CN106797783A - A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri Download PDFInfo
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- CN106797783A CN106797783A CN201611240198.6A CN201611240198A CN106797783A CN 106797783 A CN106797783 A CN 106797783A CN 201611240198 A CN201611240198 A CN 201611240198A CN 106797783 A CN106797783 A CN 106797783A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri, belong to field of plant growing technology.For yielding poorly of solving that traditional nonoculture radix bupleuri and nonoculture walnut occur, inferior problem, walnut interplanting radix bupleuri cultural method of the invention by walnut fallen leaves and radix bupleuri bud, and with common house refuse such as：Pomelo peel, potato peel and various natural plant compositions etc. are fully combined for radix bupleuri Seed Treatment, select woods and site preparation and fertilization, sowing, native water and fertilizer management, control stem and promoting root growth, the steps such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, both it had been nutrition necessary to the offer in radix bupleuri radix bupleuri and walnut growth stage, improve soil, radix bupleuri residues of pesticides are solved the problems, such as, organic farming is fully achieved；Plantation walnut and radix bupleuri yield are improve again, while improving the quality of walnut and radix bupleuri, increased the commodity performance of walnut and radix bupleuri.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, specifically a kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri.
The content of the invention
Walnut, is Hu Ketao plants also known as English walnut, Jiang Tao, is one of four big nuts, and its walnut kernel is that nutrition is high is good for
Health food, containing abundant nutrient, the effects such as with brain, benefiting qi and nourishing blood, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm, warm lung ease constipation, strong brain is mended, tool
There is abundant nutritive value, it is deep to be liked by consumers in general.Due to commercially enjoying great popularity, walnut price Continued.
Although China's walnut cultivated area is big, occupy first place in the world, walnut yield is low and unstable always, and quality is very different, economy effect
Beneficial not high, one side nonoculture walnut, causes walnut head is little, kernel percent low, greatly reduces the commodity performance of walnut, to fruit
Agriculture causes serious economic loss.On the other hand, can there is cycle in time in field planting walnut, waste the same of land resource
When, the also invisible income for reducing orchard worker, in order to improve land utilization ratio, changes the single cultivation mode of traditional walnut, selection
It is the optimal selection that realization is increased income with its crops interplanting cultivation.
Radix bupleuri is samphire, is used as medicine with root, and toil is slightly cold, and is expelled the heat-evil with saturating table, the work(of soothing liver-qi stagnation etc.,《Book on Chinese herbal medicine
Detailed outline》Claim it and there is Zhi Yangre to sink, the burnt envelope of the soothing the liver courage three mutually disease such as fire and headache, dizziness.In recent years, radix bupleuri is domestic and exports
Demand greatly, supply falls short of demand for high-quality radix bupleuri.But because radix bupleuri seed dormancy phase is long, germination percentage is low, and radix bupleuri Seedling Stage
Be afraid of direct sunlight, therefore, radix bupleuri and other crops interplanting cultivations were more and more in recent years, were most generally interplanting wheat, jade
Rice and soybean.When radix bupleuri interplanting corn and wheat, then there is a problem of that mechanical harvesting is difficult, increased human cost.Patent Shen
Numbers 2014105676788 please disclose " cultural method that a kind of soybean interplants radix bupleuri " to the method overcome mechanical harvesting difficult
Problem, improves radix bupleuri survival rate, but the relevant report of radix bupleuri drug effect is not improved by interplanting.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art or defect, there is provided a kind of cultivation of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri
Culture method.
A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri, specifically includes following steps：
(1), radix bupleuri seed selection and treatment：Growth selection is healthy and strong, and no disease and pests harm is given birth to radix bupleuri plant and reserved seed for planting then；By preferred bavin
Hu seed is immersed in acetum 120min, 80min, 40min that concentration is 2mol/L, 1.5mol/L and 1mol/L, ladder successively
2-4 DEG C of cold water flush 1-2min is used after degree immersion, after the surface of the seed moisture is blotted with blotting paper, in 30 DEG C of environment, will be planted
Attached bag carries out vernalization in being embedded in the fine sand for having infiltrated mao bamboon water extract, can sowing after 75%-80% seed breaches；
(2), woods and site preparation are selected：Selection height above sea level 1800-2000m, the walnut area that the age of tree is 2 years, period is grafting in 3 years；
In late October, walnut is fallen leaves and is collected and is dried to constant weight in 30 DEG C of environment, crushed 100 mesh sieves, add 4 DEG C of cold water
It is 50% to water content；Obtain final product cultivation matrix；Vacant lot between deep ploughing walnut, tilling depth 30-40cm, with reference to every mu of administration of deep ploughing
Become thoroughly decomposed base manure 1000-2000kg, picks except chad, leveling rake are thin, makes 1.5 meters of furrow face, 40 centimetres of high ridge wide, high；Described corruption
Ripe base manure is by weight by 100-200 parts of potato peel, 50-100 green peel of walnut, 50-80 portions of pineapple peel, 10-30 portions of shaddock
After skin, 300-500 part of fresh pig dung mixing, 0.05-0.1 times of dry ferment of mixture weight is added, be placed on shady place and fermented, sent out
45 days ferment time, obtain final product the base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed；
(3) sow：In early November then, bunch planting kind, line-spacing 20-25cm, hill spacing 8-10cm, in every cave are opened in high ridge
One thickness of uniform laying is the cultivation matrix of 5-8cm, and the radix bupleuri seed after treatment is placed in matrix, covers one layer of wheat of 3-5cm
Grass, then full black plastic mulching, per bunch planting kind 2-3, next year emerge after timely rupture of membranes, prevent seedling from burning to death, every mu of seed consumption
2.0-3.5kg；
(4), native water and fertilizer management：As radix bupleuri seedling 15cm, thinning, every mu is stayed seedling 13000-14000 plants, and appropriate fertilising is poured
Water, every mu is poured and applies liquid manure 800-1200kg；Described liquid manure is by 10-15 parts of light violet perilla leaf, 20-30 parts of fresh flatspine pricklyash leaf, 5-
10 parts of fresh bermudagrass herbs, 15-20 parts of fresh oriental blueberry leaf, 20-30 parts of fresh castor leaf, 30-40 parts of thickness mix for the fresh ginger piece of 0.5cm
After smash to pieces, add the 1.5 times of decoctings of its gross weight to boil 60min, filter, filtrate is liquid manure；
(5), stem and promoting root growth are controlled：Early August to early October is the florescence of radix bupleuri, answers timely pinching except flower bud, prevents bolting from opening
Flower, in the shallow plowing soil at walnut 3-5cm, tilling depth 10-15cm places into the soil the bud that radix bupleuri is extractd with reference to ploughing shallowly,
And pour permeable；
(6), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
After the sodium chloride solution that omei mountain bamboo juvenile leaf leaching liquor mass concentration is 0.9% is diluted into 500 times, when radix bupleuri seedling is long extremely
During 5cm, radix bupleuri leaf and Walnut Leaves are sprayed simultaneously, every spray in 7-10 days once, even spray 2-3 times；
In the 7-8 months, by Zanthoxylum simulans extract distilled water diluting to 1000 times it is uniform to radix bupleuri blade and bud with
And Walnut Leaves are sprayed, every sprinkling in 5-7 days once, even spray 2-3 times；
(7), timely collecting
Radix bupleuri is harvested：Ground cauline leaf is gathered in reaping hook in late September to early October, is dried or is dried, after root is dug out
Shrug off soil, cut off residual stem, spill dry after monoblock rhizosphere is cut into chunks；
Walnut is harvested：Late October, walnut is changed into yellow green or light yellow from rascal, and fine hair tails off, part fruit top
There is crack, you can harvesting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is：Compared with traditional nonoculture radix bupleuri and nonoculture walnut planting method, walnut of the invention
Interplanting radix bupleuri cultural method falls leaves and radix bupleuri bud walnut, and with common house refuse such as：Pomelo peel, potato peel and various
Natural plant composition etc. fully combine for radix bupleuri Seed Treatment, select woods and site preparation and fertilization, sowing, native water and fertilizer management, control stem and
The steps such as promoting root growth, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, both provided required nutrition for radix bupleuri and walnut grow each stage, improved soil, solved
The problem of radix bupleuri residues of pesticides, fully achieves organic farming；Plantation walnut and radix bupleuri yield are improve again, while improving
The quality of walnut and radix bupleuri, increased the commodity performance of walnut and radix bupleuri.
Specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention by the following examples, it should be understood that these embodiments are only used for illustration
Purpose, is not limited to the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri, specifically includes following steps：
(1), radix bupleuri seed selection and treatment：Growth selection is healthy and strong, and no disease and pests harm is given birth to radix bupleuri plant and reserved seed for planting then；By preferred bavin
Hu seed is immersed in hydrochloric acid solution 120min, 80min, 40min that concentration is 2mol/L, 1.5mol/L and 1mol/L, ladder successively
2-4 DEG C of cold water flush 1-2min is used after degree immersion, after the surface of the seed moisture is blotted with blotting paper, in 30 DEG C of environment, will be planted
Attached bag carries out vernalization in being embedded in the fine sand for having infiltrated mao bamboon water extract, can sowing after 80% seed breach；
(2), woods and site preparation are selected：Selection height above sea level 1800-2000m, the walnut area that the age of tree is 2 years, period is grafting in 3 years；
In late October, walnut is fallen leaves and is collected and is dried to constant weight in 30 DEG C of environment, crushed 100 mesh sieves, add 4 DEG C of cold water
It is 50% to water content；Obtain final product cultivation matrix；Vacant lot between deep ploughing walnut, tilling depth 35cm applies rotten for every mu with reference to deep ploughing
Ripe base manure 1500kg, picks except chad, leveling rake are thin, makes 1.5 meters of furrow face, 40 centimetres of high ridge wide, high；The described base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed
It is after by weight mixing 150 parts of potato peels, 80 green peel of walnut, 65 parts of pineapple peels, 20 parts of pomelo peels, 500 parts of fresh pig dungs,
0.05 times of dry ferment of mixture weight is added, shady place is placed on and is fermented, fermentation time 45 days obtains final product the base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed；
(3) sow：In early November then, bunch planting kind is opened in high ridge, line-spacing 25cm, hill spacing 9cm uniformly spread in every cave
If a thickness is the cultivation matrix of 7cm, the radix bupleuri seed after treatment is placed in matrix, covers the thick wheat straws of one layer of 4cm, then it is completely black
Film is covered, per bunch planting kind 2, next year emerge after rupture of membranes in time, prevent seedling from burning to death, every mu of seed consumption 2.5kg；
(4), native water and fertilizer management：As radix bupleuri seedling 15cm, thinning, every mu is stayed 13500 plants of seedling, appropriate fertilizing, watering, every mu
Pour and apply liquid manure 1000kg；Described liquid manure is by 10 parts of light violet perilla leafs, 25 parts of fresh flatspine pricklyash leafs, 8 parts of fresh bermudagrass herbs, 18 parts of fresh south
Candle leaf, 25 parts of fresh castor leaves, 35 parts of thickness add the 1.5 times of decoctings of its gross weight to boil to be smashed to pieces after the fresh ginger piece mixing of 0.5cm
60min, filtering, filtrate is liquid manure；
(5), plant height is controlled:Radix bupleuri stalk is thinner and more delicate, and rain easily lodges to the wind, should control plant height, is trained in root during tillage and weeding
Soil.Pinched at once during more than plant height 40cm, in case excessive growth, plant height control is in 45cm or so；
(6), stem and promoting root growth are controlled：Early August to early October is the florescence of radix bupleuri, answers timely pinching except flower bud, prevents bolting from opening
Flower, in the shallow plowing soil at walnut 3-5cm, tilling depth 10-15cm places into the soil the bud that radix bupleuri is extractd with reference to ploughing shallowly,
And pour permeable；
(6), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
After the sodium chloride solution that omei mountain bamboo juvenile leaf leaching liquor mass concentration is 0.9% is diluted into 500 times, when radix bupleuri seedling is long extremely
During 5cm, radix bupleuri leaf and Walnut Leaves are sprayed simultaneously, every spray in 7-10 days once, even spray 2-3 times；
In the 7-8 months, by Zanthoxylum simulans extract distilled water diluting to 1000 times it is uniform to radix bupleuri blade and bud with
And Walnut Leaves are sprayed, every sprinkling in 5-7 days once, even spray 2-3 times；
(7), timely collecting
Radix bupleuri is harvested：Ground cauline leaf is gathered in reaping hook in late September to early October, is dried or is dried, after root is dug out
Shrug off soil, cut off residual stem, spill dry after monoblock rhizosphere is cut into chunks；
Walnut is harvested：Late October, walnut is changed into yellow green or light yellow from rascal, and fine hair tails off, part fruit top
There is crack, you can harvesting.
Test example
Test site：Gansu Province Longnan City Cheng County walnut plantation demonstration area (height above sea level 1800-1900 meters)；Cheng County category is warm
Temperate zone grassland climate, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, changes in temperature appropriateness.Average annual temperature is 12.1 DEG C, 186 days frost-free periods, year sunshine time
1468.5 hours, the millimeter of average annual rainfall 581.6, relative temperature 75%.
Test method:Experiment sets different disposal, respectively shown in nonoculture walnut (A), nonoculture radix bupleuri (B) and embodiment
Walnut interplants radix bupleuri (C), contrasts different planting, to fresh walnut yield, the walnut footpath, kernel percent, the oil content anyhow that harvest
And the influence of fresh radix bupleuri yield and bupleurum total saponin content.
Described walnut yield, walnut footpath, kernel percent, oil content and radix bupleuri yield and saikoside assay side anyhow
Method is measured using conventional determining method, is the technology that those skilled in the art should know.
Implementation result
1st, different planting to walnut yield and walnut anyhow footpath, kernel percent, walnut kernel oil content influence be shown in Table 1.
Influence of the different planting of table 1 to walnut yield and quality
As shown in Table 1, compared with nonoculture walnut, walnut interplanting radix bupleuri significantly improves the yield of walnut, and walnut
Quality is also obviously improved, and greatly increased the commodity performance of walnut, is that orchard worker increased economic well-being of workers and staff.
2nd, influence of the different planting to radix bupleuri yield and saikoside content is shown in Table 2.
Influence of the different planting of table 2 to, radix bupleuri yield and quality
| Treatment code name | Planting type | Per mu yield/kg | Bupleurum total saponin content mg/g |
| A | Nonoculture radix bupleuri | 160.5 | 76.13 |
| C | Walnut interplants radix bupleuri | 280.6 | 35.69 |
Substantially learnt by table 2, nonoculture radix bupleuri yield compared with walnut interplanting radix bupleuri is substantially reduced, and is mainly lived in radix bupleuri
Property composition bupleurum total saponin content it is relatively low, therefore, walnut of the invention interplanting radix bupleuri cultural method can significantly improve bavin
The medical value of radix bupleuri is lifted while Hu yield.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cultural method of walnut forest interplanting radix bupleuri, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1), radix bupleuri seed selection and treatment：Growth selection is healthy and strong, and no disease and pests harm is given birth to radix bupleuri plant and reserved seed for planting then；By preferred Bupleurum Species
Son is immersed in acetum 120min, 80min, 40min that concentration is 2mol/L, 1.5mol/L and 1mol/L, gradient leaching successively
2-4 DEG C of cold water flush 1-2min is used after bubble, after the surface of the seed moisture is blotted with blotting paper, in 30 DEG C of environment, attached bag will be planted
Being embedded in the fine sand for having infiltrated mao bamboon water extract carries out vernalization, can sowing after 75%-80% seed breaches；
(2), woods and site preparation are selected：Selection height above sea level 1800-2000m, the walnut area that the age of tree is 2 years, period is grafting in 3 years；10
Month last ten-days period, walnut is fallen leaves and is collected and is dried to constant weight in 30 DEG C of environment, crushed 100 mesh sieves, add 4 DEG C of cold water to containing
Water is 50%；Obtain final product cultivation matrix；Vacant lot between deep ploughing walnut, tilling depth 30-40cm becomes thoroughly decomposed with reference to every mu of administration of deep ploughing
Base manure 1000-2000kg, picks except chad, leveling rake are thin, makes 1.5 meters of furrow face, 40 centimetres of high ridge wide, high；The described base that becomes thoroughly decomposed
Fertilizer be by weight by 100-200 parts of potato peel, 50-100 green peel of walnut, 50-80 parts of pineapple peel, 10-30 parts of pomelo peel,
After 300-500 parts of fresh pig dung mixing, 0.05-0.1 times of dry ferment of mixture weight is added, be placed on shady place and fermented, fermented
45 days time, obtain final product the base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed；
(3) sow：In early November then, bunch planting kind is opened in high ridge, line-spacing 20-25cm, hill spacing 8-10cm are uniform in every cave
The cultivation matrix that a thickness is 5-8cm is laid, the radix bupleuri seed after treatment is placed in matrix, cover one layer of wheat straw of 3-5cm, then
Full black plastic mulching, per bunch planting kind 2-3, next year emerge after timely rupture of membranes, prevent seedling from burning to death, every mu of seed consumption 2.0-
3.5kg；
(4), native water and fertilizer management：As radix bupleuri seedling 15cm, thinning, every mu is stayed seedling 13000-14000 plants, appropriate fertilizing, watering, often
Mu is poured applies liquid manure 800-1200kg；Described liquid manure be by 10-15 parts of light violet perilla leaf, 20-30 parts of fresh flatspine pricklyash leaf, 5-10 parts it is fresh
Bermudagrass herb, 15-20 part of fresh oriental blueberry leaf, 20-30 parts of fresh castor leaf, 30-40 parts of thickness are smash after mixing for the fresh ginger piece of 0.5cm
It is broken, add the 1.5 times of decoctings of its gross weight to boil 60min, to filter, filtrate is liquid manure；
(5), stem and promoting root growth are controlled：Early August to early October is the florescence of radix bupleuri, answers timely pinching except flower bud, prevents bolting from blooming,
In the shallow plowing soil at walnut 3-5cm, tilling depth 10-15cm places into the soil the bud that radix bupleuri is extractd with reference to ploughing shallowly, and pour
It is permeable；
(6), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
After the sodium chloride solution that omei mountain bamboo juvenile leaf leaching liquor mass concentration is 0.9% is diluted into 500 times, when radix bupleuri seedling is long to 5cm
When, radix bupleuri leaf and Walnut Leaves are sprayed simultaneously, every spray in 7-10 days once, even spray 2-3 times；In the 7-8 months, by Zanthoxylum simulans
Extract was uniformly sprayed to 1000 times with distilled water diluting to radix bupleuri blade and bud and Walnut Leaves, every 5-7 days
Sprinkling once, is even sprayed 2-3 times；
(7), timely collecting
Radix bupleuri is harvested：Ground cauline leaf is gathered in reaping hook in late September to early October, is dried or is dried, root shrugs off after digging out
Soil, cuts off residual stem, spills dry after monoblock rhizosphere is cut into chunks；
Walnut is harvested：Late October, walnut is changed into yellow green or light yellow from rascal, and fine hair tails off, and fruit top in part occurs
Crack, you can harvesting.
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| CN107926447A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-20 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of method of mountain bridge circulation plantation raising |
| CN109156244A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-08 | 江苏绿苑园林建设有限公司 | A kind of container seedling culture method of crape myrtle |
| CN110771366A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-11 | 河南农业大学 | Artificial breeding method for primula |
| CN111296153A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-19 | 云南农业大学 | Planting method for interplanting costus root under walnut forest |
| CN113243268A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-13 | 平村众赢(湖北)药业有限公司 | Comprehensive weed control method in radix bupleuri planting |
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