CN102783350A - Seedling culture method capable of improving emergence rate of gentiana crassicaulis - Google Patents
Seedling culture method capable of improving emergence rate of gentiana crassicaulis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling culture method capable of improving emergence rate of gentiana crassicaulis, belonging to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation. The seedling culture method comprises the following steps: seedlings are cultured at altitude of 2200-2600m and transplanted at altitude of 2200-3300m; flat ground with deep and fertile soil layers or gentle slope with deep and fertile soil layers is used for culturing the seedlings; then the whole ground is ridged and covered with a film; before seeding, the seeds are soaked with clean water at 20 DEG C for 24 hours or with 50ppm gibberellin for 2-8 hours; the land plot with rust diseases or root rot diseases is subjected to seed disinfection; after soaking or disinfection, wet sands are mixed with the seeds to be processed for 20-30 days; after the seeds are processed, the film is uncovered; grass on the ground is removed; and the ridged surface is leveled; the seeds are sown at low density; after sowing, the ground is covered with mixed soil and pine leaves; 7-8 months later, fertilizer is applied to the ground for 2-3 times, and Bordeaux mixture is sprayed. The seedling culture method has the advantages that the emergence rate of the gentiana crassicaulis can be increased to 65-94%; diseases at a seedling stage can be relieved; and seedling quality and strong seedling output rate can be improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method that improves the gentiana crassicaulis Duthie emergence rate, belong to the medicinal plant cultivation technical field.
Technical background:
Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie (Gentiana crassicaulis Duthie ex Burk.) is the Gentianaceae herbaceos perennial; Being the distinctive resources of medicinal plant of China, also is one of four kinds of former plants of the medicinal material " bark of ash " of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2010 editions an one) regulation.Bark of ash is one of important traditional Chinese medicine of China, is mainly used in diseases such as treatment rheumatic arthritis, consumptive disease hectic fever, jaundice.In the medicinal history in more than 2,000 years, bark of ash is many to be utilized as the master with wild article.Owing to reasons such as worsen year by year in the habitat, population serious degradation and damage type are excavated, wild gentiana crassicaulis Duthie resource reduces year by year, in the medicinal plant kind of special-protection-by-the-State, classifies country as and lays special stress on protecting plants for three grades.In recent decades, gentiana crassicaulis Duthie has all played positive effect at the high and cold mountain area and the upper level establishing in large scale of China southwest, each provinces and regions, northwest to alleviation bark of ash degree in imminent danger, cultivation high and cold mountain area characteristic strong industry.The gentiana crassicaulis Duthie artificial planting needs 2 ~ 3 years results, wherein, needs the production cycle in 1 year from being seeded into to emerge, and therefore, seedling production is produced most important to medicinal material.Because tiny, life-span of gentiana crassicaulis Duthie seed is short, natural germination rate is low, the seed seedling production technology is immature, lack problem such as strong sprout, has greatly influenced bark of ash standardization and large-scale planting level.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy the deficiency of existing gentiana crassicaulis Duthie seedling growing process, provide that a kind of emergence rate obviously improves, the disease incidence is low, the high gentiana crassicaulis Duthie seedling-cultivating method of output capacity in strong sprout.
The seedling-cultivating method of raising gentiana crassicaulis Duthie seeding ratio of the present invention, specific as follows:
A. in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, soil property is advisable with loam, sandy loam and forest humus;
B. open country is grown seedlings in annual sowing in 4 ~ May, and facility is grown seedlings in annual sowing in 3 ~ April; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when 9 ~ October of the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
C. with 20 ℃ clear water seed soaking 24h, or with gibberellin seed soaking 2 ~ 8h of 50ppm, the 8h best results of soaking seed; Pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, to the plot of rust medical history is arranged, every kilogram of seed is with 15% triadimefon wetting powder 2g seed dressing or with 12.5% fast Poly wetting powder 1.2 ~ 1.6g seed dressing; To the plot of root rot medical history is arranged, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 80% carbendazol wettable powder 10g; After the seed disinfection, press seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
D. after seed treatment finishes, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; Obtain through the c step by every square metre of 17 ~ 21g uniform broadcasting. fine sand and seed mixture, cover the composite soil that thickness is 1cm then, composite soil is an ash fire soil: mountain base soil: give birth to laterite=1:1:1; Evenly cover with pine tag again, water permeable; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%; According to emerging situation, reduce the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, remove whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
E.7 ~ August between, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
F. transplant to the area of height above sea level 2600 ~ 3300m, should late October to late November with digging with planting; Transplant to height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600m area, should late October to late November with digging with planting, or the original place survives the winter, and transplants to 1 year spring.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) adopts physics and chemical method to handle seed, effectively improved the gentiana crassicaulis Duthie percentage of seedgermination.Wherein: physical method can be brought up to percentage of seedgermination more than 65%, and chemical method can be brought up to percentage of seedgermination more than 80 ~ 94%;
(2) soil and seed are all carried out disinfection, alleviated the gentiana crassicaulis Duthie sprout term disease, improved seedling quality;
(3) adopt supporting seedling management technology, improved the output capacity in strong sprout.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: open country is grown seedlings, and the rust medical history is arranged, and transplants to the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m
(1) in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, loam, sandy loam and forest humus are advisable;
(2) open country is grown seedlings, sowing in 4 ~ May; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
(3) with behind 20 ℃ the clear water seed soaking 24h, pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 15% triadimefon wetting powder 2g, or 12.5% fast Poly wetting powder 1.2 ~ 1.6g seed dressing; Sterilization finishes, and presses seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, and water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
(4) before the sowing, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; By every square metre of 17 ~ 21g fine sand and seed mixture (i.e. the sowing quantity of 0.8 ~ 1.0g) uniform broadcasting, sowing bonnet composite soil (ash fire soil: mountain base soil: giving birth to laterite is 1:1:1), thickness is 1cm; Broadcast the back and evenly cover, water permeable with pine tag; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%, according to emerging situation, reduces the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, removes whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
Between (5) 7 ~ Augusts, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
(6) late October to late November is with digging with planting, or survives the winter on ground, transplants to 1 year spring.
Embodiment 2: facility is grown seedlings, and the root rot medical history is arranged, and transplants to the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m
(1) in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, loam, sandy loam and forest humus are advisable;
(2) facility is grown seedlings, sowing in 3 ~ April; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
(3) with the gibberellin of 50ppm seed soaking 2 ~ 8h, seed soaking 8h best results; Pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 80% carbendazol wettable powder 10g; Sterilization finishes, and presses seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, and water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
(4) before the sowing, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; By every square metre of 17 ~ 21g fine sand and seed mixture (i.e. the sowing quantity of 0.8 ~ 1.0g) uniform broadcasting, sowing bonnet composite soil (ash fire soil: mountain base soil: giving birth to laterite is 1:1:1), thickness is 1cm; Broadcast the back and evenly cover, water permeable with pine tag; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%, according to emerging situation, reduces the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, removes whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
Between (5) 7 ~ Augusts, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
(6) late October to late November is with digging with planting, or survives the winter on ground, transplants to 1 year spring.
Embodiment 3: open country is grown seedlings, and the rust medical history is arranged, and transplants to the area of height above sea level 2600 ~ 3300 m
(1) in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, loam, sandy loam and forest humus are advisable;
(2) open country is grown seedlings, sowing in 4 ~ May; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
(3) with the gibberellin of 50ppm seed soaking 2 ~ 8h, seed soaking 8h best results; Pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 15% triadimefon wetting powder 2g, or 12.5% fast Poly wetting powder 1.2 ~ 1.6g seed dressing; Sterilization finishes, and presses seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, and water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
(4) after seed treatment finishes, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; By every square metre of 17 ~ 21g fine sand and seed mixture (i.e. the sowing quantity of 0.8 ~ 1.0g) uniform broadcasting, sowing bonnet composite soil (ash fire soil: mountain base soil: giving birth to laterite is 1:1:1), thickness is 1cm; Broadcast the back and evenly cover, water permeable with pine tag; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%, according to emerging situation, reduces the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, removes whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
Between (5) 7 ~ Augusts, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
(6) late October to late November is with digging with planting.
Embodiment 4: facility is grown seedlings, and the root rot medical history is arranged, and transplants to the area of height above sea level 2600 ~ 3300 m
(1) in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, loam, sandy loam and forest humus are advisable;
(2) facility is grown seedlings, sowing in 3 ~ April; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
(3) with behind 20 ℃ the clear water seed soaking 24h, pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 80% carbendazol wettable powder 10g; After the seed disinfection, press seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
(4) after seed treatment finishes, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; By every square metre of 17 ~ 21g fine sand and seed mixture (i.e. the sowing quantity of 0.8 ~ 1.0g) uniform broadcasting, sowing bonnet composite soil (ash fire soil: mountain base soil: giving birth to laterite is 1:1:1), thickness is 1cm; Broadcast the back and evenly cover, water permeable with pine tag; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%, according to emerging situation, reduces the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, removes whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
Between (5) 7 ~ Augusts, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
(6) late October to late November is with digging with planting.
This method is after use Yulong county, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, enlightening celebrating two places, Wei Xi county, state, and result of practical application shows: this method is to promoting the gentiana crassicaulis Duthie effect of emerging obvious, and the yield and quality of gentiana crassicaulis Duthie seedling improves a lot.
Claims (1)
1. seedling-cultivating method that improves the gentiana crassicaulis Duthie emergence rate is characterized in that this seedling-cultivating method is specific as follows:
A. in the area of height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600 m, select that soil layer is deep, the content of organic matter 2% or more, pH value 5.5 ~ 7.0, irrigation and drainage grow seedlings to level land or gentle slope easily, soil property is advisable with loam, sandy loam and forest humus;
B. open country is grown seedlings in annual sowing in 4 ~ May, and facility is grown seedlings in annual sowing in 3 ~ April; Growing seedlings, deep ploughing tedded the soil when 9 ~ October of the previous year, rainwater reduced, and residue weeds a garden; Next year is sowed preceding 1 month whole soil of thin down tilt; The reason railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment face width 90cm, high 15 ~ 20cm are high 2 ~ 3cm, furrow width 35cm around the railway carriage or compartment; Reason is covered light-transmissive film behind the railway carriage or compartment, promotes weed growth, removes when waiting to sow;
C. with 20 ℃ clear water seed soaking 24h, or with gibberellin seed soaking 2 ~ 8h of 50ppm, the 8h best results of soaking seed; Pull nature after the seed soaking out and dry in the shade, to the plot of rust medical history is arranged, every kilogram of seed is with 15% triadimefon wetting powder 2g seed dressing or with 12.5% fast Poly wetting powder 1.2 ~ 1.6g seed dressing; To the plot of root rot medical history is arranged, every kilogram of seed is dressed seed with 80% carbendazol wettable powder 10g; After the seed disinfection, press seed and the mixed that cleans fine sand weight 1:20, water spray remains on 60% with fine sand moisture, handles 20 ~ 30 days;
D. after seed treatment finishes, take off the film weeding, leveling railway carriage or compartment face; Through fine sand and seed mixture that the c step obtains, cover the composite soil that thickness is 1cm by every square metre of 17 ~ 21g uniform broadcasting then, composite soil is an ash fire soil: mountain base soil: give birth to laterite=1:1:1; Evenly cover with pine tag again, water permeable; Keeping nursery soil humidity is 60 ~ 70%; According to emerging situation, reduce the pine tag overlay capacity in conjunction with the weeding gradation, remove whole pine tags when waiting to grow 4 true leaves;
E.7 ~ August between, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30kg, uses altogether 2 ~ 3 times; Connect and spray bordeaux mixture 2 times, bordeaux mixture is a copper sulphate: quicklime: water=1:1:100, and 10 ~ 15 days blanking times, each consumption is a 25kg/ mu; Look the weeds in field situation, weed a garden, weak seedling, sick seedling;
F. transplant to the area of height above sea level 2600 ~ 3300m, should late October to late November with digging with planting; Transplant to height above sea level 2200 ~ 2600m area, should late October to late November with digging with planting, or the original place survives the winter, and transplants to 1 year spring.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103210754A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-07-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for breeding gentiana macrophylla low-altitude sound seedlings |
| CN103250488A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for promoting seed germination of large-leaved gentian |
| CN103270883A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 陇西中天药业有限责任公司 | Non-woven fabric covering seedling method for gentiana macrophylla |
| CN104541862A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 云南道地药业（集团）有限公司 | Herba laggerae seed seedling culture method |
| CN106613153A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁夏西北药材科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting gentian macrophylla on forest land in imitating wild condition |
| CN108739179A (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2018-11-06 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of management method improving bark of ash quality |
| CN111345210A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-06-30 | 玉龙县鲁甸山芸药业有限责任公司 | Breeding and planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111527822A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-14 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
| CN113632690A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-11-12 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN114097543A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication cultivation method and application of gentianella acuta |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210754A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-07-24 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for breeding gentiana macrophylla low-altitude sound seedlings |
| CN103210754B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-12-10 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Method for breeding gentiana macrophylla low-altitude sound seedlings |
| CN103250488A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for promoting seed germination of large-leaved gentian |
| CN103250488B (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2015-03-04 | 中国农业大学 | Method for promoting seed germination of large-leaved gentian |
| CN103270883A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 陇西中天药业有限责任公司 | Non-woven fabric covering seedling method for gentiana macrophylla |
| CN104541862A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 云南道地药业（集团）有限公司 | Herba laggerae seed seedling culture method |
| CN106613153A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-10 | 宁夏西北药材科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting gentian macrophylla on forest land in imitating wild condition |
| CN108739179A (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2018-11-06 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | A kind of management method improving bark of ash quality |
| CN111345210A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-06-30 | 玉龙县鲁甸山芸药业有限责任公司 | Breeding and planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111527822A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-14 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
| CN113632690A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-11-12 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN113632690B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-23 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN114097543A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication cultivation method and application of gentianella acuta |
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