates smoothly are indispensable, that is: moisture abundance and water temperature will maintain 20 DEG C, difficulty of germinateing more than 25 DEG C; Temperature is applicable to and water deficient, and radix bupleuri seed can not germinate, water foot and water temperature or high or lowly all can not to germinate, and due to these reasons, causes radix bupleuri emergence difficult; The crust of radix bupleuri seed has coating of wax in addition, and absorbent time is long, is the second factor causing radix bupleuri difficulty to emerge;
E. sowing, overlay film: annual early March sowing, shallow ridges is opened by line-spacing 20 centimetres, ditch depth 2 centimetres, the seed processed fully is mixed thoroughly by 2 kilograms every mu ash with 10 kilograms, be spread in ditch, because radix bupleuri seed is small and light, sow seeds for 2 times so can divide at seeding time, concrete grammar is: first determine the area that need sow, and seeding quantity accounts for 1/2 or 1/3 of sum for the first time, divides till evenly having been spread by seed for 2 times or 3 times, earthing 0.5 cm thick, to suppress a little, spray moisture, immediately covering with plastic film, heat and moisture preserving; Overlay film is timely rupture of membranes after within 11 days, emerging, and prevents seedling from burning to death; After treating that ambient temperature is stable, then remove mulch film, be conducive to Growth of Seedling; The initial stage of radix bupleuri growth of seedling not drought-enduring, Keep away from sun;
F. intertill and clean tillage, thinning, to fill the gaps with seedlings: in conjunction with thinning weeding after emerging, general weeding 3-4 time, accomplishes that field is without weeds; Carry out first time intertill and clean tillage when height of seedling 5 centimetres, carry out second time intertillage when 10 centimetres, monthly 1 time later; Carry out thinning during high 10 centimetres of seedling, fill the gaps with seedlings, every mu of ground stays seedling about 15000 strain, and seedling strain spacing is 5-7 centimetre, not overstocked, irrigates 1 water; Because radix bupleuri growth of seedling is slow, weed growth is rapid, note timely weeding;
G. stem, pinching is controlled except flower bud, short root: radix bupleuri is used as medicine based on root, therefore will note control stem, short root; Must pinch when plant height 40 centimetres, also constantly will remove the unnecessary stem eye that grows thickly simultaneously, impel root ramp; Except seed field, enter radix bupleuri flowering stage the 7-8 month, annual plant has blooming by bolting of half, bloom and will consume the inner a large amount of nutrition of plant, thus impact is at the nutrient accumulation of root, is unfavorable for high yield; The colored a kind of sedge flower bud tillering and newly grow is extractd in gradation in time, can promote that the accumulation of plant root nutrition is expanded, and should pinching in time except bud, prevent bolting from blooming before flowering, and beating a kind of sedge in time is also the effective measures improving radix bupleuri seed output and quality;
H. topdress: combine during high 10 centimetres of seedling and water, every mu imposes pure N is 2.5 kilograms; 1 liquid manure is executed again after thinning weeding; Radix bupleuri enters the busy season of growth after June, growing way is very fast, coordinates intertill and clean tillage, suitable fertilizing, watering, every mu of liquid manure 1500 kilograms; After pinching, impose composite potassium sulfate fertilizer, mu executes 30 kilograms, increases frequency of irrigation 2 times after topdressing at every turn;
I. diseases and pests controlling: in the radix bupleuri extermination of disease and insect pest, follow and not use heavy metal agricultural chemicals and high malicious residual agricultural chemicals, adhere to putting prevention first with agricultural measures, adopt biologic product agricultural chemicals or higher effective and lower toxic pesticide to prevent and treat; Common disease is as follows: (1) root rot: find after diseased plant with mass concentration be 50% topsin and water dilute and soak root and within 5 seconds, take out afterwards and dry, and spread quicklime at sick cave place and prevent something from spreading, the part by weight of topsin and water is: 1:1000; (2) cutworm: emergence period mass concentration be 90% chlorophos and water dilute and irrigate, the part by weight of chlorophos and water is: 1:1000;
J. gethering and processing: radix bupleuri optimal harvest time in the fall plant lower blade starts withered results, and the time is that late September is to early October; Should note when excavating root not hindering root and the main root that fractures, shrug off earth, residual stem Ex-all in order to processing.
Claims (1)
1. a radix bupleuri high-efficiency grow method, concrete steps are as follows:
A. selection of land: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, draining good, irrigate sand plantation easily; Soil with organic matter content is more than 1%, and available phosphorus contents is 0.6%, and thickness of soil is 0.5 ~ 1 meter, and subterranean water level is within 3.5 meters, and P in soil H value is 6.5 ~ 8.2, and total salt amount is within 0.3%;
B. apply fertilizer: according to soil property and fertilizer conditions, every mu of organic fertilizer material is 1800 ~ 2100 kilograms, superphosphate 8 ~ 11 kilograms, and diammonium phosphate 14 ~ 16 kilograms, evenly spills into ground;
C. wholely: radix bupleuri is root class medicinal material, require deep ploughing thin rake during whole ground, soil layer ploughs deeply 30 centimetres, and rake is carefully raked, and makes the high furrow in wide, high 30 centimetres of 1 meter, furrow face;
D. seed selection and vernalization: 24 hours are soaked to seed with the warm water of 30 ~ 40 DEG C, then the blighted grain seed swimming in the water surface is pulled out, the good seed sunk to the bottom is pulled out and slightly dries in the air, 23 ~ 24 hours are soaked again with the 6-BA soak that mass concentration is 0.05%, finally soak seed 15 ~ 18 seconds with the potassium permanganate that mass concentration is 0.8 ~ 1.2%, take out, rinse well, then add 4 parts of damp sands with 1 part of seed to be placed in container and to put to the environment vernalization of 20 ~ 25 DEG C, after 12 days, can sowing be taken out when breach appears in the seed of 40%;
E. sowing, overlay film: annual early March sowing, shallow ridges is opened by line-spacing 20 centimetres, ditch depth 2 centimetres, the seed processed fully is mixed thoroughly by 2 ~ 2.5 kilograms every mu ash with 10 ~ 12.5 kilograms, be spread in ditch, because radix bupleuri seed is small and light, sow seeds for 2-3 time so can divide at seeding time, concrete grammar is: first determine the area that need sow, and seeding quantity accounts for 1/2 or 1/3 of sum for the first time, divides till evenly having been spread by seed for 2 times or 3 times, earthing 0.5 cm thick, to suppress a little, spray moisture, immediately covering with plastic film, heat and moisture preserving; Overlay film is timely rupture of membranes after within 10 ~ 12 days, emerging, and prevents seedling from burning to death; After treating that ambient temperature is stable, then remove mulch film, be conducive to Growth of Seedling;
F. intertill and clean tillage, thinning, to fill the gaps with seedlings: in conjunction with thinning weeding after emerging, general weeding 3-4 time, accomplishes that field is without weeds; Carry out first time intertill and clean tillage as height of seedling 3-6 centimetre, carry out second time intertillage when height of seedling 10 centimetres, later monthly weeding 1 time; Carry out thinning during high 10 centimetres of seedling, fill the gaps with seedlings, every mu of ground stays seedling about 14000 ~ 15000 strain, and seedling strain spacing is 5 ~ 7 centimetres, not overstocked, water 1 time permeable;
G. control stem, pinching and urge root except flower bud: must pinch when seedling plant height 40 centimetres, also constantly will remove the unnecessary stem eye that grows thickly simultaneously, impel root ramp; Before blooming, timely pinching is except bud, prevents bolting from blooming, can promote that the accumulation of plant root nutrition is expanded; Beating a kind of sedge in time is also the effective measures improving radix bupleuri seed output and quality;
H. topdress: combine during high 10 centimetres of seedling and water, every mu imposes pure N is 2.5 ~ 3 kilograms; 1 liquid manure is executed again after thinning weeding; Radix bupleuri enters the busy season of growth after June, growing way is very fast, coordinates intertill and clean tillage, suitable fertilizing, watering, every mu of liquid manure 1300 ~ 1500 kilograms; After pinching, impose composite potassium sulfate fertilizer, mu executes 28 ~ 32 kilograms, increases frequency of irrigation 1 ~ 2 time after topdressing at every turn;
I. diseases and pests controlling: (1) root rot: find after diseased plant with mass concentration be 50% topsin and water dilute and soak root and within 5 seconds, take out afterwards and dry, and spread quicklime at sick cave place and prevent something from spreading, the part by weight of topsin and water is: 1:1000; (2) cutworm: emergence period mass concentration be 90% chlorophos and water dilute and irrigate, the part by weight of chlorophos and water is: 1:1000;
J. gethering and processing: radix bupleuri optimal harvest time in the fall plant lower blade starts withered results, and the time is that late September is to early October; Should note when excavating root not hindering root and the main root that fractures, shrug off earth, residual stem Ex-all in order to processing.
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| CN106105757A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 唐山师范学院 | A kind of cultural method of interplanting corn Radix Bupleuri |
| CN106550760A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-05 | 李路哲 | A kind of method that milpa interplants radix bupleuri |
| CN106613076A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 遵义盛远盈种植有限公司 | Bupleurum cultivating method |
| CN106613075A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 遵义盛远盈种植有限公司 | Method for planting bupleurum chinense |
| CN106797783A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 闫双双 | A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri |
| CN107347422A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 张涛 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of radix bupleuri |
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| CN106105757A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 唐山师范学院 | A kind of cultural method of interplanting corn Radix Bupleuri |
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| CN106613075A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 遵义盛远盈种植有限公司 | Method for planting bupleurum chinense |
| CN106550760A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-05 | 李路哲 | A kind of method that milpa interplants radix bupleuri |
| CN106797783A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-06 | 闫双双 | A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri |
| CN107347422A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-17 | 张涛 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of radix bupleuri |
| CN111165284A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-19 | 甘肃天水岐黄药业有限责任公司 | Radix bupleuri and rape interplanting cultivation method |
| CN111226725A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-05 | 苏宗然 | A kind of cultivation method of Bupleurum chinensis green control and efficient cost-saving production |
| CN112385500A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-23 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞工程技术研究所 | Ecological planting method for intercropping and interplanting of medlar and starwort root |
| CN112535100A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-23 | 山西优培优选种植有限公司 | Method for obtaining purified bupleurum seeds and product thereof |
| CN115088568A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-23 | 河南盛世中药产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonatum topping to promote root and high yield |
| CN118680018A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-09-24 | 承德市农林科学院 | Method for promoting the growth of Bupleurum chinense by inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
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