CN104350926A - Large-scale cultivation method of radix psammosilenes - Google Patents
Large-scale cultivation method of radix psammosilenes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104350926A CN104350926A CN201410666137.0A CN201410666137A CN104350926A CN 104350926 A CN104350926 A CN 104350926A CN 201410666137 A CN201410666137 A CN 201410666137A CN 104350926 A CN104350926 A CN 104350926A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale cultivation method of radix psammosilenes. The method mainly comprises the steps of land selection, land preparation, seeding, field management and harvesting. Direct seeding plantation is performed in a large land, the emergence rate can exceed 95 percent, the growth speed of a plant after emergence is high, and the plant grows well; the rootstalk of the harvested radix psammosilenes is large, the defects of forming of insect holes and rotting of the root are overcome, and the quality is good; meanwhile, the fertilizer maintenance, the water maintenance and the ventilation of soil can be improved by virtue of an organic fertilizer, the mass propagation of an effective microbial community is promoted, the growth of pathogenic bacteria of the soil is restrained, a root system of the plant grows strong, toxic and side effects are avoided, and the medical performance and the soil environment of the radix psammosilenes are safer; the plantation method is simple, high in operability and low in cost, lays a good foundation for the improvement of the artificial large-scale plantation of the radix psammosilenes, and facilitates large-scale popularization plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of large-scale planting method of tuniclike psammosilene root.
Background technology
Tuniclike psammosilene root has another name called RADIX PSAMMOSILENE, Sinense Knotweed Rhizome, Kunming the root of straight ladybell, to leaf seven, Pachysandra axillaris Franch. etc., Caryophyllaceae tuniclike psammosilene root belongs to, and is the distinctive Mono-species genus in Southwestern China area.Tuniclike psammosilene root is medicinal plant between the famous name in Yunnan, also be one of important component of Yunnan Baiyao, its root has the effect except rheumatism, analgesia, hemostasis, be used for the treatment of rheumatism paralysis, stomachache, traumatic bleeding, traumatic injury etc., show through modern pharmacological research, tuniclike psammosilene root has analgesia and antiinflammatory action preferably, and by the extensive raw material medication with entering Yunnan Baiyao, Yunnan hongyao capsule, Guizhou Jin Gulian capsule, Fujian pain Urapidil etc., usage amount also increases day by day.Because tuniclike psammosilene root distributed areas are narrow, population is comparatively rare, in addition natural cause and artificial effect, and the resource quantity of tuniclike psammosilene root is sharply reduced, and lists in " Chinese red skin plant " book as rare and endangered species, belongs to Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant.At present; the plantation of tuniclike psammosilene root is also being confined to the artificial domesticating cultivation of small size and is adopting greenhouse gardening; the cost of labor that greenhouse gardening needs drop into, the cost of plantation are all higher, and the area of popularizing planting is little, the inadaptable optimal selection as scale, standardized planting.Therefore, develop that a kind of cost of investment is low, implantation methods is simple, fast growth, output standardized cultivation method that is high, the measured tuniclike psammosilene root high yield and high quality of matter is desirability.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve Problems existing in background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of cost of investment is low, implantation methods is simple, fast growth, output are high, matter measured tuniclike psammosilene root large-scale planting method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of large-scale planting method of tuniclike psammosilene root, comprises the following steps:
1. selection of land: select height above sea level in 1800 ~ 3600m, illumination, precipitation is sufficient, with the humid air, soil layer is deep, draining is good, acclive limestone red soil or yellow ground soil;
2. wholely: sow first 15 days soil deeptillages, removing foreign material, Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, after soil teds 7 ~ 8 days, with quicklime monoblock spreading, the consumption of every mu of quicklime is 70 ~ 80kg, then digs and turn over field, and leveling rake is thin, make the high railway carriage or compartment of wide 80 ~ 100cm, high 15 ~ 20cm, then with water spray face, railway carriage or compartment, humidity is 80 ~ 85%, until soil moisture air-dry to 60 ~ 65% time sowing;
3. sow: the seed furrow opening dark 15 ~ 20cm during sowing by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, then apply at plantation ditch the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and join and execute biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the consumption of farmyard manure every mu is 800 ~ 1000kg, the consumption of biological organic fertilizer every mu is 80 ~ 100kg, finally tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.1, be spread in seed furrow by even for seed subsequently, and built by seed with ready fine earth, blinding thickness 2 ~ 3mm, then cover the pine tag of last layer 2 ~ 3mm, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle;
4. field management:
A, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings: carry out thinning when height of seedling grows to 8 ~ 10cm, and go weak staying by force, transplanting of simultaneously filling the gaps with seedlings during thinning, to ensure full stand, when height of seedling is to 10 ~ 12cm, carries out final singling by spacing in the rows 8cm;
B, irrigation and drainage: before seed sprouting, as do not rained, spray in a 5 days water, makes its humidity remain on 60 ~ 65%, after emerging, tuniclike psammosilene root avoids flood, as long as not here plant, just need not pour water, should water in time when whole arid in vegetative period, during rainy season, ditch cleaning draining should be noted;
C, weeding are topdressed: Seedling Stage, and plant is too little, does not need intertill and clean tillage, should see that grass just pulls out, in order to avoid hinder root, cause death of seedling, become seedling stage, intertill and clean tillage to be carried out in good time, wherein, need topdress once in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage at the growth animated period of tuniclike psammosilene root, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 40 ~ 50kg, evenly during fertilising be spread in the ranks, be covered with soil;
D, defloration flower bud: the plant of not reserving seed for planting when tuniclike psammosilene root is progressively buddingged should wipe out bud in time, to reduce nutrient consumption, promote plant root growth;
5. gather: all can gather after the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, plant was withered or before plant germination at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, first clear up deadwood on the ground when gathering, root is all taken, scrapes off the earth of root.
The present invention adopts land for growing field crops directly to sow plantation, fully in conjunction with growing environment and the habit principle of tuniclike psammosilene root, utilize seasonal weather conditions, add artificial humid control, its emergence rate can reach more than 95%, the fast growth of plant after emerging, growing way is vigorous, tuniclike psammosilene root rhizome after gathering is individual large, without small holes caused by worms, the defect of rotten, quality better, the biological organic fertilizer that the present invention simultaneously adopts can effectively suppress and alleviate the obstacle of soil continuous cropping, the fertilizer conservation of soil can be improved, water conservation and gas permeability, promote the amount reproduction of profitable strain, suppress growing of soil surface characters, make the root system robust growth of plant, inhibit continuous cropping sick, root knot nematode disease, the generation of the multiple soil-borne disease such as fusarium wilt, and have no side effect, to pharmaceutical characteristic and the soil environment all relatively safety peace of tuniclike psammosilene root, this implantation methods is simple, workable, the low manual scale planting for improving tuniclike psammosilene root of cost is had laid a good foundation, be easy to large-scale popularizing planting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but limited the present invention never in any form, and any conversion done based on training centre of the present invention or replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1:
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. selection of land: select height above sea level at 1800m, illumination, precipitation is sufficient, with the humid air, soil layer is deep, draining is good, the gradient is 8 ° limestone red soil;
2. wholely: sow first 15 days soil deeptillages, removing foreign material, Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, after soil teds 7 ~ 8 days, with quicklime monoblock spreading, the consumption of every mu of quicklime is 70kg, then digs and turn over field, and leveling rake is thin, make the high railway carriage or compartment of wide 80 ~ 100cm, high 15 ~ 20cm, then with water spray face, railway carriage or compartment, humidity is 80 ~ 85%, until soil moisture air-dry to 60 ~ 65% time sowing;
3. sow: the seed furrow opening dark 15 ~ 20cm during sowing by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, then apply at plantation ditch the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and join and execute biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the consumption of farmyard manure every mu is 800kg, the consumption of biological organic fertilizer every mu is 80kg, finally tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.1, the seeding quantity of every mu is 2 ~ 3kg, be spread in seed furrow by even for seed subsequently, and with ready fine earth, seed is built, blinding thickness 2 ~ 3mm, cover the pine tag of last layer 2 ~ 3mm again, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, in described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram,
4. field management:
A, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings: carry out thinning when height of seedling grows to 8 ~ 10cm, and go weak staying by force, transplanting of simultaneously filling the gaps with seedlings during thinning, to ensure full stand, when height of seedling is to 10 ~ 12cm, carries out final singling by spacing in the rows 8cm;
B, irrigation and drainage: before seed sprouting, as do not rained, spray in a 5 days water, make its humidity remain on 60%, after emerging, tuniclike psammosilene root avoids flood, as long as not here plant, just need not pour water, and should water in time, should note ditch cleaning draining during rainy season when whole vegetative period is arid;
C, weeding are topdressed: Seedling Stage, and plant is too little, does not need intertill and clean tillage, should see that grass just pulls out, in order to avoid hinder root, cause death of seedling, become seedling stage, intertill and clean tillage to be carried out in good time, wherein, need topdress once in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage at the growth animated period of tuniclike psammosilene root, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 40kg, evenly during fertilising be spread in the ranks, be covered with soil; In described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram;
D, defloration flower bud: the plant of not reserving seed for planting when tuniclike psammosilene root is progressively buddingged should wipe out bud in time, to reduce nutrient consumption, promote plant root growth;
5. gather: all can gather after the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, plant was withered or before plant germination at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, first clear up deadwood on the ground when gathering, root is all taken, scrapes off the earth of root.
embodiment 2
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. selection of land: select height above sea level at 2500m, illumination, precipitation is sufficient, with the humid air, soil layer is deep, draining is good, the gradient is 12 ° yellow ground soil;
2. wholely: sow first 15 days soil deeptillages, removing foreign material, Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, after soil teds 7 ~ 8 days, with quicklime monoblock spreading, the consumption of every mu of quicklime is 75kg, then digs and turn over field, and leveling rake is thin, make the high railway carriage or compartment of wide 80 ~ 100cm, high 15 ~ 20cm, then with water spray face, railway carriage or compartment, humidity is 80 ~ 85%, until soil moisture air-dry to 60 ~ 65% time sowing;
3. sow: the seed furrow opening dark 15 ~ 20cm during sowing by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, then apply at plantation ditch the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and join and execute biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the consumption of farmyard manure every mu is 900kg, the consumption of biological organic fertilizer every mu is 90kg, finally tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.1, the seeding quantity of every mu is 2 ~ 3kg, be spread in seed furrow by even for seed subsequently, and with ready fine earth, seed is built, blinding thickness 2 ~ 3mm, cover the pine tag of last layer 2 ~ 3mm again, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, in described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram,
4. field management:
A, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings: carry out thinning when height of seedling grows to 8 ~ 10cm, and go weak staying by force, transplanting of simultaneously filling the gaps with seedlings during thinning, to ensure full stand, when height of seedling is to 10 ~ 12cm, carries out final singling by spacing in the rows 8cm;
B, irrigation and drainage: before seed sprouting, as do not rained, spray in a 5 days water, make its humidity remain on 62%, after emerging, tuniclike psammosilene root avoids flood, as long as not here plant, just need not pour water, and should water in time, should note ditch cleaning draining during rainy season when whole vegetative period is arid;
C, weeding are topdressed: Seedling Stage, and plant is too little, does not need intertill and clean tillage, should see that grass just pulls out, in order to avoid hinder root, cause death of seedling, become seedling stage, intertill and clean tillage to be carried out in good time, wherein, need topdress once in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage at the growth animated period of tuniclike psammosilene root, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 45kg, evenly during fertilising be spread in the ranks, be covered with soil; In described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram;
D, defloration flower bud: the plant of not reserving seed for planting when tuniclike psammosilene root is progressively buddingged should wipe out bud in time, to reduce nutrient consumption, promote plant root growth;
5. gather: all can gather after the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, plant was withered or before plant germination at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, first clear up deadwood on the ground when gathering, root is all taken, scrapes off the earth of root.
embodiment 3:
The concrete steps of the present embodiment are as follows:
1. selection of land: select height above sea level at 3600m, illumination, precipitation is sufficient, with the humid air, soil layer is deep, draining is good, the gradient is 8 ~ 15 ° yellow ground soil;
2. wholely: sow first 15 days soil deeptillages, removing foreign material, Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, after soil teds 7 ~ 8 days, with quicklime monoblock spreading, the consumption of every mu of quicklime is 80kg, then digs and turn over field, and leveling rake is thin, make the high railway carriage or compartment of wide 80 ~ 100cm, high 15 ~ 20cm, then with water spray face, railway carriage or compartment, humidity is 80 ~ 85%, until soil moisture air-dry to 60 ~ 65% time sowing;
3. sow: the seed furrow opening dark 15 ~ 20cm during sowing by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, then apply at plantation ditch the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and join and execute biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the consumption of farmyard manure every mu is 1000kg, the consumption of biological organic fertilizer every mu is 100kg, finally tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.1, seeding quantity is 2 ~ 3kg, be spread in seed furrow by even for seed subsequently, and with ready fine earth, seed is built, blinding thickness 2 ~ 3mm, cover the pine tag of last layer 2 ~ 3mm again, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, in described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram,
4. field management:
A, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings: carry out thinning when height of seedling grows to 8 ~ 10cm, and go weak staying by force, transplanting of simultaneously filling the gaps with seedlings during thinning, to ensure full stand, when height of seedling is to 10 ~ 12cm, carries out final singling by spacing in the rows 8cm;
B, irrigation and drainage: before seed sprouting, as do not rained, spray in a 5 days water, make its humidity remain on 65%, after emerging, tuniclike psammosilene root avoids flood, as long as not here plant, just need not pour water, and should water in time, should note ditch cleaning draining during rainy season when whole vegetative period is arid;
C, weeding are topdressed: Seedling Stage, and plant is too little, does not need intertill and clean tillage, should see that grass just pulls out, in order to avoid hinder root, cause death of seedling, become seedling stage, intertill and clean tillage to be carried out in good time, wherein, need topdress once in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage at the growth animated period of tuniclike psammosilene root, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 50kg, evenly during fertilising be spread in the ranks, be covered with soil; In described biological organic fertilizer, the content of organic matter is greater than 40%, humic acid content is greater than 30%, yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%, and water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram;
D, defloration flower bud: the plant of not reserving seed for planting when tuniclike psammosilene root is progressively buddingged should wipe out bud in time, to reduce nutrient consumption, promote plant root growth;
5. gather: all can gather after the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, plant was withered or before plant germination at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, first clear up deadwood on the ground when gathering, root is all taken, scrapes off the earth of root.
Adopt the tuniclike psammosilene root of the cultivation method plantation of above-described embodiment 1 ~ 3, emergence rate is up to 95%, and the growing way of plant is vigorous, growing period occurs without any damage by disease and insect, and tuniclike psammosilene root rhizome after gathering is sturdy evenly, without small holes caused by worms, rotten, the phenomenon of rotting, better, after being used as medicine, drug effect is high for quality.
Claims (4)
1. a large-scale planting method for tuniclike psammosilene root, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1. selection of land: select height above sea level in 1800 ~ 3600m, illumination, precipitation is sufficient, with the humid air, soil layer is deep, draining is good, acclive limestone red soil or yellow ground soil;
2. wholely: sow first 15 days soil deeptillages, removing foreign material, Exposure to Sunlight sterilization, after soil teds 7 ~ 8 days, with quicklime monoblock spreading, the consumption of every mu of quicklime is 70 ~ 80kg, then digs and turn over field, and leveling rake is thin, make the high railway carriage or compartment of wide 80 ~ 100cm, high 15 ~ 20cm, then with water spray face, railway carriage or compartment, humidity is 80 ~ 85%, until soil moisture air-dry to 60 ~ 65% time sowing;
3. sow: the seed furrow opening dark 15 ~ 20cm during sowing by line-spacing 10 ~ 15cm, then apply at plantation ditch the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, and join and execute biological organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, the consumption of farmyard manure every mu is 800 ~ 1000kg, the consumption of biological organic fertilizer every mu is 80 ~ 100kg, finally tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.1, be spread in seed furrow by even for seed subsequently, and built by seed with ready fine earth, blinding thickness 2 ~ 3mm, then cover the pine tag of last layer 2 ~ 3mm, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle;
4. field management:
A, thinning are filled the gaps with seedlings: carry out thinning when height of seedling grows to 8 ~ 10cm, and go weak staying by force, transplanting of simultaneously filling the gaps with seedlings during thinning, to ensure full stand, when height of seedling is to 10 ~ 12cm, carries out final singling by spacing in the rows 8cm;
B, irrigation and drainage: before seed sprouting, as do not rained, spray in a 5 days water, makes its humidity remain on 60 ~ 65%, after emerging, tuniclike psammosilene root avoids flood, as long as not here plant, just need not pour water, should water in time when whole arid in vegetative period, during rainy season, ditch cleaning draining should be noted;
C, weeding are topdressed: Seedling Stage, and plant is too little, does not need intertill and clean tillage, should see that grass just pulls out, in order to avoid hinder root, cause death of seedling, become seedling stage, intertill and clean tillage to be carried out in good time, wherein, need topdress once in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage at the growth animated period of tuniclike psammosilene root, every mu imposes biological organic fertilizer 40 ~ 50kg, evenly during fertilising be spread in the ranks, be covered with soil;
D, defloration flower bud: the plant of not reserving seed for planting when tuniclike psammosilene root is progressively buddingged should wipe out bud in time, to reduce nutrient consumption, promote plant root growth;
5. gather: all can gather after the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, plant was withered or before plant germination at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, first clear up deadwood on the ground when gathering, root is all taken, scrapes off the earth of root.
2. the large-scale planting method of a kind of tuniclike psammosilene root according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: step 3. and 4. in the biological organic fertilizer used; the content of organic matter is greater than 40%; humic acid content is greater than 30%; yellowish-brown humic acid potassium content is greater than 15%; water-loss reducer content is greater than 5%, and the total content of bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium and streptomyces microflavus is greater than 0.5 hundred million/gram.
3. the large-scale planting method of a kind of tuniclike psammosilene root according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1. described in the plot gradient be 8 ~ 15 °.
4. the large-scale planting method of a kind of tuniclike psammosilene root according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 3. in the seeding quantity of every mu be 2 ~ 3kg.
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| CN105284399A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-02-03 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Hill-drop planting method for tuniclike psammosilene root |
| CN105409507A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-23 | 云南邦森农业科技开发有限公司 | Original ecological planting method for psammosilene tunicoides |
| CN105493816A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-20 | 宁蒗县国兵生物科技有限公司 | Continuous cropping planting method for psammosilene tunicoides |
| CN105850429A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | Harmless control method for root rot of Psammosilene tunicoides |
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| CN106508348A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-22 | 维西天合中药材有限责任公司 | Planting method of psammosilence tunicoides |
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| CN108849346A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-23 | 曲靖市沾益区生物资源开发技术推广站 | A kind of polygonatum kingianurn growing nursery and culture method based on seed growing |
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