CN108849346A - A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing - Google Patents
A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849346A CN108849346A CN201810694758.8A CN201810694758A CN108849346A CN 108849346 A CN108849346 A CN 108849346A CN 201810694758 A CN201810694758 A CN 201810694758A CN 108849346 A CN108849346 A CN 108849346A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing, includes the following steps:1. first carrying out the polygonatum kingianurn berry after picking after-ripening 20~25 days, pulp fraction is removed, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；2. carrying out desinsection and sterilizing after nursery is applied fertilizer, turned over；3. sowing；4. the seeding stage keeps ground moistening, shading rate is controlled 70~80%；5. transplanting：By 25~35cm of spacing in the rows, 30~45cm of line-spacing density by seedling replanting in planting site, after transplanting every 3~5 days to seedling water 1 time；6. the management in growth period includes water management, weeding, top dressing, the control of shading rate and tongue fur of binding；7. harvesting.The present invention realizes, standardization nursery fine to polygonatum kingianurn, not only shortens seedling raise period, improves the survival rate and quality of nursery, and emergence rate is high, and pest and disease damage incidence is low, and the speed of growth is fast, polygonatum kingianurn rhizome plumpness after harvesting is sturdy, and quality is good, yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture based on seed growing
Method.
Background technique
Rhizoma polygonati also known as polygonatum sibiricum Redoute, yellow chicken dish, achickenclaw ginseng, are HUANGJING ZANYU CAPSULE, have tonifying spleen, moistening lung, promote the production of body fluid, QI invigorating
The effect of yin-nourishing, antibacterial, anti-aging, beautiful appearance, strong energy, is mainly used for weakness of the spleen and the stomach, fatigue and asthenia, dry deficiency of food, essence and blood
The diseases such as deficiency, hypertension, external application huang jing extract can treat the ringworm of the foot.Rhizoma polygonati is mainly distributed on the province such as North China, East China, south China, Central China
It is widely distributed and cultivates, sweet sealwort is also referred to as with Yunnan polygonatum kingianurn, mouthfeel quality is good, good effect and famous China and foreign countries.Rhizoma polygonati is more
It is born in hayashishita, shrubbery or hillside, likes dark and damp, cold-resistant, seedling energy open field soil.Modern pharmacology research shows that rhizoma polygonati has
The multiple pharmacological effects such as strengthen immunity, Adjust-blood lipid, hypoglycemic, anti-aging.Rhizoma polygonati is shown to the chemical constitution study of rhizoma polygonati
Contain sibiricoside, niacin, carbohydrate, amino acid and the Multiple components such as micro.It can be seen that the market application prospect of rhizoma polygonati is wide
Wealthy, however as the continuous reduction of market demand being continuously increased with wild resource, the artificial cultivation of rhizoma polygonati has become market
The main body of supply and demand.Currently, seedling-raising technique is the key that study at present, in existing skill in the technology of artificial cultivation polygonatum kingianurn
In art, the seedling-raising technique of polygonatum kingianurn mainly has seminal propagation and Propagation of Rhizomes two ways, using seminal propagation due to polygonatum kingianurn
Seed dormant period it is longer, using seed seedling-raising, it is low that there are germination percentages, and seminal propagation time long disadvantage, this is virtually big
The big cost for increasing plantation is unfavorable for the artificial large area plantation of polygonatum kingianurn, so in the artificial cultivation of current polygonatum kingianurn
In, the breeding of seedling relies primarily on Propagation of Rhizomes, although the period of this method breeding is short, breeding coefficient is low, rhizome use
Amount is big, and the cost of plantation is also higher, and disease resistance is not high, and the quality and yield of product is also unable to reach expection, is not easy to cultivation pipe
Reason is effectively promoted.Therefore, develop it is a kind of it is at low cost, nursery speed is fast, emergence rate is high, consistent, yield is high, quality
Well, being able to achieve the polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing of large-scale plantation is desirability.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the purpose of the present invention is to provide, nursery speed fast, emergence rate
It is high, consistent, yield is high, quality is good, is able to achieve the polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing of large-scale plantation.
A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing of the present invention, includes the following steps:
1. reserving seed for planting:The polygonatum kingianurn berry for selecting harvesting ripe full, places it in after-ripening in dry and ventilated room after picking
It 20~25 days, washes the pulp fraction of berry by rubbing with the hands after berry softening, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；
2. seedbed arranges：Loose sandy loam fertile, irrigation is convenient, draining is good, humus and the content of organic matter are high is selected, so
It applies decomposed 1000~1500kg of 2000~3000kg of farmyard manure or organic fertilizer per acre on plot afterwards, is ploughed under soil later
In earth, insecticide is sprinkled into per acre in plot again after idle 15~20 days, then by plot rotary tillage 30cm or more, leaves unused 7~10
By the thin trench digging reason moisture in the soil of plot leveling rake after it, the wide 1.2~1.3m of moisture surface, moisture in the soil high 20~25cm, 30~40cm of furrow width will finally match
The fungicide medical fluid made sprays in moisture surface；
3. sowing：First polygonatum kingianurn seed is put into carbendazim and 300~400 times of mixed liquors of the fifty-fifty amount of Metalaxyl-M before sowing
30~40min is impregnated, after taking-up is dried in the shade, is ditched in moisture surface drilling according to the line-spacing of 8~10cm, the application rate of drilling is per acre
25~300,000, the sieving fine earth or fertile soil of 1~2cm thickness are then covered in moisture surface, cover upper one in moisture surface again later
The pine needle of layer 2~3cm thickness, pine needle use 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin by volume 1 after covering:1
The mixed liquor prepared of ratio pour and apply moisture surface, be advisable with irrigating the soil of moisture surface, poured apply moisture surface 1 time again every 15 days later；
4. seedling management：Seeding stage need to keep ground moistening, and build shade, and control shading rate is right after 70~80%, emergence
Seedling, which is poured, applies seedling foliar fertilizer 1~2 time；
5. transplanting：Decomposed 30~50kg of 2000~3000kg of farmyard manure and plant ash is applied per acre in planting site before transplanting, it is deep
Plough, after leveling, in the March in November to next year, selector stem in 2~5cm, the complete seedling of root system, by spacing in the rows 25~
35cm, 30~45cm of line-spacing density by seedling replanting in planting site, root 5~6cm of earthing after transplanting in seedling is thick, pressure
It watered 1 time every 3~5 days to seedling after reality；
6. the management in growth period
A water management：In arid season, moisturizing should be carried out to seedling in time, make the water tariff collection of soil between 45~55%,
In rainy season, drains in time, avoid moisture surface ponding；
B weeding：It after seedling replanting survives, should see the grass and pull it out, timely earthing is answered to the moisture surface of the native table exposure in part；
C top dressing：Compound fertilizer need to be imposed 2~3 times in the growth period of polygonatum kingianurn plant every year, every minor tick 30~35 days, chased after per acre
10~20kg of compound fertilizer is applied, while growth foliar fertilizer 3~4 times need to be sprayed in the animated period of polygonatum kingianurn plant strain growth every year, every
It sprays within 15 days 1 time；
The control of d shading rate：First Year after polygonatum kingianurn seedling replanting, the control of shading rate after 40~50%, transplanting the
Third year shading rate control of the shading rate control in 2 years after 30~40%, transplanting does not have on the 4th year after 20~30%, transplanting
Shading rate is controlled, polygonatum kingianurn is allowed to grow under natural environmental condition；
E binds tongue fur：Every year when plant strain growth to 10~13 tongue fur leaf, need bind in time to plant, allow plant retain 9~
10 tongue fur leaves promote the growth of plant root to subtract oligotrophic consumption；
7. harvesting：It can all be harvested before plant germination after time of the year when autumn changes into winter plant is withered or at the beginning of last month of spring autumn in winter, when harvesting is first clear
The deadwood for managing ground, root is all taken, the soil of root is scraped off.
The present invention is on the basis of furtheing investigate the physiological property of polygonatum kingianurn seed and summarizing former achievements, by right
Advanced optimizing and arranging for polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture administrative skill, has the advantages that：
1. the seed after reserving seed for planting carries out Aging storage, the dormancy time of seed can be further reduced, and seed is being sowed
On the one hand preceding progress soaking disinfection processing reduces the incidence of seed pest and disease damage as far as possible, improve the disease-resistant anti-of seedling
On the other hand inverse property significantly improves the germination percentage of seed, after soaking disinfection, the germination percentage of seed reached 99% with
On.
2, by seedling cultivation bed reasonable construction, it is ensured that the superiority of polygonatum kingianurn growing environment is applied fertilizer, plough can be with
The phenomenon for improving soil hardening, fertility deficiency, promotes the fast-growth of seedling, by carrying out pesticide-germicide to seedling bed, avoids
The generation of pest and disease damage, ensure that the benign development of root system in Seed Germination early period, so that emergence rate is effectively raised,
Emergence rate can reach 95% or more.
3, moisture, nutrient during growth of seedling can be guaranteed by the control to shading rate and liquid manure in nursery stage
The growing way of abundance, seedling is strong, and the speed of growth is fast, and then shortens the period of nursery, reduces the cost of nursery.
5, it after transplanting, is irrigated using reasonable, can guarantee that the moisture in entire planting site is sufficient, by reasonably applying fertilizer,
The paris polyphylla growing way in entire planting site can be allowed uniform, provide good condition to provide the yield of paris polyphylla, by by
Shading rate drops in year, and the environment of seedling during the growth process is enabled to carry out the friendship of natural environment and ecotopia in a short time
For growth, avoids traditional polygonatum kingianurn high phenomenon of death rate during transplanting and wiped out by carrying out tongue fur of binding to plant
Plant 9~11 or more stalks, so that under photosynthesis, while nutrient can be grown for blade face, moreover it is possible to promote root
Growth.
In conclusion the present invention realizes, standardization nursery fine to polygonatum kingianurn, seedling raise period is not only shortened, is improved
The survival rate and quality of nursery, and emergence rate is high, the growing way of plant is vigorous in entire growth cycle, pest and disease damage incidence
Low, the speed of growth is fast, and the polygonatum kingianurn rhizome plumpness after harvesting is sturdy, and quality is good, yield is high, in addition the cultural method it is novel,
Feasibility is high, it is at low cost, be easy to propagation in scale, to it is effective solve polygonatum kingianurn seedling shortage now, rhizome breeds cost of investment
The problems such as high have preferable realistic meaning, this method be improve polygonatum kingianurn industrialized planting, enhance product competitiveness establish
Good basis can become the leading industry of peasant programme completely.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is limited in any way,
Based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing, includes the following steps described in the present embodiment 1:
1. reserving seed for planting:The polygonatum kingianurn berry for selecting harvesting ripe full, places it in after-ripening in dry and ventilated room after picking
It 20 days, washes the pulp fraction of berry by rubbing with the hands after berry softening, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；
2. seedbed arranges：Loose sandy loam fertile, irrigation is convenient, draining is good, humus and the content of organic matter are high is selected, so
Apply decomposed farmyard manure 2000g per acre on plot afterwards, ploughed under in soil later, leave unused 15 days after again in plot per acre
It is sprinkled into insecticide, the insecticide is imidacloprid, according to the application method and dosage on product description when use, then
By plot rotary tillage 30cm or more, by the thin trench digging reason moisture in the soil of plot leveling rake, the wide 1.2m of moisture surface, the high 20cm of moisture in the soil, furrow width after leaving unused 7 days
30cm, finally by prepared fungicide medical fluid spray in moisture surface, the microbicide solution is by Bravo and water by volume
Than 1:500 ratio is blent；
3. sowing：First polygonatum kingianurn seed is put into carbendazim and 300 times of mixed liquors of the fifty-fifty amount of Metalaxyl-M before sowing and is impregnated
30min after taking-up is dried in the shade, ditches drilling according to the line-spacing of 8cm in moisture surface, and the application rate of drilling is 250,000 per acre, then
The sieving fine earth that 1cm thickness is covered in moisture surface, covers the pine needle of upper one layer of 2cm thickness in moisture surface again later, and pine needle covering finishes
Afterwards with 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin by volume 1:The mixed liquor that 1 ratio is prepared, which pours, applies moisture surface, with
The soil for irrigating moisture surface is advisable, and poured apply moisture surface 1 time again every 15 days later；
4. seedling management：Seeding stage need to keep ground moistening, and build shade, control shading rate after 70%, emergence to seedling
It pours and applies seedling foliar fertilizer 1 time, the seedling foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is used after blending when spraying with water；
5. transplanting：Apply decomposed farmyard manure 2000kg and plant ash 30kg before transplanting per acre in planting site, after deep ploughing, leveling,
In the March in November to next year, selector stem in 2~5cm, the complete seedling of root system, by spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 30cm it is close
Degree in planting site, in the root earthing 5cm thickness of seedling after transplanting, watered seedling replanting 1 time every 3 days to seedling after compacting；
6. the management in growth period
A water management：In arid season, moisturizing should be carried out to seedling in time, make the water tariff collection of soil between 45~55%,
The drip irrigation system of water-fertilizer integral is irrigated when moisturizing, in rainy season, is drained in time, is avoided moisture surface ponding；
B weeding：It after seedling replanting survives, should see the grass and pull it out, timely earthing is answered to the moisture surface of the native table exposure in part；
C top dressing：Compound fertilizer need to be imposed 2 times in the growth period of polygonatum kingianurn plant every year, every minor tick 30 days, impose compound fertilizer per acre
The ratio of 10kg, N, P, K of the compound fertilizer are 1:0.5:1.2, while needing to spray in the animated period of polygonatum kingianurn plant strain growth every year
Growth foliar fertilizer 3 times to be applied, was sprayed every 15 days 1 time, the growth foliar fertilizer is 0.25% urea, when top dressing, compound fertilizer and growth
After foliar fertilizer is blent with water respectively, then the drip irrigation system of water-fertilizer integral is used to spray；
The control of d shading rate：First Year after polygonatum kingianurn seedling replanting, shading rate control the second year after 50%, transplanting
Third year shading rate of the shading rate control after 40%, transplanting, which is controlled, does not have to control shading rate for the 4th year after 30%, transplanting, allows
Polygonatum kingianurn is grown under natural environmental condition, and the shading for building shade or underwood planting can be used in the shading rate for controlling polygonatum kingianurn
Mode；
E when plant strain growth to 10 tongue fur leaf, needs in time to bind to plant, allows plant to retain 9 tongue fur leaves, to reduce nutrition every year
Consumption, promote plant root growth；Polygonatum kingianurn plant lodges in order to prevent, and polygonatum kingianurn plant, can be in growth animated period
Anti-down colored net is built above plantation plot, the height of anti-down flower net is 1.2~1.8m；
7. harvesting：It can all be harvested before plant germination after time of the year when autumn changes into winter plant is withered or at the beginning of last month of spring autumn in winter, when harvesting is first clear
The deadwood for managing ground, root is all taken, the soil of root is scraped off.
Seedling is cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 1, is emerged from being seeded into, it is only necessary to which 6 months, not only emergence was neat, out
Seedling rate is high, emergence rate 93.5%, and the seedling after this method is cultivated take root fastly, stem thickness strengthen, grow vigorous, planted after transplanting
The high survival rate of seedling, survival rate have reached 96.8%.Meanwhile seedling early growth speed is fast after transplanting, growing way is vigorous, the speed of growth
Fastly, disease-resistant, resistance is strong, has no pest and disease damage, the polygonatum kingianurn rhizome after harvesting is high-quality, quality is good, yield is high, income
Good, compared with traditional cultural method, per mu yield improves 10.2%.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing, includes the following steps described in the present embodiment 2:
1. reserving seed for planting:The polygonatum kingianurn berry for selecting harvesting ripe full, places it in after-ripening in dry and ventilated room after picking
It 22 days, washes the pulp fraction of berry by rubbing with the hands after berry softening, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；
2. seedbed arranges：Loose sandy loam fertile, irrigation is convenient, draining is good, humus and the content of organic matter are high is selected, so
1000~1500kg of organic fertilizer per acre on plot afterwards, is ploughed under in soil later, every in plot again after leaving unused 18 days
Mu is sprinkled into insecticide, and the insecticide is Diacloden, and the dosage and application method of insecticide press product description, then will
Plot rotary tillage 30cm or more, by the thin trench digging reason moisture in the soil of plot leveling rake, the wide 1.25m of moisture surface, the high 22cm of moisture in the soil, furrow width after leaving unused 9 days
35m, finally by prepared fungicide medical fluid spray in moisture surface, the microbicide solution is by Mancozeb and water by volume
Than 1:500 ratio is blent；
3. sowing：First polygonatum kingianurn seed is put into carbendazim and 350 times of mixed liquors of the fifty-fifty amount of Metalaxyl-M before sowing and is impregnated
35min after taking-up is dried in the shade, ditches drilling according to the line-spacing of 9cm in moisture surface, and the application rate of drilling is 280,000 per acre, then
The sieving fine earth or fertile soil that 2cm thickness is covered in moisture surface, cover the pine needle of upper one layer of 3cm thickness, pine needle in moisture surface again later
With 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin by volume 1 after covering:The mixed liquor that 1 ratio is prepared, which pours, to be applied
Moisture surface is advisable with irrigating the soil of moisture surface, poured apply moisture surface 1 time again every 15 days later；
4. seedling management：Seeding stage need to keep ground moistening, and build shade, control shading rate after 75%, emergence to seedling
It pours and applies seedling foliar fertilizer 1~2 time, the seedling foliar fertilizer is fulvic acid, after first blending fulvic acid and water when use, then with spraying
Mist sprinkling；
5. transplanting：Apply decomposed farmyard manure 2500kg and plant ash 40kg before transplanting per acre in planting site, after deep ploughing, leveling,
In the March in November to next year, selector stem in 2~5cm, the complete seedling of root system, by spacing in the rows 30cm, line-spacing 40cm it is close
Degree in planting site, in the root earthing 6cm thickness of seedling after transplanting, watered seedling replanting 1 time every 4 days to seedling after compacting；
6. the management in growth period
A water management：In arid season, moisturizing should be carried out to seedling in time, make the water tariff collection of soil between 50%, moisturizing
When, it is irrigated using the drip irrigation system of water-fertilizer integral, in rainy season, drains in time, avoid moisture surface ponding；
B weeding：It after seedling replanting survives, should see the grass and pull it out, timely earthing is answered to the moisture surface of the native table exposure in part；
C top dressing：Compound fertilizer need to be imposed 3 times in the growth period of polygonatum kingianurn plant every year, every minor tick 33 days, impose compound fertilizer per acre
15kg, while growth foliar fertilizer 3 times need to be sprayed in the animated period of polygonatum kingianurn plant strain growth every year, it was sprayed every 15 days 1 time, it is described
Growth foliar fertilizer is 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, when top dressing, after compound fertilizer and growth foliar fertilizer and water are blent, then using liquid manure
Integrated drip irrigation system top dressing；
The control of d shading rate：First Year after polygonatum kingianurn seedling replanting, shading rate control the second year after 45%, transplanting
Third year shading rate of the shading rate control after 35%, transplanting, which is controlled, does not have to control shading rate for the 4th year after 25%, transplanting, allows
Polygonatum kingianurn is grown under natural environmental condition；
E binds tongue fur：Every year when plant strain growth to 12 tongue fur leaf, needs in time to bind to plant, plant is allowed to retain 10 tongue fur leaves,
To subtract oligotrophic consumption, promote the growth of plant root；Polygonatum kingianurn plant lodges in order to prevent, and polygonatum kingianurn plant is prosperous in growth
Peak period can build anti-down colored net above plantation plot, and the height of anti-down flower net is 1.2~1.8m；
7. harvesting：It can all be harvested before plant germination after time of the year when autumn changes into winter plant is withered or at the beginning of last month of spring autumn in winter, when harvesting is first clear
The deadwood for managing ground, root is all taken, the soil of root is scraped off.
Seedling to be cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 2, is emerged from being seeded into, it is only necessary to 5 half a months, not only emergence is neat,
Emergence rate is high, emergence rate 95.3%, and the seedling after this method is cultivated take root fastly, stem thickness strengthen, grow it is vigorous, after transplanting
The high survival rate of seedling, survival rate have reached 98.5%.Meanwhile seedling early growth speed is fast after transplanting, growing way is vigorous, growth is fast
Degree is fast, disease-resistant, resistance is strong, has no pest and disease damage, and the polygonatum kingianurn rhizome after harvesting is high-quality, quality is good, yield is high, income
Good, compared with traditional cultural method, per mu yield improves 12.5%.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing, includes the following steps described in the present embodiment 3:
1. reserving seed for planting:The polygonatum kingianurn berry for selecting harvesting ripe full, places it in after-ripening in dry and ventilated room after picking
It 25 days, washes the pulp fraction of berry by rubbing with the hands after berry softening, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；
2. seedbed arranges：Loose sandy loam fertile, irrigation is convenient, draining is good, humus and the content of organic matter are high is selected, so
It applies decomposed 2000~3000kg of farmyard manure per acre on plot afterwards, is ploughed under in soil later, again on ground after leaving unused 20 days
Be sprinkled into insecticide in block per acre, the insecticide is octyl sulfate, and octyl sulfate can also be replaced with fosthiazate, in use, dosage and
Plot leveling is harrowed thin trench digging reason moisture in the soil after leaving unused 10 days then by plot rotary tillage 30cm or more by application method by specification,
The wide 1.3m of moisture surface, moisture in the soil high 25cm, furrow width 40cm, finally by prepared fungicide medical fluid spray in moisture surface, the fungicide
Solution is by procymidone and water by volume 1:500 ratio is blent；
3. sowing：First polygonatum kingianurn seed is put into carbendazim and 400 times of mixed liquors of the fifty-fifty amount of Metalaxyl-M before sowing and is impregnated
30~40min after taking-up is dried in the shade, ditches drilling according to the line-spacing of 10cm in moisture surface, and the application rate of drilling is 300,000 per acre,
Then the sieving fine earth or fertile soil that 2cm thickness is covered in moisture surface, cover the pine needle of upper one layer of 3cm thickness in moisture surface again later,
Pine needle cover after with 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin by volume 1:The mixed liquor that 1 ratio is prepared
It pours and applies moisture surface, be advisable with irrigating the soil of moisture surface, poured apply moisture surface 1 time again every 15 days later；
4. seedling management：Seeding stage need to keep ground moistening, and build shade, control shading rate after 80%, emergence to seedling
It pours and applies seedling foliar fertilizer 2 times, the seedling foliar fertilizer is humic acid；
5. transplanting：Apply decomposed farmyard manure 3000kg and plant ash 50kg before transplanting per acre in planting site, after deep ploughing, leveling,
In the March in November to next year, selector stem in 2~5cm, the complete seedling of root system, by spacing in the rows 35cm, line-spacing 45cm it is close
Degree in planting site, in the root earthing 6cm thickness of seedling after transplanting, watered seedling replanting 1 time every 5 days to seedling after compacting；
6. the management in growth period
A water management：In arid season, moisturizing should be carried out to seedling in time, make the water tariff collection of soil between 45~55 DEG C,
It is irrigated when moisturizing using the drip irrigation system of water-fertilizer integral, it is time saving and energy saving, and irrigate uniformly, in rainy season, arrange in time
Water avoids moisture surface ponding；
B weeding：It after seedling replanting survives, should see the grass and pull it out, timely earthing is answered to the moisture surface of the native table exposure in part；
C top dressing：Compound fertilizer need to be imposed 3 times in the growth period of polygonatum kingianurn plant every year, every minor tick 35 days, impose compound fertilizer per acre
20kg, while growth foliar fertilizer 4 times need to be sprayed in the animated period of polygonatum kingianurn plant strain growth every year, it was sprayed every 15 days 1 time, it is described
Growth foliar fertilizer is 0.2% boric acid, and it is first by compound fertilizer when top dressing that fulvic acid, which can be used, in 0.2% boric acid, amino acid replaces
After blending with growth foliar fertilizer and water, then use the drip irrigation system top dressing of water-fertilizer integral；
The control of d shading rate：First Year after polygonatum kingianurn seedling replanting, shading rate control the second year after 50%, transplanting
Third year shading rate of the shading rate control after 40%, transplanting, which is controlled, does not have to control shading rate for the 4th year after 30%, transplanting, allows
Polygonatum kingianurn is grown under natural environmental condition, and the shading for building shade or underwood planting can be used in the shading rate for controlling polygonatum kingianurn
Mode；
E binds tongue fur：Every year when plant strain growth to 13 tongue fur leaf, needs in time to bind to plant, plant is allowed to retain 10 tongue fur leaves,
For the polygonatum kingianurn plant that do not reserve seed for planting, while the bud in stalk is wiped out, to subtract oligotrophic consumption, promotes the life of plant root
Long, to prevent the excessively high generation lodging phenomenon of polygonatum kingianurn plant, polygonatum kingianurn plant, can be in the upper of plantation plot in growth animated period
Anti-down colored net is built by side, and the height of anti-down flower net is 1.2~1.8m；
7. harvesting：It can all be harvested before plant germination after time of the year when autumn changes into winter plant is withered or at the beginning of last month of spring autumn in winter, when harvesting is first clear
The deadwood for managing ground, root is all taken, the soil of root is scraped off.
Seedling is cultivated using the method for the present embodiment 3, is emerged from being seeded into, it is only necessary to 3~4 months, not only emergence was neat,
Emergence rate is high, emergence rate 92.8%, and the seedling after this method is cultivated take root fastly, stem thickness strengthen, grow it is vigorous, after transplanting
The high survival rate of seedling, survival rate have reached 96.4%.Meanwhile seedling early growth speed is fast after transplanting, growing way is vigorous, growth is fast
Degree is fast, disease-resistant, resistance is strong, has no pest and disease damage, and the polygonatum kingianurn rhizome after harvesting is high-quality, quality is good, yield is high, income
Good, compared with traditional cultural method, per mu yield improves 11.4%.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing, it is characterised in that, include the following steps:
1. reserving seed for planting:The polygonatum kingianurn berry for selecting harvesting ripe full, places it in after-ripening in dry and ventilated room after picking
It 20~25 days, washes the pulp fraction of berry by rubbing with the hands after berry softening, can be obtained polygonatum kingianurn seed；
2. seedbed arranges：Loose sandy loam fertile, irrigation is convenient, draining is good, humus and the content of organic matter are high is selected, so
It applies decomposed 1000~1500kg of 2000~3000kg of farmyard manure or organic fertilizer per acre on plot afterwards, is ploughed under soil later
In earth, insecticide is sprinkled into per acre in plot again after idle 15~20 days, then by plot rotary tillage 30cm or more, leaves unused 7~10
By the thin trench digging reason moisture in the soil of plot leveling rake after it, the wide 1.2~1.3m of moisture surface, moisture in the soil high 20~25cm, 30~40cm of furrow width will finally match
The fungicide medical fluid made sprays in moisture surface；
3. sowing：First polygonatum kingianurn seed is put into carbendazim and 300~400 times of mixed liquors of the fifty-fifty amount of Metalaxyl-M before sowing
30~40min is impregnated, after taking-up is dried in the shade, is ditched in moisture surface drilling according to the line-spacing of 8~10cm, the application rate of drilling is per acre
25~300,000, the sieving fine earth or fertile soil of 1~2cm thickness are then covered in moisture surface, cover upper one in moisture surface again later
The pine needle of layer 2~3cm thickness, pine needle use 600 times of liquid of 600 times of liquid of carbendazim and agricultural streptomycin by volume 1 after covering:1
The mixed liquor prepared of ratio pour and apply moisture surface, be advisable with irrigating the soil of moisture surface, poured apply moisture surface 1 time again every 15 days later；
4. seedling management：Seeding stage need to keep ground moistening, and build shade, and control shading rate is right after 70~80%, emergence
Seedling, which is poured, applies seedling foliar fertilizer 1~2 time；
5. transplanting：Decomposed 30~50kg of 2000~3000kg of farmyard manure and plant ash is applied per acre in planting site before transplanting, it is deep
Plough, after leveling, in the March in November to next year, selector stem in 2~5cm, the complete seedling of root system, by spacing in the rows 25~
35cm, 30~45cm of line-spacing density by seedling replanting in planting site, root 5~6cm of earthing after transplanting in seedling is thick, pressure
It watered 1 time every 3~5 days to seedling after reality；
6. the management in growth period
A water management：In arid season, moisturizing should be carried out to seedling in time, make the water tariff collection of soil between 45~55%,
In rainy season, drains in time, avoid moisture surface ponding；
B weeding：It after seedling replanting survives, should see the grass and pull it out, timely earthing is answered to the moisture surface of the native table exposure in part；
C top dressing：Compound fertilizer need to be imposed 2~3 times in the growth period of polygonatum kingianurn plant every year, every minor tick 30~35 days, chased after per acre
10~20kg of compound fertilizer is applied, while growth foliar fertilizer 3~4 times need to be sprayed in the animated period of polygonatum kingianurn plant strain growth every year, every
It sprays within 15 days 1 time；
The control of d shading rate：First Year after polygonatum kingianurn seedling replanting, the control of shading rate after 40~50%, transplanting the
Third year shading rate control of the shading rate control in 2 years after 30~40%, transplanting does not have on the 4th year after 20~30%, transplanting
Shading rate is controlled, polygonatum kingianurn is allowed to grow under natural environmental condition；
E binds tongue fur：Every year when plant strain growth to 10~13 tongue fur leaf, need bind in time to plant, allow plant retain 9~
10 tongue fur leaves promote the growth of plant root to subtract oligotrophic consumption；
7. harvesting：It can all be harvested before plant germination after time of the year when autumn changes into winter plant is withered or at the beginning of last month of spring autumn in winter, when harvesting is first clear
The deadwood for managing ground, root is all taken, the soil of root is scraped off.
2. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly 2. in, the insecticide is imidacloprid, Diacloden, octyl sulfate, the one of which in fosthiazate.
3. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly 2. in, the microbicide solution is by the one of which in Bravo, Mancozeb and procymidone, with water by volume 1:
500 ratio is blent.
4. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly 4. in, the seedling foliar fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fulvic acid, the one of which in humic acid.
5. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly in c process 6., the ratio of N, P, K of the compound fertilizer are 1:0.5:1.2.
6. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly in c process 6., the growth foliar fertilizer is 0.25% urea, 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2% boric acid, fulvic acid, amino
One of which in acid.
7. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly in e process 6., for the polygonatum kingianurn plant that do not reserve seed for planting, while the bud in stalk is wiped out.
8. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly 6. in, polygonatum kingianurn plant can build anti-down colored net above plantation plot in growth animated period, the height of anti-down flower net
For 1.2~1.8m.
9. a kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step
Suddenly in a and c process 6., watering and the drip irrigation system to apply fertilizer using water-fertilizer integral.
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| CN109089463A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-28 | 重庆市银蜂四云创圆农业开发有限公司 | A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema seed growing method that the service life can be improved |
| CN109511508A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽省旌德博仕达农业科技有限公司 | One kind imitating wild rhizoma polygonati cultural method |
| CN110402781A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-05 | 凤庆恒润农业发展有限公司 | A kind of nursery quick propagation method of Paris polyphylla |
| CN110521325A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-03 | 昆明坤地农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of polygonatum kingianurn seed fast seedling growing |
| CN110537467A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | polygonatum kingianum seed greenhouse seedling growing method |
| CN110537468A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | simple polygonatum cyrtonema seed seedling culture method |
| CN111316878A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-23 | 罗平县经济作物技术推广站 | Intensive field planting method for polygonatum kingianum |
| CN111937703A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Method for breeding high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings |
| CN112021116A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-04 | 临沧道地中药材种植科技有限公司 | Rapid breeding method of polygonatum kingianum |
| CN115250676A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆市合信农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising method for breaking dormancy stage of polygonatum sibiricum seeds |
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| CN109089463A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-28 | 重庆市银蜂四云创圆农业开发有限公司 | A kind of polygonatum cyrtonema seed growing method that the service life can be improved |
| CN109511508A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽省旌德博仕达农业科技有限公司 | One kind imitating wild rhizoma polygonati cultural method |
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| CN110521325A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-03 | 昆明坤地农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of polygonatum kingianurn seed fast seedling growing |
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| CN110537468A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | simple polygonatum cyrtonema seed seedling culture method |
| CN111316878A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-23 | 罗平县经济作物技术推广站 | Intensive field planting method for polygonatum kingianum |
| CN111937703A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 三明市农业科学研究院 | Method for breeding high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema seedlings |
| CN112021116A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-04 | 临沧道地中药材种植科技有限公司 | Rapid breeding method of polygonatum kingianum |
| CN115250676A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆市合信农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising method for breaking dormancy stage of polygonatum sibiricum seeds |
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