CN107926514A - A kind of cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an under-forest cultivation technique of Chinese medicinal material Panax ginseng, which includes the steps of site selection, forest clearing, site preparation, planting, daily management, harvesting and storage, and the spacing between plants and rows is 20cm× Plant at 25cm, cover the soil tightly, and cover the soil at a depth of 4-6cm, and spray insecticidal particles to disinfect and kill the soil during the process of site preparation, and spray insecticidal particles on the soil surface once at the seedling stage to trap and kill insects. The invention can make full use of idle under-forest land resources, greatly reduce the cost of planting bamboo ginseng on cultivated land under the premise of ensuring the quality and output of bamboo ginseng, and effectively avoid the damage of bamboo ginseng caused by direct sunlight on cultivated land. Severe sunburn damage occurs.

Description

Undergrowth cultivation technique of a kind of Chinese herbal medicine Panax ginseng

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of planting Chinese medicinal materials, in particular to an understory cultivation technology of Chinese medicinal material Panax ginseng.

Background technique

The dried rhizome of Panax japonicus C.A.Mey, a plant of the genus Panax japonicus C.A.Mey in the Araliaceae family, is a precious Chinese medicinal material in my country. Bamboo ginseng is a perennial herb with a height of 50-80cm in the wild and up to 150cm in cultivation. The rhizome is recumbent, in the shape of a bamboo whip, the flesh is thick, white, with sunken stem marks between the nodules, and the rhizome can weigh up to 1kg. Zhao Xuemin in the Qing Dynasty recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica Supplements" that "the shape is like ginseng", "the taste is sweet like ginseng", "there are those with reed knots on the skin", "the color is white like silkworm, and there are dents on each strip like Mortar", hence the name Bamboo Ginseng. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that bamboo ginseng is sweet, slightly bitter, and warm in nature. It not only has the nourishing and strengthening effect similar to ginseng, but also has the effect of "dispersing blood stasis, relieving pain, stopping bleeding and eliminating phlegm" similar to Sanqi. It is mainly used for weakness after illness. Cough and cough up blood, cough with profuse phlegm, and traumatic injuries, it is called "the king of herbs" by local pharmacists in the distribution area of bamboo ginseng.

Modern pharmacology and pharmacology studies have shown that the main active ingredients of bamboo ginseng are bamboo ginsenoside, ginsenoside, notoginseng saponin, pseudo-ginsenoside, etc. So far, 14 kinds of saponins have been isolated from it, and the crude saponin content is about 23.6%. Compared with ginseng and Panax notoginseng of the same genus, the content of saponins in bamboo ginseng is higher than both, mainly oleanane type saponins, and dammarane type saponins also have a certain content. In addition, it also contains bamboo ginseng polysaccharides, volatile oil and 17 kinds of water-soluble amino acids, of which 8 kinds of essential amino acids have a certain content. It has anti-inflammation, anti-aging, hypoglycemic and anti-arrhythmic effects, and has broad prospects for development and utilization.

Due to the sensitive ecological vulnerability of bamboo ginseng to environmental factors, and the wild resources have been crazily excavated, the resources of bamboo ginseng are becoming less and less. The development and utilization of domestic species is inevitable, but the family species of bamboo ginseng has long In the self-development stage of farmers, most of them continue to use traditional cultivated land to plant bamboo ginseng. However, the cost of land and management facilities for planting bamboo ginseng on traditional cultivated land is high, which greatly increases the cost of planting bamboo ginseng on cultivated land.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of under-forest cultivation technology of the Chinese medicinal material Panax ginseng, so that the cost of land and management facilities for planting Panax ginseng is low, so as to reduce the cost of planting Panax ginseng.

The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

A kind of understory cultivation technology of Chinese medicinal material Panax ginseng, comprising the following steps:

1. Site selection

Forest stand: choose broad-leaved forest or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed natural secondary forest, requiring sparse and tall trees in the forest land, relatively open space under the canopy, coniferous forest with excessive canopy density or small bamboo forest with a large number of bamboo whips in the topsoil layer is not suitable;

Slope aspect and slope: Select the middle section of the hillside with a shady or semi-shady slope and a slope of 5-25 degrees for planting;

Soil: Choose loose, fertile, moist and well-drained soil with a surface humus of more than 5cm;

Climate: The climate is cool and humid, the annual average temperature is 8°C-10°C, the annual active accumulated temperature is 2700-3000°C, the frost-free period is 180-220d, the annual sunshine hours are 1400-1600h, and the annual average precipitation is above 1200mm;

2. Forest clearing and land preparation

Time: before planting from early September to the end of October;

Forest clearing: According to the canopy density of 0.6-0.7, thin out the dense forests and small shrubs, cut off all the understory weeds and shrubs that affect the light below 1.5m, and remove all the cleared objects from the forest land for harmless treatment;

Soil preparation and disinfection: On the premise of not destroying the growth of forest trees, the depth of comprehensive soil preparation is 25-35cm, and the dead tree roots, stones and other soil debris are cleaned and removed, and then insecticidal particles are applied, and the soil is evenly plowed and raked;

Base fertilizer application: The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, using fully decomposed and fine pig, cow, sheep manure, etc., applying 3000kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and mixing it with the soil through raking;

Ditching and ridging: according to the natural terrain, the width of the compartment is 1-1.2m, and the length depends on the terrain. The depth of the trench is 15-25cm, and the width is 25-35m;

3. Planting

Seedling selection: Panax ginseng seedlings have natural shape, relatively long rhizomes, healthy and disease-free, no mechanical damage, and the weight of a single plant is more than 10g, with more than one sprout;

Planting time: Planting from early September to the end of October every year;

Planting: plant according to the row spacing of 20cm×25cm, and plant tightly with the soil cover, and the depth of the soil cover is 4-6cm;

4. Daily management

Canopy density: The canopy density of the forest stand is maintained at 0.6-0.7 in the first year of planting, and can be gradually reduced to 0.4-0.5 after the second year. If the canopy density is too high, thin branches and leaves;

Weeding and soil loosening: Arrange weeding more than 3 times a year from April to September, combined with weeding to loosen the soil to promote plant growth and development, prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, weeding should be shallow to avoid damage to the rhizome;

Topdressing: apply topdressing twice before flowering and after budding, and use diluted human excrement and compound fertilizer for topdressing. The amount of human excrement fertilization is 2000kg/mu each time, and the compound fertilizer is 20kg/mu each time;

Drainage and waterlogging prevention: Panax ginseng is not resistant to waterlogging. In the rainy season, pay attention to clearing the ditch drainage to prevent water accumulation and maintain good root air permeability;

Diseases and insect pests: Sprinkle insecticidal granules on the soil surface once at the seedling stage. The main pest of bamboo ginseng is the underground pest cutworm, which harms the root system and causes lack of seedlings and broken ridges. The control should be "prevention first, comprehensive control", through bed Soil disinfection, drainage and waterlogging prevention, and field cleaning are used to prevent it.

5. Harvesting and storage

Bamboo ginseng can be harvested 4 years after transplanting, and it can be excavated in autumn. During excavation, the hoe gradually digs down from the gap next to the plant to the rhizome, digs up the whole plant, removes the soil and stems and leaves, and obtains the rhizome for fresh use or Dry and pack in bags, remove the outer skin of the rhizomes, put them in a ventilated and dry place to dry, remove impurities after drying, store in a cool and dry place for later use, and prevent moths.

Further, the soil in step 1 is one or more of mountainous yellow-brown soil, brown soil or dark brown soil.

Further, the pH value of the soil in step one is 5.5-6.5.

Further, ditching and ridging in step 2 adopts the direction of ditching along the hillside and flowing water.

Further, the topdressing in step 4 is selected to fertilize in rainy weather after fertilization.

Further, the insecticidal granules mainly include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of oleander leaves, 1-3 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of cottonseed cake powder, 3-5 parts of gelatin and shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide 3-5 servings.

Further, the preparation method of insecticidal granules is as follows:

A. Wash and dry the oleander leaves first, then dry them at 60°C, crush them to obtain oleander leaf powder, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then put the crushed cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder in a pot Stir-fry, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix the sieved oleander leaf powder, cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder;

B. First immerse the gelatin in 5 times the mass of deionized water for 1 hour, then heat to 90°C, and stir thoroughly to completely dissolve the gelatin to obtain a gelatin solution;

C. Add the mixed powder and shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide into the gelatin solution, stir and mix evenly, and then granulate with a swinging granulator to obtain insecticidal granules.

The insecticidal granules use gelatin as the molding material, which can make the insecticidal granules soften and not disperse when exposed to water. Compared with traditional chemical agents, the environmental pollution is less, and the effect is less affected by rainy weather; wheat bran is used as the adsorption carrier, cottonseed cake powder The function is to use its smell to lure cutworms to eat. After the cutworms eat the insecticidal particles, their vitality will weaken, and most of them will burrow into the ground and die. brought into the ground; after the cutworm dies, the titanium dioxide-loaded shell powder in the insecticidal particles is released, which can make the soil texture looser and promote the growth of Panax ginseng; and nano-titanium dioxide has the ability to kill harmful bacteria and degrade organic pollutants And other high-efficiency functions, it can not only sterilize, but also decompose the endotoxin produced after the death of bacteria, which can play a continuous role in anti-bacteria and prevent the infection of bamboo ginseng; Turn it over to the surface, and it can improve the disinfection effect on the soil under sunlight.

Further, the preparation method of shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide is as follows:

Wash the shells, dry them, pickle them with sulfuric acid for 12 hours, then calcinate them in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for 1-2 hours, then pickle them for 12 hours, wash them with deionized water, dry them, and grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to get porous shells pink;

Mix deionized water and methanol at a volume ratio of 1:12 to obtain a mixed solution, place the obtained mixed solution in an ice-water bath to cool for 1 hour, add porous shell powder of 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the mixed solution, mix well, and then add porous Mix 0.05 times the weight of shell powder with TiCl ₄ evenly, adjust the pH value to 0.5-1.0 with hydrochloric acid and hydrolyze for 1 hour, then filter to remove the filtrate, wash the filter residue, and roast at 500°C to obtain shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The present invention can make full use of idle under-forest land resources, save more than 5,000 yuan/mu of cost than using cultivated land to plant bamboo ginseng, and not only reduce the cost of land from more than 600 yuan/mu of using cultivated land to less than 50 yuan/mu mu, and reduce the cost of using arable land to build a shade shed, which reduces the cost by about 5,000 yuan per mu. In addition, due to the shaded environment under the forest, weeds grow less, which can reduce the weeding labor by more than half compared with arable land, which can reduce about 500 yuan per year. The labor cost of 1000 yuan/mu only increased by about 1000 yuan/mu in the first stage of forest clearing and land preparation. On the premise of ensuring the quality and output of bamboo ginseng, the cost of planting bamboo ginseng on cultivated land was greatly reduced, effectively avoiding The results showed that bamboo ginseng was exposed to direct sunlight on cultivated land and caused serious sunburn damage.

2. The present invention kills cutworms, the main insect pests of bamboo ginseng, by trapping and killing insecticidal granules, and brings the insecticidal granules underground through cutworms. Compared with traditional chemical agents, the environmental pollution is small, and the effect is affected by rainwater. The influence of the weather is small, the underground pests and germs are more thoroughly killed, and it can play a role in lasting disinfection and calcium supplementation.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment:

Preparation Example 1 of Pesticide Granules

The insecticidal granules mainly include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of oleander leaves, 1 part of wheat bran, 2 parts of cottonseed cake powder, 3 parts of gelatin and 3 parts of shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Its preparation method is as follows:

Wash the shells, dry them, pickle them with sulfuric acid for 12 hours, then calcinate them in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for 1-2 hours, then pickle them for 12 hours, wash them with deionized water, dry them, and grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to get porous shells powder; mix deionized water and methanol at a volume ratio of 1:12 to obtain a mixed solution, place the obtained mixed solution in an ice-water bath for cooling for 1 hour, add porous shell powder of 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the mixed solution, mix well, and then Add 0.05 times the weight of porous shell powder TiCl ₄ and mix evenly, then adjust the pH value to 0.5-1.0 with hydrochloric acid and hydrolyze for 1 hour, then filter to remove the filtrate, wash the filter residue, and roast at 500°C to obtain shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Wash and dry the oleander leaves first, then dry them at 60°C, crush them to obtain oleander leaf powder, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fry the crushed cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder in a pot , pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix the sieved oleander leaf powder, cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder; first soak the gelatin in deionized water with 5 times the mass for 1 hour, and then heat to Stir at 90°C to fully dissolve the gelatin to obtain a gelatin solution; add the mixed powder and shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide to the gelatin solution, stir and mix evenly, and then granulate with a swinging granulator to obtain insecticidal granules.

Preparation Example Two of Pesticide Granules

The insecticidal granules mainly include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of oleander leaves, 3 parts of wheat bran, 4 parts of cottonseed cake powder, 5 parts of gelatin and 5 parts of shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Its preparation method is as follows:

Wash the shells, dry them, pickle them with sulfuric acid for 12 hours, then calcinate them in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for 1-2 hours, then pickle them for 12 hours, wash them with deionized water, dry them, and grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to get porous shells powder; mix deionized water and methanol at a volume ratio of 1:12 to obtain a mixed solution, place the obtained mixed solution in an ice-water bath for cooling for 1 hour, add porous shell powder of 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the mixed solution, mix well, and then Add 0.05 times the weight of porous shell powder TiCl ₄ and mix evenly, then adjust the pH value to 0.5-1.0 with hydrochloric acid and hydrolyze for 1 hour, then filter to remove the filtrate, wash the filter residue, and roast at 500°C to obtain shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Wash and dry the oleander leaves first, then dry them at 60°C, crush them to obtain oleander leaf powder, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fry the crushed cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder in a pot , pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix the sieved oleander leaf powder, cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder; first soak the gelatin in deionized water with 5 times the mass for 1 hour, and then heat to Stir at 90°C to fully dissolve the gelatin to obtain a gelatin solution; add the mixed powder and shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide to the gelatin solution, stir and mix evenly, and then granulate with a swinging granulator to obtain insecticidal granules.

Preparation Example Three of Insecticidal Granules

The insecticidal granules mainly include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of oleander leaves, 2 parts of wheat bran, 3 parts of cottonseed cake powder, 4 parts of gelatin and 4 parts of shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Its preparation method is as follows:

Wash the shells, dry them, pickle them with sulfuric acid for 12 hours, then calcinate them in a muffle furnace at 1000°C for 1-2 hours, then pickle them for 12 hours, wash them with deionized water, dry them, and grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to get porous shells powder; mix deionized water and methanol at a volume ratio of 1:12 to obtain a mixed solution, place the obtained mixed solution in an ice-water bath for cooling for 1 hour, add porous shell powder of 0.2-0.4 times the volume of the mixed solution, mix well, and then Add 0.05 times the weight of porous shell powder TiCl ₄ and mix evenly, then adjust the pH value to 0.5-1.0 with hydrochloric acid and hydrolyze for 1 hour, then filter to remove the filtrate, wash the filter residue, and roast at 500°C to obtain shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide. Wash and dry the oleander leaves first, then dry them at 60°C, crush them to obtain oleander leaf powder, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fry the crushed cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder in a pot , pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and then mix the sieved oleander leaf powder, cottonseed cake powder and wheat bran powder evenly to obtain a mixed powder; first soak the gelatin in deionized water with 5 times the mass for 1 hour, and then heat to Stir at 90°C to fully dissolve the gelatin to obtain a gelatin solution; add the mixed powder and shell powder loaded with titanium dioxide to the gelatin solution, stir and mix evenly, and then granulate with a swinging granulator to obtain insecticidal granules.

Take 3 nutrient bowls with 25 bamboo ginseng seedlings, put 20 cutworms into them respectively, and after all the cutworms have penetrated into the soil, sprinkle 200 grains on the soil surface of the 3 nutrient bowls. Example 1 to Example 3. Prepared insecticidal granules. After the insecticidal granules were sprayed for 1 day, the food intake (grain) of the insecticidal granules, the number of harmful bamboo ginseng seedlings (strains), the death rate of cutworms (%) and the number of cutworms that died on the soil surface were counted respectively. The proportion (%) of ground tigers, the statistical results are shown in Table 1:

From the statistics of table 1, it can be seen that the trapping and killing rate of cutworms by adopting the insecticidal particles prepared in embodiment one to embodiment three reaches 100%, and the proportion of cutworms dying in the soil surface is lower than 7%. The average feeding amount of insecticidal granules reached more than 6 grains, and the number of harm to cotton seedlings after eating insecticidal granules for 1 day was at most only 1 plant. Therefore, the insecticidal granules prepared by the invention are very thorough in trapping and killing underground cutworms, and more than 90% of the insecticidal granules are brought into the ground by the cutworms, thereby permanently disinfecting the soil and supplementing calcium fertilizer.

The understory cultivation embodiment four of Bamboo Ginseng

1. Site selection

Forest stand: choose broad-leaved forest or coniferous and broad-leaved mixed natural secondary forest, requiring sparse and tall trees in the forest land, relatively open space under the canopy, coniferous forest with excessive canopy density or small bamboo forest with a large number of bamboo whips in the topsoil layer is not suitable;

Slope aspect and slope: Select the middle section of the hillside with a shady or semi-shady slope and a slope of 5-25 degrees for planting;

Soil: choose one or more of loose, fertile, moist and well-drained soil, with a surface humus of more than 5cm, acidic mountain yellow-brown soil, brown soil or dark brown soil, and the pH value of the soil is 5.5-6.5;

Climate: The climate is cool and humid, the annual average temperature is 8°C-10°C, the annual active accumulated temperature is 2700-3000°C, the frost-free period is 180-220d, the annual sunshine hours are 1400-1600h, and the annual average precipitation is above 1200mm;

2. Forest clearing and land preparation

Time: before planting from early September to the end of October;

Forest clearing: According to the canopy density of 0.6-0.7, thin out the dense forests and small shrubs, cut off all the understory weeds and shrubs that affect the light below 1.5m, and remove all the cleared objects from the forest land for harmless treatment;

Soil preparation and disinfection: On the premise of not destroying the growth of forest trees, the depth of comprehensive soil preparation is 25-35cm, and the dead tree roots, stones and other soil debris are cleaned and removed, and then insecticidal particles are applied, and the soil is evenly plowed and raked;

Base fertilizer application: The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, using fully decomposed and fine pig, cow, and sheep manure, applying 3000kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and mixing it with the soil through raking;

Ditch and ridge: Ditch and ridge according to the natural terrain, adopt the direction of flowing water along the hillside, the width of the compartment is 1-1.2m, the length depends on the terrain, the depth of the ditch is 15-25cm, and the width is 25-35m;

3. Planting

Seedling selection: Panax ginseng seedlings have natural shape, relatively long rhizomes, healthy and disease-free, no mechanical damage, and the weight of a single plant is more than 10g, with more than one sprout;

Planting: plant according to the row spacing of 20cm×25cm, and plant tightly with the soil cover, and the depth of the soil cover is 4-6cm;

4. Daily management

Canopy density: The canopy density of the forest stand is maintained at 0.6-0.7 in the first year of planting, and can be gradually reduced to 0.4-0.5 after the second year. If the canopy density is too high, thin branches and leaves;

Weeding and soil loosening: Arrange weeding more than 3 times a year from April to September, combined with weeding to loosen the soil to promote plant growth and development, prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, weeding should be shallow to avoid damage to the rhizome;

Topdressing: apply topdressing fertilizer twice before flowering and after budding, and use diluted human excrement and compound fertilizer for topdressing. Fertilize in rainy weather after fertilization;

Drainage and waterlogging prevention: Panax ginseng is not resistant to waterlogging. In the rainy season, pay attention to clearing the ditch drainage to prevent water accumulation and maintain good root air permeability;

Diseases and insect pests: Sprinkle insecticidal granules on the soil surface once at the seedling stage. The main pest of bamboo ginseng is the underground pest cutworm, which harms the root system and causes lack of seedlings and broken ridges. The control should be "prevention first, comprehensive control", through bed Soil disinfection, drainage and waterlogging prevention, and field cleaning are used to prevent it.

5. Harvesting and storage

Bamboo ginseng can be harvested 4 years after transplanting, and it can be excavated in autumn. During excavation, the hoe gradually digs down from the gap next to the plant to the rhizome, digs up the whole plant, removes the soil and stems and leaves, and obtains the rhizome for fresh use or Dry and pack in bags, remove the outer skin of the rhizomes, put them in a ventilated and dry place to dry, remove impurities after drying, store in a cool and dry place for later use, and prevent moths.

The invention can make full use of the idle under-forest land resources, save more than 5,000 yuan/mu of cost than using cultivated land to plant bamboo ginseng, and not only reduce the cost of land from more than 600 yuan/mu of using cultivated land to less than 50 yuan/mu, In addition, the cost of using cultivated land to build a shade shed is reduced by about 5,000 yuan per mu. In addition, due to the shaded environment under the forest, weeds grow less, which can reduce the weeding labor by more than half compared with cultivated land, which can reduce about 500 yuan/year The labor cost per mu is only increased by about 1,000 yuan/mu in the first stage of forest clearing and land preparation. On the premise of ensuring the quality and output of bamboo ginseng, the cost of planting bamboo ginseng on cultivated land is low, and at the same time avoiding the cost of bamboo ginseng Severe sunburn damage occurs when cultivated land is exposed to direct sunlight.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, all of them should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technologies, shapes and construction parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of 1. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：

   First, selection of land

   Standing forest：Selecting broad-leaf forest or the wealthy mixed friendship Natural Secondary Forests of pin, it is desirable to it is tall and big that the trees are sparse in forest land, more spacious under crown canopy, The small-sized bamboo grove that the excessive coniferous forest of canopy density or topsoil are distributed a large amount of bamboo whips is not suitable for；

   Slope aspect and the gradient：Selection slope aspect is Schattenseite or half Schattenseite, and the gradient is planted for the stage casing on the hillside of 5-25 degree；

   Soil：Select loose fertile, moistening and draining is good, top layer fertile soil reaches more than 5cm Acid soil；

   Weather：Weather cools humidity, average annual 8 DEG C -10 DEG C of temperature, year 2700-3000 DEG C of active accumulated temperature, frost-free period 180- 220d, year sunshine time 1400-1600h, mean annual precipitation are more than 1200mm；

   2nd, clear woods, site preparation

   Time：Carry out before annual early September-plantation by the end of October；

   Clear woods：According to canopy density in 0.6-0.7 the intermediate cuttings overstocked woods and undershrub, by hayashishita weeds and influence illumination 1.5m with Under bushes all cut off, and will cleaning thing all remove forest land harmless treatments；

   Site preparation and disinfection：Comprehensive depth of soil preparation 25-35cm under the premise of tree growth is not destroyed, by soil such as withered tree root, stones Debris cleaning removes, and then applies desinsection particle, and site preparation ploughs rake uniformly；

   Apply fertilizer to the subsoil：Base fertilizer mainly based on organic fertilizer, using abundant decomposed whole thin pig, ox, sheep manure, application of organic fertilizers per acre 3000kg, is mixed by ploughing rake with soil；

   Ditching, ridging：By physical relief ditching, ridging, depending on landform, ditch depth 15-25cm, wide for the wide 1-1.2m in railway carriage or compartment, length 25-35m；

   3rd, plant

   Select seedling：The panax japonicus seedling bodily form is natural, rhizome is relatively slightly long, health is disease-free, has no mechanical damage, single plant weight 10g with On, band sprout bud more than one；

   Transplant the time：Annual early September-transplant by the end of October；

   Plant：Transplanted by seeding row spacing 20cm × 25cm, earthing plants tight, thickness of earth-fill cover 4-6cm；

   4th, daily management

   Canopy density：Plantation First Year Canopy densities are maintained at 0.6-0.7, and canopy density can be gradually lowered to 0.4- after second year 0.5, to carry out sparse branching as canopy density are excessive and dredge leaf；

   Weeding, loosen the soil：More than 3 times weedings are arranged in the 4-9 months every year, are loosened the soil with reference to weeding, to promote vine growth and development, Pest and disease damage is prevented, weeding is preferably shallow to remove in order to avoid injuring rhizome；

   Top dressing：Respectively before flowering and spraying fertilizer 2 times after buddingging, top dressing use diluted night soil, composite fertilizer, night soil fertilising Measure 2000kg/ mus each, each 20kg/ mus of composite fertilizer spreads fertilizer over the fields；

   Drainage waterlogging prevention：Panax japonicus intolerant to waterlogging, in rainy season it is noted that cleaning ditch water discharge, prevents ponding, keep good root Gas permeability；

   Pest and disease damage：It is that soil surface applies a desinsection particle in neat seedling stage；

   5th, harvest and store

   Panax japonicus can harvest after transplanting 4 years, and be excavated in autumn, and hoe is uprooted under gap beside plant and progressively dug during excavation To rhizome, complete stool has been dug, soil and cauline leaf has been removed, obtains rhizome using fresh herb or dry pack, dry and rhizome is removed into crust, put logical Air-dry dry place to dry, after drying, remove impurity, spare, Anti-moth-eating is stored at cool place is dry.
2. A kind of 2. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 1 The soil stated is the one or more in mountain yellow brown soil, brown earth or dark brown earth.
3. A kind of 3. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 1 The pH value for the soil stated is 5.5-6.5.
4. A kind of 4. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 2 The ditching, ridging stated is used along hillside current direction trench digging.
5. A kind of 5. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Institute in step 4 The top dressing stated selects weather fertilising i.e. rainy after fertilising.
6. A kind of 6. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The desinsection Grain mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：5-10 parts of sweetscented oleander leaf, 1-3 parts of wheat bran, 2-4 parts of cotton benevolence cake powder, 3-5 parts of gelatin With 3-5 parts of the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide.
7. A kind of 7. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The desinsection The preparation method of grain is as follows：

   A. first sweetscented oleander leaf is cleaned, dried, dry, pulverize to obtain sweetscented oleander leaf powder at 60 DEG C, cross 60 mesh sieves, then distinguish The cotton benevolence cake powder and wheat bran of crushing are stir-fried in pot, 60 mesh sieves are crossed, then by the sweetscented oleander leaf powder after sieving, cotton benevolence cake powder It is uniformly mixed with wheat bran, obtains mixed-powder；

   B., gelatin is first immersed to 1h in the deionized water of 5 times of quality, is then heated up to 90 DEG C, being sufficiently stirred makes gelatin completely molten Change, obtain gelatin solution；

   C. the oyster shell whiting of mixed-powder and carried titanium dioxide is added in gelatin solution, be uniformly mixed, then with waving Granulator is granulated, that is, obtains desinsection particle.
8. A kind of 8. cultivation under woods technology of Chinese medicine panax japonicus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The load two The shell powder, preparation method thereof of titanium oxide is as follows：

   Shell is cleaned, is dried, with sulfuric acid washing 12h, then l000 DEG C of calcining l~2h of Muffle furnace, then pickling 12h, spend from Sub- water is cleaned, dried, and milled 200 mesh sieve, obtains porous oyster shell whiting；

   Deionized water and methanol are pressed 1:12 volume ratio is mixed to get mixed solution, and obtained mixed solution is placed in ice-water bath After cooling down lh, the porous oyster shell whiting of 0.2-0.4 times of volume of mixed solution is added, is uniformly mixed, then adds porous oyster shell whiting The TiCl of 0.05 times of weight₄It is uniformly mixed, then 1h is hydrolyzed with salt acid for adjusting pH value to 0.5-1.0, be then filtered to remove filtrate, filters Wash heat is washed, and is roasted at 500 DEG C, obtains the oyster shell whiting of carried titanium dioxide.