CN106941918A - A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process - Google Patents
A kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106941918A CN106941918A CN201710190528.3A CN201710190528A CN106941918A CN 106941918 A CN106941918 A CN 106941918A CN 201710190528 A CN201710190528 A CN 201710190528A CN 106941918 A CN106941918 A CN 106941918A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process, including：1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site in selection；2. site preparation：Plough deeply, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, then dig, after in small, broken bits, leveling, from the slope of planting site top to bottom of slope layering annular furrow face is made in the woodland of planting site；3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：The trench digging plantation Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling in the annular furrow face performed；4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management, 5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome.The present invention can create good environmental condition for the growth of Yunnan Paris polyphylla, not only can guarantee that the growing way of whole woodland Yunnan Paris polyphylla is uniform, grow fine, and can significantly improve survival rate, reduce the generation of pest and disease damage, it is to avoid the residual of agriculture chemical, be effectively guaranteed the quality of Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the planting of medicinal materials technical field, and in particular to a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process.
Background technology
Paris polyphylla is called four Typhonium giganteum, paris polyphylla, one arrow of Paris polyphylla, belongs to Liliaceae, and herbaceos perennial is：" cloud
One of main component of state guarantee Chinese medicine such as southern baiyao ", " Fu Xuening ", its medicinal effects are Paris polyphylla dry tuber, Paris polyphylla taste
Hardship, is slightly cold, slightly poisonous, return liver warp.There is heat reliving and toxin-eliminating, detumescence hemostasis, the effects such as cool liver is calmed the frightened, medicinal Paris polyphylla is mainly adopted with wild
Partly it is artificial introducing and planting based on collection, due to transition excavation, wild resource reserves further reduce, and price rises year after year.
Because with good medical value and huge profit margin, Paris polyphylla industry is quickly grown in China, plantation rule
Mould and planting range are also in extension progressively, and up to the present, the large-scale planting of Yunnan Paris polyphylla is typically crop field facility cultivation,
It will plough after thoroughly digging and put in order, build shading shed, then cultivate Paris polyphylla, this method cultivation Yunnan Paris polyphylla has three big disadvantages
End：Occupy cultivated land first, be 5~8 years because Paris polyphylla growth period is longer, it is this in cultivated area today less and less
Drawback is increasingly protruded；Next to that input cost is high, site preparation, reason moisture in the soil, puts up a shed, water, applying fertilizer, spraying insecticide, building shading shed etc.
A series of cultivation steps will put into more fund and labour；It is that the Yunnan Paris polyphylla agriculture produced is residual higher again, medication
Security extreme difference.Traditional Yunnan Paris polyphylla cultural method can not meet the requirement of drug safety.But it is corresponding with field planting
Be that the sylvan life of Yunnan Paris polyphylla is fostered, Yunnan Paris polyphylla is cultivated in the complete undergrowth environment of bio-diversity, disease generation can be mitigated
Pressure, reduces the input cost of diseases prevention；Sylvan life Yunnan Paris polyphylla is fostered, and is supported using the fertile soil of biobalance principle and sylvan life in itself
Point, artificially do not apply chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, it is to avoid pollution to environment；Yunnan Paris polyphylla is allowed to grow naturally, without chemical fertilizer, agriculture
Medicine, can most obtain the Yunnan Paris polyphylla product of high-quality at last.Just step is being played yet with existing Yunnan Paris polyphylla cultivation under woods technology
Section, its cultivation technique is not perfect enough, and not only survival rate is relatively low, yield and quality is unable to reach expection, and due to moisture, shade
Etc. the limitation of condition so that the Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of cultivation under woods is extremely uneven.Therefore, development one kind, which can reduce arable land, makes
With, increase forestry income scope, reduction planting cost, improve the Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild of plantation survival rate and product quality
Plant method is desirability.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind can reduce plough use,
Increase forestry income scope, reduction planting cost, improve the Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting of plantation survival rate and product quality
Method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process, comprises the following steps:
1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site in selection（1）, choosing
The planting site selected（1）Ecological environment is 800~2000m of height above sea level, and the gradient is in 30~90 °, 1000~1600mm of annual rainfall, growth
22~28 DEG C of seasonal temperature, more than 0 DEG C of winter temperature, frostless foggy, weather moistening, soil be faintly acid, retaining good permeability,
It is loose, rich in organic matter, light transmittance is 20~30%；
2. site preparation：During site preparation, planting site is first removed（1）On miscellaneous filling wood, weeds and debris, then by planting site（1）Deep-cut
More than 25cm, every mu of planting site（1）30~the 50kg of 2000~3000kg of farm manure and calcium superphosphate become thoroughly decomposed is applied, then is dug, carefully
After broken, leveling, thimerosal is sprayed to planting site（1）Carry out disinfection, then in planting site（1）Woodland from planting site（1）Slope
Push up bottom of slope layering and make annular furrow face；
3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：Ditch and plant according to 50~60cm of line-spacing, 20~25cm of spacing in the rows density in the annular furrow face performed
Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling is planted, is watered after plantation；
4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management,
A weedings are earthed up：After the Paris polyphylla transplant survival of Yunnan, the weeds around the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan should be removed in time, find rhizome and root dew
When going out, it should be earthed up；
B irrigation and drainages：In arid season, using special drip irrigation system to planting site（1）Interior Yunnan Paris polyphylla carries out rationally uniform
Irrigation, allow whole planting site（1）The Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of interior plantation is uniform, in rainy season, timely venting ponding, prevents disease
Evil occurs；
C adjusts light transmittance：In Yunnan, in the growth period of Paris polyphylla, work as planting site（1）When interior light transmittance is too low, to repair except forest is excessive
Branches and leaves, when degree of shading is inadequate, take the method for slotting branch shade to adjust printing opacity, to ensure spring light transmittance as 20~30%,
Summer light transmittance is 15~20%, and autumn and winter light transmittance is 20~25%；
D topdresses：In First Year after the Paris polyphylla transplanting of Yunnan, apply fertilizer at quarterly intervals once, each every mu of planting site（1）Fertilising 1000
~1500kg, the fertilizer is the farm manure and methane liquid in mass ratio 1 become thoroughly decomposed：1~2 proportions are formed, and every
Topdressed 4 times every year after 100~200g of addition ferrous sulfate, Second Year in 100kg fertilizer, for the first time in neat seedling in 3~April
Afterwards, every mu of planting site applies 5~10kg of composite fertilizer, and animated period, every mu of planting site are grown in 5~June for the second time（1）Apply calcium superphosphate
30~40kg and fully macerate it is ripe after 400~500kg of sheep manure, using when by sheep manure and calcium superphosphate it is well mixed after spread fertilizer over the fields and planting
Plant on the ground, then intertill and be mixed into soil, for the third time in 8~September rhizome expanding stage, every mu of planting site（1）Application is become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung
Mix 2000~2500kg of farmyard manure, fall seedling, every mu of planting site for the 4th time in 11~December（1）Apply after 20~30kg of composite fertilizer multiple
800~1000kg of farm manure that covering is become thoroughly decomposed above Hefei, then one layer of thin mud soil is being covered above；
The e prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After Paris polyphylla transplant survival, in planting site（1）Interior rational dense planting garlic, as found to have disease,
Pull out diseased plant immediately, and with Hickory Leaves, camphortree leaf in mass ratio 1：Heap fermentation after 1 ratio mixing, after fermented processing
Mixture, apply around the Paris polyphylla plant of Yunnan；Then kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, bitter fruit leaf, water in mass ratio 1~2 is used again：1~
2：1~2：Mixing decocting liquid is made in 10 ratio, and selection fine day carries out foliage spray with sprayer, reaches that sterilizing disease-preventing and deinsectization are anti-
Worm；
F beats a kind of sedge：To prevent the unnecessary consumption of nutrient, the growth of centralizedly supply subterranean root, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Yunnan Paris polyphylla, extracts complete
Portion spends a kind of sedge, to promote the growth of rhizome, and beating a kind of sedge should select fine day to carry out；
G overwinter managements：Before the cold jelly of weather, cane is overwhelmed, by planting site（1）The fertile soil of woodland is covered in its surface, prevents
The rudiment only grown is endured cold, and allows Yunnan Paris polyphylla safe overwintering, coming year Yunnan Paris polyphylla is early emerged, is gone out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output；
5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome, stay the method for bud to excavate always to cut during harvesting, institute
Stating and cutting the method for staying bud always is dug out after the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan, and the rhizome for cutting earlier year growth does medicine, by the root section stem of top one with bud
Former hole cultivation is returned in planting site together with fibrous root, sustainable utilization.
With prior art ratio, the present invention can obtain following technique effect：
1st, broad-leaf forest distribution in Yunnan is relatively wide, aboundresources, make full use of that underwood planting Chinese medicine is sylvan life development of resources one
Individual important directions, sylvan life industry establishes good demonstration, effectively make use of sylvan life space, has accomplished that man and nature coordinate hair
Exhibition.
2nd, due to long-term collection, it is grown in the sylvan life draft of the regional subtropical zone Mid mountain humid evergreen broad leaved forest of Southwestern China
Plant Yunnan Paris polyphylla wild resource has been difficult to track, and the present invention plays an important role for recovering wild resource.
3rd, the present invention overcomes the influence of excessive human factor present in cultivation technique in existing garden, loses pseudo-ginseng
The defect for having gone original wild characters, medicinal quality not enough.
4th, the present invention is conserved as Yunnan Paris polyphylla and bred with the Middle-mountain Moist Evergreen Broadleaved Forests and semi humid evergreen broad leaved forest of large area
Growth place, take full advantage of forest land resource, take the growth pattern for not destroying the forest reserves, according to the biology of Yunnan Paris polyphylla
Characteristic is learned, using the concealment of natural vegetation, without setting up cool canopy, underwood planting Yunnan Paris polyphylla can not only save production cost, protected
The forest reserves are protected, the production economic benefits and social benefits using Yunnan Paris polyphylla resource recovery forestry and development Yunnan Paris polyphylla are also acted, to safeguarding that forest gives birth to
State is balanced, and the three-dimensional economy of exploitation forest has extremely important effect.The office of Yunnan Paris polyphylla strained market supply can also be alleviated
Face.Increase economic efficiency, ecological benefits and social benefit.
5th, improvement has also been carried out in planting technology, suitable height above sea level, the gradient, undergrowth environment and soil environment has been chosen, is
The growth of Yunnan Paris polyphylla provides preferable environment, is carried out disinfection in kind of transplantation of seedlings and removes the soil being mingled with and pathogen, can be with
Sufferer rate effectively after reduction kind transplantation of seedlings, the range of decrease is about 60%, and Yunnan Paris polyphylla is reasonably irrigated using special drip irrigation,
It can guarantee that the irrigation in whole planting site is uniform, by reasonably topdressing, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of whole woodland can be allowed uniform, be
The yield for improving Yunnan is had laid a good foundation condition, meanwhile, garlic is interplanted in woodland, the secretion of garlic can be to pest and disease damage
Occur that there is good prevention effect, above-mentioned technological improvement can create good environmental condition for the growth of Yunnan Paris polyphylla, not only
It can guarantee that the growing way of whole woodland Yunnan Paris polyphylla is uniform, grow fine, and can significantly improve survival rate, reduce pest and disease damage
Occur, it is to avoid the residual of agriculture chemical, be effectively guaranteed the quality of Yunnan Paris polyphylla.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the arrangement schematic diagram of drip irrigation system in the present invention；
In figure：1- planting sites, 2- drip irrigation capillaries, 3- drip irrigation branch pipes, 4- drip irrigations supervisor, 5- elevated tanks.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and brief description of the drawings, the present invention is further illustrated, but not in any way to the present invention
It is any limitation as, based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, equal embodiment belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process described in the present embodiment 1, comprises the following steps:
1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site 1, selection in selection
The ecological environment of planting site 1 be height above sea level 800m, the gradient is in 30 °, annual rainfall 1000mm, 22 DEG C of season of growth temperature, winter gas
More than 0 DEG C of temperature, frostless foggy, weather moistening, soil be faintly acid, retaining good permeability, it is loose, rich in organic matter, light transmittance
For 20%；
2. site preparation：During site preparations, miscellaneous filling wood, weeds and the debris in plantation 1 are first removed, planting site 1 is then deep-cut into more than 25cm,
Every mu of planting site 1 applies the farm manure 2000kg and calcium superphosphate 30kg become thoroughly decomposed, then digs, after in small, broken bits, leveling, sprays thimerosal pair
Planting site 1 carries out disinfection, and the thimerosal is limewash, then divides in the woodland of planting site 1 from the slope top of planting site 1 to bottom of slope
Layer makees annular furrow face；
3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：According to line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 20cm density trench digging plantation Yunnan Paris polyphylla in the annular furrow face performed
Watered after seedling, plantation, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling before plantation first with 0.5% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 30s, it is red using 5ppm
Mould acid plus 5ppm indolebutyric acid vernalization rooting treatments；；
4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management,
A weedings are earthed up：After the Paris polyphylla transplant survival of Yunnan, the weeds around the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan should be removed in time, find rhizome and root dew
When going out, it should be earthed up；
B irrigation and drainages：In arid season, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 is carried out using special drip irrigation system rationally uniform
Irrigate, make the Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of the interior plantation of whole planting site 1 uniform, in rainy season, timely venting ponding, prevent that disease from sending out
Raw, the special drip irrigation system includes being arranged on the upper elevated tank 5 in the slope of planting site 1 top, and the week pushed up along slope is pushed up on slope
Cloth is equipped with a circle drip irrigation house steward 4, and the drip irrigation house steward 4 connects with elevated tank 5, is provided with the drip irrigation house steward 4 several
Drip irrigation branch pipe 3, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3 is disposed with the slope top of planting site 1 to bottom of slope direction arrangement, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3
Spacing between multilayer drop-irrigation capillary 2, neighbouring two layers of drip irrigation capillary 2 and neighbouring two layers of ring in planting site 1
The interlamellar spacing of shape furrow face is identical, the low cost of the dedicated system, and water is transported into a high position, the low cost of conveying, and edge from a high position
The dropper device that the gradient direction of planting site 1 arranges ring, can guarantee that the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 irrigates uniform, be fully solved
Yunnan Paris polyphylla rising trend uneven phenomenon；
C adjusts light transmittance：In the growth period of Paris polyphylla in Yunnan, when the light transmittance in planting site 1 is too low, to repair except the excessive branch of forest
Leaf, when degree of shading is inadequate, takes the method for slotting branch shade to adjust printing opacity, to ensure spring light transmittance as 20~30%, the summer
Season, light transmittance was 15~20%, and autumn and winter light transmittance is 20~25%；
D topdresses：In First Year after the Paris polyphylla transplanting of Yunnan, apply fertilizer at quarterly intervals once, every time every mu of fertilising 1000kg of planting site 1,
The fertilizer is the farm manure and methane liquid in mass ratio 1 become thoroughly decomposed：1 proportions are formed, and are added in every 100kg fertilizer
100g ferrous sulfate, the farm manure is organic fertilizer with methane liquid, and pollution-free, fertilizer efficiency is good, is added during fertilising after ferrous sulfate,
The leaf dark green of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud can be made and rich in gloss, preferably carry out photosynthesis, improve the yield and quality, after Second Year
Topdress 4 times every year, for the first time in neat after seedling in 3~April, every mu of planting site applies composite fertilizer 5kg, second vigorous in growth in 5~June
Phase, every mu of planting site 1 apply calcium superphosphate 30kg and fully macerate it is ripe after sheep manure 400kg, using when sheep manure and calcium superphosphate are mixed
Close it is uniform after spread fertilizer over the fields on planting site, then intertill and be mixed into soil, for the third time in 8~September rhizome expanding stage, every mu of planting site 1 is applied
The people and animals' liquid dung that enters to become thoroughly decomposed mixes farmyard manure 2000kg, falls seedling for the 4th time in 11~December, and every mu of planting site 1 applies 20~30kg of composite fertilizer
The farm manure 800kg become thoroughly decomposed is covered above composite fertilizer afterwards, then is covering one layer of thin mud soil above；
The e prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After Paris polyphylla transplant survival, the rational dense planting garlic in planting site 1, as found to have disease, stands
Pull out diseased plant, and with Hickory Leaves, camphortree leaf in mass ratio 1：Heap fermentation after 1 ratio mixing, after fermented processing
Mixture, is applied around the Paris polyphylla plant of Yunnan；Then kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, bitter fruit leaf, water in mass ratio 1~2 is used again：1：1：
Mixing decocting liquid is made in 10 ratio, and selection fine day carries out foliage spray with sprayer, reaches sterilizing disease-preventing and deinsectization insect prevention；
F beats a kind of sedge：To prevent the unnecessary consumption of nutrient, the growth of centralizedly supply subterranean root, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Yunnan Paris polyphylla, extracts complete
Portion spends a kind of sedge, to promote the growth of rhizome, and beating a kind of sedge should select fine day to carry out；
G overwinter managements：Before the cold jelly of weather, cane is overwhelmed, the fertile soil of the woodland of planting site 1 is covered in its surface, prevented
The rudiment grown is endured cold, and allows Yunnan Paris polyphylla safe overwintering, coming year Yunnan Paris polyphylla is early emerged, is gone out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output；
5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome, stay the method for bud to excavate always to cut during harvesting, institute
Stating and cutting the method for staying bud always is dug out after the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan, and the rhizome for cutting earlier year growth does medicine, by the root section stem of top one with bud
Former hole cultivation is returned in planting site together with fibrous root, sustainable utilization.
Step 2. and 4. in, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is by sheep manure, cow dung, rapeseed dregs, leavening in mass ratio 600：
500:5:After 1 ratio mixing, it is 60~70% to water to water content, then piles fermentation heap, control temperature at 40~50 DEG C from
So fermentation is made after 6 months.
Embodiment 2：
Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process described in the present embodiment 2, comprises the following steps:：
1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site 1, selection in selection
The ecological environment of planting site 1 be height above sea level 1500m, the gradient is in 60 °, annual rainfall 1500mm, 25 DEG C of season of growth temperature, winter gas
More than 0 DEG C of temperature, frostless foggy, weather moistening, soil be faintly acid, retaining good permeability, it is loose, rich in organic matter, light transmittance
For 25%；
2. site preparation：During site preparation, first remove miscellaneous filling wood on planting site 1, weeds and debris, then by planting site 1 deep-cut 25cm with
On, every mu of planting site 1 applies the farm manure 2500kg and calcium superphosphate 40kg become thoroughly decomposed, then digs, after in small, broken bits, leveling, sprays sterilization
Liquid carries out disinfection to planting site 1, and the thimerosal is limewash, is then pushed up in the woodland of planting site 1 from the slope of planting site 1 to slope
Bottom slice makees annular furrow face；
3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：According to line-spacing 55cm, spacing in the rows 22cm density trench digging plantation Yunnan Paris polyphylla in the annular furrow face performed
Watered after seedling, plantation, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, first with 1% 30~50s of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, uses 5ppm before plantation
Gibberellic acid adds 5ppm indolebutyric acid vernalization rooting treatments；；
4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management,
A weedings are earthed up：After the Paris polyphylla transplant survival of Yunnan, the weeds around the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan should be removed in time, find rhizome and root dew
When going out, it should be earthed up；
B irrigation and drainages：In arid season, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 is carried out using special drip irrigation system rationally uniform
Irrigate, make the Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of the interior plantation of whole planting site 1 uniform, in rainy season, timely venting ponding, prevent that disease from sending out
Raw, the special drip irrigation system includes being arranged on the upper elevated tank 5 in the slope of planting site 1 top, and the week pushed up along slope is pushed up on slope
Cloth is equipped with a circle drip irrigation house steward 4, and the drip irrigation house steward 4 connects with elevated tank 5, is provided with the drip irrigation house steward 4 several
Drip irrigation branch pipe 3, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3 is disposed with the slope top of planting site 1 to bottom of slope direction arrangement, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3
Spacing between multilayer drop-irrigation capillary 2, neighbouring two layers of drip irrigation capillary 2 and neighbouring two layers of ring in planting site 1
The interlamellar spacing of shape furrow face is identical, the low cost of the dedicated system, and water is transported into a high position, the low cost of conveying, and edge from a high position
The dropper device that the gradient direction of planting site 1 arranges ring, can guarantee that the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 irrigates uniform, be fully solved
Yunnan Paris polyphylla rising trend uneven phenomenon；
C adjusts light transmittance：In the growth period of Paris polyphylla in Yunnan, when the light transmittance in planting site 1 is too low, to repair except the excessive branch of forest
Leaf, when degree of shading is inadequate, takes the method for slotting branch shade to adjust printing opacity, to ensure spring light transmittance as 20~30%, the summer
Season, light transmittance was 15~20%, and autumn and winter light transmittance is 20~25%；
D topdresses：In First Year after the Paris polyphylla transplanting of Yunnan, apply fertilizer at quarterly intervals once, every time every mu of fertilising 1200kg of planting site 1,
The fertilizer is the farm manure and methane liquid in mass ratio 1 become thoroughly decomposed：1.5 proportions are formed, and are added in every 100kg fertilizer
Enter 150g ferrous sulfate, the farm manure is organic fertilizer with methane liquid, and pollution-free, fertilizer efficiency is good, and ferrous sulfate is added during fertilising
Afterwards, the leaf dark green of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud can be made and rich in gloss, preferably carry out photosynthesis, improve the yield and quality, Second Year
Topdress every year afterwards 4 times, for the first time in neat after seedling in 3~April, every mu of planting site applies composite fertilizer 8kg, second in growth in 5~June
Animated period, every mu of planting site 1 apply calcium superphosphate 35kg and fully macerate it is ripe after sheep manure 450kg, using when by sheep manure and peroxophosphoric acid
Spread fertilizer over the fields after calcium is well mixed on planting site, then intertill and be mixed into soil, for the third time in 8~September rhizome expanding stage, every mu of planting site
1, which applies the people and animals' liquid dung that becomes thoroughly decomposed, mixes farmyard manure 2200kg, falls seedling for the 4th time in 11~December, and every mu of planting site 1 applies composite fertilizer 25kg
The farm manure 900kg become thoroughly decomposed is covered above composite fertilizer afterwards, then is covering one layer of thin mud soil above；
The e prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After Paris polyphylla transplant survival, the rational dense planting garlic in planting site 1, as found to have disease, stands
Pull out diseased plant, and with Hickory Leaves, camphortree leaf in mass ratio 1：Heap fermentation after 1 ratio mixing, after fermented processing
Mixture, is applied around the Paris polyphylla plant of Yunnan；Then kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, bitter fruit leaf, water in mass ratio 1~2 is used again：2：1：
Mixing decocting liquid is made in 10 ratio, and selection fine day carries out foliage spray with sprayer, reaches sterilizing disease-preventing and deinsectization insect prevention；
F beats a kind of sedge：To prevent the unnecessary consumption of nutrient, the growth of centralizedly supply subterranean root, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Yunnan Paris polyphylla, extracts complete
Portion spends a kind of sedge, to promote the growth of rhizome, and beating a kind of sedge should select fine day to carry out；
G overwinter managements：Before the cold jelly of weather, cane is overwhelmed, the fertile soil of the woodland of planting site 1 is covered in its surface, prevented
The rudiment grown is endured cold, and allows Yunnan Paris polyphylla safe overwintering, coming year Yunnan Paris polyphylla is early emerged, is gone out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output；
5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome, stay the method for bud to excavate always to cut during harvesting, institute
Stating and cutting the method for staying bud always is dug out after the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan, and the rhizome for cutting earlier year growth does medicine, by the root section stem of top one with bud
Former hole cultivation is returned in planting site together with fibrous root, sustainable utilization.
Step 2. and 4. in, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is by sheep manure, cow dung, rapeseed dregs, leavening in mass ratio 550：
600:5:After 1 ratio mixing, it is 60~70% to water to water content, then piles fermentation heap, control temperature at 40~50 DEG C from
So fermentation is made after 6 months.
Embodiment 3：
Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process described in the present embodiment 3, comprises the following steps:：
1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site 1, selection in selection
The ecological environment of planting site 1 be height above sea level 2000m, the gradient is in 90 °, annual rainfall 1600mm, 28 DEG C of season of growth temperature, winter gas
More than 0 DEG C of temperature, frostless foggy, weather moistening, soil be faintly acid, retaining good permeability, it is loose, rich in organic matter, light transmittance
For 30%；
2. site preparation：During site preparation, first remove miscellaneous filling wood on planting site 1, weeds and debris, then by planting site 1 deep-cut 25cm with
On, every mu of planting site 1 applies the farm manure 3000kg and calcium superphosphate 50kg become thoroughly decomposed, then digs, after in small, broken bits, leveling, sprays sterilization
Liquid carries out disinfection to planting site 1, and the thimerosal is limewash, is then pushed up in the woodland of planting site 1 from the slope of planting site 1 to slope
Bottom slice makees annular furrow face；
3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：According to line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 20cm density trench digging plantation Yunnan Paris polyphylla in the annular furrow face performed
Watered after seedling, plantation, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, first with 1.5% 30~50s of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, is used before plantation
5ppm gibberellic acid adds 5ppm indolebutyric acid vernalization rooting treatments；
4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management,
A weedings are earthed up：After the Paris polyphylla transplant survival of Yunnan, the weeds around the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan should be removed in time, find rhizome and root dew
When going out, it should be earthed up；
B irrigation and drainages：In arid season, the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 is carried out using special drip irrigation system rationally uniform
Irrigate, make the Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of the interior plantation of whole planting site 1 uniform, in rainy season, timely venting ponding, prevent that disease from sending out
Raw, the special drip irrigation system includes being arranged on the upper elevated tank 5 in the slope of planting site 1 top, and the week pushed up along slope is pushed up on slope
Cloth is equipped with a circle drip irrigation house steward 4, and the drip irrigation house steward 4 connects with elevated tank 5, is provided with the drip irrigation house steward 4 several
Drip irrigation branch pipe 3, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3 is disposed with the slope top of planting site 1 to bottom of slope direction arrangement, the drip irrigation branch pipe 3
Spacing between multilayer drop-irrigation capillary 2, neighbouring two layers of drip irrigation capillary 2 and neighbouring two layers of ring in planting site 1
The interlamellar spacing of shape furrow face is identical, the low cost of the dedicated system, and water is transported into a high position, the low cost of conveying, and edge from a high position
The dropper device that the gradient direction of planting site 1 arranges ring, can guarantee that the Yunnan Paris polyphylla in planting site 1 irrigates uniform, be fully solved
Yunnan Paris polyphylla rising trend is uneven to be showed；
C adjusts light transmittance：In the growth period of Paris polyphylla in Yunnan, when the light transmittance in planting site 1 is too low, to repair except the excessive branch of forest
Leaf, when degree of shading is inadequate, takes the method for slotting branch shade to adjust printing opacity, to ensure spring light transmittance as 20~30%, the summer
Season, light transmittance was 15~20%, and autumn and winter light transmittance is 20~25%；
D topdresses：In First Year after the Paris polyphylla transplanting of Yunnan, apply fertilizer at quarterly intervals once, every time every mu of fertilising 1500kg of planting site 1,
The fertilizer is the farm manure and methane liquid in mass ratio 1 become thoroughly decomposed：2 proportions are formed, and are added in every 100kg fertilizer
200g ferrous sulfate, the farm manure is organic fertilizer with methane liquid, and pollution-free, fertilizer efficiency is good, is added during fertilising after ferrous sulfate,
The leaf dark green of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud can be made and rich in gloss, preferably carry out photosynthesis, improve the yield and quality, after Second Year
Topdress 4 times every year, for the first time in neat after seedling in 3~April, every mu of planting site applies composite fertilizer 10kg, second prosperous in growth in 5~June
Peak period, every mu of planting site 1 apply calcium superphosphate 40kg and fully macerate it is ripe after sheep manure 500kg, using when by sheep manure and calcium superphosphate
Spread fertilizer over the fields after well mixed on planting site, then intertill and be mixed into soil, for the third time in 8~September rhizome expanding stage, every mu of planting site 1
The application people and animals' liquid dung that becomes thoroughly decomposed mixes farmyard manure 2500kg, falls seedling for the 4th time in 11~December, and every mu of planting site 1 is applied after composite fertilizer 30kg
The farm manure 1000kg become thoroughly decomposed is covered above composite fertilizer, then is covering one layer of thin mud soil above；
The e prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After Paris polyphylla transplant survival, the rational dense planting garlic in planting site 1, as found to have disease, stands
Pull out diseased plant, and with Hickory Leaves, camphortree leaf in mass ratio 1：Heap fermentation after 1 ratio mixing, after fermented processing
Mixture, is applied around the Paris polyphylla plant of Yunnan；Then kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, bitter fruit leaf, water in mass ratio 1 is used again：2：2：10
Mixing decocting liquid is made in ratio, and selection fine day carries out foliage spray with sprayer, reaches sterilizing disease-preventing and deinsectization insect prevention；
F beats a kind of sedge：To prevent the unnecessary consumption of nutrient, the growth of centralizedly supply subterranean root, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Yunnan Paris polyphylla, extracts complete
Portion spends a kind of sedge, to promote the growth of rhizome, and beating a kind of sedge should select fine day to carry out；
G overwinter managements：Before the cold jelly of weather, cane is overwhelmed, the fertile soil of the woodland of planting site 1 is covered in its surface, prevented
The rudiment grown is endured cold, and allows Yunnan Paris polyphylla safe overwintering, coming year Yunnan Paris polyphylla is early emerged, is gone out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output；
5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome, stay the method for bud to excavate always to cut during harvesting, institute
Stating and cutting the method for staying bud always is dug out after the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan, and the rhizome for cutting earlier year growth does medicine, by the root section stem of top one with bud
Former hole cultivation is returned in planting site together with fibrous root, sustainable utilization.
Step 2. and 4. in, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is by sheep manure, cow dung, rapeseed dregs, leavening in mass ratio 600：
600: 5:After 1 ratio mixing, it is 60~70% to water to water content, then piles fermentation heap, and control temperature is at 40~50 DEG C
Spontaneous fermentation is made after 6 months.
The seedling upgrowth situation of the present embodiment 1~3 is described：In embodiment of a diameter of 3cm Yunnan Paris polyphylla as seedling is used,
The survival rate of transplanting is more than 92%, plant the growing fine within whole growth period after being survived after transplanting, is planted in whole woods
The growing way of the Yunnan Paris polyphylla of plant is all than more uniform, by the Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling of this method cultivation under woods, the steroid saponin of ripe rhizome
The 11.38%~16.34% of total amount is accounted for, average is 13,67%, and existing conventional steroid saponin accounts for the 8.65%~14.90% of total amount,
Average is 12.38%, draws contents of steroid saponin apparently higher than conventional Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling cultural method, other compositions such as brass, third
The several physiological active substances such as propylhomoserin, which have, to be more obviously improved, total lifting amplitude 10% or so, content of beary metal and other
The agriculture content of deposition has more significant reduction than conventional Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling Tending methods, and total range of decrease is 90% or so.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
1. the selection in forest land：There are tall and big evergreen broadleaf forest, earth's surface to have the forest land of liver moss coppice as planting site in selection（1）, choosing
The planting site selected（1）Ecological environment is 800~2000m of height above sea level, and the gradient is in 30~90 °, 1000~1600mm of annual rainfall, growth
22~28 DEG C of seasonal temperature, more than 0 DEG C of winter temperature, frostless foggy, weather moistening, soil be faintly acid, retaining good permeability,
It is loose, rich in organic matter, light transmittance is 20~30%；
2. site preparation：During site preparation, planting site is first removed（1）On miscellaneous filling wood, weeds and debris, then by planting site（1）Deep-cut
More than 25cm, every mu of planting site（1）30~the 50kg of 2000~3000kg of farm manure and calcium superphosphate become thoroughly decomposed is applied, then is dug, carefully
After broken, leveling, thimerosal is sprayed to planting site（1）Carry out disinfection, then in planting site（1）Woodland from planting site（1）Slope
Push up bottom of slope layering and make annular furrow face；
3. Yunnan Paris polyphylla is planted：Ditch and plant according to 50~60cm of line-spacing, 20~25cm of spacing in the rows density in the annular furrow face performed
Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling is planted, is watered after plantation；
4. field management：Including weeding ridging, irrigation and drainage, regulation light transmittance, topdress, beat a kind of sedge and overwinter management,
A weedings are earthed up：After the Paris polyphylla transplant survival of Yunnan, the weeds around the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan should be removed in time, find rhizome and root dew
When going out, it should be earthed up；
B irrigation and drainages：In arid season, using special drip irrigation system to planting site（1）Interior Yunnan Paris polyphylla carries out rationally uniform
Irrigation, allow whole planting site（1）The Yunnan Paris polyphylla growing way of interior plantation is uniform, in rainy season, timely venting ponding, prevents disease
Evil occurs；
C adjusts light transmittance：In Yunnan, in the growth period of Paris polyphylla, work as planting site（1）When interior light transmittance is too low, to repair except forest is excessive
Branches and leaves, when degree of shading is inadequate, take the method for slotting branch shade to adjust printing opacity, to ensure spring light transmittance as 20~30%,
Summer light transmittance is 15~20%, and autumn and winter light transmittance is 20~25%；
D topdresses：In First Year after the Paris polyphylla transplanting of Yunnan, apply fertilizer at quarterly intervals once, each every mu of planting site（1）Fertilising 1000
~1500kg, the fertilizer is the farm manure and methane liquid in mass ratio 1 become thoroughly decomposed：1~2 proportions are formed, and every
Topdressed 4 times every year after 100~200g of addition ferrous sulfate, Second Year in 100kg fertilizer, for the first time in neat seedling in 3~April
Afterwards, every mu of planting site applies 5~10kg of composite fertilizer, and animated period, every mu of planting site are grown in 5~June for the second time（1）Apply calcium superphosphate
30~40kg and fully macerate it is ripe after 400~500kg of sheep manure, using when by sheep manure and calcium superphosphate it is well mixed after spread fertilizer over the fields and planting
Plant on the ground, then intertill and be mixed into soil, for the third time in 8~September rhizome expanding stage, every mu of planting site（1）Application is become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung
Mix 2000~2500kg of farmyard manure, fall seedling, every mu of planting site for the 4th time in 11~December（1）Apply after 20~30kg of composite fertilizer multiple
800~1000kg of farm manure that covering is become thoroughly decomposed above Hefei, then one layer of thin mud soil is being covered above；
The e prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：After Paris polyphylla transplant survival, in planting site（1）Interior rational dense planting garlic, as found to have disease,
Pull out diseased plant immediately, and with Hickory Leaves, camphortree leaf in mass ratio 1：Heap fermentation after 1 ratio mixing, after fermented processing
Mixture, apply around the Paris polyphylla plant of Yunnan；Then kuh-seng, the tuber of stemona, bitter fruit leaf, water in mass ratio 1~2 is used again：1~
2：1~2：Mixing decocting liquid is made in 10 ratio, and selection fine day carries out foliage spray with sprayer, reaches that sterilizing disease-preventing and deinsectization are anti-
Worm；
F beats a kind of sedge：To prevent the unnecessary consumption of nutrient, the growth of centralizedly supply subterranean root, when flower a kind of sedge occurs in Yunnan Paris polyphylla, extracts complete
Portion spends a kind of sedge, to promote the growth of rhizome, and beating a kind of sedge should select fine day to carry out；
G overwinter managements：Before the cold jelly of weather, cane is overwhelmed, by planting site（1）The fertile soil of woodland is covered in its surface, prevents
The rudiment only grown is endured cold, and allows Yunnan Paris polyphylla safe overwintering, coming year Yunnan Paris polyphylla is early emerged, is gone out strong sprout, tidy seedlings output；
5. harvest：After plantation 5 years, you can carry out the harvesting of Yunnan rhizoma paris rhizome, stay the method for bud to excavate always to cut during harvesting, institute
Stating and cutting the method for staying bud always is dug out after the Paris polyphylla of Yunnan, and the rhizome for cutting earlier year growth does medicine, by the root section stem of top one with bud
Former hole cultivation is returned in planting site together with fibrous root, sustainable utilization.
2. a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the b of step 4.
In process, the special drip irrigation system includes being arranged on planting site（1）The upper elevated tank in slope top（5）, and slope top on along
Slope is disposed with a circle drip irrigation house steward around top（4）, the drip irrigation house steward（4）With elevated tank（5）Connection, the drip irrigation house steward
（4）On several drip irrigation branch pipes are installed（3）, the drip irrigation branch pipe（3）Along planting site（1）Slope top to bottom of slope direction arrangement,
The drip irrigation branch pipe（3）On be disposed with multilayer drop-irrigation capillary（2）, neighbouring two layers of drip irrigation capillary（2）Between spacing
With planting site（1）The interlamellar spacing of neighbouring two layers interior annular furrow face is identical.
3. a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2. and 5.
In, the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed is by sheep manure, cow dung, rapeseed dregs, leavening in mass ratio 500~600：500~600:4~5:1
Ratio mixing after, it is 60~70% to water to water content, then piles fermentation heap, controls temperature spontaneous fermentation 6 at 40~50 DEG C
It is made after individual month.
4. a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3. in,
The Yunnan Paris polyphylla seedling, first with 0.5~1.5% 30~50s of disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate, is added before plantation using 5ppm gibberellic acid
5ppm indolebutyric acid vernalization rooting treatments.
5. a kind of Yunnan Paris polyphylla sylvan life imitating wild planting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2. in,
The thimerosal is limewash.
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| CN109392641A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-01 | 兴文县人民医院 | A kind of imitating wild planting process of Paris polyphylla |
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| CN111802200A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-10-23 | 云南云测质量检验有限公司 | Seedling-protecting digging high-yield method for paris polyphylla |
| CN112753512A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-05-07 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Method for preventing diseases and insect pests of paris polyphylla by adopting natural Chinese herbal medicine liquid |
| CN112913608A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Paris polyphylla wild-imitating cultivation method and Paris polyphylla wild-imitating cultivation equipment |
| CN114175962A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-15 | 甘孜藏族自治州林业科学研究所 | Interplanting planting method for Yunnan rhizoma paridis under walnut forest |
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Application publication date: 20170714 |