CN104285621A - Breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food - Google Patents
Breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food Download PDFInfo
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- CN104285621A CN104285621A CN201410401242.1A CN201410401242A CN104285621A CN 104285621 A CN104285621 A CN 104285621A CN 201410401242 A CN201410401242 A CN 201410401242A CN 104285621 A CN104285621 A CN 104285621A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food, and relates to the technical field of dandelion plantation. The method is characterized by including the following steps of selecting seeds, selecting fields, building up a constant-temperature greenhouse, preparing soil in the greenhouse, managing seedlings, managing the fields, preventing plant diseases and insect pests and conducting management during overwintering. By means of the method, artificial breeding can be achieved, large-scale plantation is facilitated, economic benefits are created, and the conflict that demand exceeds supply on the market is eliminated.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to dandelion planting technology field, be specifically related to a kind of dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose.
Background technology:
Dandelion just has good medical value, there is the function of clearing heat and detoxicating, detumescence, dissipating bind, dampness removing, removing jaundice, the diseases such as acute mastitis, lymphadenitis, carbuncle are anti-swollen, acute conjunctivitis, cat fever, acute tonsillitis, acute bronchitis, gastritis, hepatitis, cholecystitis, urinary tract infections can be treated, the usually soaked function also with purging intense heat.Dandelion also has good edibility simultaneously, the fresh and tender leaf of dandelion can be stir-fried and eaten, cold and dressed with sauce, do the eating methods such as filling, dandelion contains the multiple health-nutrition active component such as abundant taraxol, taraxacin and choline, organic acid, glucose, vitamin, carotin, also there is abundant trace element simultaneously, therefore dandelion has very important nutritive value, is that health ministry newly enters one of new varieties listing medicine-food two-purpose in.
Can to eat due to dandelion and can be medicinal, being in great demand of market, supply falls short of demand, and contradiction group does not strengthen, again because dandelion is all wild, primary growth by irrigation canals and ditches, roadside etc., due to this year, the extensive utilization of weed killer herbicide and destruction that is ecological and wild resource, cause the quantity of wild dandelion also in continuous decline, therefore artificial culture plantation has very large meaning.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of convenient and simple, is convenient to the dandelion biological engineering method of the medicine-food two-purpose of scale plantation.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
The dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose, is characterized in that: follow these steps to carry out;
(1) choose seeds, in 2 ~ March, dig the wild dandelion of healthy and strong thick leaf as provenance, be planted in constant-temperature greenhouse with spacing in the rows 18 ~ 22 centimetres, line-spacing 28 ~ 32 centimetres, 4 ~ May, dandelion bloomed, 15 ~ 25 days seed maturities, then gathered to seed and dried;
(2) selection of land, selects the sand loose, fertile, moistening, draining is good as the kind ground of breeding;
(3) constant-temperature greenhouse is built, and builds, steel frame construction with vegetables standard thermostatic booth;
(4) in canopy wholely, open the canal of 1.5 ~ 3 meters, rise a grand width be 2 ~ 3cm, high 10 ~ 15cm; With the amount of every mu of 3000 ~ 4000 jin of farm organic fertilizers, soil is applied fertilizer, executing in farm organic fertilizer process, additional superphosphate 50 ~ 70 jin, white muscardine fungi biological medicament; Then step 1 gained seed is sowed;
(5) seedling management, when seedling grows to 3 ~ 5 centimetres, manually uprooting weed once, can carry out final singling while artificial uprooting weed to seedling, final singling is stay a strain in circumference 7 ~ 8 centimetres;
(6) field management, new talent grows to more than 10 points and can apply fertilizer once, and institute's fertilise is 80 ~ 120 jin of fertilizers, 1.5 ~ 2.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 18 ~ 24 jin of superphosphate, waters immediately once after fertilising;
(7) damage by disease and insect prevents, and adopts 60% powder of carbendazim 1000 liquid spraying to treat powdery mildew; Extract matrine with Chinese herbal medicine kuh-seng, every mu of kuh-seng 4 jin, adds water and endures to 10 jin, then it is little when surplus 6 ~ 7.5 jin of liquid medicine to add poach 1, adds 50 jin of spraying killing aphids;
(8) overwinter management, dandelion in the lunar calendar November time, lid farm organic fertilizer 2 cm thick is survived the winter;
(9) field management after surviving the winter, spring in the coming year watering, fertilizing once, seed maturity during April, gathers and air-dry.
Gather in described step (1) and step (9) seed time adopt dust catcher.
Seeding method in described step (4) comprises drilling and broadcasts sowing; Described drilling open minor groove width 10 ~ 15 centimetres, dark 2 ~ 4 centimetres; Described broadcast sowing as by seed and sand or fine earth Homogeneous phase mixing, and be sprinkling upon uniformly on soil.
Described after planting coming and going with creeper draws twice, and the degree of depth of seed is no more than 4 centimetres.
The potassium permanganate of described seed carbendazim or 1,000 times soaks 1 ~ 2 hour.
Described seeding method with by seed with on wet sack dress, humidity be 60%, vernalization under the condition of temperature 25 degree, the planting patterns that tender shoots is planted in the ground is replaced.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can realize biological engineering, is convenient to implant mass, create economic interests, solve the market contradiction that supply falls short of demand.
Embodiment:
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Specific embodiment one:
The dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose, relatively carries out breeding by place, southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces in China, follows these steps to carry out;
(1) choose seeds, in February, the wild dandelion digging healthy and strong thick leaf is as provenance, and be planted in constant-temperature greenhouse with spacing in the rows 20 centimetres, line-spacing 30 centimetres, April, dandelion bloomed, seed maturity after 18 days, then gathered to seed and dried;
(2) selection of land, selects loose, fertile, moistening, that draining the is good sandy ground of the kind as breeding;
(3) constant-temperature greenhouse is built, and builds, steel frame construction with vegetables standard thermostatic booth;
(4) in canopy wholely, open the canal of 2 meters, rise a grand width be 2cm, high 12cm; With the amount of every mu of 3500 jin of farm organic fertilizers, soil is applied fertilizer, executing in farm organic fertilizer process, additional superphosphate 60 jin, white muscardine fungi biological medicament; Then step 1 gained seed is sowed;
(5) seedling management, when seedling grows to 3 centimetres, manually uprooting weed once, can carry out final singling while artificial uprooting weed to seedling, final singling is stay a strain in circumference 8 centimetres;
(6) field management, new talent grows to 10 timesharing fertilisings once, and institute's fertilise is 100 jin of fertilizers, 2 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 jin of superphosphate, waters immediately once after fertilising;
(7) damage by disease and insect prevents, and dandelion has very strong resistance against diseases, and common damage by disease and insect has powdery mildew and aphid, adopts 60% powder of carbendazim 1000 liquid spraying to treat powdery mildew; Extract matrine with Chinese herbal medicine kuh-seng, every mu of kuh-seng 4 jin, adds water and endures to 10 jin, then it is little when surplus 7 jin of liquid medicine to add poach 1, and add 50 jin of spraying killing aphids, such dandelion inside does not have residue of pesticide, can operate by food;
(8) overwinter management, dandelion in the lunar calendar November time, lid farm organic fertilizer 2 cm thick is survived the winter, and prevents freezing;
(9) field management after surviving the winter, spring in the coming year watering, fertilizing once, seed maturity during April, gathers and air-dry.
Gather in step (1) and step (9) seed time adopt dust catcher, dust catcher is conventional common instrument, has easily bought, and injuring-free seed, convenient and reliable.
Seed carbendazim, for broadcasting sowing, is soaked 2 hours, after drying by the sowing in step (4), by seed and sand Homogeneous phase mixing, and is sprinkling upon uniformly on soil.After planting come and go with creeper and draw twice, seed is covered by sandy soil uniformly.
The present embodiment selects place in south, considers the impacts such as weather, temperature are high, rainwater is more, and dandelion growth is very fast, and the time period of breeding management should relatively early, and the amount of pouring number of times and pouring reduces to some extent.
Specific embodiment two:
The dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose, relatively carries out breeding by the Northern Shandong of quilt in China, follows these steps to carry out;
(1) choose seeds, in March, the wild dandelion digging healthy and strong thick leaf is as provenance, and be planted in constant-temperature greenhouse with spacing in the rows 20 centimetres, line-spacing 30 centimetres, May, dandelion bloomed, seed maturity after 20 days, then gathered to seed and dried;
(2) selection of land, selects the fine earth ground loose, fertile, moistening, draining is good as the kind ground of breeding;
(3) constant-temperature greenhouse is built, and builds, steel frame construction with vegetables standard thermostatic booth;
(4) in canopy wholely, open the canal of 2 meters, rise a grand width be 2cm, high 12cm; With the amount of every mu of 3000 jin of farm organic fertilizers, soil is applied fertilizer, executing in farm organic fertilizer process, additional superphosphate 60 jin, white muscardine fungi biological medicament; Then use on wet sack dress to step 1 gained seed, humidity be 60%, vernalization under the condition of temperature 25 degree, tender shoots plantation planting patterns is in the ground replaced, this planting patterns just had bud out in 3 days, than directly planting seed being shifted to an earlier date out 4 days in the ground, be conducive to accelerating its growth cycle;
(5) seedling management, when seedling grows to 3 centimetres, manually uprooting weed once, can carry out final singling while artificial uprooting weed to seedling, final singling is stay a strain in circumference 8 centimetres;
(6) field management, new talent grows to 12 timesharing fertilisings once, and institute's fertilise is 100 jin of fertilizers, 2 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 20 jin of superphosphate, waters immediately once after fertilising;
(7) damage by disease and insect prevents, and dandelion has very strong resistance against diseases, and common damage by disease and insect has powdery mildew and aphid, adopts 60% powder of carbendazim 1000 liquid spraying to treat powdery mildew; Extract matrine with Chinese herbal medicine kuh-seng, every mu of kuh-seng 4 jin, adds water and endures to 10 jin, then it is little when surplus 7 jin of liquid medicine to add poach 1, and add 50 jin of spraying killing aphids, such dandelion inside does not have residue of pesticide, can operate by food;
(8) overwinter management, dandelion in the lunar calendar November time, lid farm organic fertilizer 2 cm thick is survived the winter, and prevents freezing;
(9) field management after surviving the winter, spring in the coming year watering, fertilizing once, seed maturity during April Mo, gathers and air-dry.
Gather in step (1) and step (9) seed time adopt dust catcher, dust catcher is conventional common instrument, has easily bought, and injuring-free seed, convenient and reliable.
The present embodiment selects place by side, considers the impacts such as weather, temperature are low, rainwater is less, and dandelion growth is comparatively slow, and the time period of breeding management should be relatively late, and the amount of pouring number of times and pouring increases to some extent.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose, is characterized in that: follow these steps to carry out;
(1) choose seeds, in 2 ~ March, dig the wild dandelion of healthy and strong thick leaf as provenance, be planted in constant-temperature greenhouse with spacing in the rows 18 ~ 22 centimetres, line-spacing 28 ~ 32 centimetres, 4 ~ May, dandelion bloomed, 15 ~ 25 days seed maturities, then gathered to seed and dried;
(2) selection of land, selects the sand loose, fertile, moistening, draining is good as the kind ground of breeding;
(3) constant-temperature greenhouse is built, and builds, steel frame construction with vegetables standard thermostatic booth;
(4) in canopy wholely, open the canal of 1.5 ~ 3 meters, rise a grand width be 2 ~ 3cm, high 10 ~ 15cm; With the amount of every mu of 3000 ~ 4000 jin of farm organic fertilizers, soil is applied fertilizer, executing in farm organic fertilizer process, additional superphosphate 50 ~ 70 jin, white muscardine fungi biological medicament; Then step 1 gained seed is sowed;
(5) seedling management, when seedling grows to 3 ~ 5 centimetres, manually uprooting weed once, can carry out final singling while artificial uprooting weed to seedling, final singling is stay a strain in circumference 7 ~ 8 centimetres;
(6) field management, new talent grows to more than 10 points and can apply fertilizer once, and institute's fertilise is 80 ~ 120 jin of fertilizers, 1.5 ~ 2.5 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 18 ~ 24 jin of superphosphate, waters immediately once after fertilising;
(7) damage by disease and insect prevents, and adopts 60% powder of carbendazim 1000 liquid spraying to treat powdery mildew; Extract matrine with Chinese herbal medicine kuh-seng, every mu of kuh-seng 4 jin, adds water and endures to 10 jin, then it is little when surplus 6 ~ 7.5 jin of liquid medicine to add poach 1, adds 50 jin of spraying killing aphids;
(8) overwinter management, dandelion in the lunar calendar November time, lid farm organic fertilizer 2 cm thick is survived the winter;
(9) field management after surviving the winter, spring in the coming year watering, fertilizing once, seed maturity during April, gathers and air-dry.
2. the dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose according to claim 1, is characterized in that: gather in described step (1) and step (9) seed time adopt dust catcher.
3. the dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the seeding method in described step (4) comprises drilling and broadcasts sowing; Described drilling open minor groove width 10 ~ 15 centimetres, dark 2 ~ 4 centimetres; Described broadcast sowing as by seed and sand or fine earth Homogeneous phase mixing, and be sprinkling upon uniformly on soil.
4. the dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described after planting coming and going with creeper draws twice, and the degree of depth of seed is no more than 4 centimetres.
5. the dandelion breeding method of the medicine-food two-purpose according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: the potassium permanganate of described seed carbendazim or 1,000 times soaks 1 ~ 2 hour.
6. the dandelion breeding method of medicine-food two-purpose according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described seeding method is to use on wet sack dress by seed, humidity be 60%, vernalization under the condition of temperature 25 degree, tender shoots plantation planting patterns is in the ground replaced.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410401242.1A CN104285621A (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2014-08-14 | Breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105103910A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for increasing seed production yield of dandelions |
| CN105409387A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 江苏碧云天农林科技有限公司 | Antibacterial treatment method for taraxacum mongolicum seeds |
| CN106070877A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2016-11-09 | 黑龙江八农垦大学 | A kind of complete lobule dandelion green tea |
| CN106069162A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 北海市蔬菜研究所 | Nuisanceless Herba Taraxaci greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN107950370A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-24 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所 | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz |
| CN110122208A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 东北林业大学 | A method of enhancing dandelion salt resistance ability using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| CN110352849A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of selection of not shattering dandelion strain |
| CN115336508A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | Cultivation method for specially producing scape from dandelion and application of cultivation method |
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2014
- 2014-08-14 CN CN201410401242.1A patent/CN104285621A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105103910A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-02 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for increasing seed production yield of dandelions |
| CN105409387A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-03-23 | 江苏碧云天农林科技有限公司 | Antibacterial treatment method for taraxacum mongolicum seeds |
| CN106070877A (en) * | 2016-06-18 | 2016-11-09 | 黑龙江八农垦大学 | A kind of complete lobule dandelion green tea |
| CN106069162A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-09 | 北海市蔬菜研究所 | Nuisanceless Herba Taraxaci greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN107950370A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-04-24 | 伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所 | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz |
| CN110122208A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 东北林业大学 | A method of enhancing dandelion salt resistance ability using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| CN110352849A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of selection of not shattering dandelion strain |
| CN110352849B (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-05-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | Breeding method of non-falling dandelion strain |
| CN115336508A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | Cultivation method for specially producing scape from dandelion and application of cultivation method |
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