CN103081679B - Interplant method of camellia oleifera and torreya grandis young growth - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for interplanting camellia oleifera and torreya young forests, which is special in that peanuts and upland rice are interplanted at intervals in the camellia oleifera or torreya young forests, and the peanuts and upland rice are exchanged every other year. The present invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) upland rice provides shade for Camellia oleifera or Torreya oleifera seedlings, reducing the cost of shade nets; (2) interplanting upland rice and peanuts can store water and moisture for young camellia oleifera forests, preventing soil erosion; (3) ) Peanuts provide Camellia oleifera with the nitrogen necessary for early growth through the biological nitrogen fixation of rhizobia, saving the use of nitrogen fertilizers; (5) By substituting farming for caressing, weeds are suppressed, the management cost of camellia oleifera or Torreya torreya is reduced, the utilization rate of forest land and the multiple cropping index are increased, and economic benefits are increased.

Description

A kind of interplanting method of Camellia oleifera and Chinese torreya young forest

technical field

The invention relates to an interplanting method, in particular to a method for interplanting camellia oleifera and torreya young forests, belonging to a method for planting camellia oleifera and torreya.

Background technique

Camellia oleifera or Torreya torreya seedlings need shade, water retention, and nitrogen fertilization at the seedling stage of planting. Existing methods are through shade nets, watering and nitrogen fertilization. Due to the high cost of shading nets and the need for manual setting, the cost of shading is greatly increased; nitrogen fertilizer application is not only costly, but may also lead to land salinization.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency that exists in the prior art, and provide a kind of interplanting method of camellia oleifera or torreya young forest that can provide shade, and supply necessary nitrogen element.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: interplant peanuts and upland rice at intervals in camellia oleifera or Torreya torreya young forests, and exchange peanuts and upland rice every other year.

Camellia oleifera of the present invention, the interplanting method of Chinese torreya young forest is characterized in that concrete steps are:

1) In the land where Camellia oleifera or Chinese torreya young forest has been planted, use winter and spring along the horizontal belt to prepare the land, fully reclaim the inside of the belt, without weeds, and dig bamboo ditch on the inside;

2) When preparing the land, apply 1000kg/mu of decomposed farmyard manure, 0-50kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25kg/mu of N/P/K compound fertilizer, spread it, and cover with 5-8cm of soil;

3) After soil preparation and fertilization, between the rows of camellia oleifera seedlings or torreya seedlings, 20-50cm away from the camellia oleifera seedlings or torreya seedlings on both sides, sow upland rice and peanut seeds in holes. 5-10 grains per hole, two seeds of peanuts, size 20cm×30cm;

4) After the upland rice and peanuts are harvested, the remaining part is crushed and returned to the field;

5) In the second year, the soil is turned over, and the rows of peanuts and upland rice are planted interchangeably.

Step 5) of the present invention repeats interchange interplanting until Camellia oleifera seedlings are transplanted five years later, after Torreya seedlings are transplanted ten years, then need not carry out interplanting again.

Step 3 of the present invention) in hole-sowing upland rice and peanut seeds, the distance from camellia oleifera seedlings or Chinese torreya seedlings on both sides increases year by year.

The present invention has the following advantages and effects:

(1) Upland rice provides shade for camellia oleifera or Chinese torreya seedlings, reducing the cost of shade nets;

(2) The interplanting of upland rice and peanuts can store water and moisture in the Camellia oleifera young forest and prevent soil erosion;

(3) Peanuts provide Camellia oleifera with the necessary nitrogen for early growth through the biological nitrogen fixation of rhizobia, saving the use of nitrogen fertilizers;

(4) The intercropping and crop rotation of interplanting crops not only prevents soil hazards caused by heavy cropping, but also inhibits the occurrence and spread of diseases and insect pests, and plays an isolation role;

(5) To control weeds by substituting cultivation for cultivation, reduce the management cost of Camellia oleifera or Chinese torreya, improve the utilization rate of forest land and the multiple cropping index, and increase economic benefits;

(6) The leftovers of upland rice and peanuts are returned to the ground, through microbial activities, the soil structure is improved, the soil fertility is increased, the balance of various nutrient elements is maintained, and the soil environment for the nutrient growth of camellia oleifera or Chinese torreya seedlings is guaranteed;

(7) Camellia oleifera and Torreya torreya leaves and root tip secretions are rich in flavonoids, ketones and other bactericidal substances, which can effectively contact and kill soil pests and bacteria, and protect interplanting crops from pests without the use of pesticides;

(8) Use more organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers to produce high-quality oil and grain organic agricultural products without the need to apply chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The peanuts, Chinese torreya, tea oil and rice produced are all organic products;

(9) This method combines the production route of agriculture and forestry gardens, through the interplanting of oil and grain, symbiosis and mutual benefit, and better maintains the balance of soil fertility and the protection of the green natural environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the first year, the third year, the fifth year or the interplanting schematic diagram of the first year, the third year, the fifth year, the seventh year and the ninth year after the transplanting of the Camellia oleifera seedlings.

Fig. 2 is the interplanting schematic diagram of the second year, the fourth year or the second year, the fourth year, the sixth year, the eighth year and the tenth year after the transplanting of the Camellia oleifera seedlings.

Reference numerals: first horizontal zone 1, second horizontal zone 2, third horizontal zone 3, fourth horizontal zone 4, fifth horizontal zone 5, camellia oleifera seedlings or Chinese torreya seedlings 10, upland rice 20, peanuts 30.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are explanations of the present invention and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the concrete steps of Camellia oleifera interplanting method are:

1) In the first year of transplanting Camellia oleifera seedlings, in the land where Camellia oleifera saplings have been planted, use winter and spring along the horizontal belt to prepare the land, all the horizontal belts are fully reclaimed, no weeds, and the bamboo joints are dug inside;

2) When preparing the land, apply 1000kg/mu of decomposed farmyard manure, 0-50kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25kg/mu of N/P/K compound fertilizer, spread it, and cover with 5-8cm of soil;

3) From mid-May to early June after soil preparation and fertilization, between the rows of Camellia oleifera seedlings, 20cm away from Camellia oleifera seedlings on both sides, sow 20 seeds of upland rice and 30 seeds of peanuts in holes, the seeding rate of 20 upland rice is 3-4kg/mu, and the row spacing between plants is 15cm × 25cm, 5-10 grains per hole, 30 double-seed peanuts, size 20cm × 30cm, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, and in the second horizontal zone 2, The fourth horizontal belt 4 sows peanuts 30;

4) After the upland rice 20 and peanut 30 are harvested in October, the remaining part is crushed and returned to the field;

5) Turn over the soil from January to April in the second year of transplanting Camellia oleifera seedlings, and then sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, third horizontal zone 3 and fifth horizontal zone 5, and in the second horizontal zone 2 and fourth horizontal zone Belt 4 sows upland rice 20, and upland rice 20 and peanut 30 sown are 20cm away from both sides of Camellia oleifera seedlings;

6) In the third year of the transplanting of camellia seedlings, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 30cm away from the Camellia oleifera seedlings on both sides;

7) In the fourth year of Camellia oleifera seedling transplanting, sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow upland rice 20 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 40cm away from the Camellia oleifera seedlings on both sides;

8) In the fifth year of the transplanting of camellia seedlings, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 50cm away from the Camellia oleifera seedlings on both sides;

9) In the sixth year of transplanting Camellia oleifera seedlings, there is no need for interplanting. Because at this time, nitrogen is no longer the most needed element for Camellia oleifera seedlings. At this time, Camellia oleifera seedlings do not need shading, entropy preservation, and nitrogen fertilizer application. Interplanting.

Example 2.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the concrete steps of Torreya torreya young forest interplanting method are:

1) In the first year of transplanting torreya seedlings, in the land where young torreya forests have been planted, use winter and spring to prepare the ground along the horizontal belt, all horizontal belts are fully cultivated, without weeds, and the bamboo joints are dug inside;

2) When preparing the land, apply 1000kg/mu of decomposed farmyard manure, 0-50kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25kg/mu of N/P/K compound fertilizer, spread it, and cover with 5-8cm of soil;

3) From mid-May to early June after soil preparation and fertilization, between the rows of torreya seedlings, 20 cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides, sow 20 seeds of upland rice and 30 seeds of peanuts in holes. × 25cm, 5-10 grains per hole, 30 double-seed peanuts, size 20cm × 30cm, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, and in the second horizontal zone 2, The fourth horizontal belt 4 sows peanuts 30;

4) After the upland rice 20 and peanut 30 are harvested in October, the remaining part is crushed and returned to the field;

5) Turn over the soil from January to April in the second year after the torreya seedlings are transplanted, then sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, and in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone Band 4 sows upland rice 20, and upland rice 20 and peanut 30 sown are 25cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

6) In the third year when the torreya seedlings are transplanted, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 30cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

7) In the fourth year of torreya seedlings transplanting, sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow upland rice 20 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 40cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

8) In the fifth year when the Torreya seedlings are transplanted, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 50cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

9) In the sixth year of torreya seedlings transplanting, sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow upland rice 20 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 60cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

10) In the seventh year of torreya seedlings transplanting, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 70cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

11) In the eighth year of torreya seedlings transplanting, sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow upland rice 20 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 80cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

12) In the ninth year when the torreya seedlings are transplanted, sow upland rice 20 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow peanuts 30 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 90cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides;

13) In the tenth year of the transplanting of torreya seedlings, sow peanuts 30 in the first horizontal zone 1, the third horizontal zone 3 and the fifth horizontal zone 5, sow upland rice 20 in the second horizontal zone 2 and the fourth horizontal zone 4, and sow The upland rice 20 and the peanut 30 are 100cm away from the torreya seedlings on both sides; 14) In the eleventh year of the torreya seedlings transplanting, there is no need to interplant. Because at this time, nitrogen is no longer the most needed element for Torreya seedlings. At this time, Torreya seedlings do not need shading, entropy conservation, or more nitrogen fertilizers. Moreover, Torreya seedlings grow up and are no longer suitable for interplanting in forests. Interplanting.

The above content described in this specification is only an illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the content of the description of the present invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims , should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. oil tea, a Chinese torreya young growth interplanting method, is characterized in that: in oil tea or Chinese torreya young growth, spacer sleeve is cultivated peanut and upland rice, and next year peanut and upland rice exchange; Concrete steps are:

1) planted in the soil of oil tea or Chinese torreya young growth, utilized winter, the spring whole ground of flat rubber belting downstream, in band, entirely cultivated, without weeds, ring ditch is dug in inner side;

2), during whole ground, execute the farmyard manure 1000kg/ mu becoming thoroughly decomposed, phosphate fertilizer 0-50kg/ mu, N/P/K composite fertilizer 15-25kg/ mu, spreads fertilizer over the fields, earthing 5-8cm;

3) after site preparation and fertilization, at oil tea seedling or Chinese torreya seedling in the ranks, apart from both sides oil tea seedling or Chinese torreya seedling 20-50cm, bunch planting upland rice and peanut seed, upland rice seeding quantity is 3-4kg/ mu, seeding row spacing is 15cm × 25cm, every cave 5-10 grain, peanut double-granule bunch planting, specification 20cm × 30cm;

4) after upland rice and peanut are gathered, by remainder, pulverize, go back to field;

5) Second Year, digs, and the row of peanut and upland rice is exchanged to plantation.

2. according to the oil tea described in claim 1, Chinese torreya young growth interplanting method, it is characterized in that: described step 5) in repeat to exchange interplanting until oil tea transplantation of seedlings after 5 years, Chinese torreya transplantation of seedlings is after 10 years, without interplanting again.

3. according to the oil tea described in claim 1, Chinese torreya young growth interplanting method, it is characterized in that: described step 3) in bunch planting upland rice and peanut seed apart from the distance of both sides oil tea seedling or Chinese torreya seedling, increase year by year.

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