CN107926514A - A kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus, the step of including selection of land, clear woods, site preparation, plantation, daily management and harvesting and storing, annual early September is transplanted by seeding row spacing 20cm × 25cm by the end of October, earthing is planted tight, thickness of earth-fill cover is 4 6cm, and desinsection particle is applied during site preparation and is carried out disinfection to soil desinsection, neat seedling stage applies a desinsection particle insect-killing trapping in soil surface.The hayashishita land resource that the present invention can would sit idle for makes full use of, on the premise of panax japonicus quality and yield is ensured, the cost payout of arable land plantation panax japonicus is greatly reduced, effectively prevent panax japonicus and the serious phenomenon generation of damage of burning day is caused by direct sunlight in arable land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine planting technology field, more particularly to a kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus.
Background technology
The drying of araliaceae ginseng plant panax japonicus (Panax japonicus C.A.Mey) is me in the whiplike rhizome of bamboo
State's rare traditional Chinese medicine.Panax japonicus is perennial herb, wild high 50-80cm, and it is high up to 150cm to cultivate plant.Rhizome accumbency, is in
Bamboo is whiplike, fleshy hypertrophy, white, tool depression stem trace between tubercle, and the product rhizome of cultivating can weigh 1kg.Qing Dynasty's Zhao Xuemin exists《Herbal guiding principle
Mesh is picked up any lost article from the road》Described in " shaped like ginseng ", " sweet in flavor quite like ginseng ", " have between on skin band Lu Jie lines person ", " color in vain such as stiff silkworm, every
On have indenture such as mortar ", therefore named panax japonicus.Traditional Chinese medicine thinks, panax japonicus is sweet in flavor, slight bitter, warm-natured, the taste of existing similar ginseng
The reinforcement effect of strengthening, and have " removing blood stasis and analgesics, hemostasis eliminating the phlegm " effect of similar pseudo-ginseng, it is mainly used for eak after being ill, overstrain cough hemoptysis, cough
Cough abundant expectoration, traumatic injury, is known as " herbal medicine king " in panax japonicus Distribution Area by local medicine craftsman.
The research of modern pharmacology medicineization shows that panax japonicus main active is panax japonicus saponin, ginsenoside, pseudo-ginseng soap
Glucoside, pseudoginsenoside etc., have therefrom isolated 14 kinds of saponin(es, thick saponin content about 23.6% so far.With belong to together ginseng,
Pseudo-ginseng is compared, its panax japonicus saponin content is higher, and based on oleanane glycoside, dammarane saponins also has necessarily
Content.In addition, also contain panax japonicus polysaccharide, volatile oil and 17 kinds of water-soluble amino acids, wherein 8 kinds of human bodies must amino acid
There is certain content.There is anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypoglycemic and arrhythmia, before there are wide utilization
Scape.
Since panax japonicus has envirment factor sensitive Ecological Fragility, and wild resource is excavated by madness, bamboo
Section ginseng resource is fewer and fewer, and family's kind utilization are the certainty of its development, but panax japonicus man kind is chronically at peasant household and voluntarily develops
In the stage, be to continue to use traditional arable land plantation panax japonicus mostly.However, the soil and handling facility of traditional arable land plantation panax japonicus into
This height, is added significantly to the cost payout of arable land plantation panax japonicus.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus, plantation ring is made
The soil and handling facility cost of ginseng are low, to reduce the cost payout of plantation panax japonicus.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technological means：
A kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus, comprises the following steps：
First, selection of land
Standing forest：Select broad-leaf forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, it is desirable to which it is tall and big that the trees are sparse in forest land, more empty under crown canopy
Spacious, the small-sized bamboo grove of the excessive coniferous forest of canopy density or a large amount of bamboo whips of topsoil distribution is not suitable for；
Slope aspect and the gradient：Selection slope aspect is Schattenseite or half Schattenseite, and the gradient is planted for the stage casing on the hillside of 5-25 degree；
Soil：Select loose fertile, moistening and draining is good, top layer fertile soil reaches more than 5cm Acid soil；
Weather：Weather cools humidity, average annual 8 DEG C -10 DEG C of temperature, year 2700-3000 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, frost-free period 180-
220d, year sunshine time 1400-1600h, mean annual precipitation are more than 1200mm；
2nd, clear woods, site preparation
Time：Carry out before annual early September-plantation by the end of October；
Clear woods：According to canopy density in 0.6-0.7 the intermediate cuttings overstocked woods and undershrub, by hayashishita weeds and illumination is influenced
The bushes of below 1.5m are all cut off, and cleaning thing is all removed forest land harmless treatment；
Site preparation and disinfection：Comprehensive depth of soil preparation 25-35cm under the premise of tree growth is not destroyed, by withered tree root, stone etc.
The cleaning of soil debris removes, and then applies desinsection particle, and site preparation ploughs rake uniformly；
Apply fertilizer to the subsoil：Base fertilizer mainly based on organic fertilizer, using abundant decomposed whole thin pig, ox, sheep manure etc., application of organic fertilizers per acre
3000kg, is mixed by ploughing rake with soil；
Ditching, ridging：By physical relief ditching, ridging, the wide 1-1.2m in railway carriage or compartment, length are depending on landform, depth of ditching 15-
25cm, wide 25-35m；
3rd, plant
Select seedling：The panax japonicus seedling bodily form is natural, rhizome is relatively slightly long, health is disease-free, has no mechanical damage, single plant weight
More than 10g, band sprout bud more than one；
Transplant the time：Annual early September-transplant by the end of October；
Plant：Transplanted by seeding row spacing 20cm × 25cm, earthing plants tight, thickness of earth-fill cover 4-6cm；
4th, daily management
Canopy density：Plantation First Year Canopy densities are maintained at 0.6-0.7, and canopy density can be gradually lowered to after second year
0.4-0.5, will carry out sparse branching and dredge leaf as canopy density are excessive；
Weeding, loosen the soil：More than 3 times weedings are arranged in the 4-9 months every year, are loosened the soil with reference to weeding, to promote plant strain growth
Development, prevents pest and disease damage, and weeding is preferably shallow to remove in order to avoid injuring rhizome；
Top dressing：Respectively before flowering and spraying fertilizer 2 times after buddingging, top dressing uses diluted night soil, composite fertilizer, night soil
Dose is 2000kg/ mus each, and each 20kg/ mus of composite fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields；
Drainage waterlogging prevention：Panax japonicus intolerant to waterlogging, in rainy season it is noted that cleaning ditch water discharge, prevents ponding, keep good
Root gas permeability；
Pest and disease damage：It is that soil surface applies a desinsection particle in neat seedling stage, the Major Pests of panax japonicus are underground evils
Worm cutworm, endangers root system, causes the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, and prevention is answered " putting prevention first, integrated control ", sterilized by bed soil, draining is prevented
The methods of flood and cleaning rural area, is prevented.
5th, harvest and store
Panax japonicus can harvest after transplanting 4 years, and be excavated in autumn, during excavation hoe under gap beside plant hoe by
Step is dug to rhizome, has dug complete stool, is removed soil and cauline leaf, is obtained rhizome using fresh herb or dry pack, dry rhizome removing crust,
Put and dried at aeration-drying, after drying, remove impurity, spare, Anti-moth-eating is stored at cool place is dry.
Further, the soil in step 1 is the one or more in mountain yellow brown soil, brown earth or dark brown earth.
Further, the pH value of the soil in step 1 is 5.5-6.5.
Further, the ditching, ridging in step 2 is used along hillside current direction trench digging.
Further, the top dressing in step 4 selects weather fertilising i.e. rainy after fertilising.
Further, desinsection particle mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：5-10 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 1-3 parts of wheat bran, cotton
3-5 parts of the oyster shell whiting of 2-4 parts of benevolence cake powder, 3-5 parts of gelatin and carried titanium dioxide.
Further, the preparation method of desinsection particle is as follows：
A. first sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves, then
The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot respectively, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton benevolence
Cake powder and wheat bran are uniformly mixed, and obtain mixed-powder；
B., gelatin is first immersed to 1h in the deionized water of 5 times of quality, is then heated up to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin complete
Dissolve, obtain gelatin solution；
C. the oyster shell whiting of mixed-powder and carried titanium dioxide is added in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, Ran Houyong
Oscillating granulator is granulated, that is, obtains desinsection particle.
Desinsection particle can make desinsection particle meet water softening without dissipating, relative to traditional change by the use of gelatin as shaping raw material
Medicament environmental pollution is small, and action effect is influenced small by rainwater weather；Wheat bran is as absorption carrier, the effect of cotton benevolence cake powder
Cutworm feeding is lured using its smell, and vigor weakens after cutworm feeding desinsection particle, largely pierces underground and dead, prevents
Cutworm endangers panax japonicus root system, and the cutworm for piercing underground brings desinsection particle into underground；After cutworm death, desinsection
The oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide in grain is released, and the soil texture can be made more loose, promotes panax japonicus growth；And
Nano-titanium dioxide has the function of that killing harmful bacteria, degradable organic pollutant etc. are efficient, it can not only be sterilized, and can also make thin
The endotoxin produced after bacterium is dead decomposes, and can play the role of lasting Anti-bacterium, prevents panax japonicus from infecting germ；And site preparation
During digging, the nano-titanium dioxide in soil is translated into top layer, and the disinfection effect to soil can be lifted under sunlight
Fruit.
Further, the shell powder, preparation method thereof of carried titanium dioxide is as follows：
Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, is used
Deionized water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；
Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio is mixed to get mixed solution, and obtained mixed solution is placed in frozen water
After cooling down lh in bath, the porous oyster shell whiting of 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution is added, is uniformly mixed, then adds porous shell
The TiCl of 0.05 times of weight of powder4It is uniformly mixed, then 1h is hydrolyzed with salt acid for adjusting pH value to 0.5-1.0, is then filtered to remove filtrate,
Residue washing, roasts at 500 DEG C, obtains the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1. the hayashishita land resource that the present invention can would sit idle for makes full use of, than saving 5000 using the plantation panax japonicus that ploughs
Cost more than member/mu, not only cost of land is by more than 600 yuan/mu using arable land being reduced to less than 50 yuan/mu, but also subtracts
The cost that shade is taken using arable land is lacked, 5000 yuan or so of cost has been reduced per acre, further, since hayashishita shade environment, weeds
Less, comparable the decrease of cultivated land weeding labour of more than half is grown, the labor cost of about 500 yuan/mu can be reduced every year,
Only increase the labor cost of about 1000 yuan/mu in the clear woods site preparation stage first, ensure the premise of panax japonicus quality and yield
Under, the cost payout of arable land plantation panax japonicus is greatly reduced, effectively prevent panax japonicus and day is caused by direct sunlight in arable land
The serious phenomenon of damage of burning occurs.
2. the Major Pests cutworm that panax japonicus is murdered by way of desinsection particle is trapped and killed of the present invention, and it is old by ground
Brave general's desinsection particle brings underground into, and environmental pollution is small compared with traditional chemical agent, and action effect is influenced by rainwater weather
Small, the pest and germ killing to underground are more thorough, and can play the role of lasting disinfection and supplement calcareous fertilisers.
Embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail：
The preparation embodiment one of desinsection particle
Desinsection particle mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 5 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 1 part of wheat bran, 2 parts of cotton benevolence cake powder, bright
3 parts of the oyster shell whiting of 3 parts of glue and carried titanium dioxide.Its preparation method is as follows：
Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, is used
Deionized water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio
Mixed solution is mixed to get, obtained mixed solution is placed in ice-water bath after cooling lh, adds 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution
Porous oyster shell whiting, be uniformly mixed, then add the TiCl of porous 0.05 times of weight of oyster shell whiting4It is uniformly mixed, then with hydrochloric acid tune
Save pH value and hydrolyze 1h to 0.5-1.0, be then filtered to remove filtrate, residue washing, roasts at 500 DEG C, obtains load titanium dioxide
The oyster shell whiting of titanium.First sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, is dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves,
The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot respectively again, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton
Benevolence cake powder and wheat bran are uniformly mixed, and obtain mixed-powder；Gelatin is first immersed to 1h, Ran Houjia in the deionized water of 5 times of quality
For temperature to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin dissolve completely, obtains gelatin solution；By mixed-powder and the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide
Add in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, be then granulated with oscillating granulator, that is, obtain desinsection particle.
The preparation embodiment two of desinsection particle
Desinsection particle mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 3 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of cotton benevolence cake powder,
5 parts of the oyster shell whiting of 5 parts of gelatin and carried titanium dioxide.Its preparation method is as follows：
Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, is used
Deionized water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio
Mixed solution is mixed to get, obtained mixed solution is placed in ice-water bath after cooling lh, adds 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution
Porous oyster shell whiting, be uniformly mixed, then add the TiCl of porous 0.05 times of weight of oyster shell whiting4It is uniformly mixed, then with hydrochloric acid tune
Save pH value and hydrolyze 1h to 0.5-1.0, be then filtered to remove filtrate, residue washing, roasts at 500 DEG C, obtains load titanium dioxide
The oyster shell whiting of titanium.First sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, is dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves,
The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot respectively again, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton
Benevolence cake powder and wheat bran are uniformly mixed, and obtain mixed-powder；Gelatin is first immersed to 1h, Ran Houjia in the deionized water of 5 times of quality
For temperature to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin dissolve completely, obtains gelatin solution；By mixed-powder and the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide
Add in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, be then granulated with oscillating granulator, that is, obtain desinsection particle.
The preparation embodiment three of desinsection particle
Desinsection particle mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 7 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 2 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of cotton benevolence cake powder, bright
4 parts of the oyster shell whiting of 4 parts of glue and carried titanium dioxide.Its preparation method is as follows：
Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, is used
Deionized water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio
Mixed solution is mixed to get, obtained mixed solution is placed in ice-water bath after cooling lh, adds 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution
Porous oyster shell whiting, be uniformly mixed, then add the TiCl of porous 0.05 times of weight of oyster shell whiting4It is uniformly mixed, then with hydrochloric acid tune
Save pH value and hydrolyze 1h to 0.5-1.0, be then filtered to remove filtrate, residue washing, roasts at 500 DEG C, obtains load titanium dioxide
The oyster shell whiting of titanium.First sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, is dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves,
The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot respectively again, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton
Benevolence cake powder and wheat bran are uniformly mixed, and obtain mixed-powder；Gelatin is first immersed to 1h, Ran Houjia in the deionized water of 5 times of quality
For temperature to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin dissolve completely, obtains gelatin solution；By mixed-powder and the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide
Add in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, be then granulated with oscillating granulator, that is, obtain desinsection particle.
3 nutritive cubes for giving birth to 25 plants of ring seedlings are taken, 20 cutworms is put into respectively, treats that cutworm all pierces soil
Afterwards, respectively with throwing the desinsection particle for spreading 200 embodiments one to embodiment three and being prepared in the upper soll layer of 3 nutritive cubes,
The throwing of desinsection particle counts desinsection particle food ingestion (grain) after spreading 1 day, endangers ring seedling quantity (strain), the cutworm death rate respectively
(%) and the cutworm proportion (%) for dying of upper soll layer, statistical result is as shown in table 1：
From 1 data statistics of table, the desinsection particle prepared using embodiment one to embodiment three lures cutworm
The rate of killing reaches 100%, and the cutworm proportion for dying of upper soll layer is less than 7%, and every cutworm puts down desinsection particle
Equal food ingestion reaches more than 6, at most only 1 plant of harm quantity of the feeding desinsection particle after 1 day to cotton seedling.Therefore, it is of the invention
Trapping of the desinsection particle of preparation to underground cutworm is very thorough, and is brought into more than 90% desinsection particle by cutworm
Underground, and then to the lasting disinfection of soil and supplement calcareous fertilisers.
The cultivation under woods example IV of panax japonicus
First, selection of land
Standing forest：Select broad-leaf forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, it is desirable to which it is tall and big that the trees are sparse in forest land, more empty under crown canopy
Spacious, the small-sized bamboo grove of the excessive coniferous forest of canopy density or a large amount of bamboo whips of topsoil distribution is not suitable for；
Slope aspect and the gradient：Selection slope aspect is Schattenseite or half Schattenseite, and the gradient is planted for the stage casing on the hillside of 5-25 degree；
Soil：Select loose fertile, moistening and draining is good, top layer fertile soil reaches more than 5cm slant acidity mountain yellow
One or more in brown earth, brown earth or dark brown earth, the pH value of soil is 5.5-6.5；
Weather：Weather cools humidity, average annual 8 DEG C -10 DEG C of temperature, year 2700-3000 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, frost-free period 180-
220d, year sunshine time 1400-1600h, mean annual precipitation are more than 1200mm；
2nd, clear woods, site preparation
Time：Carry out before annual early September-plantation by the end of October；
Clear woods：According to canopy density in 0.6-0.7 the intermediate cuttings overstocked woods and undershrub, by hayashishita weeds and illumination is influenced
The bushes of below 1.5m are all cut off, and cleaning thing is all removed forest land harmless treatment；
Site preparation and disinfection：Comprehensive depth of soil preparation 25-35cm under the premise of tree growth is not destroyed, by withered tree root, stone etc.
The cleaning of soil debris removes, and then applies desinsection particle, and site preparation ploughs rake uniformly；
Apply fertilizer to the subsoil：Base fertilizer mainly based on organic fertilizer, using abundant decomposed whole thin pig, ox, sheep manure, application of organic fertilizers per acre
3000kg, is mixed by ploughing rake with soil；
Ditching, ridging：By physical relief ditching, ridging, using along hillside current direction trench digging, the wide 1-1.2m in railway carriage or compartment, length root
Depending on landform, depth of ditching 15-25cm, wide 25-35m；
3rd, plant
Select seedling：The panax japonicus seedling bodily form is natural, rhizome is relatively slightly long, health is disease-free, has no mechanical damage, single plant weight
More than 10g, band sprout bud more than one；
Plant：Transplanted by seeding row spacing 20cm × 25cm, earthing plants tight, thickness of earth-fill cover 4-6cm；
4th, daily management
Canopy density：Plantation First Year Canopy densities are maintained at 0.6-0.7, and canopy density can be gradually lowered to after second year
0.4-0.5, will carry out sparse branching and dredge leaf as canopy density are excessive；
Weeding, loosen the soil：More than 3 times weedings are arranged in the 4-9 months every year, are loosened the soil with reference to weeding, to promote plant strain growth
Development, prevents pest and disease damage, and weeding is preferably shallow to remove in order to avoid injuring rhizome；
Top dressing：Respectively before flowering and spraying fertilizer 2 times after buddingging, top dressing uses diluted night soil, composite fertilizer, night soil
Dose is 2000kg/ mus each, and each 20kg/ mus of composite fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields, top dressing selection weather fertilising i.e. rainy after fertilising；
Drainage waterlogging prevention：Panax japonicus intolerant to waterlogging, in rainy season it is noted that cleaning ditch water discharge, prevents ponding, keep good
Root gas permeability；
Pest and disease damage：It is that soil surface applies a desinsection particle in neat seedling stage, the Major Pests of panax japonicus are underground evils
Worm cutworm, endangers root system, causes the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, and prevention is answered " putting prevention first, integrated control ", sterilized by bed soil, draining is prevented
The methods of flood and cleaning rural area, is prevented.
5th, harvest and store
Panax japonicus can harvest after transplanting 4 years, and be excavated in autumn, during excavation hoe under gap beside plant hoe by
Step is dug to rhizome, has dug complete stool, is removed soil and cauline leaf, is obtained rhizome using fresh herb or dry pack, dry rhizome removing crust,
Put and dried at aeration-drying, after drying, remove impurity, spare, Anti-moth-eating is stored at cool place is dry.
The hayashishita land resource that the present invention can would sit idle for makes full use of, than saving 5000 using the plantation panax japonicus that ploughs
Cost more than member/mu, not only cost of land is by more than 600 yuan/mu using arable land being reduced to less than 50 yuan/mu, but also subtracts
The cost that shade is taken using arable land is lacked, 5000 yuan or so of cost has been reduced per acre, further, since hayashishita shade environment, weeds
Less, comparable the decrease of cultivated land weeding labour of more than half is grown, the labor cost of about 500 yuan/mu can be reduced every year,
Only increase the labor cost of about 1000 yuan/mu in the clear woods site preparation stage first, ensure the premise of panax japonicus quality and yield
Under, the cost payout of arable land plantation panax japonicus is few, while avoids panax japonicus and cause to burn day damage sternly by direct sunlight in arable land
The phenomenon of weight occurs.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, it can modify to technical scheme
Or equivalent substitution, without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it should all cover the claim in the present invention
Among scope.The present invention be not described in detail technology, shape, construction part be known technology.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：First, selection of landStanding forest：Selecting broad-leaf forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, it is desirable to it is tall and big that the trees are sparse in forest land, more spacious under crown canopy, The small-sized bamboo grove that the excessive coniferous forest of canopy density or topsoil are distributed a large amount of bamboo whips is not suitable for；Slope aspect and the gradient：Selection slope aspect is Schattenseite or half Schattenseite, and the gradient is planted for the stage casing on the hillside of 5-25 degree；Soil：Select loose fertile, moistening and draining is good, top layer fertile soil reaches more than 5cm Acid soil；Weather：Weather cools humidity, average annual 8 DEG C -10 DEG C of temperature, year 2700-3000 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, frost-free period 180- 220d, year sunshine time 1400-1600h, mean annual precipitation are more than 1200mm；2nd, clear woods, site preparationTime：Carry out before annual early September-plantation by the end of October；Clear woods：According to canopy density in 0.6-0.7 the intermediate cuttings overstocked woods and undershrub, by hayashishita weeds and influence illumination 1.5m with Under bushes all cut off, and will cleaning thing all remove forest land harmless treatments；Site preparation and disinfection：Comprehensive depth of soil preparation 25-35cm under the premise of tree growth is not destroyed, by soil such as withered tree root, stones Debris cleaning removes, and then applies desinsection particle, and site preparation ploughs rake uniformly；Apply fertilizer to the subsoil：Base fertilizer mainly based on organic fertilizer, using abundant decomposed whole thin pig, ox, sheep manure, application of organic fertilizers per acre 3000kg, is mixed by ploughing rake with soil；Ditching, ridging：By physical relief ditching, ridging, depending on landform, ditch depth 15-25cm, wide for the wide 1-1.2m in railway carriage or compartment, length 25-35m；3rd, plantSelect seedling：The panax japonicus seedling bodily form is natural, rhizome is relatively slightly long, health is disease-free, has no mechanical damage, single plant weight 10g with On, band sprout bud more than one；Transplant the time：Annual early September-transplant by the end of October；Plant：Transplanted by seeding row spacing 20cm × 25cm, earthing plants tight, thickness of earth-fill cover 4-6cm；4th, daily managementCanopy density：Plantation First Year Canopy densities are maintained at 0.6-0.7, and canopy density can be gradually lowered to 0.4- after second year 0.5, to carry out sparse branching as canopy density are excessive and dredge leaf；Weeding, loosen the soil：More than 3 times weedings are arranged in the 4-9 months every year, are loosened the soil with reference to weeding, to promote vine growth and development, Pest and disease damage is prevented, weeding is preferably shallow to remove in order to avoid injuring rhizome；Top dressing：Respectively before flowering and spraying fertilizer 2 times after buddingging, top dressing use diluted night soil, composite fertilizer, night soil fertilising Measure 2000kg/ mus each, each 20kg/ mus of composite fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields；Drainage waterlogging prevention：Panax japonicus intolerant to waterlogging, in rainy season it is noted that cleaning ditch water discharge, prevents ponding, keep good root Gas permeability；Pest and disease damage：It is that soil surface applies a desinsection particle in neat seedling stage；5th, harvest and storePanax japonicus can harvest after transplanting 4 years, and be excavated in autumn, and hoe is uprooted under gap beside plant and progressively dug during excavation To rhizome, complete stool has been dug, soil and cauline leaf has been removed, obtains rhizome using fresh herb or dry pack, dry and rhizome is removed into crust, put logical Air-dry dry place to dry, after drying, remove impurity, spare, Anti-moth-eating is stored at cool place is dry.
- A kind of 2. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 1 The soil stated is the one or more in mountain yellow brown soil, brown earth or dark brown earth.
- A kind of 3. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 1 The pH value for the soil stated is 5.5-6.5.
- A kind of 4. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 2 The ditching, ridging stated is used along hillside current direction trench digging.
- A kind of 5. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 4 The top dressing stated selects weather fertilising i.e. rainy after fertilising.
- A kind of 6. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The desinsection Grain mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：5-10 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 1-3 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of cotton benevolence cake powder, 3-5 parts of gelatin With 3-5 parts of the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide.
- A kind of 7. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The desinsection The preparation method of grain is as follows：A. first sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves, then distinguish The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton benevolence cake powder It is uniformly mixed with wheat bran, obtains mixed-powder；B., gelatin is first immersed to 1h in the deionized water of 5 times of quality, is then heated up to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin completely molten Change, obtain gelatin solution；C. the oyster shell whiting of mixed-powder and carried titanium dioxide is added in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, then with waving Granulator is granulated, that is, obtains desinsection particle.
- A kind of 8. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The load two The shell powder, preparation method thereof of titanium oxide is as follows：Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, spend from Sub- water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio is mixed to get mixed solution, and obtained mixed solution is placed in ice-water bath After cooling down lh, the porous oyster shell whiting of 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution is added, is uniformly mixed, then adds porous oyster shell whiting The TiCl of 0.05 times of weight4It is uniformly mixed, then 1h is hydrolyzed with salt acid for adjusting pH value to 0.5-1.0, be then filtered to remove filtrate, filters Wash heat is washed, and is roasted at 500 DEG C, obtains the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108990735A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-14 | 黔南州司奇中草药种植有限公司 | A kind of method of artificial growth panax japonicus |
| CN111937701A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 湖北硒谷神奇科技有限公司 | Standardized planting method of selenium-rich panax japonicus |
| CN112166986A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-05 | 安顺学院 | Movable panax japonicus planting method |
| CN115568390A (en) * | 2022-11-05 | 2023-01-06 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Panax japonicus stacking planting method |
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| CN103125247A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-05 | 通化百泉参业集团股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of organic American ginseng |
| KR101690648B1 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2016-12-28 | 우인오 | A method of cultivation for wood-cultivated ginseng |
| CN106941918A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 会泽林下种植有限公司 | A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process |
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| CN103125247A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-05 | 通化百泉参业集团股份有限公司 | Cultivation method of organic American ginseng |
| KR101690648B1 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2016-12-28 | 우인오 | A method of cultivation for wood-cultivated ginseng |
| CN106941918A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 会泽林下种植有限公司 | A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108990735A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-14 | 黔南州司奇中草药种植有限公司 | A kind of method of artificial growth panax japonicus |
| CN111937701A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 湖北硒谷神奇科技有限公司 | Standardized planting method of selenium-rich panax japonicus |
| CN112166986A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-05 | 安顺学院 | Movable panax japonicus planting method |
| CN115568390A (en) * | 2022-11-05 | 2023-01-06 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Panax japonicus stacking planting method |
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