CN107950370A - The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz - Google Patents
The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107950370A CN107950370A CN201711429394.2A CN201711429394A CN107950370A CN 107950370 A CN107950370 A CN 107950370A CN 201711429394 A CN201711429394 A CN 201711429394A CN 107950370 A CN107950370 A CN 107950370A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- kok
- saghyz
- seedling
- implantation methods
- seedbed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz, comprise the following steps：The selection age of tree is no more than 5 years, the orchard that soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient；Apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer and phosphoric acid diamines；Site preparation：Plough deeply in due course, plough deeply 25cm~30cm, rake in time afterwards；Along fruit tree line direction bedding, drip irrigation zone is laid with each furrow, flattens furrow face, overlay film afterwards；Transplantation of seedlings from mid or late May；Pour water afterwards orchard, top dressing, pest control and weeding；In the first tenday period of a month then or in ten months of second year, kok-saghyz rhizome is harvested.The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz provided by the invention, effectively compensate for the technological gap of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz, improve land utilization ratio in orchard, increase the economic benefit of land area of one unit, planting cost is reduced, the yield and quality of kok-saghyz is improved, plays the role of increasing both production and income.In addition, implantation methods of the present invention are easy to operate, and it is easy to spread, have a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz.
Background technology
Kok-saghyz (Taraxacum koksaghyz Rodin, TKS), composite family Dandelion herbaceos perennial, originates in
In the republic of Kazakhstan Tianshan Mountains mountain valley and Xinjiang, China Tekes River basin, shape and common dandelion are quite similar, but
Contain more than 20% rubber (perennial dry weight) in the root of kok-saghyz, and rubber is best in quality, utility value industrially
No less than Para rubber tree rubber.In addition, kok-saghyz produces glue crop as draft, not only growth cycle is short, but also produces the glue cycle
It is shorter, therefore be extremely promising lactiferous plant.
In recent years, due to traditional natural rubber source limitation and petroleum resources it is in short supply, kok-saghyz has huge
Development prospect.At present, American-European and Canada etc. has started the plantation and research of kok-saghyz, in the cultivation technique of kok-saghyz
In terms of large-scale production, research is deep not enough both at home and abroad.Based on this, carry out to the research in terms of kok-saghyz cultivation technique,
Tool is of great significance.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art the defects of, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz.This hair
The implantation methods of the intercropping in garden kok-saghyz of bright offer, effectively compensate for the technological gap of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz, improve orchard
Interior land utilization ratio, increases the economic benefit of land area of one unit, reduces planting cost, improves the yield and quality of kok-saghyz,
Play the role of increasing both production and income.In addition, implantation methods provided by the invention are easy to operate, easy to spread, be widely used valency
Value.
For this reason, the present invention provides following technical solution：
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of kok-saghyz, comprise the following steps：S101：Prepare nursery base
Matter；Wherein, matrix is organic total nutrient matrix of the vegetables without native hole plate seedling growth；S102：Selection close on planting site, it is leeward to
Sun, physical features are rationally and the place that has abundant water resources is used as seedbed, by seedbed it is smooth after uniformly fill fine sand；S103：By rubber grass seeds
Originally water retting 6h~8h that sub- use can be drunk, makes seed uniform water absorption；S104：Sowing before seedbed is poured it is permeable, by S103
Obtained seed is admixed fine sand and/or matrix and is stirred evenly, and is broadcasted sowing afterwards；One layer of nursery base of lid is spread after the completion of sowing
Matter, and the thickness of coating is no more than 1cm；Covering with ground sheeting is used in time, afterwards with Small plastic shed epiphragma, and one is capped on the outside of shed
Layer sunshade net；S105：Canopy film is covered tightly before emergence, promotes seed to sprout；After seed sprouting reaches 50%, mulch is removed in time, and
Cooling is aerated, cultivates obtain kok-saghyz transplanted seedling afterwards.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, implantation methods are further comprising the steps of：Select orchard：Select the age of tree not
More than 5 years, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, draining is good, sand viscosity is suitable and garden in fruit tree line-spacing >=3m orchard；Basal dressing：
1000kg/ mus~1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 25kg/ mus of phosphoric acid diamines；Wherein, organic fertilizer requirement is fully decomposed；Site preparation：It is suitable
When plough deeply, plough deeply 25cm~30cm, rake in time；It is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Along fruit tree line direction bedding, each furrow
Two drip irrigation zones of interior laying, after drip irrigation zone is completed, flatten furrow face, using black mulch film overlay film, pattern is two band of a film, three row, i.e.,
Two row drip irrigation zones are laid with one mulch and plant three row kok-saghyzs；Transplanting in due course：Mid or late May, selection have 4~5 true leaves
Kok-saghyz transplanted seedling play transplantation of seedlings, the main root with 4cm~5cm during lifting, root water is irrigated after having transplanted；Wherein, transplant close
Spend for 7300 plants/acre~7500 plants/acre, seeding row spacing is 30cm × 30cm；Field management：Poured water orchard, top dressing, disease pest
Evil prevention and weeding processing；Plant harvests：Then or second year early and middle ten days in October, kok-saghyz rhizome is harvested.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, it is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Furrow face width is 70cm, works as fruit tree
Two furrow are done during the wide 3m of line-spacing, the aisle that width is 50cm is reserved between two neighboring furrow；Two trickle irrigations are laid with each furrow
Band, using the drip irrigation zone of diameter 25mm；The width of black mulch film is 90cm, and thickness is 0.03mm~0.05mm.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, in field management：Irrigation levels specifically include：Using drip irrigation system into
Row is poured water, and it is 60%~80% to keep soil maxmun field capacity；Wherein, after kok-saghyz field planting survives, Irrigation levels every 7
My god~10 days once；Top dressing processing specifically includes：Using drip irrigation fertilizer applying pot top dressing, fertilizer generally selects full water soluble fertilizer, often
Secondary dosage 5kg~8kg/ mus, concentration is 0.3%~0.4%, using 3~4 times, 15~20d of adjacent two minor tick；Disease pest
Evil Prevention technology specifically includes：Slug is used using the 480g~600g/ mus of preventions of 5% methaldehyde granule, powdery mildew is spread fertilizer over the fields
The spraying prevention of 30% SC1000 times~1500 times of ether bacterium pyridine acyl bacterium liquid, leaf spot use 1500 times of 10% difenoconazole WG
~2000 times of liquid spraying preventions；Weeding processing specifically includes：Ploughed deeply by autumn, artificial weeding, weeding by machine and chemistry it is anti-
Grass control weed growth.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, in S102：Seedbed area is according to transplanting field 1：200 ratio is put
It is standby, the wide 1.3m~1.5m in seedbed, long 6m~8m, four side ridging of seedbed, the high 20cm~25cm in ridge, after seedbed is smooth, uniformly filling
Fine sand, fine sand thickness is 10cm, and keeps bed surface smooth.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, in S104：The time of sowing is late March；And during broadcasting sowing, broadcast
Kind amount is 8g/m2~10g/m2, substrates quantity 90g/m2~110g/m2, fine sand dosage is 190g/m2~200g/m2；Small plastic shed
Sagitta be 45cm, arch spacing is 50cm, and canopy film thickness is 0.1mm.
In the further embodiment of the present invention, in S105, seedling management is specially：Temperature：After planting shed sternly covers
Film, in canopy day temperature be maintained at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C, cotyledon period be maintained at 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, 2 leaf periods are maintained at 21 later
DEG C~23 DEG C, the same ambient temperatures of 7d~10d before transplanting；Moisture：Watering in due course, keeps bed soil moistening, and watering uses fountain,
Even irrigate is poured every time；Ventilation：When seedling all sprouts, timely ventilation, according to requirement of the seedling different stages of growth to temperature
Control ventilation；Illumination：After emergence fine day 17 when after to next day 11 when, and throw off sunshade net rainy days, it is suitable to ensure that seedling has
Suitable illumination；Fertilising top dressing：Start top dressing during 2 leaf periods, every 15d top dressings 1 time；Wherein, fertilizer uses water soluble fertilizer
Or urea adds potassium dihydrogen phosphate to spray, concentration is 0.15%~0.2%, and each dosage is 10g/m2~15g/m2；Between weeding
Seedling：Using artificial weeding, 15d after emergence, it is 3cm~4cm to remove seedling and/or bad seedling, in due course thinning, seedling spacing.
Second aspect, the kok-saghyz planted using method provided by the invention.
The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art：
(1) implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz provided by the invention, effectively compensate for the skill of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz
Art blank, improves land utilization ratio in orchard, increases the economic benefit of land area of one unit, reduces planting cost, improves rubber
The yield and quality of grass, plays the role of increasing both production and income.In addition, implantation methods provided by the invention are easy to operate, it is easy to spread,
It is with a wide range of applications.
(2) applicant has found by many experiments：The happiness of kok-saghyz property cools, and pest and disease damage is few, and Pesticide use amount is low.Using fruit
The implantation methods of kok-saghyz are interplanted in garden, can not only make full use of orchard land resource, suppress weeds in field growth, moreover it is possible to utilize
Kok-saghyz and fruit tree realize that nutrient therebetween is complementary to the difference of nutrient demand；Utilize fruit tree leaf, moreover it is possible to meet rubber
The shading condition that careless seedling stage needs, improves the survival rate of kok-saghyz transplantation of seedlings, promotes kok-saghyz growth.
(3) it is well known that orchard is due to the requirement of fruit tree line space and strain spacing so that land utilization ratio is low, weeds danger
Evil is serious, and management cost is high, especially first 3~5 years of building well, puts into that more outputs are few, and financial burden is larger, space availability ratio
Low, the implantation methods that the application provides are interplanted using space, fully solve this deficiency.
(4) implantation methods provided by the invention take full advantage of water, soil, fertilizer, light, the thermal resource in orchard, and are independent of each other
Growth, also effectively inhibits orchard inter-row weed growth, reduces weeding cost.
(5) in implantation methods provided by the invention, the kok-saghyz seedling cultivated using sand bed seedling-raising technique is of the right age, healthy and strong, raw
Long power is strong, not only increases the survival rate of seedling replanting, and improves kok-saghyz yield and quality；In addition, using being dripped under film
Fill system watering, fertilising, it is possible to achieve two kinds of crops water, apply fertilizer together, have saved water, fertilizer, pesticide and artificial, reduction
Production cost；At the same time under-film drip irrigation built good growth and environmental condition, further increase kok-saghyz yield and
Quality.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by the detailed description of the embodiment to technical solution of the present invention.Following embodiments are only used for more clearly saying
Bright technical scheme, therefore example is only used as, and be not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.
Experimental method in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Test material used, is to be commercially available from conventional reagent shop unless otherwise specified in following embodiments.
Quantitative test in following embodiments, is respectively provided with three repeated experiments, and data are the average value of three repeated experiments
Or mean+SD.
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of kok-saghyz, comprises the following steps：
Select orchard：The selection age of tree is no more than 5 years, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, draining is good, sand viscosity is suitable and garden
The orchard of interior fruit tree line-spacing >=3m, and orchard preferably apple garden, theatre.
Basal dressing：1000kg/ mus~1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 25kg/ mus of phosphoric acid diamines；Wherein, organic fertilizer requirement is filled
Divide decomposed.
Site preparation：Plough deeply in due course, and plough deeply 25cm~30cm, rake in time afterwards.
It is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Along fruit tree line direction bedding, two drip irrigation zones, drip irrigation zone are laid with each furrow
After completing, furrow face is flattened, using black mulch film overlay film, pattern is two band of a film, three row, i.e., two trickle irrigations are laid with a mulch
Band three row kok-saghyzs of plantation.Wherein, furrow face width is 70cm, does two furrow as the wide 3m of fruit tree line-spacing, between two neighboring furrow
The aisle that reserved width is 50cm, using the drip irrigation zone of diameter 25mm；The width of black mulch film is 90cm, thickness for 0.03mm~
0.05mm。
Transplanting in due course：Choose the kok-saghyz transplanted seedling with 4~5 true leaves and play transplantation of seedlings, 1d irrigates seedbed before transplanting
Water, so as to lifting, the main root with 4cm~5cm during lifting；Transplanting Density is 7400 plants/acre, and seeding row spacing is 30cm × 30cm, is moved
Root water is irrigated after having planted.Wherein, the plantation of rubber seedling transplanted seedling comprises the following steps：
S101：Vegetables are configured without the organic total nutrient matrix used in native hole plate seedling growth.
S102：Selection close on planting site, it is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is higher and the preferable place in water source is used as seedbed, by seedbed
Fine sand is uniformly filled after smooth；Wherein, seedbed area is according to transplanting field 1：200 ratio is purchased, the wide 1.3m~1.5m in seedbed,
Long 6m~8m, four side ridging of seedbed, the high 20cm~25cm in ridge, after seedbed is smooth, uniformly fills fine sand, and fine sand thickness is 10cm,
And keep bed surface smooth.
S103：Rubber grass seed is placed in cloth bag and (accounts for cloth bag volume 1/3), is immersed in 6h in the tap water that can be drunk
~8h, during which shakes sack every 1h, makes the seed uniform water absorption of the inside；
S104：Seedbed is poured before sowing permeable, the seed that S103 is obtained is admixed in fine sand and/or matrix and stirred
It is even, broadcasted sowing in late March, and during broadcasting sowing, application rate 8g/m2~10g/m2, substrates quantity 90g/m2~
110g/m2, fine sand dosage is 190g/m2~200g/m2；One layer of seedling medium of lid is spread after the completion of sowing, and the thickness of coating is not
More than 1cm；Covering with ground sheeting is used in time afterwards, beneficial to moisturizing, promotes germination；Small plastic shed epiphragma, Small plastic shed sagitta are used afterwards
45cm, encircles spacing 50cm, canopy film thickness requirement 0.1mm, covers tightly compacting；To ensure the suitable temperature light in seedbed, shed outside
One layer of sunshade net need to be capped.
S105：Canopy film is covered tightly before emergence, promotes seed to sprout；After seed sprouting reaches 50%, mulch is removed in time, is anti-
Only excessive growth, will be aerated cooling, cultivate obtain kok-saghyz transplanted seedling afterwards.In the step, following parameter is controlled：Temperature：Broadcast
The tight epiphragma of shed after kind, in canopy day temperature be maintained at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C, cotyledon period be maintained at 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, 2 leaf periods
21 DEG C~23 DEG C are maintained at later, the same ambient temperatures of 7d~10d before transplanting；Moisture：Watering in due course, keeps bed soil moistening, and pours
Water uses fountain, pours even irrigate every time；Ventilation：When seedling all sprouts, timely ventilation, according to seedling different stages of growth
Requirement control ventilation to temperature；Illumination：After emergence fine day 17 when after to next day 11 when, and throw off sunshade net rainy days,
Ensure that seedling has suitable illumination；Fertilising top dressing：Start top dressing during 2 leaf periods, every 15d top dressings 1 time；Wherein, fertilizer is adopted
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to spray with water soluble fertilizer or urea, concentration is 0.15%~0.2%, and each dosage is 10g/m2~
15g/m2；Weeding thinning：Using artificial weeding, 15d after emergence, it is 3cm to remove seedling and/or bad seedling, in due course thinning, seedling spacing
~4cm.
Field management：Poured water, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding processing；Wherein, Irrigation levels specifically include：
Carried out using drip irrigation system, keep soil maxmun field capacity 60%~80%；According to the growing way of plant, weather condition come
Moisture is replenished in time；After kok-saghyz field planting survives, general every 7 days~10 days once.Utilize drip irrigation fertilizer applying pot top dressing, fertilizer choosing
With full water soluble fertilizer, each dosage 5kg~8kg/ mus, concentration is 0.3%~0.4%, using 3~4 times, it is adjacent twice
It is spaced 15~20d；Prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control processing specifically includes：Slug, which uses, spreads fertilizer over the fields 480g~600g/ mus of 5% methaldehyde granule
Prevention, powdery mildew use 10% phenylate using SC1000 times~1500 times liquid spraying preventions of 30% ether bacterium pyridine acyl bacterium, leaf spot
1500 times~2000 times liquid spraying preventions of methyl cyclic-azole WG；Weeding processing specifically includes：Plough shallowly and plough deeply, manually remove by autumn
Grass, weeding by machine and the anti-grass control weed growth of chemistry.
Plant harvests：Then or second year early and middle ten days in October, kok-saghyz rhizome can be harvested, rhizome dries
Afterwards, it is processed or is put in storage preservation.
Explanation is sprayed with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment one
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of kok-saghyz, comprises the following steps：
Select orchard：The selection age of tree is no more than 5 years, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, draining is good, sand viscosity is suitable and garden
Interior fruit tree line-spacing is the apple orchard of 3m.
Basal dressing：Apply 1000kg/ mus fully decomposed of organic fertilizer, 25kg/ mus of phosphoric acid diamines.
Site preparation：Plough deeply in due course, and plough deeply 25cm, rake in time afterwards.
It is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Along fruit tree line direction bedding, two drip irrigation zones, drip irrigation zone are laid with each furrow
After completing, furrow face is flattened, using black mulch film overlay film, pattern is two band of a film, three row.Wherein, furrow face width is 70cm, works as fruit tree
Two furrow are done during the wide 3m of line-spacing, the aisle that width is 50cm are reserved between two neighboring furrow, using the drip irrigation zone of diameter 25mm；It is black
The width of color mulch is 90cm, thickness 0.05mm.
Transplanting in due course：Choose the kok-saghyz transplanted seedling with 4~5 true leaves and play transplantation of seedlings, 1d irrigates seedbed before transplanting
Water, so as to lifting, the main root with 4cm~5cm during lifting；Transplanting Density is 7400 plants/acre, and seeding row spacing is 30cm × 30cm, is moved
Root water is irrigated after having planted.Wherein, the plantation of rubber seedling transplanted seedling comprises the following steps：
S101：Vegetables are configured without the organic total nutrient matrix used in native hole plate seedling growth；Wherein, organic total nutrient matrix is main
Component is peat, turf, vermiculite and the perlite of equal proportion.
S102：Selection close on planting site, it is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is higher and the preferable place in water source is used as seedbed, by seedbed
Fine sand is uniformly filled after smooth；Wherein, seedbed area is according to transplanting field 1：200 ratio is purchased, the wide 1.3m in seedbed, long 8m,
Four side ridging of seedbed, the high 20cm in ridge, after seedbed is smooth, uniformly fills fine sand, fine sand thickness is 10cm, and keeps bed surface smooth.
S103：Rubber grass seed is placed in cloth bag and (accounts for cloth bag volume 1/3), is immersed in the tap water that can be drunk
8h, during which shakes sack every 1h, makes the seed uniform water absorption of the inside；
S104：Seedbed is poured before sowing permeable, the seed that S103 is obtained is admixed in fine sand and/or matrix and stirred
It is even, broadcasted sowing in late March, and during broadcasting sowing, application rate 10g/m2, substrates quantity 100g/m2, fine sand dosage is
200g/m2；One layer of seedling medium of lid is spread after the completion of sowing, and the thickness of coating is no more than 1cm；Covered in time with mulch afterwards
Lid, beneficial to moisturizing, promotes germination；Small plastic shed epiphragma is used afterwards, and Small plastic shed sagitta 45cm, encircles spacing 50cm, canopy film thickness
It is required that 0.1mm, covers tightly compacting；To ensure the suitable temperature light in seedbed, one layer of sunshade net of capping is needed outside shed.
S105：Canopy film is covered tightly before emergence, promotes seed to sprout；After seed sprouting reaches 50%, mulch is removed in time, is anti-
Only excessive growth, will be aerated cooling, cultivate obtain kok-saghyz transplanted seedling afterwards.In the step, following parameter is controlled：Temperature：Broadcast
The tight epiphragma of shed after kind, in canopy day temperature be maintained at 22 DEG C, cotyledon period be maintained at 28 DEG C, 2 leaf periods are maintained at 21 later
DEG C, the same ambient temperatures of 10d before transplanting；Moisture：Watering in due course, keeps bed soil moistening, and watering uses fountain, pours even pour every time
Thoroughly；Ventilation：When seedling all sprouts, timely ventilation, ventilation is controlled according to requirement of the seedling different stages of growth to temperature；Light
According to：After emergence fine day 17 when after to next day 11 when, and throw off sunshade net rainy days, ensure that seedling has suitable illumination；Apply
Fertile top dressing：Start top dressing during 2 leaf periods, every 15d top dressings 1 time；Wherein, fertilizer is phosphorated using water soluble fertilizer or urea
Acid dihydride potassium sprays, and concentration is 0.2%, and each dosage is 15g/m2；Weeding thinning：Using artificial weeding, 15d after emergence,
It is 4cm to remove seedling and/or bad seedling, in due course thinning, seedling spacing.
Field management：Poured water, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding processing；Wherein, Irrigation levels specifically include：
Carried out using drip irrigation system, keep soil maxmun field capacity 60%；Mended in time according to the growing way of plant, weather condition
Water-filling point；After kok-saghyz field planting survives, generally 1 times a week.Using drip irrigation fertilizer applying pot top dressing, fertilizer selects full water-soluble fertilizer
Material, each dosage 5kg/ mus, concentration 0.4%, using 4 times, adjacent two minor ticks 15d；Prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control processing is specific
Including：Slug uses 30% ether bacterium pyridine acyl bacterium using the 480g/ mus of preventions of 5% methaldehyde granule, powdery mildew is spread fertilizer over the fields
SC1500 times of liquid spraying prevention, leaf spot is using 10% difenoconazole WG, 1500 times of liquid spraying preventions；The specific bag of weeding processing
Include：By autumn plough shallowly and plough deeply, artificial weeding, weeding by machine and chemistry it is anti-grass control weed growth.
Plant harvests：Into early October then, kok-saghyz rhizome is harvested, after rhizome dries, be processed or
Person, which is put in storage, to be preserved.
Embodiment two
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of kok-saghyz, comprises the following steps：
Select orchard：The selection age of tree is no more than 5 years, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, draining is good, sand viscosity is suitable and garden
Interior fruit tree line-spacing is the apple orchard of 3m.
Basal dressing：Apply 1500kg/ mus fully decomposed of organic fertilizer, 25kg/ mus of phosphoric acid diamines.
Site preparation：Plough deeply in due course, and plough deeply 30cm, rake in time afterwards.
It is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Along fruit tree line direction bedding, two drip irrigation zones, drip irrigation zone are laid with each furrow
After completing, furrow face is flattened, using black mulch film overlay film, pattern is two band of a film, three row.Wherein, furrow face width is 70cm, works as fruit tree
Two furrow are done during the wide 3m of line-spacing, the aisle that width is 50cm are reserved between two neighboring furrow, using the drip irrigation zone of diameter 25mm；It is black
The width of color mulch is 90cm, thickness 0.03mm.
Transplanting in due course：Choose the kok-saghyz transplanted seedling with 4~5 true leaves and play transplantation of seedlings, 1d irrigates seedbed before transplanting
Water, so as to lifting, the main root with 4cm~5cm during lifting；Transplanting Density is 7400 plants/acre, and seeding row spacing is 30cm × 30cm, is moved
Root water is irrigated after having planted.Wherein, the plantation of rubber seedling transplanted seedling comprises the following steps：
S101：Vegetables are configured without the organic total nutrient matrix used in native hole plate seedling growth；Wherein, organic total nutrient matrix is main
Component is peat, turf, vermiculite and the perlite of equal proportion.
S102：Selection close on planting site, it is leeward on the sunny side, physical features is higher and the preferable place in water source is used as seedbed, by seedbed
Fine sand is uniformly filled after smooth；Wherein, seedbed area is according to transplanting field 1：200 ratio is purchased, the wide 1.5m in seedbed, long 6m,
Four side ridging of seedbed, the high 25cm in ridge, after seedbed is smooth, uniformly fills fine sand, fine sand thickness is 10cm, and keeps bed surface smooth.
S103：Rubber grass seed is placed in cloth bag and (accounts for cloth bag volume 1/3), is immersed in the tap water that can be drunk
6h, during which shakes sack every 1h, makes the seed uniform water absorption of the inside；
S104：Seedbed is poured before sowing permeable, the seed that S103 is obtained is admixed in fine sand and/or matrix and stirred
It is even, broadcasted sowing in late March, and during broadcasting sowing, application rate 8g/m2, substrates quantity 100g/m2, fine sand dosage is
200g/m2；One layer of seedling medium of lid is spread after the completion of sowing, and the thickness of coating is no more than 1cm；Covered in time with mulch afterwards
Lid, beneficial to moisturizing, promotes germination；Small plastic shed epiphragma is used afterwards, and Small plastic shed sagitta 45cm, encircles spacing 50cm, canopy film thickness
It is required that 0.1mm, covers tightly compacting；To ensure the suitable temperature light in seedbed, one layer of sunshade net of capping is needed outside shed.
S105：Canopy film is covered tightly before emergence, promotes seed to sprout；After seed sprouting reaches 50%, mulch is removed in time, is anti-
Only excessive growth, will be aerated cooling, cultivate obtain kok-saghyz transplanted seedling afterwards.In the step, following parameter is controlled：Temperature：Broadcast
The tight epiphragma of shed after kind, in canopy day temperature be maintained at 25 DEG C, cotyledon period be maintained at 25 DEG C, 2 leaf periods are maintained at 23 later
DEG C, the same ambient temperatures of 7d before transplanting；Moisture：Watering in due course, keeps bed soil moistening, and watering uses fountain, pours even pour every time
Thoroughly；Ventilation：When seedling all sprouts, timely ventilation, ventilation is controlled according to requirement of the seedling different stages of growth to temperature；Light
According to：After emergence fine day 17 when after to next day 11 when, and throw off sunshade net rainy days, ensure that seedling has suitable illumination；Apply
Fertile top dressing：Start top dressing during 2 leaf periods, every 15d top dressings 1 time；Wherein, fertilizer is phosphorated using water soluble fertilizer or urea
Acid dihydride potassium sprays, and concentration is 0.15%, and each dosage is 10g/m2；Weeding thinning：Using artificial weeding, 15d after emergence,
It is 3cm to remove seedling and/or bad seedling, in due course thinning, seedling spacing.
Field management：Poured water, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding processing；Wherein, Irrigation levels specifically include：
Carried out using drip irrigation system, keep soil maxmun field capacity 70%；Mended in time according to the growing way of plant, weather condition
Water-filling point；It is every 10 days 1 time general after kok-saghyz field planting survives.Using drip irrigation fertilizer applying pot top dressing, fertilizer selects full water-soluble fertilizer
Material, each dosage 5kg/ mus, concentration 0.3%, using 3 times, adjacent two minor ticks 20d；Prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control processing is specific
Including：Slug uses 30% ether bacterium pyridine acyl bacterium using the 600g/ mus of preventions of 5% methaldehyde granule, powdery mildew is spread fertilizer over the fields
SC1000 times of liquid spraying prevention, leaf spot is using 10% difenoconazole WG, 2000 times of liquid spraying preventions；The specific bag of weeding processing
Include：By autumn plough shallowly and plough deeply, artificial weeding, weeding by machine and chemistry it is anti-grass control weed growth.
Plant harvests：Into early October then, kok-saghyz rhizome is harvested, after rhizome dries, be processed or
Person, which is put in storage, to be preserved.
In addition, the growing way situation statistical analysis of kok-saghyz is harvested for embodiment one and embodiment two, and with conventional independent
The situation of estate rubber grass compares, and specific data are as shown in table 1：
The growing way situation list of each embodiment kok-saghyz of table 1
| Embodiment one | Embodiment two | |
| Kok-saghyz rhizome rate of growth/% | 16.8~18.3 | 15.9~16.5 |
It should be noted that except the situation that embodiment one and embodiment two are enumerated, the species of other raw material components and match somebody with somebody
It is more also possible than the condition in, preparation process and parameter etc..
The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz provided by the invention, the technology that effectively compensate for intercropping in garden kok-saghyz are empty
In vain, land utilization ratio in orchard is improved, increases the economic benefit of land area of one unit, planting cost is reduced, improves kok-saghyz
Yield and quality, plays the role of increasing both production and income.In addition, implantation methods provided by the invention are easy to operate, and it is easy to spread, have
It is widely applied value.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " are only used for description purpose, and cannot
It is interpreted as indicating or implies relative importance or imply the quantity of the technical characteristic indicated by indicating.Thus, define " the
One ", one or more this feature can be expressed or be implicitly included to the feature of " second ".In the description of the present invention,
" multiple " are meant that two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this area
Different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or exemplary feature can be implemented knot by art personnel
Close and combine.
Although having represented above and the embodiment that the invention has been described, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is to show
Example property, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to upper
State embodiment and implement change, modification, replacement and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of kok-saghyz, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S101：Prepare seedling medium；Wherein, the matrix is organic total nutrient matrix of the vegetables without native hole plate seedling growth；
S102：Selection close on planting site, it is leeward on the sunny side, physical features rationally and the place that has abundant water resources is as seedbed, by the seedbed
Fine sand is uniformly filled after smooth；
S103：By the rubber grass seed water retting 6h~8h, make seed uniform water absorption；
S104：Seedbed is poured before sowing permeable, the obtained seeds of the S103 are admixed in fine sand and/or matrix and are stirred
It is even, broadcasted sowing afterwards；One layer of seedling medium of lid is spread after the completion of sowing, and the thickness of coating is no more than 1cm；Use mulch in time
Covering, afterwards with Small plastic shed epiphragma, and is capped one layer of sunshade net on the outside of shed；
S105：Canopy film is covered tightly before emergence, promotes seed to sprout；After seed sprouting reaches 50%, mulch is removed in time, and led to
Wind cools down, and cultivates obtain kok-saghyz transplanted seedling afterwards.
2. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of：
Select orchard：Select the age of tree be no more than 5 years, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, draining is good, sand viscosity is suitable and garden in fruit
Set the orchard of line-spacing >=3m；
Basal dressing：1000kg/ mus~1500kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, 25kg/ mus of phosphoric acid diamines；
Site preparation：Plough deeply in due course, and plough deeply 25cm~30cm, rake in time afterwards；
It is laid with drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：Along fruit tree line direction bedding, two drip irrigation zones are laid with each furrow, drip irrigation zone is completed
Afterwards, furrow face is flattened, using black mulch film overlay film, pattern is two band of a film, three row；
Transplanting in due course：Mid or late May, chooses the kok-saghyz transplanted seedling with 4~5 true leaves and plays transplantation of seedlings, and band 4cm during lifting~
The main root of 5cm, and irrigate root water after having transplanted；Wherein, Transplanting Density is 7300 plants/acre~7500 plants/acre, and seeding row spacing is
30cm×30cm；
Field management：Poured water orchard, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and weeding processing；
Plant harvests：Then or second year early and middle ten days in October, kok-saghyz rhizome is harvested.
3. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
In the laying drip irrigation zone and/or mulch：
Furrow face width is 70cm, and two furrow are done as the wide 3m of fruit tree line-spacing, the aisle that width is 50cm is reserved between two neighboring furrow,
Using the drip irrigation zone of diameter 25mm；The width of the black mulch film is 90cm, and thickness is 0.03mm~0.05mm.
4. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the field management：
The Irrigation levels specifically include：Poured water using drip irrigation system, keep soil maxmun field capacity for 60%~
80%；Wherein, when kok-saghyz field planting survive after, Irrigation levels every 7 days~10 days once；
The top dressing processing specifically includes：Using drip irrigation fertilizer applying pot top dressing, fertilizer selects full water soluble fertilizer, each dosage 5kg
~8kg/ mus, concentration is 0.3%~0.4%, using 3~4 times, 15~20d of adjacent two minor tick；
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control processing specifically includes：Slug is anti-using 480g~600g/ mus of 5% methaldehyde granule is spread fertilizer over the fields
Control, powdery mildew uses 10% phenylate first using 30% ether bacterium pyridine acyl bacterium SC, 1000 times~1500 times liquid spraying preventions, leaf spot
1500 times~2000 times liquid spraying preventions of ring azoles WG；
The weeding processing specifically includes：By autumn plough shallowly and plough deeply, artificial weeding, weeding by machine and chemistry it is anti-grass control
Weed growth.
5. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the S102：
The seedbed area is according to transplanting field 1：200 ratio is purchased, the wide 1.3m~1.5m in seedbed, long 6m~8m, seedbed four
Side ridging, the high 20cm~25cm in ridge, after seedbed is smooth, uniformly fills fine sand, fine sand thickness is 10cm, and keeps bed surface smooth.
6. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the S104：
The time of sowing is late March；And it is described broadcast sowing during, application rate 8g/m2~10g/m2, substrates quantity 90g/
m2~110g/m2, fine sand dosage is 190g/m2~200g/m2；The sagitta of the Small plastic shed is 45cm, and arch spacing is 50cm, canopy
Film thickness is 0.1mm.
7. the implantation methods of kok-saghyz according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The condition of the S105 specifically includes：
Temperature：The after planting tight epiphragma of shed, in canopy day temperature be maintained at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C, cotyledon period be maintained at 25 DEG C~28
DEG C, 2 leaf periods are maintained at 21 DEG C~23 DEG C later, the same ambient temperatures of 7d~10d before transplanting；
Moisture：Watering in due course, keeps bed soil moistening, and watering uses fountain, pours even irrigate every time；
Ventilation：When seedling all sprouts, timely ventilation, ventilation is controlled according to requirement of the seedling different stages of growth to temperature；
Illumination：After emergence fine day 17 when after to next day 11 when, and throw off sunshade net rainy days, ensure that seedling has suitable light
According to；
Fertilising top dressing：Start top dressing during 2 leaf periods, every 15d top dressings 1 time；Wherein, fertilizer uses water soluble fertilizer or urine
Element plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate spray, and concentration is 0.15%~0.2%, and each dosage is 10g/m2~15g/m2；
Weeding thinning：Using artificial weeding, 15d after emergence removes seedling and/or bad seedling, in due course thinning, seedling spacing for 3cm~
4cm。
8. according to the implantation methods of any one of claim 1~7 kok-saghyz, it is characterised in that：
The orchard is apple orchard, theatre.
9. the kok-saghyz planted according to any one of claim 1~8 the method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711429394.2A CN107950370A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711429394.2A CN107950370A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107950370A true CN107950370A (en) | 2018-04-24 |
Family
ID=61955672
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711429394.2A Pending CN107950370A (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2017-12-26 | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107950370A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109089822A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-28 | 盐城市鹤鸣轩生态农业发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of orchard interplanting tawny daylily and Chinese milk vetch |
| CN109997447A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-12 | 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of method and its breeding apparatus of kok-saghyz seedling culture |
| CN110012755A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of method and breeding apparatus of kok-saghyz seedling factory culturing |
| CN112673745A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for improving soil by interplanting rape in orchard |
| CN115362884A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-22 | 辽源市禹然农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of taraxacum kok-saghyz |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104221651A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-12-24 | 普定县凤翎茶叶种植专业合作社 | Planting method of dandelion |
| CN104285621A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-21 | 亳州市凯利中药饮片有限公司 | Breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food |
| CN107094484A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-29 | 黄细环 | A kind of method that crystal sugar orange interplants dandelion |
| CN107148855A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-12 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of dandelion |
-
2017
- 2017-12-26 CN CN201711429394.2A patent/CN107950370A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104221651A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-12-24 | 普定县凤翎茶叶种植专业合作社 | Planting method of dandelion |
| CN104285621A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2015-01-21 | 亳州市凯利中药饮片有限公司 | Breeding method of dual-purpose dandelions for medicine and food |
| CN107148855A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-12 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of dandelion |
| CN107094484A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-29 | 黄细环 | A kind of method that crystal sugar orange interplants dandelion |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 张学超等: "种植密度对伊犁河谷移栽橡胶草农艺性状及产量的影响", 《山东农业科学》 * |
| 曾祥俊: "与世界同步迈向产业化进程的蒲公英橡胶", 《黑龙江科学》 * |
| 杨青云: "《农业技术职业教程》", 30 June 2014, 中原农民出版社 * |
| 王正春: "《重庆三峡水库消落区生态治理及苗木繁育技术研究》", 30 September 2016, 华中科技大学出版社 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109089822A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-28 | 盐城市鹤鸣轩生态农业发展有限公司 | The implantation methods of orchard interplanting tawny daylily and Chinese milk vetch |
| CN109997447A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-12 | 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of method and its breeding apparatus of kok-saghyz seedling culture |
| CN110012755A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of method and breeding apparatus of kok-saghyz seedling factory culturing |
| CN110012755B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2023-09-22 | 新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Method and device for factory cultivation of rubber grass seedlings |
| CN112673745A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for improving soil by interplanting rape in orchard |
| CN115362884A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-22 | 辽源市禹然农业发展有限公司 | Planting method of taraxacum kok-saghyz |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107950370A (en) | The implantation methods of intercropping in garden kok-saghyz | |
| CN102986397A (en) | Planting method for early-ripe oriental sweet melons at cold highland area | |
| CN108738960A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of citrus | |
| CN105660102A (en) | Nest sowing seedling reserving and transplanting dual-purpose rape planting method | |
| CN109937828A (en) | A kind of high yield cultivating method of Dryland interplanting corn semen viciae fabae | |
| CN108293478A (en) | One kind being suitable for desert arid biogeographic zone machine pick cotton chemical ripening and disleave method | |
| CN107455124B (en) | Cultivation method of rhodiola crenulata | |
| CN105900777B (en) | A kind of Fokienia hodginsii method for culturing seedlings that nursery stock qualification rate is high | |
| CN108293743A (en) | A kind of machine-transplanted rice seedling culture method | |
| CN103988657A (en) | Method for cultivating eggplants and cucumbers in greenhouse in interplanting method | |
| CN109937825A (en) | A kind of sole potato extremely early mature High-quality Cultivation method | |
| CN106034681A (en) | Abelmoschus manihot planting technique | |
| CN109328936A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of Aplotaxis auriculata | |
| CN107711021A (en) | A kind of tomato high-yield planting method | |
| CN116158316A (en) | High-yield method for overwintering cultivation of facility peppers | |
| CN111713354B (en) | Method for interplanting alfalfa and wheat under oasis-desert transition region apricot plum forest | |
| CN107926506A (en) | A kind of greenhouse vegetable implantation methods and system | |
| CN112889600A (en) | Cultivation method for interplanting and crop rotation of mountain pepper-corn-rape-garlic | |
| CN112425467A (en) | Planting method of flowering cabbage | |
| CN105935024A (en) | Method for cultivating square watermelons with characters | |
| CN105145125A (en) | Fruit cucumber greenhouse planting method | |
| CN111434210A (en) | Simple interplanting method for common head cabbages | |
| CN109076863A (en) | A kind of shiny-leaved yellowhorn direct seeding forestation method | |
| CN109258363A (en) | A kind of planting equipment and its implantation methods improving paris polyphylla volume increase | |
| CN111084057A (en) | Continuous cropping high-yield cultivation method for watermelons |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180424 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |